KR20030040343A - Undershot overflow filter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a filter (10) for agglomerating a fluid stream (72-74) containing particulate matter (74-76) or for filtering a particulate matter containing fluid. The filter consists of a plurality of arrays of solid elements (a, b, c, d) which have a gap g through which the flow of fluid flows between adjacent solid elements. The fluid flows 72-74 and the filter 10 are opposed to each other and bounded by splitting lines ending in the solid element in the middle of the adjacent gap g with the overflow of fluid through the adjacent gap g. The fluid flow and filter cause particulate matter whose incidence of the split wire to the plane of the array is greater than the gap to deflect from the overflow between the gaps. In order to ensure optimum incidence is maintained, at least two chambers are arranged on the upstream side of the filter. In addition, in order to allow optimum operation of the filter, a overflow control means is arranged so that the overflow flow is discharged from each chamber to maintain incidence in one or more chambers. Such a filter can be used to agglomerate sewage in places where overflow of sewage may occur.

Description

Bottom dead type overflow filter {UNDERSHOT OVERFLOW FILTER}

The present invention relates to a fluid filter device for use in separation / aggregation of a fluid / particulate material, and more particularly to a fluid filter device used for separating a fluid from a fluid containing waste material.

There are two ways to filter the fluid from the fluid and the fluid-containing element. One way is to remove unwanted parts that flow in the fluid, such as by sieving. Another method is to separate a portion of the fluid from the fluid to agglomerate the remaining fluid.

Obviously, the filter element can be used for both of these methods but in the prior art the filter will be clogged to some extent regardless of the required operation. When part of the filter is blocked, its efficiency will decrease and over time the filter will be completely blocked. Maintenance of such filters is not welcome and is typically expensive.

In the text, the filter elements used in suitable filter arrangements will be described for coagulation in overflow conditions of rain and sewage, in particular in overflow conditions. However, it is to be understood that the concept of filter element and filter device discussed herein is merely used as an example and that the described device can be made with suitable adjustments for separation and aggregation.

Indeed, some sewage managers in some or some areas send stormwater and sewage to the same pipe system. Typically, sewage pipe systems reach end-of-life treatment facilities and sometimes runoff into rivers or the sea. In either case, the sewage can be separated from the stormwater and flow through the pipe or appear in combined overflow conditions.

The technician in charge of the design of such a system can ascertain the maximum amount of combined rain and sewage that can be accommodated in a water treatment plant and the capacity of each pipe system entering the plant.

When these maximums are exceeded, in one or more potential bottlenecks of the pipe system, other flow paths, including pipes and open conduits, can be flooded to other parts of the system or directly to an acceptable outlet point.

The simplest way to provide an overflow mechanism is to include a dam that exceeds the calculated maximum value and can divert rain and sewage from the mainstream.

A simple dam has the advantage of being easy to install and can be installed together in the construction of a pipe system and can be retrofitted to existing pipe systems without other difficulties.

The major drawback of a simple dam is that rainwater and sewage are diverted to another path without treatment. In some cases, this unhandled overflow can cause potential hygiene disorders by exposing it to the atmosphere as it travels along open drains. Moreover, dams cause head pressure loss in the pipe system, which is generally unacceptable and may necessitate a costly replacement of existing pipe installations.

In some systems where the flow rate is above the maximum allowable, the pipe system is full and stagnant, and an unhandled overflow from some upstream inspection point overflows from the pipe system to the road, park or sidewalk. This can cause hygiene problems and embarrass managers.

Another common alternative to using a simple dam is to use a filter element that removes solid waste from overflow to reduce hygiene problems. This flocculation function is designed to overflow only relatively clean fluids while leaving undesired sewage in the pipes. Typically such a filter is designed to be activated only when it is in an overflow state. However, conventional filters and filter arrangements will be blocked during use and will not work properly. Surprisingly, solid waste has not been identified as a major source of occlusion but rather has been found to be caused by fiber. These fibers are the result of the breakdown of toilet paper. The fibrous material is elongated and easily caught between the elements of several filters used in the past. Over time, these fibrous materials accumulate and occlude some of the effective flow path through the filter. Many of these parts block the flow of fluid through the filter.

In addition, even when the overflow of the first period is completed, the laminated fiber material is hardly separated from the filter element, but hardens to form a large-scale paper film that becomes a barrier to the filter. Such laminated materials are not removed under transparent and normal environmental conditions and require manual removal, mechanical removal or high pressure cleaning to remove them from the filter element.

If costly maintenance is not done regularly, it can be expected that these laminates will increase and the filter will be completely plugged.

When the filter is blocked, this means that the filtered stormwater / sewage cannot overflow as required through the filter and other overflow mechanisms must be installed. These other instruments, after all, allow unfiltered rainwater and sewage to be diverted from the mainstream pipe system, which in turn is no better than a simple dam. The incoming sewage also fills the existing pipe system and overflows to other points remote from the treatment plant.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to reduce or minimize the above mentioned problems and to exclude some and also to provide filter elements which are used for separation or flocculation with stormwater and sewage pipe systems which differ from the prior art.

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

1 is a perspective view of a filter device according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a cutaway view of the filter device shown in FIG.

3 is a plan view of the filter device shown in FIG.

4 is a side cross-sectional view of the filter device shown in FIG.

5 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the filter device of FIG.

6 is a close-up perspective view of the filter element.

7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the principle of split wired separation;

FIG. 7A is an explanatory view showing a modification of the filter element shown in FIG. 7; FIG.

8 is a plan view showing another embodiment of a filter assembly showing each partition wall disposed on top of the filter element.

9 is a side cross-sectional view of the filter assembly shown in FIG. 8.

10 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the filter element used in the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9.

11 is a perspective view of the filter element used in the embodiment of FIGS. 8 and 9.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a filter for agglomeration or separation in a fluid stream containing particulate matter, the filter consisting of a plurality of solid element arrays, which array spills fluid between adjacent solid elements. flows), the fluid flow and the filter facing each other and the overflow of the fluid through the adjacent gap is bounded by a split flow line ending at a solid element in the middle of the adjacent gap, the incident of the split wire into the plane of the array. Is such that particulate matter larger than the gap can be deflected from the overflow between the gaps.

In another aspect of the invention, the filter consists of at least two chambers receiving the overflow on the upstream side of the filter such that the same incidence can be maintained along the fluid flow length of the filter adjacent to each chamber.

In another aspect of the filter of the present invention mentioned above, the one or more chambers have overflow control means arranged to be sized so that the overflow can come from each chamber to maintain incidence.

Although not described in the accompanying drawings, suggestions or descriptions of other embodiments will be included within the scope of the present invention, although not shown in the text, other features of the present invention may be shown in the drawings.

Embodiments of a number of inline filter devices will be described. The embodiment described first is a large scale embodiment. This embodiment has not been specifically mentioned but has been found to be useful in overflow / sewage overflow situations and will have the advantage of being applicable to other applications as well.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1-5, the inline filter device 10 is a conventional storm / sewage pipe 12 through which the rainwater and sewage flow from the pipe 12 to the pipe 12 ′ through this filter device 10. Is installed along the The overflow pipe 14 extends parallel to the pipe 12 ′ at a distance after the filter device 10.

The inline filter device described in this embodiment is configured such that the bottom thereof has the same height as the pipe 12 between the filter device inlet 16 and the filter device outlet 18.

The in-line filter device may be installed along the storm pipe system or at any end point. In addition, the filter device may be installed underground and used in rainwater exclusive systems and industrial fluid filtration facilities.

Fluid and accompanying contaminants / sewage enter the filter device 10 through the pipe 12 and the inlet 16 so as to pass underneath the filter element 20. In this embodiment the filter element consists of a "cheese grate" screen as described in detail below.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the filter element 20 of this embodiment extends parallel to the lower face 22 of the filter device 10. Arrow 'M' shows a continuous flow of incoming stormwater and sewage, while arrow 'F' represents the flow of filtered water (overflow).

In another embodiment, not shown, the filter element 20 may be inclined closer to the lower side at the outlet end than at the inlet end of the filter device 10. In another embodiment, not shown, the filter may be inclined lower on the opposite side near the middle of the filter device 10, with the side of the filter being higher than the side of the filter device on which the wall 24 is located.

The height of the filter element 20 at the top of the lower side 22 is determined by the amount of rainwater and sewage flowing into the filter device, and the amount of inflow is the pipe bore that must be reached before the inflow fluid needs to agglomerate to generate overflow. It is known to be about 50% of. In this embodiment, once the specific flow rate range is known, the height of the filter element is set above the lower side 22 which is about 50% of the diameter of the inlet pipe 12. This setting will result in stormwater and sewage at this pre-determined influent flow to this height and filtration / aggregation will commence.

The final height of the filter may also be due to other factors such as the efficiency of the filter element 20, the size of the inlet pipe 12, the length and width of the filter assembly and the size of the outlet pipe 12 '(generally the same as the inlet pipe 12). It may vary depending on. Thus, although the length of the filter device 10 may be longer than the diameters of the pipes 12, 12 ′ and 14 in FIGS. 1 to 5, the length of the filter device 10 may be defined as It can be shorter or longer depending on shape.

When the filter device is activated and the overflow occurs, the filtered fluid flowing through the filter element 20 descends into the overflow chamber 25 from the filter element side closest to the middle of the filter device 10 and the chamber is filtered. It is equal to the volume of the chamber on the filter side of the device 10. The overflow chamber 25 allows the filtration fluid to communicate with the filtration fluid outlet 26 of the filter device in which the overflow pipe 14 is in fluid communication. The reason why the size of the overflow chamber 25 is the same as the filter size is to allow the inflow fluid to be switched without restriction if necessary.

The term "undershot overflow filter" means that a large amount of fluid containing particulate matter (contaminants) flows (continuously flows) under the filter element and the filtration (aggregation) of the filter device overflows. The use of the filter element of this embodiment, which is used to process the (overflow) state, is well illustrated.

The flow of the inflow fluid causes the filter element 20 to be submerged in a smaller depth than the flow of the vertical component passing through the lower side of the fluid velocity, so that the fluid passes upward through the filter element, but the particulate matter contained in the fluid It is configured to pass downward except that it is smaller than the gap. The characteristics of such a filter device will be described later in detail, which is referred to as split wired separation. The conditions under which such split wired separation is performed can be achieved by various methods. When using the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the configuration of a dam or header tank may be arranged downstream of the filter assembly to achieve some desired conditions.

The filter device 10, in which the filter element 20 is disposed, controls the relative speed of the water flowing parallel to the filter mesh and the water flowing perpendicularly to the filter mesh so that rainwater and sewage are used together with the dam or the header tank and are perpendicular to the plane of the filter mesh. And the plane of the filter element 20, ie in this embodiment, the mesh, at an angle of about 3% or less, which is an expression representing parallel velocity components. In the text, this is called "incidence."

Surface velocity (vertical component) is defined as the monthly flow rate divided by the area of the filter element at which the monthly flow occurs. Continuous velocity (parallel component) is defined as the average velocity component of continuous flow parallel to the filter element at a point outside the boundary layer.

Certain 3% incidences in this embodiment are merely used as one preferred example and are not limited thereto.

Incidents can also be varied by adjusting the depth of the overflow fluid above the filter element with respect to the depth of continuous flow actually flowing downstream of the filter.

Methods and apparatus for adjusting these depths include disposing valves, barriers and dams in and out of the filter arrangement. As the inflow rate changes, for example, the depth can be used by using a notched dam that allows the upstream water depth of the dam to have the required correlation with the flow over the dam, or multiple isolation of the chamber above the filter element as described in detail below. By using a through hole can be optimized and controlled.

In some cases, it is advantageous to use non-planar filter elements such that the incidence of fluid on these filter elements in different areas of the filter element is uniform throughout the entire area of the filter element relative to the maximum range of inflow flow. In such a case, the incidence is based on the velocity ratio below the partial plane of the filter element, ie the average plane below some of the filter elements in this embodiment.

Although not shown in the figures, the filter element may be curved and may also have a different angle with respect to adjacent areas to provide a curved (non-planar) shape, but a plane that is generally planar with respect to the particular area of the filter element that is incident. It can consist of a set of regions.

Another embodiment of the filter arrangement is shown in FIG. 5. It shows a wall 28 disposed on one side and raised above the filter element 20 along the longitudinal centerline of the filter device 10. The wall 28 causes the fluid flowing upwards through the filter element 20 and a small amount of entrained contaminants to flow in the continuous flow direction 'M' until it reaches the through hole 30 of the wall 28. The filtered fluid flow 'F' (overflow) flows down through the through hole to the overflow chamber 25 and flows to the overflow pipe 14 side. The length of the filter device 10 is shown long with respect to the diameter of the pipe, but this is merely shown as an example and may be long or short depending on the sewage pipe.

In other cases, the filter arrangements are different but the spacing of the filter elements for the flow is the same.

In the inlet region of the filter device 10, the inlet 16 is open relative to the continuous flow chamber 32. The chamber has a lower side common to the lower side 22 of the filter device, so that the inflow fluid flows toward the outlet 18 of the filter device along the same slope. The inlet fluid will flow continuously through the filter device 10 in the continuous flow direction 'M' until the level of the inlet fluid in the filter device rises to the top of the filter element 20. Although fluid will continue to flow through the inlet 16 and outlet 18 of the filter device 10, this may allow some of the fluid (overflow) to flow through the filter element 20 into the filter device. Fluid will pass through to the filter device 10 side.

In this example, it has been found that it is desirable to configure the inlet region of the filter 34 in a streamline so that the flow of rainwater and sewage flows down the dividing wall 36 before the filter element 20. Such a streamlined structure is effective when the inflow and outflow levels of the fluid flow to the filter device rise to the upper part of the filter so that the smooth continuous flow can be made under the filter element.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a semi-circular curved body 35 is disposed across the lower side of the wall 36 so that the flow of water flowing from the inlet pipe 12 into the filter device 10 can be streamlined. Is placed. Turbulence reduction above the bottom level of the wall 36 eliminates unnecessary recirculation areas below the wall 36.

Likewise, at the end of the filter element 20 of the filter device, it is preferable to arrange the inclined surface 37 below the wall 36 which is above the filter element closest to the outlet 18. This inclined surface is shown extending in the outflow pipe 12 'side in FIG. 4, but this inclined surface may be disposed completely in the filter device 10. As shown in FIG. The reduction of turbulence at the outlet side reduces the turbulence at the ends of the filter element which adversely affects the effectiveness of the filter arrangement.

In addition, a wall 38 (dam) separating the continuous flow chamber 32 from the overflow chamber 25 is formed at the inflow end of the filter device 10. If the overflow flow rate is exceeded and continues to increase, there will be a point in time where the inflow flow rate may be large enough to require a bypass mechanism in addition to that provided by the filter element. In this embodiment, the rainwater and sewage passing through the forward flow chamber 32 rises to the top of the wall 38 and descends to the overflow chamber 25 side and then flows out of the filter device through the overflow pipe 14. do.

An overflow mechanism of this type may be provided at a different location or more upstream than that provided in the described embodiments.

The overflow critical flow can be determined by the water management designer based on the calculated requirements and capacity of the existing pipe system to provide another path for the unfiltered overflow fluid.

In the example of the overflow mechanism provided outside of the filter device, the wall 38 extends to the roof of the filter device so that no overflow of unfiltered fluid enters the overflow chamber 25 or the overflow pipe 14. Can be configured. Non-filtration overflows are preferably sent to other filter devices or to acceptable outlets or other expected treatment facilities by upstream dams.

In this embodiment the filter element 20 consists of a "cheese great" mesh as shown in detail in FIG. 6.

In FIG. 4, the arrow shows that the sewage-containing fluid flows down the filter element (mesh) 20. In this process, part of the fluid flows back through the mesh (for continuous flow) and flows to the top of the filter element (mesh) 20. The flow pattern on top of the filter element (mesh) 20 has been found to be an indicator that the mesh works well. One filtration fluid flow configuration is that the filtration fluid (overflow) flows to both sides of the filter element (mesh) 20 to reach the overflow chamber 25. When the filter element (mesh) 20 is operated uniformly, water hardly flows in the same direction as the mainstream. That is, water does not flow in the direction of the mainstream, but only laterally. The mainstream component on the filter element (mesh) 20 appears to be partially recycled. This lateral movement appears to be due to the amount of momentum of the upstream descending into the overflow chamber 25 and the surface tension of the water.

In this embodiment the flow over the mesh appears to move in the same direction as the continuous flow, which flows in the direction of each outlet 26, 18. Of course, the water flowing over the mesh is filtered and first descended to the overflow chamber 25 side, and then flows out from the filter device 10 to the overflow pipe 14 side through the outlet port 26.

Figure 6 shows a partial bottom of one mesh form (called cheese great mesh), the arrow 'M' shows the continuous flow direction of storm water / sewage fluid.

7 shows a mechanism for generating the above-mentioned results, which constitutes another embodiment to be described in the text. This mechanism is referred to as "split line separation".

An intersection or slat great array of “cheese great” meshes will be used in the other embodiments shown in FIG. 7.

The solid line shows the mesh / great element and the dashed line doesn't really exist, but it shows the flow line of water to help explain how the filter works. Line 70 represents the top of the continuous flow chamber 32, in particular the bottom of the partition 36. The unfiltered fluid is shown flowing into the lower region of the filter element 20 and the dashed line 72 represents the height X1 of the fluid flowing upwards towards the gap between the great element a and the great element b. .

Upflow of the water without particulate matter is the result of a number of effects. Controlling the angle of incidence of the already mentioned continuous flow towards the mesh along its entire length is an important effect of the successful use of the filter device. Split line separation prevents the mesh from being blocked because the particles contained in the fluid passing through the mesh are much smaller than the spacing between the mesh apertures, i.e., the size of X1, and the larger particles are otherwise induced along the filter device. to be. This configuration is in contrast to conventional screens where particles are introduced into the gap between the solid elements of the mesh / grate and are larger than this gap, resulting in particles being trapped between these elements. The particles are larger than the gap bridge across the gap between these elements, regardless of the spacing or direction of the mesh elements.

Thus, in such a filter device, entrained particles or cellulose flowing in the flow and smaller than height X1 pass through the filter element, while particles or other fibrous material below the dashed line 72 may be directed to a particular portion of the filter element. It will flow past.

However, the fluid and particles flowing in the dashed lines 72 and 74 that determine the height X2 will flow through the gap between the great elements b) and c. Likewise, the fluid and particles flowing in the dotted lines 74 and 76 that determine the height X3 will flow through the great elements (c) (d), respectively. In general, particles with a center of gravity below each line will be directed past the flow towards the gap of the filter element.

Thus, FIG. 7 shows that there is a split stream line 100 ending at each solid element of the filter element and the flows flowing through the gap between the solid elements are bounded by these streamlines. Particle material between the solid element and the dividing flow line, i.e., size X1, will flow between the gaps between adjacent solid elements to form a overflow. Otherwise, the particulate matter does not lead to the gap, does not pass through the gap and causes the filter element to partially occlude.

It has been found that this type of filter construction does not occlude under most conditions, including low and high flow rates, for example, regardless of the nature of the contaminants involved, such as the elongated cellulose fibers as already mentioned. The dotted line is shown for the sake of illustration, and the shape and spacing of the dotted line may vary depending on the flow rate (continuous flow rate and flow rate) to reflect the principles understood and explained in the text.

"Cheese Great" meshes have been found to be useful in environments with little waste but other types of meshes or grates with similar or better results may be used. For example, the mesh or grate may consist of a parallel array of rectangular, square or circular rods laterally disposed relative to the flow path.

Another embodiment of the filter arrangement is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, which is shown in the form of ten independent compartments on an elongated filter element. The filter elements consist of parallel louver arrays arranged laterally with respect to continuous flow and each parallel filter element is inclined with respect to the flow direction such that the gap between the louvers is in relation to the continuous flow direction 'M' as shown in FIG. 10. It is directed in the opposite direction. When viewed in cross section, the arrangement of the louvers is different from that of FIG. 7, and conditions for split wired separation may appear.

However, the advantages of the non-closed bottom filter type device can be obtained and, when optimized, a number of properties need to be adjusted. These characteristics can be confirmed by modeling and experimentation.

In the filter element shown in FIG. 7, in particular in the form of a louver array, the length L, the thickness T, the gap G and the pitch P of each louver of the grille may vary depending on some characteristics of this filter arrangement. As shown in Fig. 7a, it is preferable that the lower side of the louver lying on the flow boundary surface of the filter element for the forward passage flow is flat. This modification is intended to reduce the likelihood of turbulence in this area.

Forward flow is tangential and the overflow flow is perpendicular to the plane of the louver panel. The face velocity is the main overflow flow velocity component perpendicular to the plane of the filter element 20. This is numerically the same as already mentioned by dividing the monthly flow by the area of the panel of the filter element.

In the louver array of this example, it is desirable to keep the surface velocity constant along the length (flow direction) of the panel of the filter element.

The overflow flow is the flow of filtered fluid leaving the filter arrangement and the monthly flow rate is the ratio of the amount of filtered outflow (overflow flow) to the total fluid flowing into the filter assembly. Therefore, when the flow rate of 21 liters per second flows into the filter assembly and the monthly flow rate is 10 liters per second, the monthly rate is about 48%. In this case, the continuous flow would be 11 liters per second.

The higher the monthly rate, the better the performance of the filter, unless the garbage is collected and blocked on the filter element.

It is possible to optimize the filter device for non occlusion at relatively high monthly rates, but at low monthly rates, obstruction or contamination may occur.

There may be a number of modifications to optimize the best combination of overflow rate and filter non-contamination in the maximum range of input flow rates with a monthly rate greater than one.

One of these characteristics is the incidence of continuous flow into the plane of the louver array. This incidence, as already mentioned, has been found to be in the range of 1-3% desirable and there is little contamination if kept along the length of the filter element. The maintenance of constant incidence seems to improve the principle of split-line separation already mentioned and allow maximum overflow flow from the filter at any given magnitude.

However, in order to achieve uniformity of these characteristics, it is first necessary to make the filter length relatively short and to allow the flow direction slope of the wall friction and the speed to be changed by the pressure difference through the louver array inducing nonuniform incidence. The pressure differential through the louver array is the driving force that generates the surface velocity. Longer filter elements increase the ratio of energy loss to the total energy of the fluid and the slope of the total energy is nonlinear. The angle of incidence becomes uneven along the length of the filter. If it is too large, contamination occurs and if it is too low, the average surface velocity decreases.

By modifying the slope of the filter element, it will be advantageous in continuous flow, but if it deviates from a certain angle (different from different flows), the positive effect will turn into a negative effect and the face velocity will decrease and the filtration fluid on the filter element will be sucked into the continuous flow. Can be.

However, in order to increase the overflow rate and to have a suitable surface velocity, the incidence angle of the filter element is too large and the friction loss is too large, resulting in the above-mentioned result.

Partitioning the filter, i.e. shortening the filter length and keeping the parameters of the overflow rate, surface velocity and angle of incidence constant in the filter and the area under each compartment, helps to achieve the desired results. Surface speed can be difficult to control.

At least in the actual system, overflow can be controlled from each compartment. However, the actual system is not an ideal device because of the added complexity and the cost of maintenance because the filter device is located at a remote location from the maintenance worker in a good pipe system. Such systems, using movable dams or valve actuators, can be used in suitable industrial filtration installations where specific monthly rates are required and maintenance of mechanical or pneumatic components is not a major concern.

Particular advantages in some applications and particularly in sewage treatment, such as the example in the text, control the overflow flow from each chamber to the extent that the required incidence can be maintained without the need for mechanical or pneumatic components. It is to provide a passive means.

Therefore, this approach passively takes into account the various monthly flows with a wide range of inflows.

Some devices that use the overflow flow control means as the outlet side control means include a wide crest-type dam, an orifice, a combination of the two, v-notches and slits. The orifice is preferably of simple shape. The outlet side control device is preferably arranged on the filter element at the side wall of each chamber. The circular orifice ensures that the overflow flow rate from each chamber is known (as the area of the aperture is known) and that the water level is maintained above the level of the filter element at a height that maintains the pressure in the chamber, which is beneficial for maintaining the incident and associated surface velocity. Can be placed (acting like a dam). In addition to one orifice, additional orifices may be used to regulate the overflow flow when a large flow rate is introduced into the filter device. These orifices may be the same or different from those already mentioned.

Figure 11 shows a filter device operating in the above-mentioned configuration and shows that the overflow flow is made from circular orifices arranged up and down in each chamber used in this embodiment.

In the configuration shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, although the through hole for the overflow flow is shown to be a circular through hole arranged up and down, a slot of a suitable size may be used for the above-mentioned purpose.

The chamber used to contain the filter element may be given an aspect ratio of the filter element to be wider than its length. It is also possible to use a cylindrical filter element so that the agglomerated fluid can cause a vortex in the cylindrical filter element and the chamber can be arranged outside to give ideal conditions for split line separation. A conical filter with a truncated cone vertex may also be used.

Of course, these devices are difficult to adapt to existing pipe systems, but may be flexible in some circumstances.

Indeed, any configuration of filter element 20 that exhibits the desired non-clogging characteristics utilizing the principle of split-line separation may be used to separate the fluid from the fluid that is accompanied by particulate matter (particles containing elongated stem-like material). It would be useful in an environment involving industries as already mentioned that require it.

In order to obtain the most ideal configuration with the best continuous and overflow flow under various facility conditions and inflow flow conditions, filter shape and grade, flow rate, overflow flow shape and position, surface velocity, incidence, filter element size, and hole size Is a problem that can be determined by experiment.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the invention is not limited to the specific cases mentioned above. The invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments thereof with respect to the specific elements or configurations mentioned above. It will be appreciated that the present invention may be modified in various ways without departing from the principles of the invention. Accordingly, the present invention should be understood that all such modifications are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

It consists of a plurality of solid element arrays with gaps through which flows of fluid flow between adjacent solid elements, and the flow of fluid through filters adjacent to each other in the split stream where the flow of fluid through adjacent gaps ends at the solid elements in the middle of the adjacent gaps. And a bottom-filled overflow filter for agglomeration or separation in fluid flows containing particulate matter bounded by and wherein particulate matter whose incidence of the split wire to the plane of the array is greater than the gap is deflected from the overflow between the gaps. 2. The filter of claim 1, wherein the filter is further comprised of at least two chambers receiving the overflow on the upstream side of the filter such that substantially the same incidence can be maintained along the fluid flow length of the filter adjacent to each chamber. Bottom-sized overflow filter characterized by. 3. The underfloor overflow filter according to claim 2, wherein the one or more chambers have a overflow control means arranged to allow the flow of water from each chamber to maintain incidence. 4. The lower dead type of claim 3 wherein the fluid flow through the filter or a portion thereof is a continuous flow and the overflow flow control means is arranged to maintain the ratio of continuous flow to the overflow flow of each of the plurality of chambers. Overflow Filter. The bottom deadline overflow filter of claim 1, wherein the solid elements are planar, their width is greater than their depth greater than their thickness, and the size of the gap is uniform. 6. The bottom-filled overflow filter of claim 5, wherein the planar element of the filter array is such that the gap is such that the overflow can flow in a direction substantially opposite to the fluid flow direction. 6. The bottom deadline overflow filter of claim 5, wherein the solid elements are arranged in a planar array. The bottom dead overflow filter of claim 1 wherein the solid elements are arranged in a circular array. 4. The bottom deadline overflow filter of claim 1, wherein the fluid flow flows down the filter array and the overflow flows over the filter array. 4. The lower dead type according to claim 3, wherein the overflow control means comprises one or more circular through holes formed in the wall of the chamber disposed above the filter element so that the overflow flow can flow out of the chamber in a controlled state. Overflow Filter.