KR20030039859A - acupuncture therapy of endometritis of milk cattle by honeybee venom - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method of treating endometritis in a milk cow by apitherapy using bee venom is provided which is simple in operation, high in treatment effect and economic. CONSTITUTION: A mature worker bee(15 days or more old), Apis mellifera L., is collected and fresh bee venom thereof is then acupunctured over acupoints such as kyoso-hyeol(10) and baekhoe-hyeol related with endometritis in a milk cow. In the process, the fresh bee venom from three worker bees is continuously acupunctured for 5 days only once a day.

Description

Acupuncture therapy of endometritis of milk cattle by honeybee venom}

The present invention relates to a method for treating endometritis cows using live bee venom, and more particularly, to use cow bee, that is, animal bee venom, which is a natural animal active substance, in the treatment of endometritis in cows. By specifying the acupuncture point corresponding to the treatment and directing the bee sting of worker bees among living bees on the specified blood level, the natural bee venom is infused naturally, thereby making the bee venom simpler, more effective and economical. It relates to the treatment of endometritis cow used.

In general, preventive methods of livestock diseases include prevention of germs, viruses, fungi, parasites and other pathogens, and disinfection to prevent them from accessing the affected animal. Preventive measures include the formation of antibodies by vaccination. Vaccination weakens or kills pathogens and inoculates livestock to gain immunity, a defense against disease.

Domestic cows, ie dairy cows, are being domestically distributed between 14 and 15.5 months, compared to 12 and 13 months in advanced dairy countries, which means their competitiveness is lower than that of advanced dairy countries. In this situation, endometritis in cows is having a major impact on the farm economy. Endometritis (子宮 內 膜炎, endometritis) is caused by infection and secondary inflammation of the uterus and is the cause of infertility of cattle. Uterine and endometritis are prone to miscarriage, placental stagnation, premature birth, septic uterus and sinusitis. These factors are delayed in conception due to delayed uterine repair, continuation of uterine drainage, delayed recovery of the endometrium, and sometimes increased mating frequency.

The cause of endometritis is contamination of bacteria resulting from unsanitary management of labor and acid baths and unsanitary procedures in artificial insemination. In particular, when the delivery assistant is in an unclean state in the vagina or the uterus, or inferior in the delivery of the cow's buttocks, vulva, tail and surrounding environment induces the delivery of bacteria in the uterus occurs. In addition, by inserting the fertilization device into the vagina during the fertilization of artificial insemination, the bacteria contaminated with the device is injected into the uterus, or when the treatment of ovary or postpartum stagnation is caused by contamination of the bacteria in the uterus.

As a treatment for endometritis in cows, drug therapy using syringes and injections is common. Such drug therapy is to administer artificial synthetic drugs in treating endometritis.

However, the treatment of endometritis by such drug therapy is not only poorly treated due to high drug resistance, but also the possibility of recurrence is remarkably increased. Therefore, more time, treatment costs, and efforts are required to treat endometritis in dairy cows, and the proportion of quarantine and treatment costs in farm management costs is gradually increasing. In addition, the administration of such drugs lowers the quality of milk produced in dairy cows and ultimately seriously threatens the health of human beings who consume them.

The present invention has been made to solve the conventional problems as described above, the object of the present invention using live bee venom is not a synthetic drug, but a natural natural active substance of dairy cows in accordance with the treatment in the occurrence of endometritis in cows By directing the bee stings of live worker bees to the natural bee venom to be injected naturally, the procedure is simple, the treatment effect is high and provides an economical treatment of endometritis of cows.

1 is a diagram showing the bee venous blood spot of live bee venom in the treatment of endometritis cow according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a diagram showing the body temperature change of endometritis cows during treatment of live bee venom according to the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

10: gyomojeok (交 巢穴) 14: white blood (百 會 穴)

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention,

Preparing a surgical rod in which the raw rod is accommodated (S1);

Capturing live rods by tweezers one by one on the surgical rod (S2);

Treatment of endometritis in cows using live bee venom, comprising the step of injecting captured live bee venom into glioblastoma and leukemia (S3), the main bee-epithelial gastric stages corresponding to the treatment of endometritis in cows (S3) To provide.

Preferably, the live bees use mature worker bees at least 15 days of age after release as Italian species.

Hereinafter, the treatment of endometritis in cows using live bee venom according to the present invention will be described in detail.

In the present invention, raw bee venom, which is a natural animal active substance, is used to treat endometritis. In other words, in order to treat endometritis in cows, the bee stings of live worker bees are placed directly on the bee sting blood in accordance with endometritis treatment to induce live bee venom to be naturally injected into the affected area, thereby rapidly treating endometritis.

To achieve this, the composition and content of the raw bee venom used in the present invention is as shown in Table 1 below. That is, there are 11 peptide components, 5 enzyme components, 3 physiologically active amine components, and 4 non-peptide synthetic substances, and 23 components have been analyzed to date (Christopher Kim, 1992). As described above, raw bee venom is mixed with various substances, and the highest content of dry bee venom is merittin, which accounts for 40 to 50%. Raw bee venom has a strong bitter taste and a unique scent. The pH of raw bee venom is 5.2-5.3 and its specific gravity is 1.1313. Raw bee venom is rapidly evaporated when it is released to room temperature, leaving about 30 to 40% of crystals.

Table 1. Contents of Raw Bee Venom by Components

system Ingredient Content (% building) Peptides (11 types) Merittin apamin MCD-peptide (MCD-peptide (peptide 401)) adorapin (protease inhibitor secapin tertiapin tertiapin F) procamine A (B) minimine cardiopep 40 to 502 to 32 to 31 <0.80.50.10.011.42 to 3 <0.7 Enzyme (five kinds) Bahia ruro The first (hyaluronidase) phospholipase A ₂ (phospholipase A ₂₎ alpha-glucosidase (α-glucosidase) Acid phosphonate mono esterase (acid phosphomonoesterase) Li parcel spokes lipase (lysophospholipase) 1.5-210-120.61.01.0 Bioactive amines (3 types) Histamine dopamine norepinephrine 0.6 to 1.60.13 to 1.00.1 to 0.7 Non-peptide Ingredients (4 types) Carbohydrates (glucose and fructose) lipids (6 phospholipids) amino acids (ν-aminobutyric acid β-aminoisobutyric acid) <24 to 5 <0.5 <0.01 system 23 kinds

When the live bee venom having the components shown in Table 1 is injected into the body tissues of mammals, each component acts collectively to stimulate the immune system of the mammal, anti-inflammatory, cell lysis (hemolysis), neurotoxic effect, antibacterial And pharmacological functions such as antifungal action, protection from radiation, and antialkylation action have been found to be combined.

The composition of each component in bee venom and its action in mammalian in vivo so far are shown in Table 2 (Christopher Kim, 1992).

Table 2. In vivo Activity of Major Components of Raw Bee Venom

ingredient Pharmacological Operations Merittin Cytolytic activity (white blood cells, mast cells, lysosomes, mitochondria), anti-inflammatory, immune Apamin Neuralgia relief, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, immune, neurotoxic MCD-peptide 401 Anti-inflammatory action Adorapin Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic Protease inhibitor Protein and ester dissolution inhibitory effect, anti-inflammatory action Secapin Hypothermia, sedation Tertiapin Degranulation of mast cells Procarmine (procamine A, B) Related to radiation protection Hyaluronidase Histolytic activity, antigenic component Phospholipase A ₂ (phospholipase A ₂₎ Destructive, Hemolytic, and Catalytic Activity of Cell Tissues Alpha-glucosidase Antibody Role Enhancement Acid phosphomonoesterase Antibody Role Enhancement Lysophospholipase Inhibition of Phospholipase A ₂ Action Histamine Blood pressure strengthening, intestinal contraction Dopamine Neurotransmitter

As mentioned above, because of the excellent pharmacological treatment and immune function of bee venom in mammals in vivo, the present invention intends to easily inject live bee venom according to the disease and to shorten the treatment time.

On the other hand, the injection dose of the live bee venom can be determined in the case of the extracted dry bee venom, but it is difficult to accurately measure the injection amount of the live bee venom injected directly into the body tissue of the animal by live bees. Therefore, in the present invention, the input amount of the live bee venom solution is determined based on the number of procedures based on the average live bee venom solution amount of 0.03 mg per worker bee.

According to Christopher Kim (1992), the number of live bee venom injections for humans weighing 70 kg is limited to a maximum of 20 animals per day. Becomes Animals have a shorter lifespan than humans and have a low resistance to various drugs, so they are considered to have a high therapeutic and preventive effect even if a small amount of live bee venom is injected.

For the treatment of live bee venom, it is necessary to first select and collect bee for live bee venom therapy. There are many varieties of honeybees from all over the world. The breeds of honeybees in our country are Asian (native) and Italian honeybees, most of which are Italian honeybees. Conventional honeybees can be used for the treatment, but the breeding environmental conditions are more demanding than Italian species, and their environmental adaptability is weakened, thereby decreasing their popularity. On the other hand, Italian honey bees have high popularity, easy management, and high breeding ability, so that they can be sufficiently used for farming in farming. In addition, it is highly adaptable to the domestic environment, adapts well even when the breeding place is moved, and it is safe to manage due to its weakness. In addition, they are milder than conventional species and have higher wintering capacity. Therefore, in the present invention, live bee venom therapy is performed using Italian species bees.

There are three kinds of Italian honey bees: queen bee, drone, and worker bees. Queen bees have poison sacs and bee stings, but there is only one bird in the group of rods. Worker bees continue to breed from spring to autumn, and the number of worker bees per group of beekeepers (10 groups) is approximately 20,000, and there are poisonous and bee stings that can be easily captured. .

Among worker bees, there is a difference in bee venom storage, so when selecting worker bees to be used for treatment, use them externally. The bee for injecting live bee venom is preferably used to capture only mature worker bees 15 days of age or older after discharge. This is because mature worker bees more than 15 days old after the release have a strong bee sting and good bee venom injection, and a lot of bee venom is injected. In worker bees over 15 days of age, about 0.02 to 0.04 mg (average 0.03 mg) of live bee venom is stored in the venom sac. When stimulated, the vitreous sac is contracted by neural action and the live bee venom is secreted to the outside through the bee sting. After 17 days of age, the production of bee venom almost ceased and the weight of the venom sac remained unchanged.

Among the worker bees for treatment, the external features of the bong are relatively large, with no hair and gloss in the head, chest and abdomen. The overall body color is dark black brown, and the nature is sensitive to external stimuli, so the attack is strong. The more the bee sting, the stronger the bee sting, so the bee venom and bee sting are well penetrated into body tissues.

For the treatment of live bee venom, worker bees must be caught at least 15 days of age. The lifespan of worker bees is not constant and varies depending on the season and labor force. In the spring and autumn, the worker's activity reaches a maximum in the period of large milking, so it has a life span of 1 to 2 months, and in July to August in the cold season, it is a life span of 1 month as a metabolism promotion for temperature control. Winter worker bees live for about 4 to 6 months because of their low physical consumption.

When capturing surgical rods, a dedicated tweezers and a portable beekeeper are needed. The tweezers use sharp and strong tips. In addition, the beekeeper is a small transparent plastic box about 11 cm wide, 5 cm high, and 6 cm high. All other parts except the bottom are made of air windows that allow air to pass through. The beekeeping box holds about 250 Italian bees, and the bottom has a feeding container for food. If the bubble bee sugar is put into the feeding container, worker bees use it as food, so if food does not fall in the beekeeper, worker bees can survive for about 10 to 20 days. The survival of bees is possible without supplying water within the mobile beekeeper.

Tips for capturing surgical rods vary from season to season.

First, in the season when worker bees are not active outside (from late autumn to early spring), be sure to use the tweezers for thighs with care as long as possible to prevent the static state of the buds in the Bonggun from changing into dynamic. Capture raw rods. In more detail, there is a method of quietly opening a portion of a beekeeper's lid and holding a bee's leg with tweezers when capturing a raw bee and placing it on a surgical rod.

Second, when there are not many bees that act in front of the rumors early in the morning or just before sunset, the worker bees quietly deviate left or right around the front of the beekeeper and then use the prepared tweezers. When the worker's entry and exit is active by holding the leg and paying attention to the surgical rod and the rumors of the rod (from April to November, when the bee's activity is active), put the bubble stool in the surgical rod for food. After removing the rubber band for a moment, open the door of the procedure bar about 1/2 to 3/4 and place the surgical bar open in slow motion perpendicular to the bar. After 10 to 20 minutes in this state, about 50 to 300 worker bees enter the procedure rod without any impact.

As mentioned above, the tweezers should always be grasped when catching worker bees directly. Workers can survive long periods of time without physical damage (more than 20 days). If you capture the abdomen, head and chest with tweezers, part of the body tissues are injured, so worker bees are killed in a short time, so the treatment of live bee venom therapy is difficult.

Food is needed to survive the worker bees contained in the surgical rod for a long time, and suitable food is to put the bubble sugar into the surgical rod and store it for more than 10 days. It can be used for bee venom. At this time, liquid high sugar or complete high sugar is liquefied and buried in the body of the bee is blocked because the chest and abdominal pores of the bee will shorten the life span of the bee and will be deadly dead.

On the other hand, worker bees are exposed to temperatures below 5 ℃, viability is lowered due to low temperature shock, beekeepers should always keep above 5 ℃. In particular, if you do raw bee venom injection at sub-zero temperatures in winter, warmth is essential. Worker bees trapped on surgical rods during hot summer weather must be stored in direct sunlight to survive for a long time. Especially, if you put it in the interior of a hot car in the summer, fatality proceeds quickly. In addition, bees are very vulnerable to pesticides, so when using insecticides such as mosquito repellent or mosquito scent, they should be sequestered and treated.

A rod containing a surgical rod is always placed in an air-tight dark guard net or in a plastic bag not covered with vinyl to inhibit the bee's activity to prolong its life.

The present invention is directed to the treatment of endometritis, which occurs frequently after delivery, with live bee venom. Lin and Panzer (1992) recommend an effective blood level for the genitals of animals (recesses above the anus and under the bone) and leukemia (last). The center of the recessed area in the midline between the lumbar spine and the sacral spinous process) was selected as a bee acupuncture site for injecting live bee venom in the treatment of endometritis.

<Example>

1 is a view showing the bee venous blood spot of live bee venom during endometritis treatment according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a live bee venom therapy is performed on the basis of endometritis bee-streaked blood vessels as shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, a method of injecting live bee venom for treating sow endometritis will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

First, the live bee venom is injected into the main blood acupuncture points, gyojeok (交 巢穴) (10) and white blood (會 穴) blood (20) in accordance with the treatment of endometritis in cows. At this time, the gyopochi 10 is a recessed place under the cow's upper anus, and is the blood that manages genital diseases and digestive diseases of animals. White blood (20) is the central point of the depression sited in the midline between the lumbar spine and the lumbar spinous process, which is also the blood that controls the reproductive function of the animal.

For infusion of live bee venom, first, prepare a surgical rod containing the raw bee, and capture the live bee one by one with tweezers. In other words, open the door of the surgical rod containing the bee and capture the bee with tweezers. At this time, the body of the bee (thoracic or abdomen) is picked up and taken out.

After capturing the raw rods in this way, according to the procedure for the treatment of endometritis according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incidence of bleeding (= FIG. 1) is performed once a day for 5 days in the blood graft 10 and the white blood 20. Directly inject live rods of 3 eggs each.

The direct rod injection method is a procedure in which a raw rod directly removed from a surgical rod with tweezers is directly acupunctured into the affected area. The needle of a straight bee removes only the body of the bee while it is attached to the body. If you leave the bee needle embedded in body tissues, the bee stings and the live action of the bee venom sac is caused by the live bee venom continuously secreted into the body tissues. Stinging needles that penetrate body tissues are spontaneously released after a certain time without artificial removal.

Results and Discussion

In relation to the treatment of endometritis in cows using live bee venom, we examined the effects of disease treatment by classifying them into control group of live bee venom and untreated group. The live bee venom treatment group inoculated 6 bee rods every day for 5 days in a row for 5 days in a cow's glia and white blood cells, and 1 ml of saline solution for 5 days in a control group. Continuous administration to phagocytes and leukemia was performed.

(1) a public animal

The subjects were 27 cows and 27 cows infected with endometritis at the farms in Cheongju-si, Cheongwon-gun and Jincheon-gun, Chungbuk.

(2) blood collection of therapeutic blood levels

Lin and Panzer (1992) recommend blood vessels effective for the genitals of animals (concave in the upper part of the anus and the lower part of the bone) and white blood (the center of the depression in the midline between the lumbar spine and the sacral spine) Blood level detection is performed using an acupoints detector (product name CS-202A) manufactured by Kanaken, Japan.

(3) Selection and administration of raw rods

Italian honeybees (Apis mellifera) bees continue to breed from spring to autumn and maintain approximately 20,000 birds per bee group, as well as stings and bee stings, and are easily captured. Worker bees were selected according to their age because they differed in bee venom storage in the venom sac. That is, mature worker bees that were more than 15 days after their departure were selected because they had strong bee sting and were well injected. The live bee venom struck three bees of live Italian honeybees once a day for five consecutive days in the cage and white blood.

(4) milk vaginal bacteria test

In cattle, the vaginal smear was smeared aseptically using Culturette (Becton Dickinson & Co., MD21030, USA), and the intravaginal bacterial gun was examined using an automatic bacterial identifier (bioMerieux Vitek, WSVTK-R05.04, USA). The separation of bacteria in mixed form was caused by more than 90% of the bacteria.

(5) clinical examination

The body temperature and vaginal secretion period were monitored by visual and rectal examination for five days after drug administration.

(6) Statistical Processing

All the values were calculated with the mean and standard deviation, and then statistically verified by Student's t-test.

result

As shown in Table 3, E. coli, Staphylococcus spp. And Streptococcus in 27 cows diagnosed as uterine or cervical free from uterine vaginal flora of cows infected with endometritis. spp.), Gram-negative bacteria, and so on.

Table 3 Bacteria Detected in Cows Affected by Endometritis

Bacteria Head of cattle percentage(%) E. coli 7 25.9 Staphylococcus spp. 5 18.5 Streptococcus spp. 4 14.8 Gram-negative bacteria 3 11.2 Others 8 29.6 Sum 27 100

As shown in FIG. 2, the body temperature of the bee venom-treated group returned to normal at about 3.2 days, but the control group took about 4.5 days to recover to normal.

In addition, as shown in Table 4, the secretion period of purulent mucus material in the quality of the live bee venom treatment group and the control group was about 3.2 days in the live bee venom treatment group, but the control group was about 4.6 days. Treatment rates of treatment group and control group were 86.7% of live bee venom treatment group, higher than 66.7% of control group.

Table 4 Duration of Purulent Mucus in the Vagina

Experimental group Mucus Secretion Period (day) Fresh bee venom group 3.2 ± 6 Control 4.6 ± 3

Table 5 Treatment Rate of Endometriitis in Raw Bee Venom Treatment Group

Experimental group Head of infection Cured head Treatment rate (%) Fresh bee venom group 15 13 86.7 Control 12 8 66.7

Review

When germs are infected with the genitals, even if the inflammation is not so small, even in the uterus because the bacteria can grow well because of the nutritional and environmental conditions, bacteria grow indefinitely, making the environment in the womb extremely bad. The uterus is sterile in normal conditions because it passes through the sperm and the fertilized egg develops and implants. The highest incidence of cow genital disease is endometritis and is an important cause of infertility. Endometriitis makes the environment of the uterus worse, so it may interfere with fertilization and, even if fertilized, adversely affect the development of the fertilized egg, causing early embryo death or abortion.

E. coli, Streptococcus equisimilis, and Streptococcus (Staphylococcus epidermidis) were isolated alone or in mixed form in the vagina of cows infected with endometritis (Ross et al., 1981; Korudzhiiski et al., 1987). These results were in agreement with the present study.

In addition to bacteriological causes, endometritis in dairy cows has been caused by infertility, fetal death, weak estrus, no estrus, and miscarriage (Hsu, 1983). At the end of labor, decreased levels of vitamin E in sows and milk may increase the incidence of endometritis (Mahan, 1994).

Bee venom therapy has been shown to have various physiological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, sedative and analgesic effects. Bee venom stimulates the pituitary gland and adrenal glands directly and indirectly to secrete cortisol to inhibit inflammation. Zurier, 1973).

Among the bee venom components, melatin (melittin) was found to have strong antibacterial and antifungal action, and the bee venom was applied to 13 gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Ortel and Markwardt, 1955). Melattin has antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria, and bee venom has about 1,000-1,200 times stronger antibacterial activity than penicillin (Steiner et al., 1981), and resistance to penicillin. It was also effective against strains of Staphylococcus aureus strain 80 (Fennell et al., 1967). Among the components of bee venom, melittin completely dissolved gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (Oren and Shai, 1997). The mechanism of antibacterial action is that bee venom peptides have a high affinity for bacterial cell membranes and act as translocations through pores present in the cell membranes (Matsuzaki, 1997).

The glioblastoma (10) is an anatomical nerve ganglion from the spinal cord ganglia and is distributed to each of the internal organs, sympathetic nerve and parasympathetic nerve is distributed in both the acupuncture therapy in stimulation of glioblastomas directly stimulate these nerves (Lin and Rogers, 1980). It is believed that glial stimulation is promoted by the secretion of endogenous opiod peptides, especially endorphins and enkephalins, which not only activate the immune system but also cause complex healing mechanisms such as relaxation of intestinal motility (Hwang and Jenkins, 1988). . The parasympathetic nerves are distributed in the blood, and the pelvic nerves are closely related to the defecation center of the 3-4 spinal cord. It was assumed that the movement of the colon, rectum and internal anal sphincter was controlled (Cho et al., 1998).

According to the results of the study, endometritis infected with bacterial disease was considered to be able to treat the disease by combining anti-bacterial peptides of live bee venom on the treated blood level, and allergic to venom treated with bovine endometritis There were no side effects such as symptoms, bleeding and infection at the needle.

In conclusion, cows affected by endometritis recovered normal body temperature after treatment with live bee venom, shortened the secretion period of purulent exudate, and allergy, bleeding, and infection of acupuncture points during live bee venom therapy. There were no side effects.

As described above, the treatment of endometritis in cows according to the present invention induces natural bee venom to be naturally injected by directing a bee bee sting of a living bee on the bee stings in accordance with the treatment of endometritis in cows. Therefore, the present invention does not use conventional antibiotics to treat endometritis in cows, so resistance to antibiotics and residual accumulation in the body do not occur, resulting in a high therapeutic effect, and animal treatment costs (medical expenses, veterinary expenses). Significant savings can result in very economical, safe and clean meat.

Although described above with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art various modifications and changes to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described in the claims below I can understand that you can.

Claims (3)

Preparing a surgical rod in which the raw rod is accommodated (S1); Capturing live rods one by one with tweezers on the surgical rod (S2); And A method of treating endometritis in cows using live bee venom, comprising the step (S3) of capturing live rods in the blood and acupuncture points (S3), which are the acupuncture points associated with endometritis in cows. The method of claim 1, wherein the live bee is an Italian honey bee and is a mature worker bee at least 15 days of age after discharge. The cow using live bee venom of claim 1 or 2, wherein the step S3 is a step of directly stinging three bees to live and white blood of a bee of a living Italian bee once a day for 5 days in a row. Treatment for endometritis.