KR20030012984A - Process for Preparing Compost Containing Limes - Google Patents

Process for Preparing Compost Containing Limes Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20030012984A
KR20030012984A KR1020010047253A KR20010047253A KR20030012984A KR 20030012984 A KR20030012984 A KR 20030012984A KR 1020010047253 A KR1020010047253 A KR 1020010047253A KR 20010047253 A KR20010047253 A KR 20010047253A KR 20030012984 A KR20030012984 A KR 20030012984A
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waste
compost
reaction
quicklime
cao
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KR1020010047253A
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Korean (ko)
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김용호
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김용호
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
    • C05F1/007—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from derived products of animal origin or their wastes, e.g. leather, dairy products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/40—Treatment of liquids or slurries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A compost having plentiful natural calcium and organics is provided to neutralize acidified soil and improve yield of crops by using quicklime(CaO) and organic waste. CONSTITUTION: The compost is manufactured by the following steps of: (i) mixing 60-65wt.% of quicklime(CaO) with organic waste such as food and animal waste, sewage sludge and animal waste for more than 30min, wherein Ca(OH)2 is formed and heat is generated when CaO absorbs water, expressed by the formula CaO + H2O -->Ca(OH)2 + 15.2kcal/1kgCaO; (ii) adding 10-20wt.% of organic waste, drying water and stabilizing by using reaction heat for 30min; aging for 15days.

Description

생석회를 이용한 퇴비의 제조방법{Process for Preparing Compost Containing Limes}Process for Preparing Compost Containing Limes

본 발명은 생석회를 이용한 퇴비의 제조방법에 관한 것이다. 고알카리성 천연칼슘과 풍부한 유기물에의해 산성 토양의 중화 및 고품질의 작물 수확이 기대되는 우수한 다기능 고급비료인 퇴비의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing compost using quicklime. The present invention relates to a method for producing compost which is an excellent multifunctional high quality fertilizer which is expected to neutralize acidic soils and harvest high quality crops by high alkaline natural calcium and abundant organic matter.

퇴비는 수세기 동안 매우 가치가 있는 토양 첨가제로 여겨져 왔다. 퇴비는 작물의 생장을 증진시킬 뿐만 아니라 토양의 유실을 줄이고, 토양이 단단해지는 것을 경감시키며, 작물의 병원균에 대한 저항성을 높이는 역할을 한다. 퇴비의 이런 점은 건강한 작물 생산을 도울 뿐 아니라 화학비료 및 농약 사용을 줄여 경영비가 절감되고 자연자원을 보전할 수 있다는 측면에서 유용하다. 특히 매년 바람과 비에 의해 농토나 구릉지 토양의 표토가 유실되는데 이렇게 유실된 토양에는 많은 양의 영양분이나 혹은 농약성분등이 함유되어 있어 수생 생태계를 위협할 수 있다. 따라서, 토양의 유실을 막는 것이 수생 생태계를 보호하고, 토양의 질과 생산성을 보전하기 위해 반드시 필요하다.Compost has been considered a valuable soil additive for centuries. Composting not only increases crop growth, but also reduces soil loss, reduces soil hardening, and increases crop resistance to pathogens. This compost benefits not only in helping to produce healthy crops but also in terms of reducing operating costs and conserving natural resources by reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In particular, the topsoil of farmland or hilly soil is lost every year due to wind and rain, and this lost soil contains a large amount of nutrients or pesticides, which can threaten aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, preventing soil loss is essential to protect aquatic ecosystems and to preserve soil quality and productivity.

따라서, 최근 퇴비와 관련된 연구 발표에 의하면, 건축이나 도로건설에서의 토양 유실의 조절을 위해 토양 유실방지제 보다 퇴비가 훨씬 효과적이라는 보고가 있으며, 손상된 잔디를 치유하는데에도 퇴비를 이용하고 있고, 자연 경관을 재조성 하는데에도 퇴비를 많이 이용하고 있다는 보고가 있을 뿐 아니라 퇴비를 사용한 것이 성공적이라는 평가도 받고 있다.Therefore, according to a recent research report on composting, there are reports that composting is much more effective than soil loss preventing agent in controlling soil loss in construction or road construction, and compost is used to heal damaged grass. In addition to the reports that compost is being used a lot for the regeneration, the use of compost has been evaluated as successful.

최근 이러한 퇴비의 중요성으로 인하여 볏짚, 왕겨 등과 같은 농산(農産) 부산물, 톱밥 등과 같은 임산(林産) 부산물, 소, 돼지, 닭 등의 가축 분뇨, 하수오니, 분뇨잔산 등의 도시 폐기물, 사업장 폐기물 등을 원료로 하여 퇴비를 생산하고 있다. 그러나, 이러한 것들은 원료로 한 많은 퇴비 제품이 시중에 유통되고는 있으나, 불량퇴비로 인한 농작물의 피해가 늘고 있을 뿐 아니라 품질 면에서도 부적절 하다는 지적이 대두되고 있어 보다 효율적이고, 다기능을 갖는 고급 비료의 생산이 크게요구되고 있는 실정이다.Recently, due to the importance of compost, agricultural by-products such as rice straw and rice husk, forest by-products such as sawdust, livestock manure such as cattle, pigs and chickens, urban waste such as sewage sludge and manure residual acid, workplace waste, etc. Compost is produced from raw materials. However, these compost products are commercially available in the market, but it is pointed out that not only the damage of crops due to bad compost is increasing but also the quality is inadequate. Production is in great demand.

이에 본 발명은 고알카리성 천연칼슘과 풍부한 유기물에 의해 산성 토양의 중화 및 고품질의 작물 수확이 기대되는 우수한 다기능 고급 비료인 퇴비의 제조방법을 제공하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing compost, which is an excellent multifunctional high-grade fertilizer which is expected to neutralize acidic soils and harvest high-quality crops by high alkaline natural calcium and abundant organic matter.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 방법을 수행하기 위한 퇴비 제조 장치의 개략도.1 is a schematic representation of a compost manufacturing apparatus for carrying out a method according to the invention.

본 발명은 음식물 쓰레기, 도축 폐기물, 하수 슬러지 및 축분 등 각종 유기물 폐기물 약 60 내지 65중량%를 생석회 약 20 내지 30중량%와 약 30분 이상 혼합교반하는 1차 반응을 실시한 후, 추가로상기 유기성 폐기물을 약 10 내지 20중량%를 투입하여 혼합 및 교반하는 2차 반응을 실시하면서 상기 1차 반응에서 자체 발생되는 반응열을 이용하여 약 30분 동안 수분의 건조 및 안정화를 실시한 후 배출하여 완전히 부숙시켜서 되는 퇴비의 제조 방법임을 특징으로 한다.According to the present invention, after the first reaction of stirring about 60 to 65% by weight of various organic wastes, such as food waste, slaughter waste, sewage sludge, and livestock, with about 20 to 30% by weight of quicklime for about 30 minutes or more, While carrying out the secondary reaction of mixing and stirring by adding about 10 to 20% by weight of the waste, drying and stabilizing the water for about 30 minutes using the reaction heat generated in the first reaction, and then discharging it completely, Characterized in that the manufacturing method of being compost.

본 발명의 방법에 의하면, 고알카리성 천연 칼슘과 풍부한 유기물에 의해 산성 토양의 중화 및 고품질의 작물 수확이 기대되는 우수한 다기능 고급 비료의 제조가 가능하다.According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to produce an excellent multifunctional high-grade fertilizer which is expected to neutralize acidic soils and harvest high-quality crops by using highly alkaline natural calcium and rich organic matter.

본 발명의 방법에서 사용하는 유기성 폐기물로서는 음식물 쓰레기, 도축 폐기물, 하수 슬러지 및 축분 등이 있으며, 특히 도축 폐기물 중에서 혈액을 사용할 경우에는 혈액에 함유된 R.루브람 균이 토양 중 각종 미생물의 번식을 왕성하게 하여연작 장애를 방지할 수 있다.Organic wastes used in the method of the present invention include food waste, slaughter waste, sewage sludge, and livestock waste. Especially, when blood is used among the slaughter wastes, the R. rubram bacteria contained in the blood prevent the growth of various microorganisms in the soil. It can be activated to prevent serial disorder .

상기 유기성 폐기물은 사용시 미세하게 가공하여 수분의 함량을 70 내지 85% 정도로 조정하여 사용하는 것이 바람직하며 사용량은 총 처리물의 60 내지 65중량%가 바람직하다.The organic waste is finely processed at the time of use is preferably used to adjust the content of water to about 70 to 85%, the amount is preferably 60 to 65% by weight of the total treatment.

본 발명의 방법에서 사용하게 되는 생석회의 경우 순도 85% 이상이고, 입자 크기가 10 내지 25 ㎜인 괴석 상태의 제품을 선택하여 사용하는 것이 바람직하고, 첨가량은 1차 반응시 총 처리물에 대해 약 20 내지 30중량%, 2차 반응시에는 총 처리물에 대해 10 내지 20중량%를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.In the case of quicklime used in the method of the present invention, it is preferable to select and use a lumped product having a purity of 85% or more and a particle size of 10 to 25 mm, and the amount of addition is about the total treatment in the first reaction. It is preferable to use 20 to 30% by weight, and 10 to 20% by weight based on the total treatment in the second reaction.

상기 생석회는 수분을 흡수하면 급속한 발멸 반응을 일으켜 수산화 칼슘(일명, 소석회)이 되며, 고열을 내게 된다. 이를 반응식으로 나타내면 다음과 같다.When the quicklime absorbs moisture, it causes a rapid extinction reaction, resulting in calcium hydroxide (aka, slaked lime), which gives high heat. This is represented by the following scheme.

CaO ＋ H2O = Ca(OH)2+ 15.2Kcal/1kg CaOCaO + H 2 O = Ca (OH) 2 + 15.2 Kcal / 1 kg CaO

이때, 발생되는 고열로 인하여 수분이 건조됨과 동시에 도축 폐기물 등 유기물에 함유되어 있는 고분자량의 단백질이 일부 분해되어 작물이 흡수하기 쉬운 저분자로 분리되어 안정화된다.At this time, due to the high heat generated, the moisture is dried and at the same time, the high molecular weight protein contained in the organic material such as slaughter waste is partially decomposed and separated and stabilized into low molecules which are easily absorbed by the crop.

이하, 본 발명을 첨부 도면에 의거하여 더욱 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

첨부 도면 중 도 1은 본 발명에 따라 퇴비를 제조하기 위한 장치를 개략적으로 나타낸 시스템이다.1 of the accompanying drawings is a system schematically showing an apparatus for producing compost according to the invention.

먼저, 처리하고자 하는 유기성 폐기물을 수집하여 저장 호퍼(11)에 저장을 하고, 스큐류 콘베이어(12)를 이용해서 혼합 교반기(13)에 투입을 한다. 생석회는 다른 저장 호퍼(도면에 도시하지는 않음)로부터 혼합 교반기(13)에 투입하거나 호이스트를 사용하여 직접 혼합 교반기(13)에 투입할 수도 있다.First, the organic waste to be treated is collected and stored in the storage hopper 11, and then introduced into the mixing stirrer 13 using the skew conveyor 12. Quicklime may be introduced into the mixing stirrer 13 from another storage hopper (not shown in the drawing) or directly into the mixing stirrer 13 using a hoist.

상기 혼합 교반기(13)는 유기성 폐기물과 생석회를 혼합 및 교반하는 장치로서 밀폐형이고, 내부 용량은 작업 현장에 따라 다르게 할 수 있으나, 바람직하기로는 약 5 내지 8㎥ 정도이면 좋으며, 1차 반응시 유기성 폐기물과 생석회를 투입할때는 교반기 용량을 기준으로 약 55 내지 60% 정도로 투입하는 것이 좋고, 2차 반응시에는 약 20% 정도로 투입하는 것이 교반기의 운용에 적합하다. 그리고, 내부 측은 교반 성능이 우수한 패들형으로 축에 여러개의 블래드를 부착하여 회전시키면 혼합이 원할하게 되어 혼합효과를 극대화할 수 있다.The mixing stirrer 13 is a closed type device for mixing and stirring organic waste and quicklime, and the internal capacity may vary depending on the work site, preferably about 5 to 8 ㎥, and organic in the first reaction. When the waste and quicklime are added, it is preferable to add about 55 to 60% based on the capacity of the stirrer, and about 20% in the second reaction is suitable for the operation of the stirrer. In addition, the inner side is a paddle type with excellent stirring performance, and by attaching and rotating a plurality of blades on the shaft, the mixing becomes smooth and maximizes the mixing effect.

상기 혼합 교반기(13)에서 유기성 폐기물과 생석회를 혼합 및 교반시키게 되In the mixing stirrer 13 to mix and stir the organic waste and quicklime

면 10 내지 15분 내에 반응 온도가 초기에 100 내지 130℃로 상승하게 된다. 이 상태를 약 30분간 유지(1차 반응)한 후 유기물이 풍부한 원료를 추가로 투입하고 다시 혼합 반응(2차 반응)을 시키게 되면 온도가 서서히 낮아지게 되면서 약 30분이 추가로 경과한 후에는 온도가 약 30 내지 40℃로 된다.Within 10 to 15 minutes of cotton, the reaction temperature initially rises to 100 to 130 ° C. If this state is maintained for about 30 minutes (first reaction), then additional raw materials rich in organic matter are added and mixed reaction (secondary reaction) is carried out again, and the temperature is gradually lowered. Is about 30 to 40 ° C.

이때 교반을 중지하고, 반응물을 배출 콘베이어(15)를 통해서 배출시키면 원하는부산물 비료가 얻어지게 되고, 이 배출된 부산물 퇴비를 약 15일간 숙성 안정화시킨 후에 포장하면 본 발명에서 원하는 제품화된 퇴비를 생산할 수 았다.At this time, the stirring is stopped, and the reaction product is discharged through the discharge conveyor 15 to obtain the desired by-product fertilizer. The discharged by-product compost is aged for about 15 days and then packaged to produce the desired composted product in the present invention. It was.

한편, 도 1 중에서 상기 혼합 교반기(13)의 정상부에 표시된 부호 14는 유기성 폐기물과 생석회의 혼합시 발생되는 배기 가스를 배출시키기 위한 배출구이다.In FIG. 1, reference numeral 14 indicated at the top of the mixing stirrer 13 is a discharge port for discharging the exhaust gas generated when mixing the organic waste and quicklime.

본 발명의 방법에 의해 제조된 퇴비는 고열과 알카리의 영향으로 세균이 사멸되며, 작물의 흡수가 용이한 저분자로서 안정화되어 있다. 또, 고알칼리성 가용성 칼슘과 유기물이 풍부하여 산성 토양의 중화 및 작물의 성장에 도움을 주게 된다.The compost produced by the method of the present invention is stabilized as a low molecule that is easily killed by bacteria due to the effects of high heat and alkali. In addition, it is rich in highly alkaline soluble calcium and organics, which helps neutralize acidic soils and grow crops.

특히, 본 발명의 퇴비는 알칼리 함량이 높아 토양을 중화시키고, 별도로석회 시비를 하지 않아도 산성 토양이 교정되게 되며, 보수력, 보비력, 통기성, 이온치환 능력이 극대화될 뿐 아니라 토양의 입단화도 촉진시킬 수 있는 효과가 있다.In particular, the compost of the present invention has a high alkali content to neutralize the soil, and the acidic soil is corrected even without the application of lime, fertilization, water retention, breathability, ion replacement capacity can be maximized, as well as promote soil granulation. It has an effect.

Claims (1)

음식물 쓰레기, 도축 폐기물, 하수 슬러지 및 축분 등 각종 유기물 폐기물 약 60 내지 65중량%를 생석회 약 20 내지 30중량%와 약 30분 이상 혼합 및 교반 하는 1차 반응을 실시한 후, 추가로 상기 유기성 폐기물을 약 10 내지 20중량%를 투입하여 혼합 및 교반하는 2차 반응을 실시하면서 상기 1차 반응에서 자체 발생되는 반응열을 이용하여 약 30분 동안 수분의 건조 및 안정화를 실시한 후 배출하여 완전히 부숙시켜서 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 생석회를 이용한 퇴비의 제조 방법.After carrying out the first reaction of mixing and stirring about 60 to 65% by weight of various organic wastes such as food waste, slaughter waste, sewage sludge and animal waste with about 20 to 30% by weight of quicklime for about 30 minutes or more, the organic waste is further While the secondary reaction of mixing and stirring by adding about 10 to 20% by weight, drying and stabilizing water for about 30 minutes using the heat of reaction generated in the first reaction, it is discharged and then completely matured. A method for producing compost using quicklime.
KR1020010047253A 2001-08-06 2001-08-06 Process for Preparing Compost Containing Limes KR20030012984A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020023724A (en) * 2001-12-12 2002-03-29 안상은 Lime organic fertilizer with a dust foods.
PL442501A1 (en) * 2022-10-12 2024-04-15 Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny W Szczecinie Method of producing soil improver by using third category catering waste containing animal protein
PL442500A1 (en) * 2022-10-12 2024-04-15 Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny W Szczecinie Method of producing soil improver based on third category catering waste containing animal protein

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR970010709A (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-03-27 양경선 Method for preparing calcium fertilizer using waste organic matter
KR19980014417A (en) * 1996-08-08 1998-05-25 양대윤 Preparation of Calcium Nutrient Fertilizer Using Mixed Feed
KR19980066353A (en) * 1997-01-20 1998-10-15 조경래 Inorganic fertilizer prepared by using food waste and quicklime and inorganic fertilizer manufactured by copper production
JPH1190497A (en) * 1997-09-25 1999-04-06 Toshiba Mach Co Ltd Method for treatment of organic sludge
KR20020005804A (en) * 2000-07-10 2002-01-18 양경선 Manufacturing method of fertilizer made from organic wastes

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR970010709A (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-03-27 양경선 Method for preparing calcium fertilizer using waste organic matter
KR19980014417A (en) * 1996-08-08 1998-05-25 양대윤 Preparation of Calcium Nutrient Fertilizer Using Mixed Feed
KR19980066353A (en) * 1997-01-20 1998-10-15 조경래 Inorganic fertilizer prepared by using food waste and quicklime and inorganic fertilizer manufactured by copper production
JPH1190497A (en) * 1997-09-25 1999-04-06 Toshiba Mach Co Ltd Method for treatment of organic sludge
KR20020005804A (en) * 2000-07-10 2002-01-18 양경선 Manufacturing method of fertilizer made from organic wastes

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20020023724A (en) * 2001-12-12 2002-03-29 안상은 Lime organic fertilizer with a dust foods.
PL442501A1 (en) * 2022-10-12 2024-04-15 Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny W Szczecinie Method of producing soil improver by using third category catering waste containing animal protein
PL442500A1 (en) * 2022-10-12 2024-04-15 Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny W Szczecinie Method of producing soil improver based on third category catering waste containing animal protein

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