KR20030005050A - Fuel additive and fuel composition containing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A fuel additive and a fuel composition including the same are provided to improve acceleration reaction and driving property of an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine by adding an alkylene oxide added hydrocarbyl amide to a hydrocarbon-based auto fuel. CONSTITUTION: A fuel additive contains alkylene oxide added hydrocarbyl amide having a hydrocarbyl amide to alkylene oxide molar ratio 3 to 50. A fuel composition contains much hydrocarbon boiling in the gasoline boiling range or diesel boiling range, and the alkylene oxide added hydrocarbyl amide having a hydrocarbyl amide to alkylene oxide molar ratio 3 to 50, 10 ppm weight to 10,000 ppm weight per fuel 1 weight.

Description

FUEL ADDITIVE AND FUEL COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to fuel additives containing alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amides. The present invention also relates to the use of the fuel additives added to hydrocarbon-based fuels, such as gasoline fuels or diesel fuels, for improving the acceleration reactions and operating performance of internal combustion engines such as gasoline engines or diesel engines.

Various types of oxygen-containing additives for hydrocarbon-based fuels have been investigated in order to increase the engine power and acceleration response of spark ignition engines for automobiles. Such hydrocarbon-based fuels include alcohols (eg methanol and ethanol), ethers (eg methyl-t-butyl ether), and ketones (eg acetone). In addition, the use of additives such as hydrazine or nitric acid compounds (eg, nitromethane, or nitrobenzene, including nitropropane and nitroparaffin) has been tested for use in racing cars. However, such additives often have the problem of adversely affecting the durability of the engine and its accessories.

In addition to aromatic amine compounds (e.g., aniline, monomethyl aniline, or dimethyl aniline), organometallic compounds (e.g., tetraethyl lead or similar lead alkyl: ferrocene, methyl cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl) are anti- It is already known that it can be used as an anti-kocking agent. However, it is also already known that such compounds significantly reduce the operating efficiency of three-way catalysts due to catalyst poisoning.

Japanese Patent Application No. 1983-104996 (corresponding patent of U.S. Patent No. 4,409,000) is an automotive fuel additive of alkyl amines or ethylene oxide-added alkenyl amines added to automotive fuels to clean carburetors and engines. Uses are disclosed.

EP 0869163 A1 reports that the addition of N, N-bis (hydroxyalkyl) alkyl amines to gasoline can reduce friction in gasoline engines.

PCT Patent Publication No. 2001-502374 (WO-98 / 17746) discloses engine performance and water solubility by adding fatty acid diethanol amide, fatty acid ethoxylate and alcohol ethoxylate to liquid fuels such as gasoline fuel or diesel fuel. It is disclosed that (solubility in water) can be improved.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems and at the same time improve the performance of the fuel and engine, the object of the present invention is to provide a fuel additive containing an alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide (hydrocarbyl amide) It is.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel composition containing the fuel additive of the present invention.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating an automobile engine using the fuel composition of the present invention.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the acceleration performance of a gasoline automobile engine using the fuel additive of the present invention.

The present invention relates to fuel additives containing alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amides. The present invention also relates to the use of hydrocarbon-based fuel additives such as gasoline fuel or diesel fuel in which the acceleration reaction and operation performance of internal combustion engines such as gasoline or diesel engines are improved.

In the broadest aspect, the present invention relates to fuel additives containing alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amides containing from 3 to 50 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide.

The present invention also relates to a fuel composition containing a large amount of hydrocarbons boiling in a gasoline boiling range or a diesel boiling range and a fuel additive according to the present invention in an amount of 10 to 10,000 ppm per weight of fuel.

The present invention also relates to a method for operating an automobile engine using the fuel composition of the present invention.

The present invention also relates to a method for improving the acceleration performance of a gasoline automobile engine comprising the step of adding the fuel additive of the present invention to gasoline and operating the engine using the added gasoline.

In addition, the present invention is useful in the fact that certain alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amides are very useful for improving the acceleration reaction and operating performance of an internal combustion engine when used as a fuel additive in hydrocarbon-based fuels such as gasoline or diesel fuels. Invented on the basis of

As described above, the present invention relates to fuel additives containing alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amides and the use of such fuel additives in addition to hydrocarbon-based fuels such as gasoline fuels or diesel fuels.

Before describing the present invention in detail, terms used in the present invention are defined as follows, unless otherwise specified, these terms have the following meanings.

Justice

"Hydrocarbyl" is an organic radical which mainly contains carbon and hydrogen, which are aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic or combinations thereof, for example aral It may be aralkyl or alkaryl. In addition, such hydrocarbyl groups may include aliphatic unsaturation, ie olefin or acetylene unsaturation, and may include small amounts of heteroatoms such as oxygen or nitrogen or small amounts of halogen such as chlorides. In addition, when used in combination with carboxylic fatty acids, hydrocarbyl may include olefinic unsaturation.

"Alkyl" means both straight and branched chain alkyl groups.

"Lower alkyl" means an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and includes primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl groups. Common lower alkyl groups include, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl and the like.

"Alkenyl" means an alkyl group having a degree of unsaturation.

"Alkylene oxide" means a compound having the structure

In the above structural formula, R ₁ and R ₂ are each independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

"Fuel" or "hydrocarbon-based fuel" means normal liquid hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline fuel range and the diesel fuel range.

As the broadest aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an alkylene oxide having an alkylene oxide of 3 to 50 moles, preferably 3 to 20 moles, more preferably 4 to 15 moles per mole of hydrocarbyl amide- Fuel additives containing added hydrocarbyl amide.

The alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide of the present invention is an alkyl amide having 4 to 75 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or 4 to 75 carbon atoms having one or more unsaturated bonds, It is preferably derived from alkenyl amides having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. Examples of preferred alkyl amides suitable for the present invention include, but are not limited to, octyl amides (capryl amides), nonyl amides, decyl amides (caprin amides). ), Undecyl amide, dodecyl amide (lauryl amide), tridecyl amide, tetradecyl amide (myristyl amide), pentadecyl ) Amides, hexadecyl amides (palmityl amides), heptadecyl amides, octadecyl amides (stearyl amides), nonadecyl amides, and icosyl ( eicosyl) amides (alkyl amides), or docosyl amides (behenyl amides) and the like.

Examples of preferred alkenyl amides of the present invention include, but are not limited to, palmitooolein amides, oleyl amides, isooleyl amides, eliidyl amides, lis Linolyl amides, linoleyl amides, and the like. Alkyl or alkenyl amides are preferred coconut oil fatty acid amides.

The alkylene oxide added to the hydrocarbyl amide of the present invention is derived from an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. The alkylene oxide is preferably selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and pentylene oxide. Ethylene oxide and propylene oxide are particularly preferred. Also preferred is a mixture of alkylene oxides. For example, a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide can be used to prepare the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide of the present invention. In the case of the mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may be mixed and used in a molar ratio of 1: 5 to 5: 1.

The number of moles of alkylene oxide added to the hydrocarbyl amide is preferably from 3 to 50 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide. More preferred is 3 to 20 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide. Most preferred are also 4 to 15 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide.

The alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide is preferably derived through alkylene oxide addition reaction of coconut oil fatty acid amide with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. However, the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amides useful as the fuel additive of the present invention may be mixed products of alkylene oxides having various moles and different molar numbers, and may be added to various types of hydrocarbyl amides.

The present invention provides a method of operating a motor vehicle equipped with a gasoline engine operated with the fuel composition of the present invention. A method of operating a gasoline engine vehicle includes 3 to 20 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide, wherein the alkylene oxide is selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, pentylene oxide or mixtures thereof. It is preferred to operate with the fuel composition characterized in that it is selected.

The present invention also provides a method of improving the driving performance and acceleration performance of an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine for automobiles using the fuel additive described herein.

The fuel additive of the present invention is added to low boiling fuels based on hydrocarbons such as gasoline to improve the acceleration performance of the internal combustion engine, and also to other hydrocarbon-based fuels such as diesel fuel, alcohol fuel or ether fuel, to drive performance. To improve. A method for improving the acceleration performance of an automobile gasoline engine contains 3 to 20 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide, wherein the alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, pentylene oxide or its It is preferred to improve the fuel additive by adding it to the fuel, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of mixtures.

The fuel additive of the present invention added to the hydrocarbon-based fuel is preferably added to the fuel in the range of 10 ppm weight to 10,000 ppm weight (active ingredient ratio) per weight of fuel. In addition, it is more preferable to add in the range of 10 ppm weight to 5,000 ppm weight per weight of fuel, and most preferably in the range of 10 ppm weight to 1,000 ppm weight per weight of fuel.

The fuel additive of the present invention is generally supplied in the form of an organic solvent solution having an effective amount of at least 30% by weight relative to the total amount of the fuel additive and the organic solvent solution.

The method of adding the fuel additive of the present invention to the hydrocarbon-based fuel is not particularly limited, but may be prepared as a concentrated fuel additive product containing 30% by weight or more of the active ingredient. Such products can be added to the fuel using a variety of methods, including those added to the fuel tank of a gas station or into the fuel tank of a transport vehicle.

In addition, the fuel additive of the present invention may be combined with one, two, or more of the other known fuel additives known to be used in hydrocarbon-based fuels. Such additives include, but are not limited to, deposit control additives, such as detergents or dispersants, corrosion inhibitors, oxidation inhibitors, metal deactivators, etc. (metal deactivators), emulsion demulsifiers, static electricity preventing agents, anti-coagulation agents, anti-knock agents, oxygenates, flow enhancers improvers, pour point depressants, cetane improvers and auxiliary-solution agents.

Example

The invention will be described in more detail through the following examples which illustrate embodiments relating to particularly advantageous methods. The following examples are provided to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to be limiting. The invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments, which are intended for the purpose of including various modifications and permutations that can be readily made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. have.

Example 1

The Toyota Camry 1800cc, 5MT (E-SV40 model with knocking sensor, 4S-FE engine model) with chassis dynamometer was driven at a constant speed of 20 km / hr. Acceleration measurements were initiated by measuring the time it took for the vehicle to reach 110 km / hr with the throttle fully open and the transmission fixed to the fourth gear. This measurement was repeated 10 times using the same fuel, and the median value calculated from the repeated measurements was defined as the acceleration time period. In addition, in order to minimize the influence of the ambient conditions (temperature, pressure, etc.) on the engine performance, the entire test procedure was conducted during the day.

The used gasoline has the following characteristics: density (15 ° C.): 0.7389 g / cm ³ , Reid vapor pressure: 60.5 Kpa, octane number: 90.2 (RON), 82.3 (MON), aromatic compound: 29.9 volume %, Olefin: 15.6 vol%, 10% distillation temperature: 50.0 ° C, 50% distillation temperature: 92.0 ° C, 90% distillation temperature: 169.5 ° C. The fuel composition was adjusted by adding 100 mg / L of 5 mole oleyl amide-ethylene oxide (fuel additive) to the gasoline.

Thereafter, the gasoline containing the fuel additive described above and the gasoline without the fuel additive were tested according to the test method described above. Table 1 shows the test results.

Test fuel oil Acceleration time period (20-110 km / hour) Gasoline without Additives (Comparative Example) 24.91 seconds Fuel Composition with Additives 24.69 seconds

From the results of the different acceleration time periods shown in Table 1, it can be clearly seen that the fuel additive of the present invention was added to the fuel to improve the acceleration performance of the engine. As can be seen from Table 1, there is no significant difference (1% or less) between the acceleration time cycle result using the fuel additive-added fuel of the present invention and the result of the comparative example, but a vehicle requiring a high speed such as a racing car This difference in meaning is very important. In addition to the importance of acceleration in a racing car, it is very important to improve such acceleration performance even in a vehicle driving on a general road that requires rapid acceleration to avoid a traffic accident that occurs momentarily. Can be.

Example 2

To prepare a fuel composition containing a fuel additive, 4 mol of propylene oxide added coconut oil fatty acid diethanol amide (fuel additive) was added to the gasoline at a concentration of 100 mg / L. Using the fuel composition thus prepared was tested according to the method of Example 1.

Thereafter, the gasoline-containing fuel additive and the gasoline without the fuel additive added were subjected to an accelerated evaluation test according to the test method described in Example 1. The test results thereof are shown in Table 2.

Test fuel oil Acceleration time period (20-110 km / hour) Gasoline without Additives (Comparative Example) 24.51 seconds Fuel Composition with Additives 24.38 seconds

From the results in Table 2, it can be clearly seen that the acceleration performance of the engine is improved when the fuel additive of the present invention is added to the fuel.

Example 3

To prepare a fuel composition containing a fuel additive, 10 mol of propylene oxide added coconut oil fatty acid diethanol amide (fuel additive) was added to the gasoline at a concentration of 100 mg / L. Using the fuel composition thus prepared was tested according to the method of Example 1.

Thereafter, the gasoline-containing fuel additive and the gasoline without the fuel additive described above were tested according to the test method described in Example 1. The test results thereof are shown in Table 3.

Test fuel oil Acceleration time period (20-110 km / hour) Gasoline without Additives (Comparative Example) 24.85 seconds Fuel Composition with Additives 24.74 seconds

From the results in Table 3, it can be clearly seen that the acceleration performance of the engine is improved when the fuel additive of the present invention is added to the fuel.

Example 4

A fuel composition was prepared by adding coconut oil fatty acid diethanol amide (fuel additive) with 4 moles of propylene oxide and 2 moles of ethylene oxide to a gasoline having the following characteristics at a concentration of 100 mg / L: Density (15 ℃): 0.7303 g / cm ³ , lead vapor pressure: 60.2 Kpa, octane number: 92.1 (RON), aromatics: 23.19 vol%, olefin: 19 vol%, 10% distillation temperature: 54.3 ° C, 50% distillation temperature: 86.2 ℃, 90% distillation temperature: 158.1 ℃. Using the fuel composition thus prepared was tested according to the method of Example 1.

Thereafter, the gasoline-containing fuel additive and the gasoline without the fuel additive described above were tested according to the test method described in Example 1. The test results thereof are shown in Table 4.

Test fuel oil Acceleration time period (20-110 km / hour) Gasoline without Additives (Comparative Example) 23.96 seconds Fuel Composition with Additives 23.75 seconds

Another test was conducted according to the method described in Example 1 using an EF sonata of a 1,800 cc engine with a manual transmission as the test vehicle. The throttle was opened to the maximum and the transmission fixed to the third gear. Acceleration measurements were initiated by measuring the time taken to reach a vehicle speed of 110 km / hr in the state.

The gasoline and test fuel additive compositions used are the same as previously described herein. The results are shown in Table 5.

Test fuel oil Acceleration time period (30-110 km / hour) Gasoline without Additives (Comparative Example) 17.27 seconds Fuel Composition with Additives 17.08 seconds

In addition, the road driving acceleration test was conducted in a straight lane located at the Korea Automotive Technology Institute. The test was carried out using an 800cc Matiz with manual transmission as the test vehicle. Acceleration time was measured at a speed of 30 km / hr to 90 km / hr in a third gear using a VERICOM 2000 accelerometer. The gasoline and test fuel additive compositions used are the same as previously described herein. The results are shown in Table 6.

Road driving acceleration test Test fuel oil Acceleration time period (30-90 km / hour) Gasoline without Additives (Comparative Example) 17.22 seconds Fuel Composition with Additives 16.66 seconds

In addition, another road acceleration test was conducted at a straight lane located at the Korea Automotive Technology Institute. Testing was performed using a Sonata II of 1,800cc engine with a manual transmission and sepia of a 1,500cc engine as test vehicles. Acceleration time was measured at a speed of 30 km / hr to 100 km / hr in a third gear using a VERICOM 2000 accelerometer. The gasoline and test fuel additive compositions used are the same as previously described herein. The results are shown in Tables 7 and 8.

Road acceleration test-Sonata II Test fuel oil Acceleration time period (30-100 km / hour) Gasoline without Additives (Comparative Example) 17.88 seconds Fuel Composition with Additives 17.57 seconds

Road Acceleration Test-Sepia Test fuel oil Acceleration time period (30-90 km / hour) Gasoline without Additives (Comparative Example) 16.88 seconds Fuel Composition with Additives 16.50 seconds

From the results of Tables 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, it can be clearly seen that the acceleration performance of the engine is improved when the fuel additive of the present invention is added to the fuel.

By adding the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide, a fuel additive of the present invention, to a hydrocarbon-based automobile fuel such as gasoline fuel or diesel fuel, it is possible to improve the acceleration reaction and operation performance of an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine. You can.

Claims (24)

A fuel additive containing an alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide containing from 3 to 50 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide. The fuel additive of claim 1, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide contains 3 to 20 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide. 3. The fuel additive of claim 2, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide contains 4 to 15 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide. The fuel additive of claim 1, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide is derived from an alkyl or alkenyl amide having from 4 to 75 carbon atoms. 5. The fuel additive of claim 4, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide is derived from an alkyl or alkenyl amide having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. 6. The fuel additive of claim 5, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl amide is coconut oil fatty acid amide. The fuel additive of claim 1, wherein the alkylene oxide is selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, pentylene oxide or mixtures thereof. 8. The fuel additive of claim 7, wherein the alkylene oxide is selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or mixtures thereof. The fuel additive of claim 1, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide is derived through an alkylene oxide addition reaction of coconut oil fatty acid amide with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. 10 ppm to 10,000 alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amides containing from 3 to 50 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide and a large amount of hydrocarbons boiling in the gasoline or diesel boiling range. Fuel composition for automobile fuel containing in ppm weight. The fuel composition according to claim 10, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide contains 3 to 20 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide. The fuel composition according to claim 10, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide contains 4 to 15 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide. A fuel composition according to claim 10, wherein said alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide is derived from an alkyl or alkenyl amide having 4 to 75 carbon atoms. 14. A fuel composition according to claim 13, wherein said alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide is derived from alkyl or alkenyl amides having 8 to 22 carbon atoms. 15. The fuel composition of claim 14, wherein the alkyl or alkenyl amide is coconut oil fatty acid amide. The fuel composition according to claim 10, wherein the alkylene oxide is selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, pentylene oxide or mixtures thereof. 17. The fuel composition according to claim 16, wherein the alkylene oxide is selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or mixtures thereof. The fuel composition according to claim 10, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide is derived through an alkylene oxide addition reaction of coconut oil fatty acid amide with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. The fuel composition according to claim 10, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide is contained in an amount of 10 ppm to 5,000 ppm by weight per fuel. 20. The fuel composition of claim 19, wherein the alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide is contained in an amount of 10 ppm to 1,000 ppm by weight per fuel. A method of operating a gasoline automotive engine comprising operating the engine using the fuel composition according to claim 10. The fuel composition of claim 21, wherein the fuel composition contains an alkylene oxide-added hydrocarbyl amide containing 3 to 20 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide, wherein the alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, A method of operating a gasoline automobile engine, characterized in that it is selected from the group consisting of butylene oxide, pentylene oxide or mixtures thereof. A method for improving the acceleration performance of a gasoline motor vehicle engine comprising adding the fuel additive of claim 1 to the gasoline and operating the gasoline motor engine using the gasoline. 24. The fuel additive of claim 23, wherein the fuel additive contains 3 to 20 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of hydrocarbyl amide, and the alkylene oxide is ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, pentylene oxide or mixtures thereof. Method for improving the acceleration performance of a gasoline vehicle engine, characterized in that selected from the group consisting of.