KR200235880Y1 - Roller bearing auto-tester - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bearing tester, and more particularly, to a rolling bearing automatic tester which can determine whether the rolling bearings pass or fail by analyzing vibrations and sounds generated by rotating rolling bearings. In Bar,

In constructing an automatic tester for rolling bearings using an andrometer, an air bearing (2) equipped with air spindles (21) and a measurement bearing (A) are mounted on the bottom of the air spindles (21) of the air bearing (2). The load arbor 6 attached to the arbor 6, the lower end of the air bearing 2, and the lower end of the arbor 6 to which the measurement bearing A is attached, are in close contact with the load arbor 6, and the upper end of the load arbor 3 Andron meter (1) and the body (5) on one side to receive the measurement signal of the measurement bearing (A) from the sensor (11) and the sensor (11) of the load load section 3, which is installed in the It is characterized by consisting of a chute 7 which is formed so that the defective product whose measurement is completed is separately collected by the transfer device unit 4.

Description

Rolling Bearing Automatic Tester {ROLLER BEARING AUTO-TESTER}

The present invention relates to a bearing tester, and more particularly, to a rolling bearing automatic tester which can determine whether the rolling bearing is passed or failed by analyzing vibration and sound generated by rotating the rolling bearing. .

As mechanical civilization develops, bearings, which are one of the key components of the mechanical sliding surface, are becoming more complicated and important.

The bearing is an important component that supports the load on the rotating shaft of the mechanical sliding part and the weight of the rotating shaft itself and at the same time maintains the movement of the rotating shaft precisely. Inspection is very important.

If an error occurs in the test, the machine-driven system using it will cause unexpected failures and breakdowns during operation, resulting in loss of life and property damage and damage.

Therefore, bearing manufacturers and production sites using them require accurate bearing test inspections before use in mechanical drive systems.

Bearings currently used in mechanical drive systems can be broadly divided into sliding bearings and rolling bearings. In the selection of these two types of bearings, they are determined by comparing and examining various characteristics of both.

Rolling bearings are currently being used more and more because of their versatility than sliding bearings due to the economic characteristics of international standards, compatibility and mass production.

Rolling bearings can be divided into radial bearings with radial loads and thrust bearings with axial loads, and radial bearings are divided into deep groove ball bearings, angular bearings, cylindrical and needle roller bearings, and thrust bearings with ball and self-aligning bearings. Roller bearings are generally used mainly in mechanical systems such as machine tools and industrial machines.

However, the vibration and sound generated when using these rolling bearings are one of the important factors that determine the performance of rolling bearings. The cause of the rolling bearing sound is vibration, and the vibration is converted phenomenologically.

Therefore, the vibration and sound of the rolling bearings are closely related to each other, so the two are often expressed together. The vibration and the sound of the rolling bearings are as follows.

end. The tone of the race

The sound of the race is a soft sound produced when the rolling element rolls the track surface, which is the original sound of rolling bearings produced in all rolling bearings.

The source of this sound is vibration with natural vibrations associated with the outer ring.

That is, the axial natural vibration of the outer ring mass system, the natural vibration in each direction of the outer ring inertia moment system, and the bending natural vibration of the outer ring.

The cause of race sound is due to irregular circumferential undulations or roughness on the raceway surface of the inner ring, the outer ring, or the raceway of the rolling element.

When the rolling elements revolve, a small periodic change occurs in the springs of the contact portion between each rolling element and the raceway wheel, which gives the outer ring a forced vibration force and generates natural vibrations related to the outer rings as described above.

I. Retainer well

Retainer sound occurs in ball bearings, cones, and roller bearings, and the retainer vibrates significantly and collides with the rolling element.

This sound is also generated by waveform retainers and other retainers. The vibration of the retainer, which is the cause of the retainer sound, is considered to be the vibration of the retainer caused by sliding friction between the retainer and the rolling element.

All. Irregular noise

Irregular noise is mainly generated in cylindrical roller bearings and has the same tone as metal squeaks.

This sound is likely to occur in grease lubrication and not in oil lubrication.

This negative frequency is the second and third natural vibrations of the radial bending of the outer ring, but the sound generating mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated.

As described above, it is widely known as an inspection test method that can determine the acceptance of rolling bearings by analyzing vibration and sound generated when rolling bearings are rotated.

One method that has been widely used in the past has been mainly used for the acoustic test method using a microphone and a sound pressure gauge. However, this method has a problem that it is very difficult to detect abnormal conditions unless a professional measuring inspector has been improved recently. have.

Complementing this, a bearing test is performed using horizontal hydraulic spindles to measure the sound of the bearing by the sensor, thereby quantitatively inspecting the abnormal state of the bearing.

However, this method also has the disadvantage that the hydraulic spindles are horizontal, so that the oil film formation of the gap of the bearing supporting the spindle during operation becomes a problem, and the transfer device for supplying the bearing to be measured is complicated.

A recent tester using vertical air spinners is the Andrometer Tester, a product of Micrometrical Inc. (now manufactured by Bendix) in Japan. The same product was developed in Japan for vibration and acoustic measurement of rolling bearings. have.

This tester can check the abnormal condition of rolling bearings to be measured through the sensor by using vertical air spinners instead of horizontal hydraulic spinners. However, this tester lacks an automatic transfer function and cannot perform efficient inspection work. .

Looking in more detail with respect to the problems of the existing tester as follows.

end. Problem of abnormal state inspection method by acoustic measurement of rolling bearing

The sound level of rolling bearings is measured by acoustic measurement of deep groove ball bearings with outer diameter of 30mm or more and 120mm or less, and other bearings are measured accordingly.

The method installs a bearing on a vibration-free spindle that rotates at 1800 rpm in the soundproof room and presses the outer ring by hand to give an axial load.

The sound of the bearing is measured by the acoustic test method using a microphone and a pressure gauge dedicated to bearing acoustic measurement.

However, the bearing abnormality inspection method by acoustic measurement of the bearing has recently improved the quality of the bearing, so the sound quality rather than the size of the sound pressure is to be targeted to the sound quality. It is very difficult to detect abnormal state by sound unless you are a professional measuring inspector.

I. Problems of Bearing Tester Using Horizontal Hydraulic Spindle

An alternative to acoustic test, a test method that used to be depended on by experts in the past, was to use a horizontal hydraulic spindle to mount the bearing arbor shank, a tool for bearing testing, at the end of the spindle. Quantitatively.

However, since this tester uses horizontal hydraulic spindles, it is possible to easily inspect it by anyone who is not an expert because it performs vibration inspection by the sound of the bearing by rotating it using hydraulic pressure at the time of start-up. Because of the high cost, there is a problem in implementing automation, and a test has to be performed manually for bearing transfer.

All. Andrometer Tester Using Vertical Air Spindles

An improvement of the tester by horizontal hydraulic spindles is generally used in the United States developed andrometer tester using the vertical air spindle.

The core components of this tester are air spindles and load devices with very little vibration. It consists of vibration pick-up and amplifier.In bearing measurement, the inner ring is installed and rotated on the spindle using the arbor mounting hole, and the sound generated by the vibration is detected by the touch sensor (sensor) attached to the outer ring to confirm whether the bearing passes. It is discriminating.

The disadvantage of this tester, however, is that it cannot be unmanned because there is no automatic transfer device of rolling bearings to measure.

Therefore, the present invention is to provide a tester that can determine whether the rolling bearings pass or fail by analyzing the vibration and sound generated by rotating the various rolling bearings produced, and the air spindle for rotating the rolling bearings to be measured. Using this mounted air bearing, the bearing to be measured under no load without vibration and noise is automatically rotated and inspected by the Andronmeter Tester, and the bearing to be measured is automatically transferred. It is intended to provide an automatic tester that unmanned all processes of collecting defective items in the inspection.

1 is an overall configuration showing an embodiment of the present invention

2 is a schematic diagram of the subject innovation tester

3 is a schematic view of an air bearing with air spins attached thereto;

4 is a schematic view of the load portion

5 is a schematic view of the transfer device and the body portion

☞ Explanation of symbols used in the main part of the drawing ☜

1; Andronmeter Tester 11; Sensor

2; air bearing 21; air spindle

22; pulley 23; motor

3, load part 31; lever device

32; air cylinder 33; air pressure gauge

4; transfer unit 5; body

6; Arbor 7; Shoot

This invention mainly inspects various rolling bearings such as ball and angular ball bearings, thrust bearings under cylindrical and needle roller bearings, and passes the regular products as automatic transfer unit, and drops the defective products into the collection box for defective products. It is characterized by the configuration of the automatic tester of the bearing.

Hereinafter, looking at the configuration of the present invention in detail.

The tester according to the present invention is largely composed of a measuring unit and an operating unit, and the measuring unit is composed of an andrometer 1 which collects and analyzes data input through the sensor 11 and performs the inspection.

The actuating part has an air bearing 2 with air spindles 21 therein, a transfer machine 4 for the automatic transfer of the load part 3 and the measuring bearing A and the body 5. It is composed of

In order to prevent the vibration of the motor 23, the pulley 22 is provided with a pulley 22 on the upper part of the air spindle 21 to rotate the air spindle 21. Would be desirable.

An arbor 6 is attached to the lower end of the air spindle 21 of the air bearing 2 to which a rolling bearing (measurement bearing A) to be measured is attached.

The arbor 6 is attached to a suitable one according to the type of the measuring bearing (A).

In addition, the sensor (contact sensor, etc.) 11 for the inspection of the measuring bearing (A) is installed on the upper end of the load portion (3) to be in close contact with the arbor (6), and the andrometer (1) is The measurement bearing A is inspected through the sensor 11.

The lower end of the arbor 6 is provided with a load load part (measurement fitting) 3, the load load part 3 is a lever on which the air cylinder 32 and the air pressure gauge 33 are installed on the body 5. It is operated vertically by the device 31 to bring the measuring bearing A attached to the arbor 23 into close contact.

And, one side of the body (5) by installing the transfer unit (automatic transfer device) (4) to transfer the measuring bearing (A) to be measured one by one independently, but after the measurement is completed, transfer the genuine product as it is, The defectives can be collected separately through the chute 7 in the defective collection box.

Hereinafter, first look at the characteristics of the air bearing (2) as the main component of the present invention,

The configuration of the air bearing 2 to which the air spindles 21 are attached will be described in detail.

(end). Characteristics of air bearings.

The air bearing (2) uses the viscosity of air instead of oil. Its structure is that the air flows helically with the rotation of the shaft when the air of suitable pressure is blown into the contact surface with the journal through some air holes perforated in the bearing metal. It will flow out of the bearing.

The size or location of the supply holes is determined by the distribution of the bearing pressure.

The air bearing 2 has a low friction torque of '(I) (about 1/1000 as compared to oil). (II) Rotation is particularly slippery. (III) It can be used at high temperature (up to 600 ℃) and low temperature (up to -200 ℃). (IV) There is no pollution by oil. (Ⅴ) There is no problem of deterioration of lubricant due to radiation '.

And it has the disadvantage of low load capacity and lack of boundary lubrication ability, but it is widely used in space bearing, gyro, computer bearing reactor coolant pump, high speed spindle and so on.

(I). Configuration of air bearing with air spindle

Air bearings (2) are inversely proportional to the stiffness and the flow rate is proportional to the third power of the gap, so the effective use of high pressure and the miniaturization of the gap are most important.

For this purpose, the equation governing the pressure distribution of the bearing clearance is first assumed by Reynolds as the laminar, viscous, and isothermal flow of air in the bearing clearance, and through this equation, the pressure distribution of the bearing clearance is obtained. To determine the pneumatic pressure.

The basic type used in the past as the air supply method is a multi-supply device in which many small diameter air holes are arranged, and orifice strokes and magnetic strokes are mainly used.

The magnetic stroke is a simple pore, and there is no place for gas to gather behind the stroke, and the stability is easy to use.

However, in order to make the gap smaller, the diameter of the hole is very small, and in order to widen the high-pressure area, it is necessary to increase the number of holes. Not suitable as Orifice stroke is a little complicated because the orifice is installed in each hole, but the number of holes is smaller than that of the stroke, and the clearance can be installed relatively small, and the rigidity is higher than that of the magnetic stroke because it is not affected by the gap between the strokes. There are advantages to having it.

In addition, there is a need to design grooves as shallow as possible in order to prevent the effects of pneumatic hammers. Accordingly, the air supply system of the present invention air bearing adopts an orifice stroke.

For reference, looking at the configuration of the subject innovation tester that can be configured as described above through the specific specifications are shown in Table 1 below.

Item Specification Size Air Bearings Rotational Pneumatic Motor Feed Rate Measurements Per Minute Measurement Time Installation Port Andrometer Load Load Transfer Sensor 850 × 540 × 19001 800 to 2500 rpm 3㎏ / ㎠ 0.4㎾1m / min3sec 20 pcs / min Standard arbor and optional arbor 5㎸150 × 210950 × 350 PL6

The present invention constituted as described above provides high reliability accuracy by using the air bearing (2) for rotation in a no-load state without vibration and noise, and transfers the rolling bearing (A) to be measured to apply a set load, It is to provide an automated tester unmanned in the entire process of automatically inspecting the manufacturing defects and abnormal conditions of the rolling bearing (A) by the sensor (11) through the Andronmeter (1) and the collection of defective products by the sensor (11). Hereinafter, the operation of the present invention will be described.

When the bearing A to be measured is supplied to the measuring unit through the transfer unit 4, the load portion 3 of the body 5 rises in the vertical direction and is attached to the bearing A to be measured. It is in close contact with the arbor 6 of the air spindle 21 of the air bearing 2 to fix the measurement bearing (A).

The load portion 3 is operated vertically by the lever device 31 using the air cylinder 32 to be in close contact with the arbor 6.

The load load part 3 is equipped with a sensor 11 for inspection of the measurement bearing A, and a measurement bearing A for measuring the signal measured through the sensor 11 is input to the andrometer 1. Will be tested.

That is, in the andrometer 1, the sound caused by the vibration of the rolling bearing A is measured by the sensor 11 to determine whether the measuring bearing A passes.

In this way, each bearing (A) to be measured is independently transferred by the transfer unit (4) and when the measurement is completed in the measuring unit, the genuine product is transferred as it is, defective products are collected in the defective collection box through one side chute (7) do.

As described above, the tester according to the present invention is an unmanned automatic tester capable of automatically inspecting manufacturing defects and assembly defects of various rolling bearings, thereby enabling various inspections as follows.

end. Ball uniformity test according to ball diameter of ball bearing and angular ball bearing

I. Roundness and Eccentricity Inspection of Inner Ring and Outer Ring Balls of Rolling Bearings

All. Roughness inspection of ball and roller of rolling bearings

la. Inspection of foreign matter inclusion inside the rolling bearing

hemp. Inspection for lapping of ball and roller, inner ring and outer ring

bar. Grease and insulation test of inner and outer rings

In addition, since the entire process is automatically performed unattended from the introduction of rolling bearings (A) to be measured, inspection, transportation, transfer of defective products, and collection, a significant economic benefit is achieved by greatly reducing the accuracy and reliability of rolling bearing inspection and reducing manpower. In addition to the above, the present invention can obtain various advantages and effects such as securing efficiency and economic efficiency in inspection work of rolling bearings in addition to the above.

Claims (3)

In constructing an automatic tester for rolling bearings using an andrometer, An air bearing 2 having air spindles 21 mounted thereon, an arbor 6 mounted at the bottom of the air spindles 21 of the air bearings 2 attached to the measuring bearing A, and an air bearing 2 bottom The load load part 3 which is attached to the body and is in close contact with the lower side of the arbor 6 to which the measuring bearing A is attached, the sensor 11 installed on the load load part 3 upper end, and the load load part 3 Andron meter 1 which receives the measurement signal of measuring bearing A from sensor 11 and analyzes and inspects, and the defective product which was formed on one side of the body 5 and completed measurement by transfer device part 4 An automatic tester for rolling bearings, characterized in that it consists of a chute (7) to be collected separately. The method of claim 1, An air tester for rolling bearings, characterized in that the air spindle 21 of the air bearing 2 is provided with a pulley 22 to drive the belt as a high precision motor 23. The method of claim 1, The load-bearing part (3) is operated in the vertical direction by the lever device (31) using an air cylinder (32) to be in close contact with the arbor (6), the automatic tester of rolling bearings.