KR20020035280A - a trash burn system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A waste matter incinerator is provided to recycle the slack as a raw material and to solve the problems of environmental pollution caused by exhaust gas. CONSTITUTION: A waste matter incinerator is composed of a heat decomposition furnace(10) for heating the wastes matter; a conveying unit(20) for conveying the carbon material from the furnace to the next place; a melting furnace(30) in which the solid residue transfers to the liquid slack; a burner for heating the melted slack moving along the slope; a conveyer(60) for conveying the solid slack to a storing portion(50); a combustion chamber(70) for the combustion of the exhaust gas; a cyclone(75) for removing the dust in the exhaust gas; a blower(90) for transfer of the high-temperature heat to the heat decomposition furnace(10) and melting furnace(30); a cleaner(100) for removing the contaminant by giving chemicals into the exhaust gas; a filter(110) for filtering strange matters in the exhaust gas; a blower(120) connected to the filter(110) and forming the negative pressure; a chimney(130) for discharging the exhaust gas to the outside; and a circulating pipe(150) reducing the nitrogen oxide by producing the exhaust gas from the chimney to the heat decomposition furnace and melting furnace.

Description

Waste incineration system using pyrolysis melting method

The present invention does not generate incineration material to be buried, it is a molten vitrified slack that does not elute heavy metals can be utilized in the aggregate, such as aggregates, environmentally friendly incineration function that minimizes the generation of dioxin, a toxic substance The present invention relates to a waste incineration system using a pyrolysis melting method.

In general, the conventional waste incineration system is divided into large incineration system and medium and small incineration system according to the waste treatment capacity. Among these, large incineration system regulates the generation of dioxins at the government level, but medium and small incineration systems are dioxins. There is no regulation on the occurrence.

In particular, the incineration ash generated in the conventional waste incineration system is about 10 to 15% of the waste input amount, which is entirely buried, and the incineration ash contains a large amount of heavy metals, which are harmful environmental pollutants. Therefore, when landfills containing heavy metals are buried, they cause soil and groundwater contamination, which is a serious environmental pollution source.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the conventional problems as described above, by improving the structure of the waste incinerator does not generate incineration, the residual solids generated by incineration of the waste is recycled to aggregate as a total molten vitrified slag The present invention aims to provide a waste incineration system using a pyrolysis melting method that enables the generation of environmentally harmful substances such as dioxins to be suppressed.

1 is a block diagram of a waste incineration system according to the present invention

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of portion A of FIG. 1

Figure 3 is a graph showing the temperature of each part of the waste incineration system according to the present invention

Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1: waste 10: pyrolysis furnace

11: waste inlet 12: burner

13: nozzle 20: transfer means

21: pusher 22: rotating carrier

30: melting furnace 31: nozzle

32: tapping 33: goal

34,35: burner 36: melting part

37,38: thermocouple 39: hot water outlet

40: quench water tank 50: storage tank

60: conveyor 70: combustion chamber

75 cyclone 80 heat exchanger

90 press injection blower 100 washing machine

110: filter 120: manned blower

130: stack 150: exhaust gas recirculation pipe

The present invention for achieving the above object,

A pyrolysis furnace that converts the injected waste into solid carbon matter and combustible gas by heating it; Heat transfer means for transporting heat generated in the pyrolysis furnace to a next place; A melting furnace equipped with a burner for heating and igniting the solid fin and combustible gas to burn the char and combustible gas at a high temperature so that the residue becomes a molten slag in the molten liquid; A burner installed in the tapping part of the melting furnace to heat the liquid slag discharged from the melting furnace to maintain the liquidity of the liquid slag; A quench water tank for cooling and solidifying the liquid slag discharged from the melting furnace; A conveyor for transferring the solidified steam of the quench water tank to a storage unit; A combustion chamber for completely burning unburned gas discharged from the melting furnace; A cyclone for removing coarse dust in exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber; A heat exchanger for recovering sensible heat of the exhaust gas discharged to the cyclone to heat air; A press-fit blower for recovering heat from the heat exchanger and forcibly transferring the heated air to a pyrolysis furnace and a melting furnace; A scrubber for removing contaminants by administering a chemical to exhaust gas flowing from the heat exchanger; A filter for filtering foreign substances such as fine dust contained in the exhaust gas passing through the cleaner; A guide blower connected to an outlet of the filter to suck exhaust gas so that the entire incinerator is maintained at a negative pressure; A stack for discharging the exhaust gas passing through the manned blower to the outside; It characterized in that it comprises an exhaust gas recirculation tube for suppressing the generation of nitrogen oxides by supplying the exhaust gas discharged from the stack to the pyrolysis furnace and the melting furnace.

In addition, the tapping part of the melting furnace is installed by the burner for heating so that the slack in the molten state can flow down without solidification, and there is no solid that is not molten to maintain a homogeneous molten state, characterized in that do.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a waste incineration system using a pyrolysis method according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a detailed view of the portion A of FIG.

According to the drawing, the waste incineration system according to the present invention has a pyrolysis furnace 10 into which waste is introduced through the waste inlet 11. The pyrolysis furnace 10 is preheated to about 500 ° C. by the burner 12, and then the waste is introduced. The waste is thermally decomposed as it is heated to 500 to 700 ° C. in an air atmosphere smaller than the theoretical amount of air, and the combustible solid carbide is 촤 and flammable. Is converted into a gas.

The pyrolysis furnace 10 is constructed of a general castable refractory material, and has an air jacket on the top to supply air for pyrolysis heated in the heat exchanger 80 through a nozzle 13 having a diameter of 30 mm. In the air condition less than the theoretical air volume, complete combustion does not occur, and a flame is formed by volatiles in the waste, and this heat causes flame pyrolysis, in which the waste is converted into solid carbide and combustible gas. Since the flame is formed only on the clothing part, when the air nozzle is small and the flow velocity is high, the local complete combustion occurs and the purpose of pyrolysis, which converts the gas into flammable and flammable gas, cannot be achieved. Increasingly, a small amount of air can be evenly distributed over the pyrolysis furnace 10 to form a low temperature flame.

In addition, the waste incineration system of the present invention has a melting furnace 30 in communication with the pyrolysis furnace 10. The melting furnace 30 is a section in which the solid residue is completely melted by the high temperature combustion of the solid steam at 1200 to 1300 ° C. together with the air heated in the heat exchanger 80 to form a liquid slack.

At this time, the upper part of the melting furnace 30 is equipped with a main burner 35 for preheating and maintaining the temperature of the melting portion and the ignition of gas and gas, and a nozzle for supplying heated air from the heat exchanger 80 on the side wall ( 31) was installed to ensure that combustion of flammable and flammable gases occurred at high temperatures. At this time, when the temperature inside the melting furnace 30 rises to 1200 to 1300 ° C., the solid residue is completely melted and flows to the bottom of the ramp. The melting furnace 30 was to be constructed using a high temperature refractory material that can withstand up to 1800 ℃.

In addition, R-type thermocouples 37 and 38 were installed on the top of the melting furnace 30 so as to measure the atmosphere temperature of the melting furnace 30 at two places (for reference, R-type thermocouple is 1600 ° C. Refers to a thermometer that can be measured up to).

In addition, the tapping part 32 through which the molten metal, which is a liquid slack in the melting furnace 30, flows along a ramp extending from the melting furnace 30 to the side, and at this time, the burner 34 maintains a continuous high temperature to melt it. The slack did not solidify and maintained the fluidity so as to be well discharged into the tap (39).

In addition, the pyrolysis furnace 10 and the melting furnace 30 is provided with a see-through window so that the inside can be observed, and air is supplied to the inner part of the see-through window so as not to be contaminated or overheated.

In addition, the waste incineration system according to the present invention has a heat transfer means 20 for transferring the heat in the pyrolysis furnace 10 to the melting furnace 30 in a predetermined amount between the pyrolysis furnace 10 and the melting furnace 30. It is installed.

The shock feeder 20 is installed between the pyrolysis furnace 10 and the melting furnace 30 and is provided with a pusher 21 using at least one hydraulic cylinder for horizontal reciprocating motion and a next position of the pusher 21. It consists of a gear-wheel-shaped rotary feed body 22 which rotates clockwise in the figure, and conveys 촤 to the melting furnace 30 in a fixed amount.

In the waste incineration system according to the present invention, a quench water tank 40 is installed below the tap opening 39 of the melting furnace 30.

The quench water tank 40 serves to solidify by cooling the liquid 배출 discharged from the melting furnace 30.

In the quench water tank 40, the water in the upper portion was continuously circulated to maintain a constant temperature of the water.

In addition, the waste incineration system according to the present invention is provided with a conveyor (60), which is a means for transferring the coolant solidified by cooling in the quench water tank (40) to the storage unit (50).

In addition, the waste incineration system according to the present invention is provided in communication with the melting furnace 30 is provided with a combustion chamber 70 for completely burning the unburnt in the exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace 30.

In addition, the waste incineration system according to the present invention is provided with a cyclone (75) for removing coarse dust in the exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace (30).

In the waste incineration system according to the present invention, a heat exchanger 80 for recovering heat of exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 70 is provided.

The heat exchanger 80 recovers the heat of the high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber 70 and heats the air at room temperature supplied from the press-fit blower 90 to supply the pyrolysis furnace 10 and the melting furnace 30. .

In addition, the waste incineration system according to the present invention is provided with a scrubber 100 for spraying activated carbon to the exhaust gas flowing from the heat exchanger 80 to adsorb dioxins and spray lime water to neutralize the acid gas.

In addition, the waste incineration system according to the present invention is provided with a bag filter 110 for filtering the fine dust contained in the exhaust gas passing through the scrubber (100).

In addition, the waste incineration system according to the present invention is connected to the outlet of the bag filter 110 is provided with a manned blower 120 to maintain the negative pressure in the incinerator.

In addition, the waste incineration system according to the present invention is provided with a stack 130 for discharging the exhaust gas passed through the manned blower 120 to the outside.

In addition, an exhaust gas recirculation pipe 150 is provided to supply the exhaust gas discharged from the stack 130 to the pyrolysis furnace 10 and the melting furnace 30 to suppress generation of nitrogen oxides.

When operating the pyrolysis waste incineration system having such a configuration, each of the burners 12, 34, and 35 of the pyrolysis furnace 10 and the melting furnace 30 is operated after the manned blower 120 and the press-fit blower 90 are operated. Start up. At this time, if the negative pressure of the pyrolysis furnace 10 is too large, the heat in the furnace is quickly released and the temperature rise of each part is slowed, so it is preferable to close the damper 121 at the inlet blower inlet as much as possible to reduce the heat in the furnace as much as possible.

When the temperature of the melting furnace 30 is preheated to an average of 600 ° C. or more, the damper 121 at the inlet blower inlet is opened to maintain the pressure in the pyrolysis furnace at about -10 mmH ₂ O, and then 30% of the theoretical air amount to the amount of waste input to the pyrolysis furnace. Start supplying waste while supplying bays.

When the flame is formed inside the pyrolysis furnace 10 and pyrolysis starts, the temperature of the melting furnace 30 starts to rise quickly. The pusher 21 in the lower portion is operated after sufficient pyrolysis is performed, so that the molten furnace 30 is operated. It is supplied to the melting part 36 of the. At this time, open the air damper of the melting furnace to increase the amount of air so that the steam can be sufficiently burned.

Then, when the upper temperature of the melting furnace 30 rises to 1200 ° C. or more, residual solids such as ash and the remaining ashes start to melt. When the temperature of the upper part of the melting furnace 30 further rises to 1250 ° C. or more, the molten liquid slags flow along the ramp to be discharged to the tapping part 32.

At this time, since the molten liquid and the molten solid phase coexist in the molten part 36, when a large amount of P is suddenly supplied to this part, P is explosively burned and scattered, so that a large amount of soot is generated. 22), a certain amount of char should be supplied to the molten part.

The molten slack has a very high rate of uptake compared to the volume of waste injected, so only a very small volume flows to the tapping part. Therefore, the melting furnace 30 should be made smaller in volume toward the outlet to prevent the molten slag from solidifying due to heat loss.

The molten liquid slack flows to the tapping part 32 and falls into the quench water tank 40. Since the temperature of the quench water tank circulates water continuously, there is almost no change in temperature even when the melt is dropped. .

When the normal temperature is reached, the temperature of the exhaust gas passing through the combustion furnace 70 is maintained at 900 ° C. or higher. The exhaust gas preheats the combustion air in the heat exchanger 80 to 400 ° C. or higher in a steady state, and the scrubber ( 100) while passing through the bag filter 110 is cooled to 150 ° C or less and discharged through the manned blower (120).

On the other hand, the operation results of an example for the waste incineration system of the pyrolysis melting method will be described by reference. In this experiment, the wastes incinerated in incinerators of small and medium cities were studied.

3 is a graph showing each part temperature of the present system.

The upper two temperatures in the figure indicate the temperatures of the thermocouples 37, 38 installed in the melting furnace 30. When these temperatures reach around 600 ° C, waste begins to be introduced.

When 10 minutes have passed since the start of the feeding, the burner 12 of the pyrolysis furnace 10 is stopped. From this time, the waste is spontaneously ignited in the heated pyrolysis furnace 10 so that the internal temperature is maintained almost uniform at 800 ° C.

When the waste begins to be introduced and the molten gas 36 is supplied to the molten portion 36 and the combustible gas is mixed, the temperature of the molten portion 36 starts to rise rapidly as it is mixed with the heated air injected from the nozzle 31 and combusts. After 1 hour, the temperature reaches around 1250 ° C, the temperature at which melting begins. Subsequently, while the temperature of the center of the melting part 38 is maintained at about 1250 ° C., the solid residue is completely melted and flows into the liquid slack to be discharged to the tapping part. The discharged molten slag is quenched and solidified in a water cooling tank.

As the incineration residue is entirely molten vitrified slack, the volume reduction rate is more than 99% and the weight loss ratio is 90-95%.

As described above, the present invention improves the structure of the waste incinerator, so that the incineration material which requires landfilling does not occur, and the solid residue is entirely molten vitrified slag. This slack can be recycled to aggregate or raw materials. In addition, the organic toxic substances such as dioxins are completely destroyed in a high temperature atmosphere, thereby minimizing the amount introduced into the exhaust gas treatment.

Claims (2)

A pyrolysis furnace 10 in which a solid carbon matter and a combustible gas coexist by heating the injected waste 1; 촤 conveying means 20 for forcibly conveying 촤 embedded in the pyrolysis furnace 10 to a next place; A melting furnace 30 in which solid residue becomes liquid slack as the solid char and the combustible gas are combusted at a high temperature; A burner (34) installed in the tapping part (32) of the melting furnace (30) to maintain the fluidity so as to be well discharged in a state of maintaining the homogeneity of the liquid by heating the slag of the molten liquid flowing along the ramp; A quench water tank (40) for cooling and solidifying the slag in the molten liquid discharged from the melting furnace (30); A conveyor (60) for transferring the slag solidified in the quench water tank (40) to the storage unit (50); A combustion chamber (70) for heating and exhausting the exhaust gas discharged from the melting furnace (30); A cyclone (75) for removing coarse dust in the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber (70); A heat exchanger (80) for recovering heat of exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber (70); A press-fit blower (90) for forcibly transferring the high temperature heat recovered by the heat exchanger (80) to the pyrolysis furnace (10) and the melting furnace (30); A scrubber (100) for removing contaminants by administering a chemical to the exhaust gas flowing from the heat exchanger (80); Bag filter 110 for filtering foreign substances such as dust contained in the exhaust gas passing through the cleaner (100); A manned blower 120 connected to the filter 110 installation part to form a negative pressure in an incinerator; A stack 130 for discharging the exhaust gas passed through the filter 110 to the outside; The waste incineration system using the pyrolysis method, characterized in that it comprises an exhaust gas recirculation pipe 150 for supplying the exhaust gas to the pyrolysis furnace and the melting furnace in the 130 to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides. The method of claim 1, For heating, so that some solids contained in the molten slag are completely melted and homogenized along the ramp leading to the tapping part 32 of the melting furnace 30 and the molten slag can be easily flowed down to maintain the fluidity. Waste incineration system using a pyrolysis method, characterized in that the burner 34 is installed.