KR102322020B1 - Dust collection and waste heat recovery system of the incineration boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an incineration boiler, and more specifically, to a dust collection and waste heat recovery system of an incineration boiler, wherein waste heat exhausted after incineration is recovered to increase thermal efficiency and dust and harmful materials included in exhaust gas can be collected effectively. For the purpose, the dust collection and waste heat recovery system of the incineration boiler comprises: an incinerator; a boiler for heating water or heat medium oil using heat generated in the incinerator; a multi-dust collection part for collecting dust and harmful materials from exhaust gas exhausted from the incinerator; a preheating part for heating waste heat recovered through the incinerator using the exhaust gas discharged from the multi-dust collection part; a wet dust collection part for collecting dust from the exhaust gas discharged from the preheating part using sprayed water; a filtering part for filtering the exhaust gas discharged from the wet dust collection part using a carbon filter and exhausting the same; and a waste heat recovery pipe for supplying exhaust gas having waste heat, which is exhausted from the filtering part, to the preheating part to heat the same and supplying the heated exhaust gas having waste heat to the boiler.

Description

Dust collection and waste heat recovery system of the incineration boiler

The present invention relates to an incineration boiler, and to a dust collection and waste heat recovery system of an incineration boiler that recovers waste heat exhausted after incineration to increase thermal efficiency and effectively collects dust and harmful substances contained in exhaust gas.

Wastes from general households, and various wastes from industries such as production sites or construction sites are incinerated in an incinerator, and the heat generated during incineration is used as various energy sources such as heating and small-scale power generation by steam. do.

In order to efficiently convert the heat generated during incineration into energy, recently, a method of recovering the exhaust gas and converting it into an energy source together with the heat generated during incineration is mainly used. In incineration boilers with improved waste heat recovery efficiency and maintainability),

A combustion device in which waste fuel is placed and combusted, and a waste heat recovery device connected to the combustion device to generate hot water for heating the cold water charged therein through high-temperature heat generated while the waste is burned in the combustion device In the incineration boiler,

The waste heat recovery device,

a water tank that supplies cold water from one end to the inside and discharges heated hot water from the other end;

a waste heat supply pipe passing through the water tank from one end to the other end of the water tank and passing high-temperature hot air and exhaust gas from the combustion device;

a waste heat accommodating chamber formed at the other end of the water tank and temporarily accommodating the hot air and exhaust gas passing through the waste heat supply pipe;

An incineration boiler consisting of a plurality of waste heat return pipes passing through the water tank from the other end to one end of the water tank and passing the hot air and exhaust gas accommodated in the waste heat accommodating chamber; was proposed.

Therefore, the thermal efficiency is improved by the recovery of the exhausted waste heat and heating the hot water.

However, this prior art has a structure in which the exhaust gas generated during incineration is discharged into the atmosphere as it is, and the exhaust gas contains various types of dust, which is a factor of fine dust, as well as harmful substances such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and dioxins generated during incineration. Since it contains a lot of substances, there is a problem that becomes a main factor of air pollution.

<Prior art literature>

1. Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0989703

(Incineration boiler with improved waste heat recovery efficiency and maintainability)

An object of the present invention is to provide a dust collection and waste heat recovery system for an incineration boiler in which clean air can be discharged by filtering dust and harmful substances contained in exhaust gas in order to solve these conventional problems.

The dust collection and waste heat recovery system of the incineration boiler of the present invention for achieving the above object,

incinerator;

a boiler for heating water or thermal oil by heat generated from the incinerator;

a multi-dust collector for collecting dust and harmful substances from the exhaust gas exhausted from the incinerator;

a preheating unit for heating the waste heat recovered to the incinerator by the exhaust gas discharged from the multi dust collecting unit;

a wet dust collector for collecting the exhaust gas discharged from the preheating unit by spraying water;

a filtration unit filtering the exhaust gas discharged from the wet dust collecting unit by a carbon filter and exhausting it;

and a waste heat recovery pipe for supplying the exhaust gas having waste heat exhausted from the filtering part to the preheating part to heat it, and supplying the exhaust gas with the heated waste heat to the boiler.

In addition, a distribution pipe connected to the waste heat recovery pipe is installed long in the longitudinal direction at the lower inner side of the incinerator, and a boiler is located in the longitudinal direction at the inner upper side of the incinerator, and a plurality of branch pipes from the distribution pipe are located on the upper side. It is installed in the form of an arch toward the upper end is configured to be connected to the boiler.

In addition, the wet dust collecting unit

As a cylindrical body, an inlet for receiving exhaust gas from the preheating unit is formed at a lower side portion, an outlet for discharging exhaust gas is formed at an upper side thereof, and a casing having a drain formed at a lower end thereof;

It is composed of a; is formed in the form of a grid from the upper inner side of the casing in the horizontal direction to spray water to the exhaust gas toward the lower side; is composed of.

And, a water collecting filter unit is connected to the spray pipe of the wet dust collecting unit,

The water collecting filter unit

a housing connected to the drain;

a filter medium installed in multiple stages in the vertical direction inside the housing to receive and filter water discharged through the drain;

A pump for pumping the water filtered by the filter medium and supplying it to the spray pipe; consists of.

In addition, a waste heat branch pipe branched from the waste heat recovery pipe is connected to the housing, and a stirring unit for stirring the filter medium is provided inside the housing, and the exhaust gas having waste heat supplied by the waste heat branch pipe while stirring the filter medium and external air, and a moisture outlet for discharging dust and moisture generated during stirring to the filtration unit is formed.

According to the present invention configured as described above, the exhaust gas is filtered by spraying water, and then the purified exhaust gas is discharged through a filtration unit made of a carbon filter, thereby not generating air pollution, and also recovering waste heat to operate a boiler. By heating, the thermal efficiency can be greatly improved.

In addition, the water sprayed on the exhaust gas and adsorbed with dust and harmful substances is filtered by a filter medium to reuse the water, as well as to prevent leachate from being generated by drying by waste heat recovered when the filter medium is exchanged. It has the advantage of not generating

1 is a view showing the overall structure of the dust collection and waste heat recovery system of an incineration boiler according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is a front cross-sectional structural view of the incinerator and the boiler.
Figure 3 is a side cross-sectional structural view of the incinerator and the boiler.
4 is a view showing the structure of a wet dust collector.
5 is a view showing the shape of the spray tube.
6 is a view showing the structure of the water collecting filter unit.

The above-described objects, features and advantages will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to easily implement the technical idea of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

However, the embodiments of the present invention illustrated below may be modified in various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.

The embodiments of the present invention are provided to more completely explain the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art.

1 is a view showing the overall structure of the dust collection and waste heat recovery system of an incineration boiler according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front sectional structural diagram of the incinerator and the boiler, and FIG. 3 is a side sectional structural diagram of the incinerator and the boiler. And, Fig. 4 is a view showing the structure of the wet dust collecting unit, Fig. 5 is a view showing the shape of the spray tube, and Fig. 6 is a view showing the structure of the water collecting filter unit.

1, the present invention is largely an incinerator 100, a boiler 200, a multi dust collecting unit 300, a preheating unit 400, a wet dust collecting unit 500, a filtering unit 600, a water collecting filter unit ( 700) is composed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the incinerator 100 has a dome-shaped body 100 with a round upper side, and an incineration space for incineration of food waste, sewage sludge, and various wastes generated from households or industries is formed therein. do.

In the incinerator 100 , a distribution pipe 120 is installed long in the longitudinal direction on both sides of the inner lower portion, and a plurality of branch pipes 121 are installed in an arcuate form upward from the distribution pipe 120 .

That is, as shown in FIG. 3 , a pair of distribution pipes 120 are installed long in the longitudinal direction from the inner lower part of the body 100, and the lower ends of a plurality of branch pipes 121 positioned at equal intervals are the distribution pipes. It is connected to 120, and the upper portion of the branch pipe 121 has an arch shape, and the upper part of the branch pipe 121 is located on the upper side of the arch, so that the boiler 200 made of a cylindrical body is long in the longitudinal direction. (200) has a structure in contact with both sides, respectively.

The distribution pipe 120 introduces exhaust gas having waste heat recovered from the filter unit 600 and branches through the branch pipe 121 , and circulates inside the boiler 200 by the exhaust gas having the branched waste heat. It will heat the water or thermal oil.

The boiler 200 is a double tube body, and the branch pipe 121 is connected to the inner tube 201 , and water or thermal oil circulates between the outer tube 202 and the inner tube 201 , such a circulation For this purpose, an inlet 210 and an outlet 220 are formed in the outer tube 202 .

Accordingly, the heating efficiency of water or thermal oil between the outer tube 202 and the inner tube 201 is greatly increased by the incineration heat generated inside the incinerator 100 and the waste heat supplied through the branch pipe 121 .

The multi dust collecting unit 300 receives the exhaust gas exhausted from the incinerator 100 through the exhaust pipe L1 and collects dust and harmful substances primarily, and supplies the collected exhaust gas to the preheating unit 400 . will do

The preheating unit 400 is connected so that the waste heat recovery pipe 400 passes therethrough, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas heats the waste heat recovery pipe 400 , so that the exhaust gas having waste heat is heated and the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered.

That is, the temperature of the waste heat is increased and the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered by preheating by exchanging the exhaust gas with the waste heat.

Usually, since the temperature of exhaust gas generated after incineration has a temperature of 280 °C or higher, the exhaust gas having waste heat is heated to 90 °C or higher by heat exchange, which causes the exhaust gas to be lowered to 180 °C or lower.

The wet dust collecting unit 500 collects dust, such as soot contained in exhaust gas, as well as water that is sprayed with harmful substances. In addition to collecting the black dust that comes out, the temperature of the exhaust gas is lowered to 60℃ or less.

In this case, when the exhaust gas is high in temperature, water and dust are not adsorbed well because the sprayed water evaporates directly due to the high heat, but the temperature is lowered by heat exchange with the waste heat in the preheating unit 400, so the sprayed water The dust and harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas can be easily adsorbed to each other.

As shown in Fig. 4, the wet dust collector 500 has an inlet 520 for receiving exhaust gas in the lower portion of the cylindrical casing 510, and an outlet 530 is formed at the top of the dome shape, A drain 540 for draining water is formed on the lower side.

In addition, a spray tube 550 in a lattice form is installed in the upper portion of the casing 510 in the transverse direction, and the spray tube 550 is In order to spray water evenly in the downward direction, the edge portion is preferably positioned so as to be close to the inner wall of the casing (510).

The filter unit 600 receives the exhaust gas collected from the wet dust collecting unit 500 and lowered in temperature, and filters harmful substances including odors and ultra-fine particles through the waste heat recovery pipe (L4) or the chimney through the damper 800. To selectively exhaust exhaust gas having waste heat, carbon filters are installed in multiple stages.

The water collecting filter unit 700 receives and filters the contaminated water to which dust and harmful substances are adsorbed by the wet dust collecting unit 500, and the filtered water is pumped by the pump 710 again to the wet dust collecting unit ( As supplied to the spray pipe 550 of 500), as shown in FIG. 6, a filter medium 740 made of sand 741 and carbon 742 is filled in multiple stages inside the housing 501 as shown in FIG. ) is filled in the housing 501 with an inlet 720 for receiving the contaminated water discharged through the drain 540 of the wet dust collecting unit 500, so that the inlet 720 is Contaminated water flowing through is filtered by the sand 741 and carbon 742 and accommodated in the receiving unit 770 .

An outlet 730 is formed in the receiving part 770 , and a pump 710 is mounted in the outlet 730 to supply filtered water stored in the receiving part 770 to the spray pipe 550 . .

In addition, when the sand 741 and carbon 742 are contaminated and replaced, moisture contained in the sand 741 and carbon 742 is quickly removed to lighten the weight, thereby making transport convenient and leachate, etc. In order to prevent this from occurring, the filter medium 740 can be dried inside the housing 701, and a motor 760 is provided on the outside of the housing 701, and a stirring unit ( 750) is accumulating, and the stirring unit 750 has a size capable of stirring the sand 741 and carbon 742 .

In addition, the portion in which the filter medium 740 is accommodated is configured such that the exhaust gas having the waste heat exhausted from the filter unit 600 is introduced through the damper 800 and the waste heat branch pipe L7, and the waste heat branch pipe L7 ) is provided with a blower 790, so that the exhaust gas having waste heat together with the outside air is inputted toward the filter medium 740 with a pressure.

The sand 741 and carbon 742 are dried by waste heat during stirring by the stirring unit 750, and moisture generated during drying is discharged through the moisture outlet 780, and the moisture outlet 780 has Since the discharge pipe (L6) is connected, the discharged moisture is supplied to the filter unit 600 and filtered to be exhausted.

That is, when the sand 741 and carbon 742 are dried, the operation of the pump 710 is stopped, the valve 721 of the inlet 720 is closed, the motor 760 is driven, and at the same time the blower 790 and the damper 800 are driven so that exhaust gas having waste heat discharged from the filter unit 600 is introduced into the water collection filter unit 700 through the waste heat branch pipe L7 and exhausted through the chimney do.

Therefore, when the filter medium 740 is dried by the inflowing external air and waste heat while being stirred by the stirring unit 750 , dust and harmful substances generated during drying are introduced into the filtering unit 600 and filtered.

In addition, when the filter medium 740 is dried, a waste heat circulation path consisting of the water collecting filter unit 700, the discharge pipe L6, the filter unit 600, the damper 800, and the waste heat branch pipe L7 is formed. Even if the temperature is lowered, the filter medium 740 can be sufficiently dried by the air circulated by the blower 790 .

At this time, external air is introduced into the waste heat branch pipe (L7) through the blower (790) to lower the internal humidity of the waste heat branch pipe (L7), and is also discharged from the filtering unit (600) by the damper (800) The exhaust gas having waste heat is branched through the chimney and the waste heat branch pipe (L7).

That is, a part of the exhaust gas having a temperature and moisture discharged from the filter unit 600 and exhausted through the chimney is supplied to the water collection filter unit 700 together with relatively dry external air through the waste heat branch pipe (L7) to the filter medium ( After drying 740), it has a circulation path flowing back into the filter unit 600 .

The operation of the present invention having such a structure will be described.

1) Waste heat recovery

When the damper 800 is controlled so that the exhaust gas having waste heat exhausted from the filtering unit 600 flows into the incinerator 100 toward the incinerator 100, and then the incinerator 100 is operated, a high temperature of 280° C. or more generated during incineration of the exhaust gas is exhausted to the multi-dust collector 300 through the exhaust pipe L1.

The exhaust gas collected in the multi-dust collecting unit 300 is introduced into the preheating unit 400 and then cooled to a temperature of 180° C. or less by heat exchange with the exhaust gas having the waste heat recovered through the waste heat recovery pipe L4, The cooled exhaust gas is introduced into the wet dust collecting unit 500 through the pipe line L2 and collected.

The exhaust gas is lowered to a temperature of 90° C. or less by the wet dust collecting unit 500 and then discharged through the discharge pipe L3 toward the filter unit 600 to remove odors and harmful substances by the filter unit 600 .

The exhaust gas having waste heat discharged from the filter unit 600 flows into the waste heat recovery pipe L4 through the damper 800 and the blower 410, and a preheating unit installed on the path of the waste heat recovery pipe L4 ( 400), the waste heat is heated to 90° C. or higher, and then flows into the boiler 200 through the distribution pipe 120 and the branch pipe 121 .

The exhaust gas having waste heat discharged from the boiler 200 is exhausted to the outside through a chimney.

2) Drying the filter media

After stopping the operation of the incinerator 100, the damper 800 is controlled so that the exhaust gas having waste heat is exhausted and circulated through the chimney and the waste heat branch pipe L7, and the blower 790 and the motor 760 are operated. Exhaust gas having circulated waste heat while stirring the filter medium 740 is inputted to the filter medium 740 together with external air to be dried. By re-introducing to 740, a drying cycle is formed.

As described above in detail a specific part of the content of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it is clear that this specific description is only a preferred embodiment, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. something to do.

Accordingly, it is intended that the substantial scope of the present invention be defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

100: incinerator
110: body
120: distribution pipe
121: branch pipe
200: boiler
201: inner tube
202: exterior
210: inlet
220: outlet
300: multi dust collector
400: preheating unit
410: blower
500: wet dust collector
510: casing
520: inlet
530: outlet
540: drain
550: spray tube
600: filtration unit
700: water collection filter unit
701: housing
710: pump
720: inlet
721: valve
730: outlet
740: filter medium
741 : sand
742: carbon
750: stirring part
760: motor
780: moisture outlet
790 : blower
800: damper
L4: Waste heat recovery pipe
L6 : discharge pipe
L7 : waste heat branch pipe

Claims (6)

incinerator; a boiler for heating water or thermal oil by heat generated from the incinerator; a multi-dust collector for collecting dust and harmful substances from the exhaust gas exhausted from the incinerator; a preheating unit for heating the waste heat recovered to the incinerator by the exhaust gas discharged from the multi dust collecting unit; a wet dust collector for collecting the exhaust gas discharged from the preheating unit by spraying water; a filtration unit filtering the exhaust gas discharged from the wet dust collecting unit by a carbon filter and exhausting it; a waste heat recovery pipe for supplying the exhaust gas having waste heat exhausted from the filtering part to the preheating part to heat it, and supplying the exhaust gas with the heated waste heat to the boiler;
The wet dust collector may include a cylindrical body, an inlet for receiving exhaust gas from the preheating unit is formed on a lower side portion, an outlet for discharging exhaust gas is formed on an upper side thereof, and a casing having a drain formed at a lower end thereof; It consists of a; is formed in the lattice form from the upper inner side of the casing in the horizontal direction to spray water on the exhaust gas toward the lower side;
A water collecting filter unit is connected to the spray pipe of the wet dust collecting unit, and the water collecting filter unit includes a housing connected to the drain; a filter medium installed in multiple stages in the vertical direction inside the housing to receive and filter water discharged through the drain; A pump that pumps water filtered by the filter medium and supplies it to the spray pipe;
A waste heat branch pipe branched from the waste heat recovery pipe is connected to the housing, and an agitation unit for stirring the filter medium is provided inside the housing. Exhaust gas having waste heat supplied by the waste heat branch pipe while stirring the filter medium and A dust collection and waste heat recovery system for an incineration boiler, characterized in that it is dried by external air, and a moisture outlet is formed for discharging dust and moisture generated during agitation to the filtration unit.
The method of claim 1, wherein a distribution pipe connected to the waste heat recovery pipe is installed in the longitudinal direction at the lower side of the incinerator, and a boiler is located at the upper side of the incinerator in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of minutes from the distribution pipe Dust collection and waste heat recovery system for an incineration boiler, characterized in that the engine is installed in an arch shape toward the upper side and the upper end is configured to be connected to the boiler.
delete delete delete The incineration boiler according to claim 1, wherein a damper is provided in the waste heat recovery pipe to selectively discharge exhaust gas having waste heat discharged from the filter unit to a chimney, a waste heat recovery pipe, and a waste heat branch pipe. Dust collection and waste heat recovery system.

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