KR20020031674A - Driveway for rapid transit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A roadway for a rapid transit is provided to prevent unbalance of supporters and to manufacture concrete with high rotary force when centrifugal-molding. CONSTITUTION: The roadway for a rapid transit contains: at least one reinforcement type hollow PS(prestressed) concrete-longitudinal girder provided with an upper supporting shoulder(4) and formed by PS concrete stay pipes(2) manufactured in a centrifugal molding method; and a roadway plate(3) comprising many short plates fixed on the PS concrete stay pipes(2), crossing prefabricated roadway girders arranged on the lower support and the roadway and supporting the PS concrete-longitudinal girder.

Description

Driveway for Light Rail Vehicles {DRIVEWAY FOR RAPID TRANSIT}

The present invention comprises at least one reinforced hollow PS concrete (prestressed concrete) -longitudinal girder, prefabricated driveway girders arranged on a substructure fabricated in the field or assembly method, And a roadway for, for example, a road track for RAPID TRANSIT, such as a magnetic levitation track, for a ground driveway with a driveway plate made of individual parts supporting the PS concrete-elongated girders arranged across the roadway. It is about.

These driveways are described in DE 298 09 580 U1, where the elongated girders of the driveway are made of steel.

Due to the high corrosiveness or noise emissions and consequent environmental pollution, the steel structure is negatively evaluated so that the hollow reinforced PS concrete-elongated girder is included at the top of the base leg with a rhombus cross section extending so far. Concrete prefabricated driveway girders were installed. In this regard, reference may be made to DE 41 15 938 A1. In general, the left and right extension parts are designed to extend to the entire roadway width so that only the supporting system of the roadway (side guide rail, sliding rail and stator) and the driveway compound of the guide system should be attached. did.

Such PS concrete-elongated girders can be produced more economically than concrete castings, which must be reinforced with more steel, especially in the finish section. However, a thick side wall is required to accommodate the reinforcing bar in the finishing section, and the side wall thickness of 30-40 cm is required in the hollow section and the center section to give the required strength to the concrete produced by the vibrating concrete manufacturing method. This difficulty is also seen in hybrid construction, where the side arms of the PS concrete-elongated girders are configured to be slightly short so that the driveway does not span the full width of the driveway. The shortened arm is screwed with a large steel member that forms or secures the driveway compound of the guide system and the support system. Here too, PS concrete-elongated girders with shortened arms have to be manufactured in a vibrating fashion in the mold, which presents problems associated with the increased weight as described above. This problem should be avoided, not only because of the increased consumption of raw materials, but also because of the difficulty of handling such prefabricated parts on construction sites.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to configure the PS concrete-elongated girder used in the driveway plate as a PS concrete stay pipe including a flat top supporting shoulder and manufactured in a centrifugal casting method. .

1 is a cross-sectional view of a prefabricated driveway girder according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of the connection of the two prefabricated driveway girders according to Figure 1 with a driveway plate not shown;

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a roadway in which one side is raised as a shape appearing in a curved section;

4 and 5 are enlarged views of section IV and V of FIG. 3; The wedge bearing of the driveway plate on the PS concrete stay pipe is shown.

FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing that one side is raised in a curved section by additionally rotating a PS concrete stay pipe, an additional view of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a roadway of a straight section including two interconnected PS concrete stay pipes made by a centrifugal casting method and formed of square pipes. FIG.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the driveway according to FIG. 7 with several driveway plates mounted on two square pipes. FIG.

9 is a cross-sectional view of a curved section in which one side is raised as a roadway according to FIG. 7.

10 is an enlarged view of a cross section of a PS concrete stay pipe including PS reinforcing bars

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross sectional view of a centrifugal mold for the production of a PS concrete stay pipe according to FIG. 10; FIG.

To solve this problem, PS concrete-elongated girders, which are fabricated in a centrifugal form and function as PS concrete stay pipes with a flat top supporting shoulder, are mounted on the driveway plate.

Driveway plates are formed by separating the driveway plates and support members, which may be concrete plates or steel sheet structures reinforced with reinforcement, ie placing supporting legs on the side of the driveway together with the PS concrete-elongated girders. By excluding the concrete process, PS concrete-elongated girders can be manufactured in a nearly symmetrical form by centrifugal casting. The concrete part produced by this centrifugal casting method has the advantage of being able to obtain a through-hole hollow supporting part that is not only light in weight due to its thin wall thickness but also has a large through-hole space inside which a cable or a supply pipe can be installed. The support shoulders here must be formed through reinforcing ribs that protrude slightly from the sides of the cylindrical tube, which cannot be compared with the protruding flanges of a conventional driveway support. These protruding ribs to enlarge the support surface can reduce the unbalance of the support, thus simplifying the centrifugal casting process. If the support is manufactured by centrifugal casting, other measures can be used to further improve the balance, which will be described later.

Unlike a structure including a long prefabricated driveway plate having a length of about 20 to 31m, in the embodiment according to the present invention, the driveway plate is composed of several short, preferably about 6m long driveway plates spaced at regular intervals. . Compared with conventional driveway plates that have been directly cast, these plate segments can be replaced significantly more quickly than conventional plates and can be dismantled individually during maintenance, making them easier to work with, especially made of steel structures. In this case, the machine can be easily milled and manufactured accurately. Each plate used to form the driveway plate can be secured to the PS concrete stay pipe simply and permanently through screwing, similarly to conventional sleeper systems. Another advantage is that the individual plates can be assembled accurately.

The advantage of replacing prefabricated driveway plates of about 20 to 31 m in length with several individual plates is that they can be processed accurately and simply as well as easy to handle. In addition, if the driveway plate is replaced by several individual plates, The inclination can be easily adjusted, and in particular, there is an advantage in that the design of the inclined section having a variety of varying inclination is easy.

The upper part of the driveway plate is heated by solar heat and the PS concrete-elongated girder underneath it is covered by the shade and cooled, resulting in severe temperature differences that typically occur in driveway supports and the resulting heat load in one driveway driveway and driveway plate. It is possible to calibrate more easily than connected ones, in particular by allowing the drive plate to screw together individual plates that are divided into individual plates. Compared to the light weight steel driveway in which the elongated girder is formed as a steel support, the structure according to the present invention not only improves the noise generation aspect, but also requires no further measures for preventing corrosion.

Driveway guides, also known as A-type supports, are to be provided with additional pour support brackets to secure the PS concrete stay pipes arranged in the center of the driveway plates to the support columns. In order to install the bracket, insert nuts for fixing anchor bolts protruding into the support bracket can be installed on the PS concrete stay pipe.In addition, in the support section of the support bracket, the PS concrete stay pipe can additionally have a rough surface so that the PS concrete stay Cohesion can be improved between the pipe and the support bracket.

Insert a wedge plate between the support shoulder of the PS concrete stay pipe and the driveway plate to incline the driveway in the curved section or, if the slope of the curved section is large, the PS concrete stay Can be placed on the support bracket with the pipe rotated.

The driveway according to the invention comprising PS concrete stay pipes made by centrifugal casting can also be applied to driveways with a planar driveway guide. To this end, so far, through-center central support walls or low and relatively narrow (3 to 5 m) transverse support walls formed transverse to the driveway have been used, with prefabricated driveway supports located above the cross support walls. . In the ground level roadway guide, the sidewall of the roadway and the light rail vehicle come into contact with each other. In addition to the high costs incurred by narrowing the transverse support, the heavy weight of the transverse support, which must be fixed deep into the floor, causes air vortices when the vehicle travels at high speed, resulting in severe noise.

In order to prevent this phenomenon, in the case of the ground level driveway guide, two parallel PS concrete stay pipes jointly supporting a driveway plate made of individual parts, preferably individual plates, and connected to each other in a supporting section are provided. ) Directly on the floor foundation. To this end, in addition to the upper supporting shoulders, PS concrete stay pipes with flat sides are installed, so that at a height of about 80 cm, their overall width is significantly less than the width of the driveway, despite the parallel arrangement. As described above, the structure according to the present invention includes a square pipe which is manufactured by a centrifugal mold method by imparting compressive stress in advance and connected to each other at a height of 60 to 80 cm, and is directly fixed to a floor foundation. In addition to the advantages associated with generation, it has the advantage that a significant number of foundations are installed per interval. Until now, it was necessary to install three foundations per driveway plate having a length of 6.20 m, but in the structure according to the present invention, only two foundations need to be installed at the end of the PS concrete stay pipe having a length of 20 to 31 m. . That is, when the structure according to the present invention is used, the road is very easy to install.

In addition, the free space between the square pipes (square pipe) produced by the centrifugal casting method can be used as a space for safely receiving the cable or supply pipe. PS concrete stay pipes formed of pipes of approximately rectangular cross section can be screwed to a steel frame which can be screwed to the bottom foundation in the supporting section.

In the case of ground level driveway containing PS concrete stay pipe made by centrifugal molding according to the present invention, it is supported on the floor foundation through a wedge intermediate girder so that each time the slope changes, There is no need for fabrication and therefore no special centrifugal mold.

In order to prevent the self-deflection of the prefabricated driveway girders installed in the cantilever type over a long section, the PS concrete stay pipe is made to be bent slightly upward and placed on top of the installed state. PS concrete stay pipes can be made slightly bent upwards so that they can remain horizontally precisely due to the self-loading of the driveway plate, or level even under traffic loads.

In addition, a larger amount of rebar can be placed in the lower part of the PS concrete stay pipe in this section to accommodate heavy vehicle loads. For reinforcing bars, use thicker bars or use more bars.

In order to fabricate the PS concrete stay pipe according to the present invention, the rotation axis is circumferentially compensated for the imbalance caused by the increased concrete weight in the support shoulder along with the asymmetrically distributed PS steel. Symmetrically arranged support ribs should be mounted on the mold plate, which determines the outer shape of the PS concrete stay pipe. This automatic unbalance compensation is possible not because the driveway plates are not molded directly into the driveway girders, but because the driveway plates are fixed as individual plates in PS concrete stay pipes made in a centrifugal mold. The centrifugal casting process is reasonably possible and can be performed at high rotational speeds, resulting in high concrete densities and correspondingly thinner walls.

Other features, advantages, and details of the invention will be described with reference to the following description and drawings of several embodiments.

A column 1 of several meters is only schematically shown in FIG. 2, which is not shown in FIG. 1. The driveway structures shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are largely composed of a PS concrete stay pipe 2 and a driveway plate 3 made of individual parts, which are PS concrete stay pipes. It is made of several short plates, not the same length as). This simplifies the manufacturing process of the driveway plate irrespective of whether the driveway plate is made of reinforced concrete plate or steel plate. By completely separating the driveway plate and its own longitudinal girder, the shape of the longitudinal girder can be formed almost symmetrically, so that pipes that can be manufactured according to the centrifugal casting method are almost unbalanced. Does not appear. Usually, the entire equivalent structure included in the driveway plate 3 has been fabricated as a one-piece part with a supporting column having a cross-section extending in the upper direction of the lozenge, which makes the rational production of concrete through centrifugal casting. It was impossible. In addition, this part had to be treated entirely, regardless of the type of manufacturing method. In addition, the parts are assembled with prefabricated driveway girders with a length of about 20 to 31m due to the heavy weight due to the increased wall thickness of the PS concrete girder girder and the weight of the driveway plates fixed therein. This is very complicated and the precision of the driveway plate surface is degraded.

Reinforcing ribs that extend a portion of the cylindrical pipe of the PS concrete stay pipe 2 to form a supporting shoulder 4 on which the support surface 5 of the driveway plate 3 is screwed ( 6) is required, which causes little unbalance, and no imbalance or asymmetry occurs when the concrete is produced by centrifugal casting.

When the concrete is manufactured according to the centrifugal casting method, a large hollow 7 is formed therein, and a cable or a supply pipe may be installed therein. When the PS concrete stay pipe 2 is manufactured by centrifugal casting, anchor bolts (9) are provided on the support section on the column (1), i.e. the end of the PS concrete stay pipe, which is generally 20 to 31 m long. There is an insert nut (8) which can be fixed. This anchor bolt serves to fix the PS concrete stay pipe 2 and the driveway plate 3 to the pillar 1 in the support bracket 10. In this regard, since the spring-type support leg 11 additionally installed is well known, the detailed description thereof will be omitted. 3 to 5, when the driveway plate is separated from the PS concrete stay pipe 2, it is very easy to increase the driveway in the curve section. To do this, simply insert a wedge plate 12 and an additional distance plate 13 into the fixed section of the driveway plate 3. Instead of this it is possible to rotate the PS concrete stay pipe about its longitudinal axis as shown in FIG. 6, in which case the structure of the bracket 10 must also be changed accordingly. The manufacture of driveway plates using several short individual plates is particularly desirable when the driveway rises as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, because the slope remains constant within the prefabricated driveway girder section with a length of 20 to 31m. This is because individual plates of about 6.20 m in length may have different slopes from one another.

7 and 8 schematically illustrate a cross-sectional view or a plan view of a roadway of a straight section. Here, one or several driveway plates 3 of 6.20 m in length are shown, which are arranged parallel to each other at regular intervals and are connected to each other with screws by a square pipe 14 in the support section. It is supported on the floor foundation 15 directly through two PS concrete stay pipes 2 '. The bottom foundation 15, which may additionally be equipped with anchor piers 16, should be installed at intervals of about 20 to 31 m in the present embodiment, as long as the length of the prefabricated driveway girder, in this embodiment. When supporting prefabricated driveway girders with transverse supporting walls, almost 10 times as much foundation is required. The space between the PS concrete and the square girder, as well as the inner through hollow 7 'of the PS concrete stay pipe 2' formed of a pipe having a substantially rectangular cross section, can be installed with a cable or a supply pipe. It is suitable as a space.

FIG. 9 shows a cross section of the corresponding section of FIG. 7, wherein the slope of the driveway is formed as a superelevation by a wedge plate 17 arranged on the foundation 15. .

FIG. 10 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a PS concrete stay pipe 2 showing a PS prestressed steel 20 or 21 arranged on different arc surfaces 18 or 19. PS prestressed steel is installed more densely in the lower half of the PS concrete stay pipe (2), which is loaded with a supporting shoulder (4), which is particularly heavy in this lower half section. This is because a load is applied. As shown in FIG. 11, this asymmetrical rebar distribution and asymmetrical distribution of the support ribs 22 for reinforcing the mold plate 23 can be utilized in the centrifugal mold 24 as follows. The increased reinforcement weight at the lower end of the PS concrete stay pipe is adjusted to match the concrete weight of the supporting shoulder and the supporting ribs 6 formed on the upper part to prevent unbalance and to reduce the centrifugal mold. Concrete can be produced with high rotational force.

Claims (18)

Prefabricated driveway girders and at least one reinforced hollow PS concrete-longitudinal girder and arranged transversely to the driveway and arranged on substructures constructed on-site or assembled, PS concrete-elongated The driveway plate 3 in a driveway for a ground driveway comprising a driveway plate 3 made of separate parts, which supports a girder on both sides, for example for a light rail vehicle such as a magnetic levitation track. PS concrete-elongated girder for the device comprising a flat top supporting shoulder 4 and formed as a PS concrete stay pipe 2, 2 ′ fabricated in a centrifugal casting manner. Driveway. 4. The driveway according to claim 1, characterized in that the supporting shoulder (4) is formed by a reinforcing rib (6) slightly wider than the cylindrical pipe. The driveway according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the driveway plate (3) is a concrete plate into which rebar is injected. The driveway according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the driveway plate (3) is a steel plate. The driveway plates (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the driveway plates (3) of each driveway support are fixed on the PS concrete stay pipes (2,2 ') at regular intervals. Driveway characterized in that consisting of. The PS concrete stay pipe (2) arranged in the center of the driveway plate (3) has an additional cast support bracket (10) for fixing to the column (1). 10) driveway characterized in that it is mounted. The driveway according to claim 6, characterized in that an insert nut (8) is installed in the PS concrete stay pipe (2) for screwing the anchor bolt (9) protruding into the support bracket (10). 8. The driveway according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the PS concrete stay pipe (2) has a rough surface at least in the section of the support bracket (10). 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein in the case of ground level driveway guides two PS concrete stay pipes 2 'connected in parallel to each other at regular intervals are directly on the floor foundation 15. Driveway characterized by being supported. 10. The driveway according to claim 9, wherein the PS concrete stay pipe not only has a supporting shoulder (4 ') at the top, but also has a flat side. 11. The driveway according to claim 10, wherein the PS concrete stay pipe (4 ') is made in the form of a pipe having a rectangular cross section with a long side standing vertically. 12. The steel according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the PS concrete stay pipe (2 ') is formed as a square profile in the support section (14) and can be screwed with the floor foundation (15). Driveway characterized in that the screw is connected to the frame. 13. The PS concrete stay pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein an intermediate wedge (12) and optionally a distance plate (13) are used to raise the driveway to one side in a curved section. A driveway, characterized in that it is inserted between the supporting shoulder 4 of the pipe 2 and the driveway plate 3. 14. The PS concrete stay pipe (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the PS concrete stay pipe (2) is rotated about its long axis to raise the driveway to one side in the curved section, thereby supporting the support bracket (10). Driveway characterized by being poured into. The driveway according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the PS concrete stay pipe (2 ') is supported on the concrete foundation (15) via a wedge-shaped intermediate support (17). . 16. The PS concrete stay pipe (2,2 ') is thicker in the lower lower section of its supporting shoulder (4,4'). Driveway characterized in that rebar is used or reinforced through a greater number of PS steels (20, 21). In the centrifugal concrete mold for producing the PS concrete stay pipe of the driveway according to claim 1, the self-deflection phenomenon of the mold due to the irregular PS in the cross section is rotationally symmetrical. A centrifugal concrete mold, characterized in that the PS concrete stay pipe is designed to be compensated by reinforcing ribs formed in the mold from the side. In the centrifugal concrete mold for producing the PS concrete stay pipe of the driveway according to claims 1 to 15, the support ribs 22 asymmetrically arranged around the rotating shaft 25 are PS concrete stays. It is mounted on the mold plate 23 that determines the shape of the stay pipes 2 and 2 'and the PS steels 20 and 21 are asymmetrically distributed to increase the concrete weight in the reinforcing ribs 6 section. Centrifugal concrete molds characterized in that the unbalance is compensated for.