KR20010107523A - Fiber board and method for producing it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a plush or low density fibrous sheet material into a high density fibrous sheet material, wherein the plush or low density fibrous sheet material is put into a hot plate type hot press in a state covered with a nonwoven fabric and / or a woven fabric to heat, compress, and cool it. This makes it possible to manufacture a high density, high strength fiberboard material with a simple manufacturing facility.

Description

Fiber board and its manufacturing method {Fiber board and method for producing it}

The present invention relates to a fiber board material, in particular can replace the hard board, gypsum board, rock wool used in the interior and exterior materials for building, bedding, furniture, and other industrial applications, and can be recycled and excellent insulation and sound absorption The present invention relates to a method for producing a fiber board of high density and high strength.

In building materials and industrial materials, rock wool, gypsum board, glass fiber, styropol, etc. are mainly used as insulation materials and hard boards composed of compressed wood and adhesives, but these boards are known to emit substances harmful to the human body and cannot be recycled. There is a problem such as causing environmental pollution.

The following methods are known in the patent literature in connection with the production of conventional fiberboard materials. For example, according to Korean Patent Publication No. 87-5764, a fibrous polypropylene is finely pulverized, and a web made by cutting a chemical fiber such as acrylic, polyester, and nylon to 10 mm or more is heated in a carding machine. It is presented a fiber board, which is formed by heating in a chamber for a certain time, cutting and compression molding into a press plate. However, this method has the disadvantage of breaking the sapphire into short fibers of about 10 mm, so that there is less tangle between the short fibers.

In addition, according to Korean Patent Publication No. 95-6863, the waste islands are cut into 50 to 100 mm long fibers, which are then spun on the other side of the machine to form a cotton mat, and then they are laminated in a certain thickness. There is known a method for producing a fiber board material by heating and pressing at high temperature and high pressure so that the fiber chambers are integrated with each other. However, the fiber sheet produced by the above method is molded at high temperature and high pressure, which causes the decomposition of the polymer material, which is a fiber constituent, and the inherent properties of the fiber are lost. In addition, the above-mentioned conventional methods also have a problem in that the working environment is poor and environmental pollutants are generated because they use waste islands.

Therefore, in recent years, the fiber board material is manufactured from the polyester-based fiber which is actively seeking to use for the use other than a textile for the production quantity too high.

In order to manufacture such a fiber board, a multi-stage compression method using a compression roll is usually used under heating. In this way, in order to manufacture a product having the same density and strength as that of a wood board or a gypsum board, which is used as a building interior material, The number of rolls should be increased more than several times and the pressing force of the compression roll should be increased gradually as it goes to the downstream compression roll. Therefore, the size of the device and the expansion of the installation space are inevitably increased, resulting in excessive production cost. In other words, the present invention cannot be used to manufacture products having a high density and strength as desired.

Therefore, there is an increasing demand for a method of manufacturing a high density, high strength fiberboard material at a low production cost in a simple device.

Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a high density, high strength fiberboard material at a low production cost in a simple device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a high density, high strength fiberboard material produced by the above method.

In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors studied a method of imparting high density and high strength to a fiber board material by a hot plate type hot press that has been used to impart high density and high strength to rock wool or wood board material, and as a result, heat-sealable fibers Heating and compressing a plush or low density fiberboard material containing a hot plate type hot press prevents the fiber melt from being fused to the hot plate to operate the machine, but at least the surface of the plush or low density fiberboard material in contact with the hot plate and / or the nonwoven fabric. In addition, it has been found that heating and compressing in a state covered with a woven fabric makes it possible to manufacture a fiber board having a strength comparable to that of existing rock wool products at a low production cost.

1 is an exemplary view for explaining the structure of a hot plate type hot press for rock wool production, which is used to manufacture the fibrous sheet of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic process diagram for explaining a method for producing a fiberboard according to one embodiment of the present invention

Figure 3 is a schematic process diagram for explaining a method for producing a fiberboard according to another embodiment of the present invention

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

10: hot press

11: heating plate

12: press means

20: Workpiece coated with woven or nonwoven fabric

Therefore, according to the present invention, in the manufacture of the fibrous sheet material, the workpiece, which is a silk or low density fibrous sheet material containing heat-sealing fibers, is put into a hot plate hot press to be heated and compressed, but is fused to the hot plate at the operating temperature of the hot plate hot press. A non-woven fabric or woven fabric, which is heated and compressed in a state of covering the surface and the back surface of the workpiece perpendicular to the compression direction of the heating plate at least, and formed into a high-density fiberboard material, and then discharged from a hot press to cover the nonwoven fabric or woven fabric. Provided is a method for producing a high density fiberboard material comprising the steps of cooling in a state.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 schematically illustrates a form of hot plate hot press applied in the present invention. The hot press 10 shown is equipped with several heating plates 11 and pressurizing means 12. The hot press type hot press of this type is used for manufacture of rock wool or compressed wood board material.

In the manufacturing method of the high-density fiberboard material of the present invention, the workpiece to be densified by heating and compressing in a hot plate type hot press is a heat-sealable fiber or a web laminate composed of a mixture of such fibers and other fibers or heating such a woolen face. The pressed low density fiberboard material is cut into a desired size and prepared.

In this method, such a workpiece is covered with a nonwoven or woven fabric at least on the front and back surfaces of the workpiece perpendicular to the compression direction of the heating plate before heating and compressing in a hot plate hot press. That is, the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece perpendicular to the compression direction of the heating plate are covered with a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric, or the entire surface of the workpiece is covered with a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric and then heated and compressed in a hot plate type hot press. The main function of the woven or nonwoven fabric in the present invention is to prevent fusion of the workpiece on the hot plate of the hot press during heating and compression. Therefore, it is preferable that the woven or nonwoven fabric is made of a high melting point fiber which is not fused to a heating plate during heat compression in a hot press. In addition, it is more effective if the material does not pyrolyze at the time of heat compression.

Listing methods of covering the surface of the workpiece with a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric, a method of covering only the surface and the backside of the workpiece perpendicular to the compression direction of the heating plate indicated by the transparent arrow with a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric as shown in FIG. Hereinafter, "method-1") and a method of covering the entire surface of the workpiece with a woven or nonwoven fabric (hereinafter referred to as "method-2") are shown.

Method-1 is preferred for bonding nonwovens or woven fabrics to the surface of the final product, and Method-2 is preferred for separating woven or nonwovens from the final product. Of course, the method-1 may also separate the woven or nonwoven fabric from the final product, but as will be described later, it is much more effective to apply the method-2 to manufacture the final product from which the woven or nonwoven fabric is separated.

In the method-1, the woven fabric or the nonwoven fabric may be attached in advance in the preparation step of the workpiece. For example, in the method-1, the woven fabric or the nonwoven fabric may be attached at any step in the production of the plush or in the production of the low density fiberboard material.

According to Method-2, the heat-sealed fibers are uniformly melted and fused over the inside and the outside of the workpiece during heating and compression of the workpiece, and the cooling is uniform, resulting in higher surface smoothness than that of Method-1. It is possible to manufacture a fiber board material of, because it is believed that when the steaming steamed rice cake in steamed rice cake steamed in the state of steaming rice cake is cooked evenly throughout the inside and outside.

In Method-2, the woven or non-woven fabric should be separated after cooling the work. The reason for this is that if the woven or non-woven fabric is separated before cooling, a cooling difference occurs between the inside and the outside of the plate, resulting in surface uniformity of the final product. This becomes bad. Thus, when applying Method-2, it is advantageous to provide sufficient heat retention to provide uniform heating and cooling. In the case of using the woven or non-woven fabric with insufficient thermal insulation in Method-2, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the face increases, resulting in poor surface uniformity of the final product. That is, wrinkles are likely to occur on the surface of the fibrous sheet due to uneven heating and cooling.

In addition, it is advantageous to use woven fabrics rather than nonwovens in Method-2 because it is easier to separate from the final product, a higher quality product can be obtained, and can be effectively reused in subsequent plate manufacturing processes.

It is preferable that this invention adjusts the thickness of the woven fabric or nonwoven fabric used suitably according to which method of method-1 and method-2 is applied. In other words, when applying Method-1, it is desirable to use a thin layer to prevent separation of the woven or nonwoven fabric from the final product, and in Method-2, the woven or nonwoven fabric is well separated from the final product using a thicker layer. It is desirable to provide sufficient warmth.

As the woven or nonwoven fabric, those made of synthetic fibers, natural fibers or mixed fibers thereof can be used. Although not particularly limited, the nonwoven fabric is preferably a long oil nonwoven fabric, and in particular, in the case of Method-2, a general polyester woven or cotton woven fabric having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more is effective in terms of separability and insulation. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned woven fabric, and if it has heat resistance that can withstand heating and compression and thermal insulation that can guarantee uniform heating and cooling, any thickness, weaving method and material can be effectively used. will be.

In the present invention, the fibers constituting the workpiece are made of a heat sealable fiber or a mixture of such fibers and other fibers, and the preferred content of the heat sealable fiber in the workpiece is 20% by weight or more. If the proportion of the heat-sealable fibers in the workpiece component fibers is less than 20% by weight, the strength of the plate becomes poor.

The heat-sealable fiber is a composite spinning of a first component composed of a fiber-forming polymer and a second component composed of one or two or more polymers having a melting point of 20 ° C. or more lower than the first component, more preferably 50 ° C. or more. Preferred composite fibers are preferred. It is also preferred that the composite fibers have a composite ratio of first component to second component of 90:10 to 40:60.

The shape of the composite fiber is well known in the form of the sheath type in which the first component forms the core and the second component forms the sheath, and the parallel type in which the first component and the second component are parallel. Fibers are mainly used for the production of heat-sealed nonwovens. Among these composite fibers, polyester-based composite fibers are in the spotlight as a raw material for replacing rock wool whose use is regulated. Such polyester-based composite fibers are produced by composite spinning a high melting point polyester as a first component and a low melting polyester as a second component. Examples of low-melting polyesters typically used in the production of polyester composite fibers include polymerized products of aliphatic diols and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having at least 4 carbon atoms; Copolymers of aliphatic diols, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 4 or more carbon atoms, and aromatic dicarboxylic acids; and the like. Examples of high-melting polyesters include polymerization products of aliphatic diols and aromatic dicarboxylic acids. Representative examples of high-melting polyesters are polyethylene terephthalates, so-called 'general polyesters'.

In addition, the composite fiber is a composite spinning by mixing a functional powder as a third component, for example, a powder having a far-infrared radiation effect, a deodorizing effect, an electromagnetic wave blocking effect, etc. with a first component, a second component or the first and second components. You can also use one. Thus, the fiberboard material manufactured using the composite fiber containing the functional powder is very effective to apply as a building interior material. Representative examples of such functional powders include charcoal powder.

As other fibers that can be mixed with the heat-sealable fiber, any fiber can be used as long as the fiber does not cause melting or large heat shrinkage during heating and compression for the manufacture of the fiberboard material. For example, natural fibers such as cotton and wool, semisynthetic fibers such as viscose rayon and cellulose fibers, synthetic fibers such as polyolefin fibers, polyamide fibers, polyester fibers and acrylic fibers, in particular inorganic fibers such as glass fibers and acet One kind or two or more kinds of fibers such as material fibers may be appropriately selected and used, and the amount thereof is suitably 80% or less based on the weight of the workpiece.

The fineness of the fibers constituting the workpiece is not particularly limited, and the fineness of the same fineness may be used or the fibers of various fineness may be mixed. Preferred fineness range is about 2-30 denier.

In this method, the melting of the heat-fusible fibers occurs during the heat compression of the workpiece, and the nonwoven or woven fabric should not be fused to the heating plate. For example, when the heat-sealable fiber is the aforementioned composite fiber, the operating temperature of the hot plate type hot press should be set to a temperature higher than the melting point of the second component and lower than the melting point of the first component. If the temperature at the time of heating and compression is higher than the melting point of the first component of the composite fiber, the strength and strength of the final product will be reduced.

Features and other advantages of the present invention as described above will become apparent from the following examples.

[Examples 1 and 2]

Horizontal x length consisting of parallel polyester composite fibers (melting point difference 55 ° C. between the first component and the second component) prepared by complex spinning of an aromatic polyester resin as a first component and a thermoplastic aliphatic polyester resin as a second component A thickness of 20 cm x 40 cm x 10 cm was heated and compressed at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the second component in a wood processing hot press to prepare a fiber sheet having a thickness of 2 cm.

However, in the case of Example 1, the fiber board was manufactured by peeling the woven fabric after heating, compressing, and cooling in a state of wrapping the plush with a general polyester woven cloth having a thickness of 1 mm, and in Example 2, the same surface area as that of the plush was produced. Fiber sheets were prepared by heating, compressing and cooling two sheets of ordinary polyester long fiber nonwoven fabric having a size of 20 cm × 40 cm × 0.1 mm, respectively, attached to the front and back surfaces of the back surface perpendicular to the compression direction of the hot press heating plate. It was.

The fiber board materials of Examples 1 and 2 were easily discharged from the hot press without being pressed against the heating plate, and the fiber board material of Example 1 was superior in surface smoothness than the fiber board material of Example 2.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to manufacture highly compressed fiberboard materials with high quality uniformity by simple manufacturing facilities and processes.

Claims (7)

In the manufacture of the fibrous sheet material, a non-woven fabric or woven fabric which is heated or compressed by being put into a hot plate type hot press containing a workpiece or a low density fibrous sheet material containing heat-sealable fibers, but which is not fused to the hot plate at the operating temperature of the hot plate type hot press. The steps of heating and compressing in a state of covering the surface and the back surface of the workpiece perpendicular to the compression direction of the heating plate at least to form a high-density fiberboard material and then discharged from the hot press to cool the nonwoven or woven fabric Method for producing a high-density fiberboard material comprising a. The method of claim 1, wherein the content of the heat-sealing fibers in the workpiece is 20% by weight or more. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat-sealable fiber is prepared by complex spinning a first component consisting of a fiber-forming polymer and a second component consisting of one or two or more polymers having a melting point of 20 ° C. or more lower than the first component. Method for producing a fibrous sheet, characterized in that the composite fiber. The method of claim 3, wherein the heating and pressing temperature of the hot press is higher than the melting point of the second component of the composite fiber and lower than the melting point of the first component. The method for producing a fiberboard material according to claim 1, wherein the woven fabric is separated from the fiberboard material after the above heating, compression, and cooling in a state where the entire surface of the workpiece is covered with a woven fabric. The method for producing a fibrous sheet material according to claim 5, wherein the woven fabric is a general polyester woven or cotton woven fabric having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more. A fiber board material produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.