KR20010097549A - Method and system for payment gurantee in commerce between business to business through a network - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a payment guarantee method in an inter-business transaction through a network, comprising the steps of: setting up a payment guarantee subsidiary on the network; Setting and registering the company information on the trading company and the credit limit of the trading company, and notifying the payment guarantee subsidiary of the main contract information based on the trading contract concluded between the buying company and the selling company through the network. And at least one of the buying company, the selling company, and the transport company notifies the payment guarantee subsidiary via the network of goods acquisition and delivery process information, and the payment guarantee subsidiary is provided with the main contract details and the Review the information on the receipt and delivery of the item to determine whether it is paid and Determining whether the gold claims and charges and the payment assurance subsidiary bodies pay the determined amount paid to the selling enterprise, characterized by comprising the step of billing a charge determined on the number of businesses. This makes it possible to easily realize payment guarantees and guaranteed transactions in business-to-business transactions through the network, and to create, deliver and review documents required for payment or billing for payment guarantees and transactions. Time and costs can be saved.

Description

Method and system for payment gurantee in commerce between business to business through a network}

The present invention relates to a payment guarantee and payment guarantee system of inter-company transactions, and more particularly, to a payment guarantee and payment method of inter-company commerce through a network, and a payment guarantee and payment system for realizing the same.

The current credit system, which is typically used as a payment guarantee method in inter-business transactions, is a method in which buyers directly exchange goods and receipts (documents for bank payment) in domestic transactions, and buyers in international transactions. Although it adopts a symbolic delivery method based on a method of exchanging shipping documents for bills of lading and commodities on behalf of the commodity, in reality, it is a symbolic delivery method in that both documents are delivered and paid for.

Figure 1 shows a schematic process of inter-business transactions using such a bank credit system.

In the Buying Company (20) and the Selling Company (30), which enter into a transaction contract in the form of payment by credit, and the Bank A (10) and the Bank A (10) who open a letter of credit at the request of the Buying Company (20). Bank B 11, which is notified of the written credit or negotiates shipping documents from the selling company 30, and a transporter 40 taking over the goods from the selling company 30 and transporting them to the buying company 20. Etc. are involved, and business transactions are carried out by guaranteeing payment and payment by a bank credit.

Due to the symbolic delivery method of the bank credit system, there is an inevitable risk, such as the possibility of the difference between the goods actually shipped and the goods specified on the bill of lading. As a supplementary measure to complement the characteristics of the bank's credit method in the real world transactions, a negotiated document list of credits is specified as a payment condition by specifying '3rd party inspection' conditions in the contract. In some cases, an 'inspection certificate issued by 3rd party' is required.

On the other hand, bank credits, which presuppose such symbolic delivery methods in inter-business transactions, are divided into two categories: first, conditional payment guarantee and second, payment of guaranteed documents and payment of documents meeting the conditions. can see.

For the first 'conditional payment guarantee', the bank evaluates the customer's credit and assigns a credit limit based on the evaluation. Within the credit limit, the customer (purchasing company) can request the bank to open a credit.

In the second role above, the main process is to consider whether the document is a negotiable document for payment. In this process, it takes considerable manpower and time to review the details of each letter of credit, bill of lading and shipping documents. In this case, a large amount of manpower or time is consumed, and significant interest costs are incurred due to the time required for issuing and delivering documents (between carrier and company, between company and bank, and between bank and bank).

In addition, the main elements of the document review are: ① whether the credit is authentic, ② whether the bill of exchange is the claim of a just beneficiary and within the amount of the credit, ③ the validity specified in each document (4) Is the claim within the document submission validity, L / C expiration validity, ④ Are all the full set negotiation documents present and justified, and ⑤ is the terms of the letter consistent with the contents of each document?

Each bank's letter of credit check checks whether the documents meet the above conditions. In the above paragraphs ①, ②, ③, ⑤ and ④, whether the bank has all the necessary documents is required. You can check if there is no mistake or overlook. In reality, however, there is a limit in confirming whether the necessary documents are justified (forgery documents).

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to more easily realize the 'conditional payment guarantee' of the inter-business commerce by the conventional bank credit by the payment guarantee method and the payment guarantee system in the inter-business commerce over the network, and at the same time It is intended to provide a method and system that can replace the process of issuing, submitting, and reviewing 'documents that meet the requirements' with the processing of data processes through the network without requiring a lot of manpower and cost, such as a credit system. .

As a result, in actual commerce, the current bank credit guarantees payment, ensuring that customers, especially buyers, do not pay unless the contractual terms are met, and that the sellers are paid if the contractual conditions are met. In order to do this, data processing through the network is performed. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a payment guarantee method and system that can reliably guarantee the guarantee of the payment guarantee method and system through the network according to the present invention as long as customers trust the current bank credit.

1 is a block diagram showing an inter-business transaction process by a conventional bank credit;

2 is a block diagram showing an inter-business transaction process by the payment guarantee method through the network according to the present invention;

3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the payment guarantee subsidiary server of FIG.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of registering a commerce company whose credit is granted by a payment guarantee institution using the payment guarantee method and system according to the present invention;

5 is a flowchart illustrating a process of inputting main contract (commercial contract) information by a trading company according to the present invention;

6 is a flow chart showing a payment process of inter-company transactions according to the present invention,

7 is a flowchart illustrating a process of determining and processing a problem when a problem occurs in a transaction guaranteed by the payment guarantee system according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: payment guarantee auxiliary server 101: control unit

102: Payment guarantee institution and company information DB 103: Commerce contract information DB

104: Acquisition and delivery process information DB 105: Subsidiary contract assistance information DB

106: Subsidiary Contract DB 200: Buying Company

300: Seller 400: Carrier

500: Payment guarantee institution (bank)

The above object is, according to the present invention, in the payment guarantee method in the inter-business commerce over the network, the step of setting up a payment guarantee subsidiary on the network, and the payment guarantee institutions such as banks through the network to buy companies And setting and registering corporate information on at least one trading company and a credit limit of the trading company, and the main contract information based on a transaction contract concluded between the buying company and the selling company through the network. Notifying the subsidiary body, at least one of the buying company, the selling company, and the transport company notifying the payment guarantee subsidiary of the goods receiving and delivering process information through the network; Review the contents of the main contract and the information of the process of acquiring and delivering the goods, and confirm the payment Or the amount of cash; and the payment assurance subsidiary bodies to decide whether the claims and charges paid to the selling company paid the determined amount, and is achieved by the step of billing a charge determined on the number of businesses.

Here, the registering of the corporate information includes registering the electronic signatures of the buying company and selling company, and in the notifying of the main contract information, inputting contract contents and inputting the electronic signatures of the buying company and selling company. It can be configured to include the process. In addition, the notifying of the main contract information may further include allowing the input of the electronic signature only when the main contract amount does not exceed the credit limit. And, when the notification of the main contract information is ended, presenting information for a sub-contract including at least one of a transport, insurance and inspection contract based on the main contract information, and the buying company and the selling company according to the information provided. At least one of the side may be configured to further include the step of entering the subsidiary agreement by entering the subsidiary agreement information.

In addition, in the step of determining whether the payment is made and the amount of payment or billing, and the amount of the bill, the payment guarantee subsidiary examines the contents of the main contract and the information of the receipt and delivery of the goods, and if a predetermined problem occurs, Comprising a process of calculating and determining the compensation amount according to the cause, and in the payment or billing step, it may be configured to further include the process of paying or claim the determined compensation amount.

On the other hand, according to another field of the present invention, the above object is, a corporate information database for storing corporate information including the credit limit of the trading companies, the main contract information database for receiving and storing the main contract information from the trading companies, the number of copies A acquisition and delivery process information database for storing goods acquisition and delivery process information from at least one of a company, a selling company and a carrier, and whether to approve the main contract information based on the enterprise information is determined, and the main contract information and Comparing the acquisition and delivery process information to determine whether the payment to the selling company and the amount of payment to pay the determined payment amount to the selling company and to determine whether the billing from the buying company and the billing amount Control unit for claiming the determined billing amount to the purchase company It is achieved by the payment guarantee system in the inter-business commerce over the network, characterized in that.

Here, the enterprise information database further includes information on the electronic signature of the user company, wherein the control unit is configured to approve the transaction when the electronic signature of the trading companies and the contract amount is within the credit limit Can be.

And a subsidiary contract assistance information database for receiving and storing information for a subsidiary contract including at least one of transportation, insurance, and verification contracts based on the main contract information stored in the main contract information database; At least one of the company and the selling company may further include a sub-contract information database for storing information about the sub-contract concluded by entering subsidiary contract assistance information.

In addition, the controller compares the main contract information with the acquisition and delivery process information and determines a compensation amount according to the cause of the problem when the occurrence of a predetermined problem is recognized, and determines the compensation amount based on the purchase company or It may be configured to pay or bill the selling company.

As a preliminary process necessary to implement the payment guarantee method and system through the network as described above, the terms and conditions in accordance with the management policy of commercial operators, commercial law, international common practice and payment guarantee subsidiary operator (ie system operator) according to the present invention (system processing) Covenant). As an additional consideration to be considered in the above terms, it is essential for registered companies in the system according to the present invention to specify a 'main contract number and ID' when remitting to an account of a payment guarantee subsidiary. It will be based on the date of receipt into the opened account and the date of remittance from the account.

As described in the related art, 'conditional payment guarantee' is equally realized in the present invention among the two roles of the current bank credit system used in inter-business transactions. To this end, a payment guarantee institution, such as a bank, registers a credit limit for a customer, ie, an enterprise, through a network, wherein the credit limit is provided by a bank registered with the payment guarantee subsidiary body of the present invention to a corresponding company according to a predetermined criterion. To guarantee payment. Accordingly, on the basis of compliance with the above system processing rules and terms, the payment guarantee institutions and trading companies enter into a payment guarantee system by signing a contract with the payment guarantee subsidiary, and a registered company as a customer is established on the network implemented payment guarantee system. In the case of a purchase contract within the limits of the credit, the buyer and the seller who are registered under this contract will be 'conditional payment guarantee' by electronic signature.

On the other hand, with regard to the process of exchanging documents that meet the conditions and guaranteed payments, the current bank credit system is taking the symbolic delivery method of payment through the documents, most effectively overcoming physical and time constraints. This is because it is the most equitable method among trading partners.

However, in the present invention, the purchasers and sellers who are parties to the main contract and the carriers, insurance companies, and inspectors who are parties to the contract attached to the main contract are directly inputted to determine whether the documents meet the conditions in the commercial transaction by the credit. Judgment is based on a valid digital signature stored in the company information database. In other words, what the bank employee judged by reviewing the documents is automatically determined by data processing by the payment guarantee system through the network. Accordingly, documents issued by a third party outside of the system of the present invention, that is, a member other than a transaction party, a carrier, an insurance company, or an inspector, who are not directly members on the network of the system, are supplemented through the processing of the follow-up compensation. can do.

Compared to the conventional form of credit, where the documents that meet the conditions are met and the guaranteed payment is made, the "checking whether the documents meet the conditions" in the process can be replaced by:

Among the elements of the review discussed above, part of '⑤ Is the terms of the credit and the contents of each document consistent?' Is it within the amount, ③ Is the claim within the validity (shipment validity, documents submission validity, L / C expirationvalidity) specified in each document 'payment composed of several DB and control unit including the main contract information DB 101 stored in the system of the present invention It can be reviewed and processed by the assurance subsidiary server 100 (see FIGS. 2 and 3). Therefore, in the case of international transactions, necessary documents other than those for presentation to third parties outside the system of the present invention, such as customs clearance documents required by the authorities of the importing country, are presented to third parties (excluding trading parties, carriers, insurance companies, inspectors, etc.). It is possible to solve the problem since it can be downloaded and printed on the system of the present invention even if necessary for the third party.

And, if there is a contradiction in the other part of '⑤ whether the terms of the credit and the contents of each document are consistent', that is, the contents of the third-party issued documents, the problem is caused by the contradiction. You can do it.

In addition, in the paragraph '4. Do you have all the full set negotiation documents presented in the letter of credit', 'there is all the documents'? As such, the confirmation of this is resolved by the carrier's responsibility as a prerequisite to be checked when the carrier takes over the goods under the contract of carriage. To this end, a contract is made between the system operator and the carrier that obliges the carrier not to take over the goods for transportation if all the main contractual documents notified to the carrier in advance via the network are not available. As a result, the burden on the carrier is relatively heavy, but it is not a duty to check the 'content' of the documents, but only to check if there is a document with a title on the document list, so it requires only relatively simple caution. In other words, the carrier may output a list of goods and documents to be received on the network and check them one by one. In practical operation, the existing system also obliges the carriers to check the goods they have received for transport and issue bills of lading in accordance with the identified details. Furthermore, in the case of multimodal transportation, the carrier is responsible for receiving the documents, so there are many carriers who will accept the burden of responsibility as above, and how the carrier can be envisioned for the seller, which is the cause provider. You can also look ahead.

In addition, in the section ④ Do you have all the full set negotiation documents presented in the letter of credit, the confirmation of whether the documents are all justified (ie, counterfeit documents) is the same as above. As solved within the system of the present invention. This is because transport documents, insurance documents and inspection certificates are all electronically signed by the issuing company. In the case of third-party issuance, it is possible to solve the problem in advance if the authorities of the countries of the world issue the certificate on the network. Otherwise, it can be solved by the post-indemnity processing automatically in the system.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 is a block diagram of a system for implementing a payment guarantee method in an inter-enterprise commerce over a network according to the present invention.

The roles of the buyer 200, the seller 300, and the carrier 400 existing on the network are the same as those of the buyer 20, the seller 30, and the carrier 40 of FIG. 1. The payment guarantee subsidiary server 100 represents a server operated through a network in the payment guarantee subsidiary. In the present invention, the purchase guarantee 200, the seller 300, the carrier 400, etc. in the payment guarantee subsidiary server 100 using a network implemented in the form of a LAN (LAN) or WAN (WAN), etc. In order to do this, they are linked together by registering by a certain registration procedure. In addition, as a payment guarantee institution 500, the bank sets the credit limit evaluated for individual companies in the same manner as before, and operates the payment guarantee subsidiary on the basis of its creditworthiness and payment guarantee ability in order to open a letter of credit. It can be registered for use, and the bank itself can be an operator of the payment guarantee subsidiary.

3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the payment guarantee subsidiary server 100 of FIG.

The company information DB 102 stores basic information about the relevant company, including electronic signature information on the purchaser 100 and the seller 200, and in particular the credit limit of the purchaser 100, which is important for issuing letters of credit. It is stored together. In addition, information about creditworthiness or payment guarantee ability of banks, which are payment guarantee institutions 500, which intends to use the payment guarantee assistance institution, is stored. Therefore, the credit limit of the buying company may be set by a bank registered with the payment guarantee subsidiary according to the present invention and recognized as having a payment guarantee ability. In addition, the basic company information about the carrier 400, insurance companies, inspectors, etc. are also stored in the company information DB.

The main contract information DB 103 receives and stores main contract (commercial contract) information on merchandise trading concluded between the purchasing company 100 and the selling company 200. In the payment guarantee system of the present invention, 'payment at or X days after receipt thecargo' or 'payment after shipment date' as a payment term at the conclusion of a main contract on an international transaction. You can choose from a number of conditions that are current in international trade, such as at or X days after on board. And the price term or trade term can use the terms used in the current international trade. In the case of CIF and CFR, which are the most used in current international transactions, the cost to the port of arrival is the responsibility of the seller, but the risk after shipment is considered as the most reasonable condition by the buyer. However, in order to secure the buyer's responsibility and the seller's responsibility according to the system structure of the present invention, using the third price condition that combines the existing delivered duty unpaid (DDU) and CIF or CFR, the cost to the buyer's designated place after the customs clearance The burden is on the seller (DDU), and customs responsibility and risks after delivering the cargo to the carrier may be fair to use the terms of the buyer (CIF, CFR). The DDU term is rarely used because the seller bears the risk up to the destination and the seller cannot effectively cope with local inland transportation or customs procedures in the buyer's country. However, in the case of the mixed conditions, the risk is the buyer's responsibility, the destination inland transportation is the responsibility of the carrier registered in the payment guarantee system through the network, and the customs clearance is also the buyer's responsibility. This can be a useful price condition. In order to protect the Buyer, if the Buyer's domestic customs clearance problem occurs due to a defect in the third party's issuance document, the post-compensation system will be processed in accordance with the DDU in the current complex transport conditions. It must be included.

Acquisition and delivery process information DB 104 stores the acquisition and delivery process information input from at least one side of the trading company (200, 300) and the carrier (400). The acquisition and delivery process information includes items and quantities of goods based on the contents of the main contract, packing, list of documents (third party issued), expected arrival date and process of destination, and the date of shipment (or shipment) of the selling company. It can be checked whether the contract information is within the validity of the shipment (or shipment) of the main contract information. In addition, the acquisition and delivery process information DB (104), such as confirmation of the acceptance or transportation process of the carrier, confirmation or rejection of the acquisition of the buyer, delay in customs clearance or customs clearance, and the causes of problems caused by standardized by the payment guarantee subsidiary The occurrence of problems due to customs clearance is also input through the network and stored.

The subsidiary contract assistance information DB 105 includes subsidiary information necessary to conclude a subsidiary contract including at least one of transportation, insurance and verification contracts based on the main contract information stored in the main contract information DB 103, such as standard shipping fee and standard. Information such as insurance rate, standard test fee rate, and rates for non-standard services are input and stored. Subsidiary contract DB 106 includes a subsidiary contract concluded by a carrier or the like based on the subsidiary subsidiary information with at least one of the buying company 200 and the selling company 300 according to the subsidiary subsidiary information. It is storing information.

The transportation, insurance and verification contracts are selected in accordance with the contract terms of the main contract information based on the company information entered by the carrier, the insurance company and the inspector wishing to use the system of the present invention to the payment guarantee subsidiary on the network. May be

The controller 101 determines whether to approve the main contract information stored in the main contract information DB 102 based on the company information including the credit limit and the electronic signature stored in the corporate information DB 102. In particular, the transaction will be approved if the digital signatures of the trading partners match and the contract amount is within the credit limit. In addition, the main contract information and the acquisition and delivery process information are compared to determine whether the payment for the selling company 300 and the amount of payment, and whether the billing and the amount of the bill from the buying company 200, and determine the payment amount Pay the selling company 300 and bills the determined amount to the buying company 200 Meanwhile, when comparing the main contract information and the acquisition and delivery process information, such as the clearance delay stored in the acquisition and delivery process information DB Based on the fact that the problem occurs, as described further below, the reason for the fault is determined, the compensation amount is calculated according to a predetermined standard, and the compensation is made to the responsible person or paid to the victim to be reflected in the determination of the payment amount.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of registering a company that has provided credit by a payment guarantee institution, such as a bank, which intends to open a current letter of credit and purchase shipping documents through a payment guarantee system according to the present invention.

First of all, if a registered bank enters into a transaction agreement with a payment guarantee subsidiary in advance (S1) and enters the information and credit limit of the company to which the bank has given credit (credit), the bank's own electronic signature, etc. S3), the payment guarantee subsidiary determines the validity of the payment guarantee ability and the electronic signature of the bank entered in advance (S5), and accordingly, a company that has been granted the above credit can do business on the network. Determine the recognition (S7). Accordingly, in case of ineligible company, registration is denied. In case of ineligible company, the entered company information and credit limit are stored in the corresponding DB (S9), and the ID (ID) and password of the corresponding company are given (S11). The registration process ends. Therefore, companies who wish to conduct commerce through the payment guarantee system according to the present invention pay by inputting an ID (ID notified to the bank in the process of FIG. 4) received from their bank (bank registered with the payment guarantee institution). After accessing the warranty system, the registration for using the payment guarantee subsidiary is terminated by registering an additional company information and an ID and an electronic signature to be used for future transactions.

5 is a flowchart illustrating a process in which a commerce company registered in a payment guarantee system according to the present invention is connected through a network to perform a contract for commerce.

First, when a company wishing to make a transaction connects (Q1), it is determined whether it is a registered company (Q3), and in the case of an unregistered company, the registration process is required (Q5). Q7). The main contract information is output by the payment guarantee subsidiary standardized in accordance with the existing letter of credit opening form to the company through the network, and the company inputs using this form. The contract amount of the registered purchaser 200 among the inputted main contract information is compared with the credit limit of the purchaser set in step S9 of the registration procedure (Q9). If the contract amount exceeds the credit limit, an error is displayed (Q11), and the main contract information is input again. If the contract amount is within the credit limit, an electronic signature is required (Q13).

Accordingly, the main contract information is stored in the main contract information DB 103 (Q15), and based on the main contract information, a sub-contract including at least one of transportation, insurance and verification contracts stored in the subsidiary contract auxiliary information DB 105 is formed. When the subsidiary contract information is input based on the above-described subsidiary information (Q19), and the subcontractors sign the electronic signature (Q21), the subsidiary contract information is accordingly the subsidiary contract DB 106. As a result, the contract procedure for commerce is terminated. Here, the subsidiary contracts such as the transport, insurance, and inspection contracts may be concluded based on company information such as a carrier, insurance company, inspector, etc. previously stored in the company information DB 102 according to the contract conditions of the main contract information.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of making a payment in the payment guarantee system according to the present invention.

Either of the selling company, the buying company, or the carrier (which may be one of the insurance company or the inspector, in addition to the carrier) may provide information on the process of acquiring and transferring the goods to be shipped and transported in accordance with the main contract. When inputted to the payment guarantee institution server through (L1) it is stored in the acquisition and delivery process information DB 104, in contrast to the input and delivery process information and the main contract information (L3), it determines whether the payment is eligible ( L5). When the problem occurrence information is input before payment, when the acquisition and delivery process information and the main contract information are prepared, the process of FIG. 7 is prepared in consideration. Accordingly, if it is determined that the payment is eligible, the payment amount and the billing amount are determined according to the terms and conditions of the main contract information, the input and transfer process information of the main contract information, and the result of the process (step J9) of FIG. 7 (L9), and the determined payment amount The transaction is completed by paying and charging the determined charge amount (L11). If it is not eligible for payment, the buyer or seller shall be notified (L7) and follow up accordingly. The terms of the contract depend on the contents of the contract between the buying company and the selling company stored in the main contract information DB. In addition, when the buyer or seller fails to pay the payment obligation determined by the payment guarantee subsidiary, the bank, etc., which is the payment guarantee institution that has guaranteed payment for the transaction of these companies, may take over the obligation.

In the following cases, input of the acquisition information is rejected by the controller in relation to the preparation of the acquisition and delivery process information. In other words, even if at least one of the selling company or the buying company has not concluded any one of the subsidiary contracts based on the main contract, or in particular, the conditions of the main contract require the inspection contract and the result of inspection by the inspector, If no information is given, or if the date of receipt of the goods required by the main contract has passed, the transaction will not be established.

7 illustrates a process in which a payment guarantee system according to the present invention causes a problem in the delivery process of an article based on a main contract concluded for an international transaction, and when the notification is made to a payment guarantee subsidiary through a network, a pre- or post-compensation is performed. It is a flowchart showing.

If the delivery process is notified prior to the determination of eligibility for payment (ie, before the date of payment in the main contract), the preliminary reparation process for determining whether to pay the payment, the amount of payment, whether or not the charge is made, and the amount of the bill is made. In addition, if the issue of delivery process is notified after the payment is completed as a result of the payment, the company will go through the post-reimbursement process such as a cash refund accordingly, and customs clearance is impossible due to the reasons attributable to the seller, buyer, or carrier. Cases and cases where customs clearance is delayed can be explained.

In this case, if the fact that the buyer refuses to take over the goods is entered in the acquisition information DB, the payment process does not proceed if the acquisition of the buyer is made under the terms of the main contract (not eligible for payment). In this case, the time series is processed in the payment eligibility determination process L5 of FIG. 6. In the general case where the purchaser's takeover (shipping, etc.), not the takeover's takeover, is a condition for payment, regardless of whether the purchaser takes over, the payment process proceeds solely based on the fact that the carrier takes over. In this case, the time series is processed in the payment eligibility determination process (L5) of FIG. 6, and the repurchase process of the buying company or the delayed interest does not occur (since there is no acquisition), so that the compensation process such as delayed interest does not proceed. do.

In this case, it is the carrier or its agent (customs agent; customs agent, etc.) who are responsible for transmitting the facts and causes of the customs clearance problem and the result to the payment guarantee subsidiary through the network. All notifications are then clicked by the payment guarantees subsidiary via a network to select from standardized items as illustrated below. Field is to replace part of the paperwork with the above input process).

If the carrier (or agent) inputs the problem occurrence information of the delivery and delivery process information of the goods shipped and transported according to the main contract to the payment guarantee subsidiary server through the network (J1), this is the acquisition and delivery process information DB (104). ), And based on the data entered, it is determined whether it is the responsibility of the seller (J3) or the buyer (J5) or the carrier (J7). According to each result, it is judged whether it is before or after payment based on the main contract (J9). Accordingly, in the case of before payment, the payment and billing amount L9 reflecting the payment and billing status L5 and the compensation amount according to the terms and conditions is made through the process of FIG. 6 (L3). If it is after payment, the compensation amount is decided according to the terms (J11), the compensation amount is charged to the responsible person and paid to the victim (J13).

In this case, the following five items are notified to the carrier through the network to facilitate the determination of liability and compensation by standardizing the notification form of problem occurrence and cause information (to prevent the occurrence of a post-conflict dispute by inputting ambiguous phrases). According to the customs clearance, the responsible person shall notify the customs officer by clicking on any one of the three causes listed below or any one of the two caused by the customs. do.

Cause 1) Third-party issuance documents are missing, 2) Third-party issuance documents are defective 3) Third-party issuance documents are defective, Problem items 1) Delay in customs clearance, 2) Final clearance is not possible.

In order to determine liability and reimbursement amount, each processing is carried out for each combination whose variables are the payment terms in the main contract, the reported problem and cause of the system, the date of the process of the system and the settlement date of the main contract. The process is prepared in the payment guarantee subsidiary server. A meaningful combination among the combinations of the variables and a description of each processing for each meaningful combination are as follows.

First, let's take a look at the case of reparation process caused by the selling company.

In this case, the reason for the fault of the selling company is that the letter on the document (issued by a third party outside the system) differs from the letter on the contract, which delays customs clearance or prevents customs clearance.

If the customs clearance is delayed due to the selling company's fault, the compensation process for damages varies according to the terms of payment.In the case of 'payment at or X days after receipt', As a result, the purchaser enters information regarding the confirmation of the acquisition late into the acquisition and delivery process information DB. As a result, the payment is late, and there is no need to consider a separate compensation. However, if the payment condition is 'payment at or after on board', the delayed loss due to payment based on the date of shipment (acquisition of the carrier) despite the delay of the buyer's receipt of goods due to customs delay. The buyer is required to pay the delayed interest calculated by the seller below based on the formula below. Here, the difference period is a period corresponding to the difference between the date of entering the fact that the customs clearance problem occurred in the acquisition and delivery process information DB and the date of completion of the clearance. Terms and conditions Interest rate is the interest rate that applies to the delay, the interest calculated in the manner specified in the terms and conditions below.

Calculation Equation ①: Deferred Interest = Applicable Transaction Transaction Value × Terms & Conditions Interest Rate × (difference period ÷ 360)

Under the above payment conditions, the time series problem check may be before or after the payment by the main contract. After checking whether the payment is made by the main contract, and before the payment is made to the selling company, the interest is paid to the main contract at the time of payment. After deducting from the transaction price according to the payment, if thereafter, the interest is charged to the selling company.

And even if customs clearance is not possible due to the fault of the selling entity, the compensation process for damages varies depending on the terms of payment.In the case of 'payment at or X days after receipt', Since the company cannot take over the settlement, the settlement is not proceeded. As a result, the seller is the selling company, but it is due to the cause of its own responsibility. However, if the terms of payment are 'payment at or X days after on board', the source of the loss is the buyer. Accordingly, if the time when the final notice of non-customs clearance is entered into the acquisition information DB is before the due date of the purchaser under the main contract, the buyer's obligation to deposit is canceled and the seller's billing right is cancelled. However, if the customs clearance is not possible after the deposit period of the buyer, the period interest calculated according to the following formula ② shall be charged with the transaction price already paid to the seller for the difference period. Here, the difference period is the period between the deposit date of the purchaser under the main contract and the date on which the final notification of non- Customs clearance is entered.

Calculation ②: Period interest = corresponding item transaction amount × terms and interest rate × (difference period ÷ 360)

In addition, it is determined whether the purchaser has deposited the deadline, and if the deposit is not received by the deadline, the purchaser's obligation to deposit is terminated. If the deposit is not received by the deadline, the buyer is not making a deposit even after the deadline. Even in this case, the system, which is the payment guarantee subsidiary, has already paid the seller to the seller under the guarantee, and the interest caused You will be compensated with a late interest.

Explain the compensation process necessary in the event of reimbursement due to the buyer's fault. Here, the reason for the fault of the buying company is that the system of the importing country has occurred even though the letters on the documents (documents issued by a third party who are not members of the system) match with the letters on the contract. One case may arise.

If the customs contract is delayed due to the buyer's fault, if the payment terms in the main contract are 'payment at or X days after on board' There is no need to consider the compensation process. However, if the terms of payment are 'payment at or X days after receipt', information on the acknowledgment of the buyer is delayed due to the customs clearance and the payment is delayed. Become a subject. Therefore, late interest is collected from the buyer and paid to the seller. The interest on the customs delay period shall be calculated based on the following formula ③. Here, the difference period is a period corresponding to the difference between the date of entry of the fact that a customs clearance problem occurs in the acquisition information DB and the date of entry of the completion of customs clearance.

Calculation Equation ③: Deferred Interest = Applicable Item Transaction Value × Terms and Conditions Interest Rate × (difference period ÷ 360)

If it is impossible to clear customs due to the fault of the buying company, it is consistent with the non-defective documents (third-party issued documents), that is, contracts, but due to problems in the import international diagram, customs clearance problems are entered into the acquisition information database, and finally customs clearance is not entered. If the customs clearance or non-customs clearance is not entered within a certain period of time. In this case, the acknowledgment information of the acquiring company is regarded as the same as that entered, and if the payment condition in the main contract is 'payment at or X days after receipt', the acknowledgment of the acquiring company is the date of occurrence. If the payment is made and the payment is made at 'X payment after or X days after on board', the payment is not made or the post-indemnity process is not carried out other than the payment made at the past.

Finally, the case where the compensation problem is caused by the carrier's fault. Here, the carrier's fault is a violation of the contractual terms of the carrier with the payment guarantee subsidiary, and it is necessary to check when the carrier accepts the goods under the subsidiary contract (the payment guarantee subsidiary is subject to the main contract conditions. This means that the third party issuing documents notified to the carrier via the network has been confirmed, and there is a missing required document (third-party issuing document outside the system), which delays customs clearance or prevents customs clearance. One case may occur. It is designed to cover the carrier's due diligence in cases where it is difficult to occur in reality.

If the customs clearance is delayed due to the carrier's fault as mentioned above, the payment guarantee subsidiary will claim the delayed interest specified in the agreement to the carrier, determine the subject of the damage and delay the damage to the injured party from the carrier. This involves paying the interest collected. At this time, the delayed interest is calculated based on the following calculation formula ④ by calculating the difference period between the date that the entry of the customs clearance problem is entered in the acquisition information DB and the date when the clearance is entered.

Calculation Equation 4: Deferred Interest = Applicable Transaction Value × Terms and Conditions × Rate (Difference Period ÷ 360)

At this time, if the payment terms in the main contract are 'payment at or X days after receipt', the takeover of the buyer is delayed due to the customs clearance delay, and therefore the settlement of the payment is delayed, thereby selling interest losses as much as the delay period. The company pays the delayed interest to the selling company because it is undertaken. If the payment terms in the main contract are 'payment at or X days from (after) on board', the transaction price is paid based on the date of shipment, even though the acquisition of goods by the buyer is delayed due to the customs clearance. And because it is charged, the late interest is paid to the buyer.

On the other hand, if the customs clearance is not possible due to the carrier's fault, it is first determined whether the time of customs clearance is before or after the due date set forth in the main contract. In this case, before the payment deadline, the entire amount of the transaction is charged to the carrier and the buyer is obliged to pay the payment (ie, the result of the carrier paying the seller). If it is after the deposit deadline, the carrier shall be charged the delayed interest calculated based on the price of the goods and the calculation formula 5 below. In this case, the difference period corresponds to the difference between the deposit deadline of the purchaser under the main contract and the date entered by the final notification of the inability to clear customs.

Calculated Equation 5: Deferred Interest = The Transaction Value of the Item x Terms of Interest Rate x (Difference Period ÷ 360)

In this case, if the buyer has deposited the payment deadline, the buyer pays the transaction price and delayed interest collected from the carrier (meaning the refund of the transaction price and interest). Terminate duty.

Through the pre- and post-compensation process described above, the payment guarantee of the present invention includes the process of unpaid and requesting refund and the interest generation and payment process according to the current credit system. Auxiliary systems may be substituted.

Hereinafter, an example of commerce made using the payment guarantee method and system of the present invention as described above will be described.

Currently, the multinational bank (A ') has set a US $ 1 million credit limit for a US commerce company, and a Korean company (D) has set a US $ 1 million credit limit. In general, the credit limit is stricter than the latter. The bank A ', the payment guarantee institution, now enters into a business contract (ie, payment guarantee contract) with the payment guarantee subsidiary body of the present invention in order to automate its work on a network (hereinafter referred to as web). In addition, the bank A 'accesses the payment guarantee subsidiary server of the present invention through the web and registers its trading company C and D as its customers. Receive the ID of the company (C, D) output from the payment guarantee subsidiary server.

Another payment guarantee bank (B ') registers his Korean customer (E) and US customer (F) in the same way as above, and receives an ID.

The operator of the payment guarantee subsidiary of the present invention may enter into a cooperative agreement with an international intermodal carrier such as UPS, an insurance company and a reputable certification company such as SGS in advance, and these carriers may also use the payment guarantee system through the web. It is registered to be. When the bank (A ') and the bank (B') notifies the respective companies of the IDs of the companies, the corresponding companies use the notified IDs to connect to the server of the payment guarantee subsidiary of the present invention through the web and then The entire registration process is terminated by registering data on additional company information, ID, and digital signature for transaction.

Previously, if the company (C) wanted to enter into a $ 500,000 international contract with the company (E), they did not know each other's degree of credit well, so they chose to open a letter of credit and pay for the selling company (C). The contract is insecure until the company (E) opens a letter of credit and the letter of credit is delivered to him via the bank channel. Now, when two companies complete and complete a contract as in the following example on the web established by the payment guarantee subsidiary according to the present invention, it means that the payment guarantee subsidiary recognizes the electronic signature of the purchase company (E). It means a transaction within the limits of the guarantee ability of any bank registered with the institution, and it has the same meaning as the receipt of a credit.

Seller: C, buyer: E, item: polyester yarn, qunaltity: 1000 m / t, unit price: US $ 500 / MT CIFc Busan port, amount: US $ 500,000.shipment: not later than July 15th, 2000, by marine vessel container, payment at on board. inspection certificate issued by SGS required, certificate of origin confirm USA origin required.

Now, the selling company (C) prepares the above products and makes a contract with the transportation company, the insurance company, and the inspection company, respectively, by using the web established by the payment guarantee subsidiary body according to the present invention. Specify the date of inspection and shipping date and input through the web to the server of the payment guarantee subsidiary. If it is specified after the above date, it will be treated as an error so that the carrier or inspector will not be able to take over or inspect the goods unless it is before this date.

If the selling entity (C) has designated the date as June 30, then the specification or weight of the goods, which is inspected by SGS and notified by the payment guarantee subsidiary in accordance with the contract, shall If it matches, issue a certificate on the web and input the electronic signature. Only when the above input is present and the signature data of the insurance contract is received, the carrier's takeover signature (existing B / L) is accepted, and when there is no required input and data, error handling is performed to monitor the faithful fulfillment of the above conditions. . In addition, the carrier must match the contents, quantity and certificate of origin in terms of the goods received by the payment guarantee subsidiary in accordance with the above contract (the same as the contract of sale with the selling company (C)). (Which is the same as the existing carrier's multimodal transport service).

The selling entity (C) now completes its obligations through the web established by the system to sign an acknowledgment that the terms of the above agreement have been met and the carrier is valid.

If the carrier signs a valid signature and enters the shipment completion (ie complete on board), and based on this date, the Buyer (E) shall sign the contract number and his ID in the account opened by the payment guarantee subsidiary. The amount of the transaction specified by US $ 500,000 shall be remitted by electronic means such as telegraphic transfer (this process is the same as that of the existing remittance method). The payment guarantee subsidiary checks the account address of the selling company (C) registered in the database of the payment guarantee subsidiary server on the basis of the date, regardless of whether the remittance is or not, and transfers a transaction amount of $ 500,000 to the account address. Remittance (To prevent the occurrence of interest due to jet lag, the terms of the deposit date and the date of remittance are specified in the agreement as described above).

The remittance of the Buying Company (E) (receipt to the Payment Guarantee Subsidiary Account) is confirmed by a separate process by the control unit, and if no payment is received, the delayed interest is added to the Buying Company (E) and the relevant Guarantee Bank (B '). Proceed with notifications through the web. If the Buyer (E) has fulfilled its obligations on the date above, there is no problem of a period interest payment since the transfer to the Payment Guarantee Subsidiary Account and the transfer from the Payment Guarantee Subsidiary Account occur on the same date. If the buyer (E) has sufficient information about the seller (C) and trusts it and sets the trade term to CIF, etc., the payment between the parties ends with this, but the buyer (E) is sent to the seller (C). If there is insufficient information on the protection of your own, you may need to pay more attention to your own protection. Third party terms of the above-mentioned DDU and CIF of the present invention (these are referred to as CIFc in the above agreement), existing DDU, Use the DDP condition. In the case of CIFc (Terms of arrival port after customs clearance) as in the above contract, the compensation process will be proceeded in the event of a problem after the fact.

If a cargo from any port in the United States arrives at pusan port after 25 days, the carrier (or its representative) notifies the purchaser (E) of the payment company via the web to the payment guarantee subsidiary, Enterprise (E) will send a customs clearance application in its name to the carrier (or its agent) in accordance with the informed schedule. Accordingly, the carrier shall receive the customs application and the shipping documents such as B / L which are down loaded through the web from the payment guarantee subsidiary and printed out and the certificate of origin which is acquired at the time of receipt of the goods from the selling company (C). ) Is submitted to the Busan Customs to apply for customs clearance on behalf of the Buying Company (E). The process by which the buyer (E) pays various taxes in accordance with the customs decision is separate from this process).

When the customs decides on customs clearance and issues an import exemption (IP), the carrier will enter the completion of the customs clearance into the payment guarantee subsidiary through the web and the above contract transaction process using the payment guarantee subsidiary will be terminated. If the customs withholds customs clearance for reasons of a certificate of origin (if there is a difference between the letters on the contract and the letters on the c / o), the carrier (or its agent) will provide this assistance. Notify the payment guarantee subsidiary and the contracting party by entering through the web to the institution. Accordingly, the carrier (or agent) returns the c / o document in question to the selling entity (C) to request correct information, and the selling company (C) corrects and reissues the returned c / o. Or send it to your agent so that the carrier (agent) can supplement the documents with Busan Customs. When the customs clearance is completed according to the supplement, the carrier (agent) enters the payment guarantee subsidiary through the web.

In the above process, it means that the acquisition of goods by the buyer (E) is delayed by the suspension period due to the customs clearance. The buyer (E) has already paid for the on board date according to the terms of the contract. For example, the payment guarantee subsidiary bills the selling entity (C), who is in charge of interest payment for the delay period (holding period), and pays it to the buying company (E). The correlation of unpaid periods at the time of purchase is as described above).

As in the above process, the payments are made automatically, whereas in the case of the billings, the payment obligation may not be made by the payer. In this case, the payment guarantee subsidiary server searches for the default amount and the debtor and the guarantee bank which is the payment guarantee institution, and bills the guarantee bank for the amount of the debt and overdue interest. Make a payment or take the debtor to his or her obligation.

It is the same as the existing credit that the bank, the payment guarantee institution, assigns the credit limit to the company, the customer, and what causes the credit (deposit, collateral, credit, third-party payment guarantee, ...) This is a separate matter from the actual operation of the payment guarantee subsidiary. If the bank, which is the payment guarantee institution, fails to perform the debt (the debt as a guarantor), the operator of this payment guarantee subsidiary shall settle the person directly by contacting the bank.

The payment of the costs under this ancillary contract (cost paid by Seller (C) to carrier, insurance company, or inspector) is not stated to be outside the scope of this application, but the Selling Company on the on-board date specified in the above Agreement. The amount to be paid in (C) can be determined as the cost of subsidiary contracts, or each carrier can receive it from the selling entity (C) on a prepaid basis.

As described above, according to the payment guarantee method and payment guarantee system in the inter-business commerce through the network of the present invention, it is possible to implement conditional payment guarantee more easily than the existing inter-business commerce method using a letter of credit. As a result, direct and opportunity costs can be saved from payments through banks and credits and between banks and companies. In addition, the process of reviewing documents that meet the conditions in the credit system is validated by valid electronic signatures between registered companies that have been confirmed to be eligible for registration, thereby reducing the manpower, time, and costs associated with issuing, delivering, and reviewing the documents. Excellent effects can be provided.

Claims (9)

In the payment guarantee method of commerce between companies through a network, Setting up a payment guarantee subsidiary on the network; A payment guarantee institution, such as a bank, through the network, setting and registering corporate information regarding at least one trading company and a credit limit of the trading company, Notifying the payment guarantee subsidiary of main contract information based on a transaction contract concluded between the buying company and selling company through the network; At least one of the buying company, the selling company, and the shipping company notifying the payment guarantee subsidiary of the goods receiving and delivering process information through the network; Determining, by the payment guarantee subsidiary, whether the payment is made and whether the payment amount or the billing amount and the amount of the bill is reviewed by reviewing the contents of the main contract and the information of receiving and delivering the goods; And the payment guarantee subsidiary pays the determined payment amount to the selling company, and bills the determined billing amount to the buying company. The method of claim 1, The registration of the company information includes registering a digital signature of the buying company and selling company, And in the notifying of the main contract information, inputting contract contents and inputting electronic signatures of the buying company and selling company. The method of claim 2, And in the notifying of the main contract information, allowing the input of the electronic signature only when the main contract amount does not exceed the credit limit. The method of claim 1, When the notice of the main contract information is terminated, Presenting information for a subsidiary contract including at least one of a transport, insurance and verification contract based on the main contract information; And at least one of the acquiring company and the selling company, according to the information provided, enters the subsidiary contract information to conclude a subsidiary contract. The method of claim 1, In the step of determining whether the payment is made and the amount of payment or billing and the amount of the bill, the payment guarantee subsidiary reviews the contents of the main contract and the information on the receipt and delivery of the goods and causes a problem when a predetermined problem occurs. Calculating and determining the compensation amount according to In the payment or billing step, the payment guarantee method in the inter-business commerce over a network, characterized in that further comprising the step of paying or billing the determined compensation amount. A corporate information database that stores corporate information, including credit limits for trading partners, A main contract information database for receiving and storing main contract information from the trading companies; A acquisition and delivery information database for storing goods receipt and delivery process information from at least one of the buyer, seller and carrier; Determining whether to approve the main contract information on the basis of the company information, and comparing the main contract information and the acquisition and delivery process information to determine whether or not to pay for the selling company and the amount of payment, and the determined payment amount to the selling company And a control unit for determining whether or not to be charged from the purchaser and billing the determined amount to the purchaser. The method of claim 6, The enterprise information database further includes information about the digital signature of the user company, And the control unit approves the transaction when the electronic signature of the trading companies and the contract amount are within the credit limit. The method of claim 6, A subsidiary contract assistance information database for receiving and storing information for a subsidiary contract including at least one of transportation, insurance and verification contracts based on the main contract information stored in the main contract information database; And a sub-contract information database for storing information on the sub-contract concluded by inputting sub-contract subsidiary information at least one side of the buying company and the selling company according to the sub-contract subsidiary information. Payment Guarantee System in Business to Business Commerce. The method of claim 6, The controller compares the main contract information with the acquisition and delivery process information and calculates a compensation amount based on the cause of the problem when determining that a problem occurs and determines the compensation amount by the buying company or selling company. Payment guarantee system in a business-to-business transaction over a network, characterized in that for paying or billing.