KR20010010663A - Witout Discharging Treatment System and Paddy Rice Fertilizer by The Composting Method of Livestock Sewage. - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A non-effluent treatment process by composting livestock wastewater is provided, which can produce a composite soil conditioner containing soil microorganism, organic matter, a fertilizer component such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, soil conditioner(silicic acid, lime, magnesium) and microelements. CONSTITUTION: The system comprises the followings: (i) separating solid-liquid from the livestock wastewater for 2-3 days in a storage tank; (ii) discharging the liquid waste after treatment; and (iii) composting the solid waste by aerobic fermentation using the composting method being as follows; (A) mixing 40-60wt% of livestock wastewater and 40-60 wt.% of a swelling agent such as paper sludge and a moisture controller such as wood chip and fly ash to control the initial moisture to 60-79wt.%; (B) feeding the mixture to an agitating fermentation tank after adjusting carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N); and (C) fermenting at a high temperature of 70-85deg.C for 10-15 days while spraying livestock wastewater for oxidation, evaporation, fermentation and decomposing.

Description

Waste Discharging Treatment System and Paddy Rice Fertilizer by The Composting Method of Livestock Sewage.

The livestock wastewater discharged from domestic livestock farm No. 567,000 is about 197 thousand tons per day, about 70,920 thousand tons per year.

Livestock manure is a high concentration of wastewater, and the total load of biological oxygen demand (BOD) is the highest at 47% of various industrial wastewaters, and the livestock wastewater has a high water pollution load compared to the amount generated, and the water quality of the stream is deteriorated without proper treatment. As it causes eutrophication of groundwater pollutants, it not only contaminates water supply and agricultural water, but also damages pleasant living environment due to bad smell and pest damage.

As a result, we invest a lot of research and technology development in the livestock wastewater treatment rice method at home and abroad, but there are limitations in technology, so we are limiting livestock raising or strengthening wastewater discharge water quality standards. It is pointed out as the biggest problem for stable development of livestock industry.

According to the Act on the Treatment of Sewage Manure and Livestock Wastewater, a person who intends to establish a livestock barn must obtain permission from the municipal government to install livestock manure treatment facilities according to the size of the livestock farm, or report it to the mayor or munition, and install a facility that meets the discharge quality standards It was made. Since 1991, 11 livestock wastewater wastewater treatment facilities have been installed as a government-sponsored project to collect and treat wastewater from small-scale livestock farms other than those subject to permission. Is under construction and plans to annually install livestock wastewater joint treatment facilities in 100 cities and counties nationwide by 2005.

However, all of the 11 sites currently operating as of '98 are causing problems beyond BOD, COD, nitrogen content, turbidity, etc., and the overall correction is inevitable, and construction of 45 facilities is being suspended. Until now, the BOD is 5,000mg / ℓ in the facility design criteria by the discharge method after treatment of livestock wastewater joint treatment plant, while the average BOD concentration of influent wastewater is 15,000-25,000mg / ℓ. It is pointed out as a problem of the existing livestock wastewater treatment system.

Unlike domestic wastewater and factory wastewater, livestock wastewater does not contain inorganic phosphorus or heavy metals as a high concentration of organic components, and it is easy to ferment and decompose microorganisms so that it can be recycled into high quality organic fertilizers and BOD 15,000-25,000mg / ℓ of inflowed livestock wastewater. Rather than forcibly purifying and discharging the wastewater, the present invention uses other wastes such as paper sludge, waste wood, organic sludge, incineration residue and coal ash fly ash as a swelling agent to control moisture and high temperature fermentation at 70-85 ° C. by the composting method. Livestock wastewater is sprinkled by fermentation, oxidation and evaporation during the process, and the wastewater is composted and composted and recycled. The present invention relates to a non-discharge treatment system for livestock wastewater.

Composting is a biological process that decomposes organic matter by aerobic microorganisms, and requires moisture, oxygen, organic matter (carbon), nutrients, and temperature to grow and degrade microorganisms.

The livestock manure has moisture, organic matter and nutrients evenly, but the moisture content is 80-95%, so the initial moisture content 60-65% suitable for aerobic fermentation is sawdust, a moisture control agent that secures voids for control and proper supply of air. A large amount of rice husk is needed, but the price was expensive and difficult to secure, making it difficult to compost livestock manure.

The present invention recycles wood waste, wood chips, incineration residue, and coal ash fly ash, which are pulverized sludge sludges and waste wood as substitutes for sawdust or rice hull, while supplying energy suitable for aerobic fermentation methods, while controlling moisture content, carbon content, and breathability. It is a technology to oxidize, evaporate, ferment and decompose wastewater by composting with aerobic composting technology.

The present invention uses organic sludge such as paper pulp sludge and amino acid solution generated in large quantities as waste, incinerators, waste wood and wood chips such as fly ash and roadside arthropods of coal-fired power plants as moisture control agents for composting livestock wastewater. It is characterized by how to.

Fly ash is a powder composed of soluble silicic acid, lime, clay, iron, phosphoric acid, trace element, and trace elements effective for soil improvement by collecting with 0% moisture, and is composed of soluble so that crops are easy to use. It becomes a resource.

In addition, organic sludge, such as paper pulp sludge and amino acid solution, contains organic matter (carbon) and carbon content (C / N), which are used for aerobic microorganisms, evenly, so that organic matter, nitrogen, and other fermentation energy are insufficient for livestock wastewater. It is characterized by replenishing the nutrients of aerobic microorganisms so as to achieve a vigorous evaporation of waste water with aerobic fermentation.

The by-product fertilizer composted by the method of the present invention is a complex soil improver containing even organic matter lacking in the paddy soil and soil modifiers such as silicic acid, lime, goto, trace elements Talc, Clay, and so on, paddy soil, compost, siliceous fertilizer, trace elements The fertilizer is characterized by a technique for producing a viable complex soil-improving agent that has the effect of simultaneously spraying fertilizer and fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and garlic).

The organic matter and fertilizer component calorific value of organic sludge such as livestock manure and wood flour, paper mill sludge, amino acid solution, which are used in the present invention, are shown in Table 1 below, and the present invention uses livestock wastewater by using such waste resources. It is intended to provide a method for preparing a soil free agent without composting the composting method.

Table 1. Fertilizer content table and calorific value of organic waste resources of the present invention.

1 is a process diagram of the present invention

Figure 2 is a machine installation of the present invention

Organic sludge such as paper sludge and cephalosporin-C and amino acid waste liquid fly ash and wood flour, wood chips, sawdust, rice husk, etc. The outline of the manufacturing process of the present invention to produce water fertilizers by evaporating moisture by composting is as shown in FIG.

Livestock wastewater with a water content of 80-95% is adjusted to an initial water content of 60-65% suitable for aerobic fermentation, and mixed with a moisture control agent in order to adjust the breathability and carbon mass rate (C / N). In order to shorten the fermentation period, agitated fermentation system is characterized by a composting method by reducing the aerobic fermentation period to 10-15 days at a high temperature of 70-85 ℃.

In addition, during the high temperature fermentation, livestock wastewater is sprayed on the fermentation bed to make no wastewater composting, and pathogens, parasite eggs, and weed seeds are killed, and harmful organic substances are harmful substances of livestock wastewater through oxidation and synthesis by aerobic microorganisms. It is decomposed and evaporated to CO _2, H ₂ O and the like, and the organic compound of the polymer is synthesized into nutrients suitable for use by plants, thereby providing a complex soil improving agent for water stabilized organic and inorganic substances. The changes in fermentation temperature during aerobic fermentation are shown in Table 2 below, and the comparison of moisture and yield in fermentation compost is shown in Table 3.

Referring to the present invention in more detail by the process according to the first flow chart as follows. The livestock wastewater is collected by tank lorry into the primary storage tank, and solids are sedimented in the lower layer according to the specific gravity of urine and urine. Within 24 hours, the mixture is stirred and dissociated and passed through a gear pump to prepare a mixture such as gruel. The mass of paper sludge is decomposed to make wood fiber an energy source of microorganisms during aerobic fermentation, and is transferred to a second storage tank.

The solid content and precipitated amino acid were added to the mixture, and swelling agents such as wood flour and wood chip incineration ash ash, crushed sawdust or waste wood, were mixed in a mixing stirrer. Adjust to -65% and add aerobic microorganisms (Bio-TOMI) to remove odors and promote composting. Create the best environmental conditions so that microorganisms can proliferate vigorously. .

50% of the livestock manure is treated at the time of mixing paper sludge and swelling agent to adjust the water content to 60-65%, and it is put into a fermentation system with a stirring fermenter (Pit) length of 60-100m and vigorously high temperature fermentation at 70-85 ° C. 50% livestock wastewater is continuously sprayed 2-3 times on the fermentation stage from the point where the process proceeds, stirring and oxidizing the water by oxidizing and evaporating the water, discharging the wastewater continuously and continuously until the end of fermentation. It is a new technology that completes the first post fermentation period evenly within two weeks because it is repeated with a fermentation dryer. More detailed description of the fermentation process is as follows.

Step 1: Transport and Storage of Livestock Wastewater

The livestock wastewater discharged from the livestock house is collected by tank lorry and put into the primary storage tank. After 2-3 days of storage, solids and liquids settle in the lower layer of the storage tank depending on the specific gravity, and the liquid wastewater is separated into the upper layer. Keep it done.

Second step: transport and storage of the swelling agent

① Incineration residue (Fly ash), a moisture control agent, is sorted in an incineration plant and transported in a bulk car in anhydrous state in a thermal power plant, Fly ash Silo, and transferred to a storage tank (Silo) for storage.

② The swelling agent, a fibrous material, collects, transports and crushes municipal waste wood, roadside trees, fruit trees, and forest wastes to make wood chips or wood chips, or purchase chaff or sawdust and store them in the swelling store. Keep it for transportation.

③ Sludge generated as waste after water treatment at the paper pulp factory, paper sludge is collected by an arm roll vehicle and put into the pretreatment tank, and the excess is kept in the storage warehouse.

④ Amino acid liquid and organic waste, which are seasoning factory waste, are transported to tank lorry and stored in the liquid fertilization tank.

Third process: pretreatment process

The upper layer wastewater stored in the livestock waste tank, which is the primary storage tank and the livestock manure tank, is transferred to the pump and mixed with the sludge at 50:50 for 24 hours to dissociate into sediment to make it into gruel, which is secondary to the gear pump. Transfer and store in reservoir.

4th step: swelling agent and mixing and stirring process

The solids precipitated in the lower layer of the primary storage tank were mixed with a high pressure pump in a mixture of sludge and livestock wastewater stored in the secondary storage tank at 50:50, and 5-10% of the amino acid solution was added. Fill one side hopper, transfer the swelling fiber material to the belt conveyor, and transfer 30-40% and fly ash to the screw conveyor, fill 60-70% to one hopper, Adjust the rotation speed of the screw conveyor (Screw Conveyor) and stir the mixture at the C / N ratio (20-50) and the initial moisture content of 60-65%.

Step 5: transfer to agitated fermentation system with aerobic microorganisms

In the mixing and stirring process, the mixed material is transferred to the belt conveyor with a C / N ratio of 20-50 and an initial moisture content of 60-65% to prevent odors and to help decompose vigorous aerobic fermentation. Microbial (Bio TOMI) is added (0.5-1.0l / ton) and the feed compost and wood chips are added to the stirred fermentation system at the same time.

6th step: Fermentation process

Automatic fermentation machine operation is performed by continuously applying forced air at a high temperature of 50 ° C by using a blower installed at the side of the fermenter after inputting it into a stirred fermenter (Pit) through the above process. When the agitation operation is carried out simultaneously, the average temperature in the fermentation tank gradually rises and rises to about 60 ° C within 24 hours. During the fermentation, the bottom of the fermentation tank has a uniform air input and moisture evaporation to the mixture accumulated at a depth of 150-180 cm. The material is pulled upside down, scattered in all directions, and the fermentation material advances 1.0-2.5m with each stirring, and vigorous fermentation at 70-85 ℃ is carried out by stirring and air supply.

The livestock wastewater is input to the 4-6 ton wastewater tank installed in the fermentation dryer using the pump installed in the first livestock wastewater storage tank. Forced spraying about 5-15 tonnes of wastewater 2-3 times a day, depending on the length of the fermentation tank (Pit), while the inverted with an automatic stirrer is repeated for two weeks of forward stirring fermentation.

When fermentation stops after 3 / 4-4 / 5 point of fermentation tank, fermentation stops under 40% of water content, and fermented compost is continuously produced daily because temperature of fermentation drops below 40 ℃.

Process 7: Production Packaging of Compost

After fermentation stops after 2 weeks of high temperature fermentation, the mature fertilizer is selected as a cylindrical screen, and the unfermented wood flour and wood pieces are recycled by the initial mixing agitator, and only the powdered compost is automatically packed in 20Kg PE bags and produced as compost. .

The yield of compost can be obtained by the following equation, and the relationship between moisture and percentage of compost is shown in Table 3.

As described above, the present invention provides a method for simultaneously treating various wastes using fermentation and decomposition of high temperature aerobic organic matter of natural microorganisms, and in particular, by reducing livestock wastewater as non-discharge treatment compost as shown in Table 4 below, the treatment cost is reduced. It is an environmentally friendly technology.

Fermentation tank size, type of fermentation material and water content Moisture content of livestock wastewater Spraying agitation recovery It depends on the average temperature and air humidity during the winter season. Agricultural Science and Technology Institute) and the results are shown in Table 4 below.

Table 4. Agitation Fermentation System Livestock Wastewater Fermentation Drying Capacity

This is an average annual visit to six slurry-treated farms with a livestock wastewater content of 95%.

The test results of the fertilizer prepared as described above are shown in Table 5, and the results of rice cultivation test are shown in Table 6.

Table 5. Test Report of By-Product Fertilizer

National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Korea Household Goods Research Institute

The characteristics of the fertilizer of the present invention is that the adsorption of nutrients such as soil microorganisms and organic matter, nitrogen, and high storage capacity, microporous high base substitution capacity of 100-140me / 100g, fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and garlic, organic matter, siliceous As it contains a large amount of active ingredients including goto, lime, iron and various trace elements and supplies slowly, it is a slow-acting complex soil improver that prevents excessive fertilization and loss of fertilizers. It contributes to the creation of an agricultural foundation for self-sufficiency of rice by increasing the quality of high-quality rice with non-agrochemical low-chemical fertilizer farming methods, and prepares for the lack of rural labor and fertilizes rice production costs to reduce labor and pesticide spraying labor. As a result, it becomes a viable labor-saving fertilizer for water supply which can increase international competitiveness. The paddy soils in Korea are far short of the proper content of siliceous 130-180ppm and the average content of 80-70ppm, so 97.2% of the whole rice fields lack silicic acid and have to give siliceous fertilizer, and the rice paddy which needs more than 8 times of nitrogen quality for rice growing It is like a remedy for soil (see National Agricultural Cooperative Federation's Ground Rehabilitation Campaign, P18-20, Fukui Agricultural City, Japan, '76).

Silicate absorbed when the fertilizer of the present invention having a silicic acid content of 10% or more is used in paddy fields to enter the cells to form silicic cells, increasing the resistance to pests such as rice blasts or insect pests, and reducing the amount of pesticides used. The rice, which has been strengthened by strengthening its quality, has the effect of increasing the wear resistance and improving the light receiving condition of the foliage, which increases the ripening of rice by ripening the rice, which contributes to the increase of 5-10% of rice and the production of high quality rice. .

Table 6. Rice cultivation test report of fertilizer of the present invention

The above-described numerical values are for the experiment of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited to the above numerical values.

Claims (2)

40-60% by weight of livestock wastewater, organic sludge such as paper sludge, amino acid waste, cephalosporin-C, and crushed wood flour, wood chips, incineration residues, etc. -60% by weight of the mixture to adjust the initial moisture content of 60-70%, adjust the carbon content (C / N) breathability into the stirred fermenter and oxidative evaporation by spraying livestock wastewater during the high temperature fermentation period of 10-15 days A livestock wastewater free discharge treatment method using a composting method of fermentation decomposition and a wastewater free treatment, and additives such as soil improver fertilizer components are added thereto. The livestock wastewater is separated from the storage tank by solids for 2-3 days according to specific gravity, and the liquid wastewater is discharged after the existing purification treatment, and the solid precipitated in the lower layer in the storage tank is subjected to aerobic fermentation by the composting method in Clause 1. A method for producing a livestock wastewater free discharge by composting by oxidative evaporation and fermentation of water, and a method for producing a complex soil improver for tap water.