KR20000059912A - Wet sewage disposal agent and sewage disposal method for disposing wet sewage - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water-containing soil treatment agent which is excellent in energy saving and capable of treating water, such as human or livestock manure or wet waste, in an efficient and hygienic manner in a very short time.

The present invention is to provide a water-containing soil treatment agent which is excellent in energy saving performance and can treat wastewater such as human and livestock manure and wet waste very efficiently and hygienically, and with respect to 100 parts by weight of calcium oxide, It has the structure containing 5-30 weight part of sodium silicates, 5-30 weight part of silicas, and 1-10 weight part of ammonium ion trapping agents.

Description

Wet sewage disposal agent and sewage disposal method for disposing wet sewage}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water-containing soil treatment agent which is excellent in energy saving and capable of treating water, manure, and livestock waste, such as human and livestock manure and wet waste, in a very short time, and in a very short time.

At present, sewage dissemination rate in Japan is 50% or less, and manure and septic tank sewage from each toilet in homes and hospitals in areas where sewerage is not supplied is collected by a suction car, and a treatment facility. It is transported to and various processing is performed. In addition, the wet garbage is collected by a garbage collection truck, and incineration or landfill treatment is performed.

In the manure processing facility, the collected and transported manure is divided into solids and water by microbial treatment, and the solids are used or incinerated as a fertilizer, but the water is again disposed of by coagulation sedimentation, filtration, activated carbon treatment, ozone treatment, nitrogen removal, phosphorus removal. It is discharged to rivers after the high-level treatment of many process waters, such as the back. Because of this, large-scale factories are required, many equipment costs, treatment costs, labor costs, and the costs associated with incineration of solids are enormous.

In addition, livestock manure discharged from livestock facilities is processed into fertilizer, which takes time to decompose, smells bad around, causes groundwater contamination in some areas, and contamination of well water and the like is also a problem.

In addition, the wet waste also has a high water content, so a large amount of heavy oil or the like is required in order to evaporate water at the time of incineration, and the energy saving property is insufficient.

On the other hand, in recent years, the treatment agent which raises moisture from sewage, sludge, etc., and the method of processing sewage, sludge, etc. with the said treatment agent are examined in various ways.

For example, (1) the present applicant is Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-24900 (hereinafter referred to as (A)), and `` Sewage and sludge treatment agent mainly composed of calcium oxide and sodium silicate, and this treatment agent By a method for treating sewage and sludge containing harmful metals and the like.

In addition, (2) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 8-182999 (hereinafter referred to as "B") mixes calcium oxide with sewage sludge, dewatering sewage sludge while treating a large amount of ammonia gas generated at the same time. In order to prevent volatilization of a small amount of ammonia gas adsorbed to solids after dehydration, a treatment method of sewage sludge is further disclosed in which an acidic powder is added.

However, the said conventional processing agent had the following subjects when it used for the treatment of hydrous dirt, such as a human or livestock manure, wet waste.

(1) In the treatment agent according to (A), the weakly acidic odorous substances, such as melkabutane and hydrogen sulfide, are alkalis generated from calcium oxide and sodium silicate when treated with human or livestock manure or wet waste such as wet garbage. It is effectively adsorbed to the gel-like substance of, but weakly alkaline ammonia gas or trimethylamine gas, which is generated by decomposing nitrogen components such as human or livestock manure or wet garbage, is hardly adsorbed to the gelled substance. Ammonia odors and amine odors leak out of the reaction system, making it easy to give off odors, thereby requiring a separate odorless device.

(2) In the treatment method according to (B), since a large amount of ammonia gas and trimethylamine gas are generated during the treatment with calcium oxide, the reaction apparatus must be equipped with a large absorbing device, and the apparatus is complicated. The large size required equipment cost and the treatment chemicals were also required, resulting in insufficient economic feasibility. In addition, it is necessary to add an acidic powder later, which has a problem that the work is complicated and the treatment workability is deficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and is excellent in energy saving because it can dehydrate and dehydrate at high temperatures by only mixing with hydrous waste such as human or livestock manure or wet garbage without requiring a heating device. At the same time, volatilization of malodorous components during treatment can be suppressed, and harmful microorganisms can be killed. Therefore, it is possible to provide a hygienic excellent hydrous waste treatment agent and process in a short time by simple operation without requiring complicated equipment. An object of the present invention is to provide an efficient water treatment method.

In order to achieve the above object, the water-containing dirt treatment agent of the present invention has a structure containing calcium oxide, sodium silicate, silica and an ammonium ion trapping agent.

With this configuration, calcium oxide reacts with moisture in the wastewater such as human or livestock manure and wet waste to generate high heat. Therefore, moisture is evaporated in a short time by the heat of reaction without the need for a heating device. Since it can be made into a powder form, it is excellent in energy saving and can kill harmful microorganisms by heat of reaction, and can sanitize hydrous dirt. Moreover, the acidic odorous components, such as melka butane and hydrogen sulfide, can be efficiently adsorbed and odorless by the alkaline gel substance produced | generated by reaction. Moreover, since it contains ammonium ion trapping agent and silica, it can also adsorb weakly alkaline odorless components such as ammonia and trimethylamine, and can enhance the nitrogen component in the object to be treated. This is possible.

Moreover, the water-containing waste disposal method of this invention has the structure provided with the process of adding and stirring a water-containing waste treatment agent to water-containing wastes, such as a human or livestock manure, or wet waste.

By this structure, it is possible to carry out hydrous waste treatment efficiently and hygienically in a very short time without requiring a heating device or a deodorizing device.

The water-containing soil treatment agent according to claim 1 of the present invention contains a composition containing 5 to 30 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 5 to 30 parts by weight of silica, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of an ammonium ion trapping agent based on 100 parts by weight of calcium oxide. Have

By this structure, by adding water to calcium oxide, it has the effect | action which can obtain very high temperature hydration heat like following Formula.

CaO + H ₂ O → Ca (OH) ₂ + 15.2Kcal

The heat of hydration reaction raises the temperature of the treatment system for hydrous soils, evaporates moisture to form powders, and has the effect of killing harmful microorganisms.

The reaction product of calcium hydroxide and sodium silicate produced from calcium oxide can adsorb weakly acidic odorous components such as melkabutane to other reaction products such as sodium silicate gel, calcium silicate gel and sodium silicate gel that are not soluble in water. Has action.

Moreover, since it contains silica, such as an ammonium ion trapping agent and a silica gel, ammonium ion can be adsorb | sucked efficiently, it can prevent the ammonia gas generate | occur | producing during a process and adversely affecting surroundings, Since nitrogen component increases, it has the effect | action which can be used secondarily as a fertilizer and a soil improver.

Here, as calcium oxide, in addition to pure products, lime of 50% or more, preferably 80% or more of purity is used. As the purity becomes less than 80%, a tendency that a high heat of reaction is hardly obtained begins to appear, and especially at less than 50%, this tendency is not preferable.

As a form of calcium oxide or quicklime, it is used also as a powdery substance, a particulate matter, and a sandy substance, Preferably the average particle diameter of 10 mm-0.001 mm, Preferably 1 mm-0.05 mm is used preferably. . As the thickness becomes smaller than 0.05 mm, the hydration reaction proceeds rapidly, resulting in the appearance of untreated material of the hydrous dirt, and furthermore, it is difficult to handle at the time of preparation of the treatment agent, and the surface area tends to be greatly deteriorated. Not. In addition, as it becomes larger than 1 mm, the hydration reaction becomes gentle and requires time, and since the reaction temperature is less likely to increase, the treatment time becomes longer, and unreacted substances are likely to be generated, and heat is diffused, resulting in deterioration of the powder of the treated product. It is not preferable because it tends to be.

However, when coating the surface of quicklime with fats and oils, the thing of an average particle diameter of 2 mm-0.05 mm is used suitably. Depending on the amount of fat or oil added and the type of fats and oils, as the average particle diameter becomes smaller than 0.05 mm, the amount of fat is increased, and the reaction rate of the hydration reaction tends to be high and rapidly reacted. None is desirable as the peak temperature at the beginning of the trend begins to appear.

As sodium silicate, water glass, sodium metasilicate, sodium orthosilicate, sodium disilicate, sodium tetrasilicate and the like can be used, among which water glass, sodium orthosilicate, sodium metasilicate, calcium silicate gel and the like are produced. It is preferable because this is easy. Sodium silicate is preferably used in the form of powder or flakes. This is because the gel is easily mixed and dissolved in the water of the treatment system to facilitate the formation of the gel.

As sodium silicate is less than 5 parts by weight, in particular, immobilization of organic matter becomes difficult, and as it is more than 30 parts by weight, it is not preferable because much effort is required for transportability and the like by post-treatment.

As silica, amorphous silicon dioxide, such as silica gel and blast furnace, is used.

As a compounding quantity of a silica and an ammonium ion trapping agent, as silica becomes less than 5 weight part and as an ammonium ion trapping agent becomes less than 1 weight part, it becomes difficult to receive an ammonium ion or a trimethyl ammonium ion, and is in process The problem of ammonia odor and amine odor occurs, and as the silica is more than 30 parts by weight, and as the ammonium ion trapping agent is more than 10 parts by weight, the reaction temperature is lowered, leading to a tendency of insufficient dehydration. Not desirable

The water-containing soil treatment agent according to claim 2 has a structure in which a fat and oil of -10 ° C to 200 ° C is coated on the surface of the calcium oxide in the water-containing soil treatment agent according to claim 1.

In this way, by coating the calcium oxide with oil or the like, it is possible to prevent the temperature in the air from being absorbed and hydrated during storage. When agitation is started at the time of use, the calcium oxide coated with the fats and oils is destroyed, the coating of the fats and oils starts to come into contact with water to generate heat, and the hydration reaction starts and the temperature rises. As a result, the fat or oil coating is more likely to break, and the reaction is promoted.

Here, as a fats and oils, low molecular weight polymers, such as a paraffin, an atactic polymer, and the oligomer of various resin, are 40 degreeC-150 degreeC, Preferably 60 degreeC-120 degreeC. As the melting point is lower than 80 ° C, oils flow during storage, which tends to be difficult to handle during processing, and the risk of ignition due to fire increases, which is not preferable. Therefore, heating is required at the time of coating and is not preferable because it tends to consume energy. As the melting point of the other sustain Golgi such -1O ℃ ~75 ℃, preferably -5 ℃ of ~7O ℃ of C ₄ ~C ₂₅ saturated fatty acid or unsaturated fatty acid, cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, cattle oil, pig Oils, sheep oils, vegetable oils and their waste oils are suitably used. This is because the particle surface can be uniformly applied at the time of coating because of its low melting point and high boiling point.

Instead of fats and oils, polyethylene such as polyethylene glycol or propylene rubber can also be used.

As a coating method, 0.1-10 weight part, Preferably 0.5-6 weight part is added and mixed with respect to 100 weight part of calcium oxide, In addition, the method of adsorb | sucking and mixing the liquid fats and oils which carried out heating etc. as needed. And other conventional methods such as a stirrer, mixer, blender, and the like.

The water-containing soil treatment agent according to claim 3 is the water-containing soil treatment agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ammonium ion trapping agent is hydrochloride such as zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, tin chloride, iron chloride, zinc nitrate, aluminum nitrate, tin nitrate, Nitrates such as iron nitrate, zinc sulfate, aluminum sulfate, tin sulfate, iron sulfate, potassium hydrogen sulfate, sulfates such as sodium hydrogen sulfate ammonium iron sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminum sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, It has a structure containing one or more types of phosphates, such as sodium dihydrogen phosphate.

Thereby, the ammonium ion trapping agent according to the density | concentration and the kind of ammonium ion to process can be selected, and it has the effect | action which can capture | acquire ammonium ion efficiently and adsorb | suck to silica, such as a silica gel.

Here, when nitrate or phosphate is used as an ammonium ion trapping agent, since the fertilizer component is reinforced by nitrate ion and phosphate ion at the time of secondary use of what was obtained after processing as a fertilizer, it is more preferable. In addition, ammonium ion trapping agents are used in powder form or in concentrated solution form.

The water-containing waste treatment method according to claim 4 is a step of adding 20 to 150 parts by weight of the water-containing soil treatment agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to 100 parts by weight of water-containing soil such as human or livestock manure or wet garbage. It has the structure provided with.

As a result, it is possible to dehydrate and solidify the function soil in a very short time by heat generation by the aqueous reaction of calcium oxide without requiring a heating device or a deodorizing device, so that the energy and workability are excellent, and the reaction is carried out at a high temperature. As this progresses, it is possible to kill harmful microorganisms, which has an effect of excellent hygiene.

As for stirring, a propeller stirrer, a ribbon mixer, etc. are used. In addition, since there is little generation of odor during the treatment, a simple device such as a mixer car can be used, and the treatment can be performed at the point where the water-containing dirt is collected. For this reason, it is effective as a countermeasure at the time of a disaster such as an earthquake.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

As the water-containing dirt treatment agent (hereinafter abbreviated as treatment agent), the followings were produced.

Treatment agent 1. A mixture consisting of 100 parts by weight of quicklime (calcium oxide ?? 95%) having a particle diameter of 100 mesh, 20 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 20 parts by weight of silica, and 5 parts by weight of aluminum nitrate as an ammonium ion trapping agent.

Treatment agent 2. About 3% of the corrugated cardboard was added to the surface of the lime to coat the surface with 103 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 20 parts by weight of silica, and 5 parts by weight of ammonium nitrate as an ammonium ion trapping agent. A mixture consisting of parts.

Treatment agent 3. (Comparison)

A mixture comprising 103 parts by weight of 3% corrugated cardboard coated on the surface of the quicklime, coated with 20 parts by weight of sodium silicate and 20 parts by weight of silica.

In addition, it used the powder mixer as a mixing method of each processing agent component.

(Experimental example 1) << treatment of manure >>

As the sample, the manure collected by a suction manure collection truck (water content: about 96% = ??) was used.

As the treatment agent, treatment agents 1 and 3 were prepared.

In the experimental method, 100 g of a sample was taken to a ribbon mixer of 1 liter of contents, 70 g of the treatment agent 1 was weighed and added thereto, and stirring was started. Then, an exothermic reaction occurred rapidly, and water was scattered. No ammonia odor was detected during the treatment, and after 15 minutes the sample became a dry powder.

Similarly, when the sample was treated with the treatment agent 3 containing no ammonium ion trapping agent, odor such as ammonia odor was strongly detected during the treatment, and after 20 minutes, the sample became a dry powder form.

The composition analysis of such a to-be-processed material was performed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

As is apparent from Table 1, the sample to be treated in the treatment agent 1 contained about 1.4 times as much nitrogen as compared to the sample to be treated in the treatment agent 3 without the ammonium ion trapping agent. Confirmed. In addition, since the phosphorus component and the potassium component include an active ingredient as a fertilizer and have a high calcium content, it can be seen that secondary use is possible as a fertilizer or a soil improver.

Since the malodorous component is adsorbed and odorless, it can be seen that it is powdered and easy to handle.

(Example 2) << treatment of cow dung>

As the sample, cow dung (water content: about 45%) was used. As the treatment agent, treatment agents 2 and 3 were prepared.

In the test method, 200 g of the sample was taken to a 1-liter container, 160 g of the processing agent 2 was added to this, and stirring was started. The heat generation was slower than that of the treatment agent 1 which did not contain the Golgi, but after stirring for 20 minutes, the sample became a dried powder form. Odor was not detected during the treatment, and the sample had a dry powder form at the end of stirring.

Similarly, as a result of treating 100 g of the sample with the treatment agent 3 containing no ammonium ion trapping agent, odors such as ammonia odor were strongly detected during the treatment.

Composition analysis was performed using these to-be-processed samples. The results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

As is apparent from Table 2, it was found that the sample to be treated in the treatment agent 2 contained more nitrogen than the sample to be treated in the treatment agent 3 containing no ammonia ion trapping agent, including the active ingredient as a fertilizer.

Experimental Example 3 <Disposal of Wet Garbage>

Wet garbage (water content: about 70%) containing approximately 2: 1 of vegetable waste and fish and shell waste as samples was prepared.

As the treatment agent, treatment agents 2 and 3 were prepared.

In the test method, 300 g of samples were collected in a 2 liter container, 60 g of the treating agent 2 was weighed and added thereto, followed by stirring for 20 minutes with a mixer. Odor was hardly generated, and when the stirring was finished, it was found that the sample had a powdery shape, which was reduced by about 6% by volume and 70% by volume compared to the treatment agent.

Similarly, as a result of treating 100 g of the sample with the treatment agent 3 containing no ammonia ion trapping agent, odors such as amine odors were strongly detected during the treatment.

Composition analysis was performed using these to-be-processed samples. The results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3

According to the water-containing waste treatment agent according to claim 1 of the present invention,

a. The heat of hydration reaction of calcium oxide raises the temperature of the water-containing waste treatment system, evaporates water to form a powder, and kills harmful microorganisms.

b. As a reaction product of calcium hydroxide and sodium silicate produced from calcium oxide, weakly acidic odorous components such as melkabutane can be adsorbed to other reaction products such as insoluble sodium silicate gel, calcium silicate gel and sodium silicate gel.

c. Since ammonia ion trapping agent and silica are contained, ammonium ions can be adsorbed efficiently and generation of odorous gases such as ammonia and trimethylamine can be prevented during processing, thus preventing adverse effects on the surroundings. At the same time, since the nitrogen component in the to-be-processed sample increases, the secondary use can be used as a fertilizer or a soil improving agent.

According to the water-containing waste treatment agent according to claim 2, in addition to the effects of the invention of claim 1,

d. Since oil and fat are coated on the calcium oxide, it is possible to prevent moisture from being absorbed and hydrated during storage, and when the agitation is started during use, the coating of the fat and oil is destroyed and starts to evaporate in contact with water. The hydration reaction starts and the temperature rises. As a result, the fat or oil coating is more likely to break, and the reaction is promoted.

According to the water-containing soil treatment agent according to claim 3, since the ammonium ion trapping agent according to claim 1 or 2 contains sulfate, hydrochloride, phosphate, and the like,

e. By selecting the ammonium ion trapping agent according to the concentration and type of ammonium ion to be treated, the ammonium ion can be efficiently captured and adsorbed onto silica, and the use of nitrate or phosphate as the ammonium ion trapping agent In the secondary use of a product obtained after the treatment as a fertilizer, the fertilizer component is reinforced with nitrate ions or phosphate ions.

According to the method for treating water waste according to claim 4,

f. Since no heating device or deodorizer is required, the water generated by the aqueous reaction of calcium oxide can dehydrate, solidify and destroy human and livestock manure, wet waste, etc. in a very short time. This excellence and the reaction proceeds at high temperatures and therefore can kill harmful microorganisms, which is excellent in hygiene.

Claims (4)

5 to 30 parts by weight of sodium silicate, 5 to 30 parts by weight of silica, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of ammonium ion trapping agent, based on 100 parts by weight of calcium oxide. The water-containing dirt treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein a melting point of -10 ° C to 200 ° C is coated on the surface of the calcium oxide. The ammonium ion trapping agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ammonium ion trapping agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrochlorides such as zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, tin chloride and iron chloride, zinc nitrate, aluminum nitrate, nitrates such as tin nitrate and iron nitrate, zinc sulfate and aluminum sulfate. At least one kind of phosphate salt such as tin sulfate, iron sulfate, potassium hydrogen sulfate, sodium hydrogen sulfate ammonium iron sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminum sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, etc. A water-containing dirt treatment agent, characterized in that it contains. 20 to 150 parts by weight of the water-containing soil treatment agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is added to 100 parts by weight of water-containing soil such as human or livestock manure or wet garbage. Way.