JPS63230586A - Improved fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention is applicable to agricultural and livestock industry waste such as animal waste such as pig urine and feces, or household or food industry waste such as kitchen garbage, edible waste oil, and scum. Concerning improved fertilizers that effectively utilize waste materials.

[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention] 1 Animal wastewater and feces such as pig urine and horse urine generated in the livestock industry, or food waste generated in the home or food industry;
Edible waste oil, shochu kasu.

The amount of unused fish meat remains is increasing year by year.
Methods such as incineration and landfilling are used to dispose of this waste, but there are limits to both the processing capacity of incinerators and the amount of land available for landfilling, making it impossible to cope with the increase in waste, making it an important issue for companies, the national government, and local governments. This has become a serious problem.

In addition, animal wastewater such as pig urine and horse urine and feces, which are generated in large quantities in the livestock industry, cannot be disposed of by incineration or landfill, so some of them may be used as fertilizer, but most of them are sprayed on the ground or Disposed of using biological treatment methods such as anaerobic decomposition.

However, when using it as fertilizer or spraying it on the ground,
There were iK odor and hygiene problems, and there was also the possibility of groundwater contamination. Similar to ground spraying, biological treatment methods require large areas of land and still have problems with bad odors and gases generated during natural biodecomposition.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned waste treatment methods were aimed at treating waste materials and finally disposing of them, and were not intended to make effective use of the treated materials.

On the other hand, calcareous fertilizer is used as a soil neutralizer or fertilizer. Calcareous fertilizers include quicklime (calcium oxide), slaked lime (
The main ingredients are calcium hydroxide), lime carbonate (calcium carbonate), etc., and it supplies calcium to the soil and neutralizes acidic soil.

However, these calcareous fertilizers are not sufficient as fertilizers to enhance plant growth, and fertilizers that supply nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are also required.

The present invention was developed in view of these conventional problems, and aims to effectively utilize household or industrial waste such as animal excrement and garbage, as well as to form a soil conditioner and a comprehensive fertilizer for plant growth. The purpose is to provide improved fertilizers that

[Means for Solving the Problems] The improved fertilizer of the present invention that achieves the above objectives uses natural organic waste such as animal excrement, garbage, and natural waste oil, and a strong alkaline agent containing calcium oxide as a main component. and a deodorizing agent, and is characterized in that, as the strong alkaline agent, calcium-containing natural products such as ingredients, bones, and limestone are calcined at room temperature.

Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that a powdery deodorizing agent prepared by mixing and stirring carbon black and the above-mentioned strong alkaline agent in the presence of a small amount of water is used as the deodorizing agent.

[Example code] Each component of the improved fertilizer of the present invention will be explained below.

First, waste used as raw materials is subject to animal law.

Unused casings made from feces, animals or fish (including beef tallow, pork fat, etc.)
, kitchen scraps, used cooking oil, food industry waste such as spores, soybean cakes, and all other natural organic wastes can be used.

Among these, the solids may be crushed in advance using a crusher, etc., and water may be added appropriately to adjust the viscosity.

In this case, water may be added as is, but seawater can also be used. Seawater is not used as it is, but rather treated with an alkaline agent to be described later, that is, seawater is used that has been dissolved with the alkaline agent to partially insolubilize ions such as CI2 (as Ca CQ2) and remove insoluble matter. When the natural organic wastes mentioned above are used as fertilizer, they are mainly used as a nitrogen source, and also serve as a source of phosphorus, potassium, etc.

Next, an alkaline agent containing calcium oxide as a main component contains about 501% or more of calcium oxide.

In addition to calcium oxide, it may contain inorganic compounds such as calcium phosphate, magnesium oxide, potassium iron phosphate, etc., which are sources of calcium and magnesium, neutralize soil, and cause the bad odor of animal waste. It has the function of reducing bad odors by decomposing or adsorbing substances. This alkaline agent can be used as a treatment agent for seawater added to adjust the viscosity of the aforementioned waste.

As an alkaline agent made of a mixture of such inorganic compounds, calcined natural products containing high calcium such as shellfish, bones, and limestone can be used.

In this case, shellfish, bones, or limestone are crushed into small pieces and fired at about 1000°C to 1500°C.

A powder of about 200 mesh is used.

A 1% aqueous solution of the powder thus obtained has a pH of approximately 13.
, indicating high alkalinity.

Next, deodorizers are mainly used to prevent bad odors from waste.
Known deodorizers such as charcoal (carbon black) and white clay can be used, but preferably the deodorizer developed by the present inventor (
Japanese Patent Application No. 61-257587) is used. This deodorizer is made by mixing and stirring carbon black and a strong alkaline agent whose main ingredients are calcium oxide in the presence of a small amount of water, and it not only adsorbs substances that cause bad odors, but also actively reacts with them. Furthermore, carbon black can be effectively used as a soil conditioner. Here, as the carbon black, in addition to those produced industrially, easily available carbon blacks such as chimney soot, powdered charcoal, and burned material from palm can be used as appropriate.

Moreover, the strong alkaline agent herein is substantially the same as the one described above. A homogeneous powdery deodorizing agent can be obtained by mixing this carbon black and a strong alkaline agent in a weight ratio of 1:1 in the presence of a small amount of water. A small amount of water is added to dissolve the strong alkaline agent and form an alkaline (about r'813) aqueous solution in an amount of about 0.2 to 0.5% of the total carbon black and strong alkaline agent.

In the improved fertilizer of the present invention, natural organic waste.

The mixing ratio of the alkaline agent and deodorizing agent is not particularly limited, but
Approximately 40% alkaline agent is added to 60% natural organic waste. The amount of deodorizer used varies depending on the degree of bad odor of the waste material, but it can be used as a fertilizer if it is used in an amount of about 10% of the total amount. If the raw material is food waste, the amount may be less than this, but by adding a few percent, it is possible to color the fertilizer and increase its ultraviolet absorption ability. In addition to the components mentioned above, water may be added as necessary to adjust the viscosity of the fertilizer as a whole. In this case, seawater can be used in the same way as when water is used for waste. In this case too; the water is not as it is, but it is treated with the alkali agent mentioned above,
That is, a solution is used in which an alkali agent is dissolved in a solution of 7 to insolubilize some of the ions such as CQ (as C+ICQz) and non-containing substances are removed. It has been confirmed that seawater treated in this way does not cause salt damage to plants, but rather provides Mg and other trace elements of fertilizer, which has a positive effect on their growth.
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By adding it to the improved fertilizer of the present invention, the efficacy of the improved fertilizer can be further enhanced.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, the present invention makes it possible to dispose of a large amount of waste such as animal waste and raw food. These wastes can be used effectively, and an improved fertilizer that is inexpensive and has high utility value can be provided.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An improved fertilizer made by mixing natural organic waste such as animal waste, garbage, and natural waste oil with a strong alkaline agent containing calcium oxide as a main component and a deodorizing agent. 2. The improved fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the strong alkaline agent is obtained by baking a calcium-containing natural product such as shellfish, bone, or limestone at high temperature. 3. The improved fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the deodorizing agent is formed by mixing and stirring carbon black and a strong alkaline agent mainly composed of calcium oxide in the presence of a small amount of water. .