JPH0283289A - Pellet for fertilizer mixed with carbonized material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a pellet for fertilizer free from malodor and having excellent shape-retainability in high yield by mixing a powdery organic raw material such as poultry manure or fish guts with powdery or granular carbonized organic material and granulating the mixture. CONSTITUTION:An organic raw material such as poultry manure or fish guts is dried and crushed to a prescribed size with a crusher. The obtained powder is mixed with a carbonized organic material such as charcoal to obtain a powdery mixture. The powdery mixture is granulated to granules having prescribed diameter or length using a granulation means such as cylindrical die contact-type granulator to obtain the objective carbon-containing fertilizer pellet. The pellet is absolutely free from emission of malodor and, accordingly, handleable and transportable without giving disagreeable feeling to the worker and applicable in large quantity on plowed field without causing environmental pollution. In keeps the shape during storage over a long period.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to pellets for fertilizer, in particular pellets made by mixing various carbonized organic substances shaped into powder or granules with organic substances such as chicken manure and fish internal organs. This relates to fertilizer pellets that have a deodorizing effect by being granulated in one piece.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Traditionally, organic matter such as fish parts and fish entrails has been used as a type of fertilizer applied to farmland.

Recently, a method of isotopizing these raw materials in the form of pellets and using them is known. That is, by granulating the above-mentioned raw materials into granules that maintain a predetermined particle size or length, not only the storage stability is improved, but also the transportability and handling properties are improved, and the application efficiency as a fertilizer is improved. It has the advantage that the field of use can be expanded.

As these rotation means, fixed disc die type, cylindrical die roller press-fit type, cylindrical die contact type, etc. are known, and each is appropriately adopted depending on the purpose of use.

However, since these conventional isotopized fertilizer pellets are made from the unique materials mentioned above,
It has the disadvantage that it unavoidably emits a bad odor to the surrounding area, which causes discomfort to workers during handling and transportation.Furthermore, if large amounts of the above fertilizer pellets are sprayed during cultivation of fields, the bad odor causes pollution. There was an issue that they were used to generating this. Furthermore, simply pelletizing powdered materials such as chicken manure and fish internal organs does not have sufficient shape retention.
There is a problem in that it causes deformation during long-term storage, further reducing the ease of handling.

Furthermore, it has the disadvantage that the grading efficiency during granulation is low and the yield is not good.

Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of conventional fertilizer pellets, eliminates the bad odor caused by raw materials, improves shape retention and solidification efficiency, and improves handleability. The object of the present invention is to provide fertilizer pellets that can be used effectively as a soil improvement material.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses powdered organic matter such as chicken manure and fish entrails as a raw material, and forms the powder into powder or granules in advance. Fertilizer pellets are made by mixing carbonized organic matter at an appropriate mixing rate and granulating it into granules having a predetermined particle size or length. Furthermore, the structure uses charcoal as the carbide.

These fertilizer pellets do not emit any bad odor to the surrounding area during use, and therefore do not cause discomfort to workers during handling or transportation. Furthermore, even if a large amount of the above-mentioned pellets are scattered during cultivation of a field, there is no pollution due to bad odor. Furthermore, since the shape retention of the pellet itself is improved, the pellet does not lose its shape even during long-term storage, resulting in improved handling properties.

Furthermore, by spraying the above pellets in large quantities onto a field, it improves the pH of the soil and promotes the proliferation of rhizobia, making it possible to effectively utilize the pellets as a soil improvement material. Furthermore, it increases the water permeability of the soil and improves its water holding capacity, which has the effect of regulating excess pesticides and fertilizers.

An embodiment of the fertilizer pellets mixed with charcoal according to the present invention will be described below.

First, organic materials such as chicken manure and fish offal are used as raw materials.

After drying this raw material, a powder having a predetermined particle size is formed using a pulverizer. Next, a carbide of an organic substance previously formed into powder or granules is mixed into this powder at an appropriate mixing rate and thoroughly stirred. Charcoal is suitable as the charcoal, but other charcoal such as grass or animal bones may be used as long as it is an organic charcoal. This mixed powder is granulated into granules having a predetermined particle size or length using an appropriate granulation means such as a cylindrical die contact type.

For example, the above-mentioned cylindrical die contact type granulation means is the generally known granulation method of Pereso 1~, which usually includes a pair of rotatable cylindrical dies with a plurality of through holes formed in the outer peripheral wall. The mixed powder is sequentially fed between the cylindrical dies with the parts facing each other and in contact with each other, and the fed mixed powder is sequentially press-fitted into the through holes formed in the outer peripheral wall of the die to form fertilizer pellets. This method uses extrusion molding. FIG. 1 shows an example of the shape of a pellet 1 extruded in this manner.

According to experiments, pellets with good shape retention were obtained by mixing 10% of powdered charcoal with a moisture content of 10% in chicken manure with a moisture content of 15% and granulating the mixture. Further, the carbide such as charcoal used is preferably in powder form, but may be in granular form. Further, the mixing rate of carbide is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately determined depending on the purpose of use.

The pellets 1 obtained by the above granulation method are characterized in that they do not emit any bad odor to the surrounding area, and therefore do not cause discomfort to workers during handling and transportation.
Furthermore, even if a large amount of the pellets 1 are scattered during cultivation of a field, there is no pollution due to bad odor.

Furthermore, the shape retention of the pellet 1 itself is improved, so that the pellet 1 does not lose its shape even during long-term storage, and handleability is improved.

Moreover, by spraying a large amount of pellets 1 on a field, it improves the pH of the soil and promotes the proliferation of rhizobia, and can be effectively used as a soil improvement material.

The fertilizer pellets according to the present invention, in other words, are made by mixing carbonized organic matter such as charcoal with powdered organic matter such as chicken manure and fish viscera, and granulating them together. The question of whether pellets can be obtained is discussed below.

Generally, charcoal is a carbonized product of wood, with a composition of 80 carbon
It contains up to 90% hydrogen, oxygen, and various minerals, and its composition changes depending on the carbonization temperature. Japan in particular has a lot of forests and produces high-quality charcoal such as Bincho charcoal and Chanoyu charcoal.

It has been experimentally confirmed that when such high-quality charcoal is used, for example, to treat household gray water, the odor of gutter disappears and fish can live in rivers.

Furthermore, charcoal has both physical and chemical functions, and can be broadly classified into energy uses and carbon material uses. Energy usage is one of chemical usage, and carbon material usage includes physical usage 1, such as activated carbon that utilizes the adsorption properties of charcoal, or chemical methods that utilize the reactivity of charcoal, and metal usage. Refining methods are known. Charcoal in particular has porosity, and inorganic components are scattered throughout the charcoal. Therefore, the pores have the property of easily absorbing and desorbing air and water, and by utilizing this property, the pellet 1 can be given a large deodorizing effect. Therefore, the obtained fertilizer has the effect of easily adsorbing the bad odor of organic matter such as chicken manure as a raw material and dissolving it in water.

In addition, charcoal contains 2 to 3% wood ash, which is an essential mineral for plant growth.In particular, it contains calcium and potassium, which plants require in large quantities, as well as boron, etc. It is concentrated to three times the amount of ash and is contained in a form that is easily soluble in water, making it an excellent mineral supplement for living things. Therefore, it is inferred that by spreading the fertilizer pellets 1 according to the present invention in large quantities, the minerals contained in the wood ash are dispersed in the soil, and the effect as a soil improvement material is extremely high. Furthermore, when charcoal is applied to soil, it increases the water permeability of the soil and increases its water retention capacity, so it also has the effect of helping to control excess pesticides and fertilizers.

Considered from another perspective, charcoal has the effect of proliferating microorganisms, especially symbiotic microorganisms such as rhizobia that directly affect plant growth. That is, charcoal powder is added to chemical fertilizer by weight from 1 to
When mixed with 2% and applied to soybeans, peas, kidney beans, etc. that produce root nodules, the rhizobia will significantly proliferate, improving the pH and physical properties of the soil, and at the same time exhibiting the effect of promoting crop growth. The phenomenon of eliminating continuous cropping disorders has been observed.

Furthermore, charcoal can be classified into hard charcoal and soft charcoal depending on the species of raw material wood. For example, when oak, sawtooth oak, oak, chestnut, etc. are used as raw material, hard charcoal can be obtained. In other words, hard charcoal can be considered to have high carbon reactivity. When such charcoal powder is mixed into the powdered organic material such as chicken manure and granulated, the shape retention of the granulated material is enhanced based on the reactivity of the carbon, and the granule retains its shape during long-term storage. In addition to not causing deformation and improving handleability, the isotope efficiency during granulation is increased, resulting in an increase in yield. This effect is not limited to charcoal.

This also applies to other carbonized organic substances.

As explained in detail above, the fertilizer pellet 1 according to the present invention is characterized by effectively utilizing the various advantages of organic charcoal such as charcoal and wood ash, and is suitable for use as fertilizer. It can also be used as a soil conditioner.

Effects of Clear and Light As explained in detail above, the fertilizer pellets mixed with charcoal according to the present invention are made from powdered organic matter such as chicken manure, fish entrails, etc. Alternatively, the structure of fertilizer pellets is made by mixing granulated organic matter charcoal, especially charcoal, at an appropriate mixing rate and granulating it into granules that maintain a predetermined particle size or length. Effects can be obtained. That is, the obtained pellets do not emit any bad odor to the surroundings when used, and the great effect is that they do not cause discomfort to workers during handling and transportation.

Therefore, even if a large amount of the pellets are sprayed during cultivation of a field, there is no pollution due to bad odor.

Furthermore, since the shape retention of the pellet itself is improved, the pellet does not lose its shape even during long-term storage, and has the effect of improving handleability.

In addition, by spraying large amounts of the above pellets on fields, it not only improves the pH of the soil and promotes the proliferation of rhizobia, but also increases the water permeability of the soil and increases its water retention capacity, making it useful for adjusting excessive pesticides and fertilizers. It also has the great effect of being useful and can be effectively used as a soil improvement material.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing an example of the shape of a fertilizer pellet mixed with charcoal according to the present invention. 1... Pellets

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Using powdered organic matter such as poultry manure and fish entrails as a raw material, carbonized organic matter that has been formed into powder or granules is mixed into this powder at an appropriate mixing rate to obtain a predetermined particle size. Or fertilizer pellets mixed with charcoal, which are characterized by being granulated into granules that retain their length. (2) The charcoal-mixed fertilizer pellet according to claim 1, wherein the charcoal is charcoal.