KR20000049962A - Adsorbent manufacturing method using the municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash - Google Patents

Adsorbent manufacturing method using the municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash Download PDF

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KR20000049962A
KR20000049962A KR1020000024715A KR20000024715A KR20000049962A KR 20000049962 A KR20000049962 A KR 20000049962A KR 1020000024715 A KR1020000024715 A KR 1020000024715A KR 20000024715 A KR20000024715 A KR 20000024715A KR 20000049962 A KR20000049962 A KR 20000049962A
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fly ash
adsorbent
matter
waste incinerator
calcium hydroxide
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김진범
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김진범
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L9/01—Deodorant compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/38—Removing components of undefined structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
    • A61L2209/20—Method-related aspects
    • A61L2209/21—Use of chemical compounds for treating air or the like

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Abstract

PURPOSE: A production method of an adsorbent is provided which stabilizes fly ash by low temperature heat treatment and then produces a cheap adsorbent. CONSTITUTION: A production method of an adsorbent is as follows: (a) a first step which determines whether a burning matter adds or not on the basis of pH in a scattering matter collected in a collection device; (b) a second which doesn't add calcium hydroxide when pH in a scattering matter is over 8 while 3-5wt% of calcium hydroxide when pH in a scattering matter is under 8; (c) a third which treats with heat the scattering matter or the scatter matter mixed with calcium hydroxide for 1-2 hours under the reduction condition in 500-600°C; and (d) a fourth which cools heat-treated fly ash and produces a powder adsorbent.

Description

도시폐기물 소각장 비산재를 이용한 흡착제 제조방법{Adsorbent manufacturing method using the municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash}Adsorbent manufacturing method using the municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash}

본 발명은 도시페기물을 소각처리할 때 배출되는 비산재를 폐수처리용 흡착제로 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 보다 상세하게는, 비산재를 환원조건에서 열처리하여 비산재 중의 중금속이 용출되지 않도록 안정화 처리한 후 중금속 함유폐수 처리용 흡착제를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing fly ash discharged when incineration of municipal waste into an adsorbent for wastewater treatment. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of preparing an adsorbent for treating heavy metal-containing wastewater after stabilizing the fly ash under heat treatment to reduce the heavy metal in the fly ash.

오늘날 산업화에 따라 각종 산업폐수가 배출되어 환경을 오염시키고 있다. 이러한 산업폐수를 처리하는 방법은 오염원의 특성에 따라 다르며, 그중 중금속을 함유한 폐수는 생물학적 방법으로 처리할 수 없어 흡착제 또는 약품을 이용하여 처리하고 있는 실정이다.Today, with industrialization, various industrial wastewater is discharged to pollute the environment. The method of treating such industrial wastewater depends on the characteristics of the pollutant, and the wastewater containing heavy metals cannot be treated by biological methods, so it is treated with an adsorbent or a chemical.

종래에는 흡착, 이온교환, 침전 등의 방법으로 중금속 함유폐수를 처리하였으며, 흡착제로는 활성탄, 활성알루미나, 제올라이트 등이 널리 사용되었다. 그러나 이들 흡착제는 중금속에 대한 흡착능이 우수하지만 가격이 고가인 단점이 있다.Conventionally, heavy metal-containing wastewater was treated by adsorption, ion exchange, precipitation, and the like, and activated carbon, activated alumina, zeolite, and the like were widely used as the adsorbent. However, these adsorbents have the disadvantage that the adsorption capacity for heavy metals is excellent but the price is high.

도시폐기물을 소각처리할 때 배출되는 비산재의 경우는 바닥재와 달리 입경이 작고 비표면적이 크며, 소석회슬러리를 분사하여 산성가스를 처리하는 소각장의 비산재는 알칼리도가 높은 것이 특징이어서 중금속 함유폐수 처리용 흡착제로의 활용 가능성이 있다. 그러나 비산재 중에는 유해 중금속이 고농도로 함유되어 있으며, 그중 카드뮴 또는 납의 용출량이 법적인 허용기준을 초과하여 지정페기물 매립장에 위탁처리되고 있다. 따라서 도시폐기물 소각장에서 배출되는 비산재를 흡착제로 재활용하기 위해서는 비산재에 함유된 중금속이 용출되지 않도록 안정화 처리하는 것이 필요하다.In the case of fly ash discharged from incineration of urban waste, the particle size is small and the specific surface area is large, unlike the floor ash, and the fly ash of incinerators that treat acid gas by spraying slaked lime slurry has high alkalinity. There is possibility of use of furnace. However, fly ash contains high concentrations of harmful heavy metals, and the amount of cadmium or lead that has exceeded the legal limit is consigned to the designated landfill site. Therefore, in order to recycle the fly ash discharged from the municipal waste incinerator as an adsorbent, it is necessary to stabilize the heavy metals contained in the fly ash so as not to elute.

도시폐기물 소각장에서 배출되는 비산재를 안정화시키는 종래의 기술로는 용융고형화법, 시멘트고형화법, 산추출법, 약품첨가법 등이 있다. 이들 방법중 용융고형화법을 제외하고는 시멘트, 중금속고정제, 산 등의 약품을 사용하여 비산재 중의 중금속을 안정화시키기 때문에 재활용할 때 중금속의 재용출로 인한 2차 환경오염을 유발할 수 있어 재활용하는데 한계가 있다. 용융고형화법은 비산재를 1200∼1500℃로 가열하여 중금속을 용융슬래그의 망사조직 내에 고용체로 만들어 안정화 처리하므로 처리된 비산재를 건설재료로 재활용 할 수 있으며, 종래의 다른 방법에 비해 비산재의 안정화처리 및 재활용면에서 우수하다. 그러나 용융고형화법은 처리시스템이 복잡하고 고온을 유지해야 하기 때문에 초기설치비 및 운전비용이 많이 소요되는 문제가 있다.Conventional techniques for stabilizing fly ash discharged from municipal waste incinerators include melt solidification, cement solidification, acid extraction, and chemical addition. Except for the melt solidification method, chemicals such as cement, heavy metal stabilizer, and acid are used to stabilize heavy metals in fly ash, so it can cause secondary environmental pollution due to re-elution of heavy metals when recycling. There is. The melt solidification method heats fly ash to 1200 ~ 1500 ℃, stabilizes heavy metals into solid solution in the mesh of molten slag, so that the processed fly ash can be recycled as construction material. Excellent in terms of recycling However, the melt solidification method has a problem that the initial installation cost and operation cost are high because the processing system is complex and must maintain a high temperature.

상술한 바와 같이, 중금속 함유폐수를 처리하는데 사용되는 종래의 흡착제는 가격이 비싼 단점이 있으며, 도시폐기물 비산재의 경우는 안정화처리가 필요하지만 대부분의 방법들은 재활용보다 안정화를 주된 목적으로 하고 있어서 흡착제로 재활용하는데 한계가 있다.As described above, conventional adsorbents used to treat heavy metal-containing wastewater have a disadvantage of being expensive. In the case of municipal waste fly ash, stabilization treatment is required, but most methods are mainly aimed at stabilization rather than recycling. There is a limit to recycling.

본 발명은 위와 같은 종래의 문제를 해결하고자 창출된 것으로, 도시폐기물 비산재를 저온 열처리에 의해 안정화시킨 후 가격이 저렴한 폐수처리용 흡착제로 제조하는 흡착제 제조방법을 제공하는데 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above conventional problems, and to provide a method for producing an adsorbent for stabilizing the municipal waste fly ash by low temperature heat treatment to produce a low-cost adsorbent for waste water treatment.

도 1은 본 발명의 도시폐기물 소각장 비산재를 이용한 흡착제 제조공정을 나타내는 공정도.1 is a process chart showing an adsorbent production process using the municipal waste incinerator fly ash ash of the present invention.

본 발명은 도시폐기물 소각장의 집진장치에서 배출되는 비산재를 저온의 환원조건에서 열처리하여 폐수중에서 비산재 중의 중금속이 용출되지 않도록 안정화시켜 흡착제로 제조하는 방법으로, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 비산재를 이용한 흡착제 제조방법에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.The present invention is a method of stabilizing the fly ash discharged from the dust collector of the municipal waste incinerator under low temperature reducing conditions to stabilize the heavy metals of the fly ash in the waste water so as to produce an adsorbent, the fly ash of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings The manufacturing method of the used adsorbent is demonstrated in detail.

도 1은 본 발명의 비산재를 이용한 흡착제 제조공정을 나타내는 공정도이다.1 is a process chart showing a process for producing an adsorbent using the fly ash of the present invention.

본 발명에 의해 비산재를 흡착제로 제조하는 경우, 비산재를 폐수중에 주입하더라도 비산재에 함유된 중금속의 재용출이 일어나지 않는 동시에 안정화 처리된 비산재의 큰 비표면적과 높은 알칼리도에 의해 폐수중의 중금속이 제거된다. 따라서 본 발명에 따른 흡착제는 비산재에 함유된 중금속을 불용성화합물의 형태로 전환시킨 것으로서, 본 출원인이 출원중인 열처리방법(특허출원번호 10-2000-0003878, 2000. 1. 27)을 이용하였다. 열처리방법에 의한 비산재 중의 중금속을 안정화시키는 열처리조건은 비산재의 pH를 토대로 하여 소석회의 첨가여부를 결정하게 된다.In the case of manufacturing fly ash as an adsorbent according to the present invention, even if the fly ash is injected into the waste water, the heavy metals contained in the fly ash do not re-dissolve and the heavy metal in the waste water is removed by the large specific surface area and high alkalinity of the stabilized fly ash. . Therefore, the adsorbent according to the present invention converts the heavy metal contained in the fly ash into the form of an insoluble compound, and used the heat treatment method (Patent Application No. 10-2000-0003878, Jan. 27, 2000) which the applicant is applying for. Heat treatment conditions for stabilizing heavy metals in fly ash by the heat treatment method determine the addition of slaked lime based on the pH of the fly ash.

따라서 본 발명의 비산재를 이용한 흡착제 제조방법은 가) 집진장치에 포집된 비산재의 pH를 측정하는 단계와, 나) 비산재의 pH가 8 이상인 경우는 소석회를 첨가하지 않고 pH 8 미만인 비산재는 소석회를 무게기준으로 3∼5% 첨가하는 단계와, 다) 비산재 또는 소석회를 첨가한 비산재를 500∼600℃의 환원조건에서 1∼2시간 동안 열처리하는 단계와, 라) 열처리된 비산재를 냉각시켜 분말 흡착제를 생산하는 단계를 포함한다.Therefore, the method for preparing the adsorbent using fly ash of the present invention includes: a) measuring the pH of fly ash collected in the dust collector; Adding 3 to 5% as a standard; c) heating the fly ash or the fly ash to which the lime is added; at a reducing condition of 500 to 600 ° C. for 1 to 2 hours; and d) cooling the heated fly ash to obtain a powder adsorbent. Production steps.

＜실시예＞<Example>

본 발명의 흡착제 제조방법에 따라 pH 8 이상인 도시폐기물 소각장 비산재를 흡착제로 제조한 후 배치식으로 중금속 함유폐수처리에 이용하였으며, 그 결과를 표 1에 나타내었다. 본 발명에 의한 비산재의 중금속 제거능을 비교하기 위해 활성탄에 대해서도 동일한 실험을 수행하였다. 표 1에서 보는 바와 같이, 비산재를 흡착제로 사용했을 때 비산재 단위무게당 흡착량은 대상 중금속 모두 활성탄보다 많았으며, 특히 구리와 아연의 흡착량은 활성탄보다 1.5배 이상 높게 나타났다.According to the method for preparing the adsorbent of the present invention, the municipal waste incinerator fly ash having a pH of 8 or more was prepared as an adsorbent, and was used for treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals in a batch manner, and the results are shown in Table 1. The same experiment was performed on activated carbon to compare the heavy metal removal ability of fly ash according to the present invention. As shown in Table 1, when the fly ash was used as the adsorbent, the adsorption amount per unit weight of fly ash was higher than that of activated carbon, and the adsorption amount of copper and zinc was 1.5 times higher than that of activated carbon.

고액비에 따른 중금속의 최대 흡착량(단위 : g/㎏)Maximum adsorption amount of heavy metal according to the high liquid ratio (unit: g / ㎏) 흡착제absorbent 고액비성분High liquid ratio 폐수중의중금속농도(ppm)Heavy Metal Concentration in Wastewater (ppm) 1:1001: 100 1:3001: 300 1:5001: 500 1:7001: 700 1:9001: 900 비산재Fly ash 구리납아연니켈Copper Lead Zinc Nickel 103.096.455.566.2103.096.455.566.2 10.39.15.26.610.39.15.26.6 30.928.67.619.330.928.67.619.3 51.548.19.831.851.548.19.831.8 72.067.511.343.472.067.511.343.4 74.386.814.255.474.386.814.255.4 활성탄Activated carbon 구리납아연니켈Copper Lead Zinc Nickel 103.096.455.566.2103.096.455.566.2 10.29.61.76.310.29.61.76.3 22.328.93.318.422.328.93.318.4 31.547.95.230.531.547.95.230.5 39.264.47.342.739.264.47.342.7 48.178.79.154.948.178.79.154.9

본 발명은 도시폐기물 소각장 비산재를 폐수처리용 흡착제로 재활용하기 위한 기술로서, 다음과 같은 이점이 있다.The present invention is a technique for recycling the municipal waste incinerator fly ash as an adsorbent for wastewater treatment, has the following advantages.

⑴ 비산재를 지정폐기물 매립장에 위탁처리하던 종전의 처리방법에 비해 매립장의 사용년한을 연장시킬 수 있다. ⑵ 매립처분되는 비산재를 흡착제로 재활용한 것으로 제조원가면에서 기존의 흡착제보다 경제적 비교우위에 있으며, 저렴한 가격으로 흡착제를 공급할 수 있다. ⑶ 비산재의 안정화 처리와 처리된 비산재를 흡착제로 재활용할 수 있어 비산재 처리 및 자원의 유효이용을 극대화시킬 수 있다.(2) The service life of a landfill can be extended compared to the conventional treatment method where the fly ash was consigned to a designated landfill. 비 Reclaimed fly ash is recycled as an adsorbent, which is more economical than conventional adsorbents in terms of manufacturing cost, and can supply adsorbents at a low price. 안정화 The stabilization of fly ash and the treated fly ash can be recycled as adsorbent to maximize fly ash treatment and effective use of resources.

Claims (2)

도시폐기물 소각장 비산재를 이용한 흡착제 제조방법에 있어서,In the manufacturing method of the adsorbent using municipal waste incineration fly ash, ⑴ 집진장치에 포집된 비산재의 pH를 토대로 소각재의 첨가 여부를 결정하는 단계와,Determining whether to add incineration ash based on the pH of fly ash collected in the dust collector; ⑵ 비산재의 pH가 8 이상인 경우는 소석회를 섞지 않고 pH 8 미만인 비산재는 소석회를 무게기준으로 3∼5% 첨가하는 단계와,⑵ If the fly ash has a pH of 8 or more, without the addition of hydrated lime, the fly ash having a pH of less than 8 adds 3 to 5% of the hydrated lime by weight; ⑶ 비산재 또는 소석회와 혼합한 비산재를 500∼600℃의 환원조건에서 1∼2시간 동안 열처리하는 단계와,(B) heat-treating the fly ash mixed with fly ash or slaked lime for 1 to 2 hours at a reducing condition of 500 to 600 캜; ⑷ 열처리된 비산재를 냉각시켜 분말 흡착제를 생산하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 흡착제 제조방법.냉각 cooling the heat-treated fly ash to produce a powder adsorbent. 제 1항의 제조방법으로 제조되는 것을 특징으로 하는 폐수처리용 흡착제.An adsorbent for wastewater treatment, which is prepared by the method of claim 1.
KR1020000024715A 2000-01-27 2000-05-09 Adsorbent manufacturing method using the municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash KR20000049962A (en)

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KR100383657B1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2003-05-14 한일시멘트 (주) The method for manufacturing of alkali absorbent

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JPH0788362A (en) * 1993-08-27 1995-04-04 Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc Gaseous carbon dioxide adsorbent
KR970004694A (en) * 1995-06-28 1997-01-29 배순훈 Controllers of monitors with identical speakers
JPH1157462A (en) * 1997-08-07 1999-03-02 Miura Co Ltd Adsorbent for treating exhaust gas

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0788362A (en) * 1993-08-27 1995-04-04 Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc Gaseous carbon dioxide adsorbent
KR970004694A (en) * 1995-06-28 1997-01-29 배순훈 Controllers of monitors with identical speakers
JPH1157462A (en) * 1997-08-07 1999-03-02 Miura Co Ltd Adsorbent for treating exhaust gas

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100383657B1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2003-05-14 한일시멘트 (주) The method for manufacturing of alkali absorbent

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