KR20000031407A - Feed additives for marine animal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a cheap, high quality feed additives using seeds and a peel of citron, improving resistance to bacteria and diseases of marine animal. CONSTITUTION: This feed additive contains a citron powder which comprised steps that washing the seeds and a peel of citron, cutting and drying with heating dryer for 12-18 hours. This powdery additive is added to feed 0.1-10 wt.% and marine animal fed this, have a natural color, high quality of meat.

Description

Feed additives for fish and livestock

The present invention relates to a feed additive for aquatic livestock. More specifically, it is a feed additive for aquatic livestock consisting of citron seed and its bark powder, which is added to a wet feed (raw feed) or a solid feed (combined feed) and serves to suppress disease of the fish.

Fisheries livestock grow only as much as they eat, so 'how can we feed a lot?'

There are two main types of feed administered to aquatic livestock: wet feed and solid feed.

Most of the livestock livestock is carnivorous, and large fish usually eat small fish and grow. These wet foods are palatable, and raising livestock as fish is common sense today.

However, as the size of aquaculture grew, the shortcomings of wet feeding began to be pointed out.

First, the problem is related to fresh feed. High freshness wet food is a good food, but when it is transported from a distant place in the frozen state, the freshness naturally falls, and even when frozen, the above phenomenon occurs and the long term storage becomes difficult.

As above, the freshness of the wet feed will cause disease in the fish. The cause is malnutrition caused by detoxification of harmful amines and destruction of vitamins caused by decay.

Second is the contamination problem caused by wet feed. After finely slicing the wet feed and capturing the above-mentioned fish by capturing the fish feed, the intake of the feed is 30% and the remaining 70% is discarded feed to contaminate the sea.

In addition, freezing fresh fish causes the water in the fish to become ice, expanding 10% of its volume and destroying cellular structures. Soluble components are eluted from cells destroyed in water, causing contamination of the sea.

Third, it is difficult to supply uniform nutrients. In the spawning season, fish grow fat and dry after spawning. Eventually fluctuations in the ingredients will occur, especially fat changes. The growth of aquatic livestock fed wet diets with large seasonal fluctuations depends on the composition of the feed.

Therefore, it is important to maintain the balance of nutritional ingredients by adding nutrients in order to take advantage of the palatable wet feed and to compensate for the shortcomings.

On the other hand, since the solid feed is distributed in a dry state, there is an advantage that it is easy to transport and preserve and there is no need for a refrigeration facility at the use site.

Solid feed began to spread around freshwater fish that are easy to apply dry pellets to, and the introduction of marine fish farming has resulted in the production of porous floating flotation foods with good absorption.

Solid foods have a high stability in water even after absorption and have a high digestibility of energy by proper heat treatment.

However, despite the above advantages, fish livestock are not safe from many diseases because they are unable to maintain their bodies normally due to the loss of seawater and lack of UGF. .

In order to prevent disease of fish and fish in various farms, disinfectants such as formalin and sodium hypochlorite and various antibiotics such as aquaphen, oxolin, sulfa fish and OT seed are used above the standard. The reality is that they are not responding and are seeing property losses at enormous drug costs.

Therefore, the present invention provides fish farmers with cheaper and better feed additives that play a role of suppressing the occurrence of diseases of marine livestock by strengthening resistance to the bacteria of marine livestock by using citron seeds and their shells discarded during citron processing. The purpose is to produce good quality livestock.

Figure 1a shows a feeding amount graph of the flounder,

Figure 1b shows the weight change of the flounder,

Figure 1c shows a graph of mortality according to the disease occurrence of the flounder;

Figure 2a shows a dose amount graph of the rock wool rock,

Figure 2b shows the weight change graph of the zodiac rock,

Figure 2c shows a graph of mortality according to the development of the disease of zodiac rock;

Figure 3a shows a dose amount graph of defense,

3b shows a graph of weight change in defense,

3C shows a graph of mortality with disease development in defense;

Figure 4a shows a feeding amount graph of the tuna,

4b shows a weight change graph of the bluefin tuna,

Figure 4c shows a graph of mortality according to the disease occurrence of the tuna.

In the figure, A is a test zone for feeding the feed to which the feed additive of the present invention is added, and B is a test zone for feeding a general feed.

The present invention is a feed additive for aquatic livestock consisting of powder of citron seed and its shell.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

Citron used in the present invention is rich in bioactive substances such as vitamin C, alpha carotene, beta carotene, resperidine, niacin, chiamin (vitamin B ₁ ), riboflavin (vitamin B ₂ ), these are budding It promotes metabolic function and prevents oxidation of body and strengthens resistance to prevent invasion of various bacteria.

Anticancer ingredients, such as limonine and nomirin, which are contained in large amounts in the citron, are known to be effective in suppressing tumor formation and suppressing early carcinogenesis, and thus, they play a role in suppressing disease in fish and livestock.

In addition, various organic acids, such as citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, etc. contained in the citron, promotes the secretion of bile, improves digestive function and helps to absorb nutrients, thereby making fish livestock healthy.

Fatty acids such as palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaidic acid, and DHA in citron activate brain function It is an important constituent, which reduces the total amount of cholesterol by about half and suppresses blood clots.

In addition, minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and iron contained in citrons play a role in maintaining weakly alkaline body fluids, and are directly involved in muscle contraction and relaxation, neurotransmission, blood clotting and hormone secretion.

In order to prepare a feed additive containing such excellent ingredients, the seed of the citron of 10 years or older and its shell are washed cleanly, and then cut, dried for 12 to 18 hours with a hot air dryer, and then dried Their shells are finely ground with a grinder to prepare a powder.

The feed additive made of the citron seed and its bark powder is added to the feed for fish and cattle at a ratio of 0.1 to 10% by weight. The reason is that when the additive is added to the feed at a ratio of less than 0.1% by weight, the effect is too insignificant, and may be added at a ratio of more than 10% by weight, but is insufficient in the feed considering the blending ratio with the feed. This is because it is appropriate to add 0.1 to 10% by weight in order to supplement.

More preferably, the feed additive is used by adding 0.2 to 0.5% by weight.

In addition, it is possible to prepare a feed additive containing Ganoderma lucidum powder and dried algae powder in addition to the citron seed and its bark powder.

Ganoderma lucidum contains polymer polysaccharides called acidic protein bodies that generate and activate a lot of immune proteins, or antibodies, and the antibodies eat cancer cells and have a good effect on disease prevention.

In addition, Ganoderma lucidum contains high levels of germanium, which is an element of life, to purify body fluids to clean up all substances that can become hospitals, to re-alkaline acidic waste products, promote metabolic activity, promote genes and life phenomena. Influential in

When the germanium is administered, it is combined with hydrogen instead of oxygen to be excreted, thereby playing an original role such as function recovery and cell repair without wasting oxygen in the body.

In addition, brewer's yeast contains eight amino acids to provide balanced nutrition to the fish and promote the growth of the fish. In particular, it helps the function of enzymes in the body to promote metabolism in the body, thereby helping to normalize the living body in the treatment of stress or disease in fish and fish.

In order to prepare a feed additive containing the Ganoderma lucidum and brewer's yeast, first, Ganoderma lucidum is prepared in powder in the same manner as the method of making powder of the citron seed and its husk by extracting two to three years old. The brewer's yeast is also dried and powdered.

45 to 55% by weight of the citron seed and its shell powder, 5 to 15% by weight powder of ganoderma lucidum mushroom and 45 to 55% by weight of beer yeast dry powder can be prepared.

The feed additive made in the above ratio is added to the feed for fish and cattle at a ratio of 0.1 to 10% by weight. The reason for the addition at the above ratio is the same as in the case of the feed additive consisting of citron seed and its shell powder, and more preferably 0.2 to 0.5% by weight is used.

Hereinafter, examples of the present invention are shown, but the present invention is not limited accordingly.

Example

[Experimental method]

The experiment of the present invention was carried out in the Daekyeong Fisheries Land and Livestock located in Deokho-ri, Sadeung-myeon, Geoje-si, Gyeongsangnam-do from April 1997 to March 1998.

In the present invention, experiments were carried out on aquatic livestock such as halibut, zombola (Urug), yellowtail, and tuna.

Experimental zone A is a test zone for feeding a feed containing 0.2 to 0.5% by weight of the feed additive of feed additive consisting of citron seed and its shell powder, ganoderma lucidum powder and brewer's yeast dry powder. Diet B is an experimental diet fed normal feed.

Experimental A feeding the feed containing the feed additives and Experimental B, the control group fed the normal feed, were compared at intervals of 1 month to observe the degree of feeding, weight change, mortality, and the like.

The change in body weight was observed by measurement, and the degree of feeding and the amount of mortality were measured by measurement and visual observation.

[Change of degree of feeding]

As a result of comparing the experimental group A and B, it was found that the feeding amount of the flounder of the experimental group A was increased by about 10 to 20% than the flounder of the experimental group B. These results are shown in Figure 1a.

In addition, it was also found that in the case of the ground rock rock, the ground rock rock of the experimental group A increased about 10 to 15% more than the feeding amount of the ground rock of the experimental group B. These results are shown in Figure 2a.

As for the results of the defense, it was found that in the case of experimental group A, the feeding amount was increased by about 10 to 15% compared to that of the experimental group B, as in the case of the zodiac rock. These results are shown in Figure 3a.

In addition, as for the flounder, it was found that the feeding amount of experiment A was about 10 to 20% higher than that of experiment B as in the case of flounder. These results are shown in Figure 4a.

The reason why the monthly variation of the graph is large in the above result is that the feeding amount of the fish is dependent on the water temperature. Higher water temperatures increase the feeding of fish and livestock while lower water temperatures decrease the feeding.

However, aquatic animal feed fed feed containing the feed additive of the present invention shows an increase in feeding amount of 15% on average.

[Weight change]

In the weight change of the flounder, the flounder of experimental group B grew about an average of 850 g in March, but the flounder of the experimental group A grew more than 1000 g. These results are shown in Figure 1b.

As can be seen from the growth in March, the weight change of the rockfish was found to be 150g higher than that of the experiment B. These results are shown in Figure 2b.

Defensive body weight change of experimental group A's body weight gained more than 1000g in January, but experimental group B's defense was only about 1000g body weight in March. These results are shown in Figure 3b.

In the change in weight of the fish, Experiment A had grown about 350 grams in March, while Experiment B had only 250 grams, a difference of about 100 grams.

The weight change is very closely related to the feeding amount, so when the feeding amount is large, weight gain occurs naturally.

In the case of feeding the feed containing the feed additive of the present invention, even if the water temperature is lowered to some extent, the amount of feeding is maintained, it was found that the growth rate is increased than the conventional feed.

[Change of Mortality According to Disease Outbreak]

In the case of flounder in experimental group B, the mortality caused by disease increased up to 32% between July and September, when disease incidence was high, while the flounder in experimental group A reduced the mortality by cutting the disease by half to 15%. It was. These results are shown in Figure 1c.

In experimental B, the mortality caused by disease increased up to 30% between August and November, but the experimental mortality of experimental A decreased by less than 11%. These results are shown in Figure 2c.

In the case of defense of Experiment B, the mortality caused by disease increased by 38% between July and September, but in Experiment A, the mortality decreased by less than 20%.

In the case of the true mullet in experimental group B, the mortality increased by up to 37% between July and November, but the proportion of the true mullet in experimental group A was significantly reduced by 14%, resulting in a significant reduction in mortality.

In a season with high water temperature and a large range of change, the incidence of disease increases and the mortality increases. However, when feeding a feed containing the feed additive of the present invention, the mortality is reduced by suppressing disease occurrence.

As can be seen from the above results, when all of the tested livestock livestock were fed the feed containing the feed additive according to the present invention, the feeding amount increased by about 10 to 15%, and the body weight was also shipped. It increased by about 80 to 150 g. Disease outbreaks have also been reduced to less than 15%.

Therefore, the feed additive of the present invention has a good effect on increasing the amount of feeding, weight gain, disease suppression, etc. of the fish, and there is no adverse effect on the fish, even if taken for a long time, and has a good effect to quickly heal the penetration of wounds and parasites.

Feed additives of the present invention can be provided to farmed fishermen at a low price by using the citron seeds and their shells discarded during citron processing, the feed additives are anti-cancer ingredients that suppress the development of trace growth factors and diseases lacking in fish and livestock It can be used in combination with general feeds, especially solid feeds, to bring fish farming to healthy conditions and increase productivity from disease and water pollution.

In addition, aquatic livestock feeding the feed containing the feed additive has a color close to that of natural, it can enjoy the effect of producing a higher quality livestock livestock to consumers by improving the quality of meat.

Claims (4)

A feed additive for aquatic livestock, characterized in that it consists of a powder of citron seed and its shell. The feed additive for aquatic livestock according to claim 1, further comprising ganoderma lucidum powder and brewer's yeast dry powder. The aquatic animal feed additive according to claim 2, wherein the citron seed and its shell powder 45 to 55% by weight, ganoderma lucidum powder 5 to 15% by weight, and beer yeast dry powder 45 to 55% by weight. The additive for aquatic livestock feed according to claim 1 or 2, which is added to the feed for aquatic livestock at a ratio of 0.1 to 10% by weight.