KR20000010574A - Method and apparatus for eliminating the spirality in knitted fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for eliminating a spirality in a knitted fabric are provided to include a loop forming component such as a needle and a sinker and to include a receiving component for storing the manufactured fabric. CONSTITUTION: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing and/or treating a fabric, knitting in particular, preferably for producing a single-jersey fabric, a derivative thereof or the like, is carried out with a knitting machine, such as a circular, flat-bed, straight-bar, loop-wheel machine or the like, comprising at least knitting elements (1), such as yarn supply elements and loop forming elements (1a), such as needles, sinkers and/or the like, incorporation therewith for producing a fabric from continuous yarn, such as one or a plurality of untwisted, S-, Z-twisted yarns and/or alike yarn, by knitting, and take-up elements (2) for receiving the resulting fabric. The spirality of an obtained fabric is eliminated at a first stage (A) on one hand by altering the number of twists/unit of length and/or the relative length of distortion-causing loop legs, whereafter the obtained fabric is on the other hand at a second stage (B), preferably during the course of fabric finishing or alike operation, subjected to at least one after-treatment, wherein the fabric is straightened in terms of its wales and/or courses for resetting the loop legs to a substantially equal length. The invention also relates to an apparatus for implementing the method.

Description

Method and apparatus for removing spirality of knitted fabrics

A method of making and / or treating a fabric, particularly preferably a circular flat bed, straight bar, loop wheel knitting, for producing only jersey fabrics, derivatives thereof, and the like. Knits are carried out with a knitting machine, such as a wheel machine, etc., which is one or more knitting machines cooperating to make a fabric from a continuous yarn, such as one or more untwisted, S-, Z-twist yarns, and the like. Yarn receiving parts and loop forming parts such as needles, sinkers and the like and also receiving parts containing the fabrics produced.

In general terms, manufacturing single jersey fibers is an enormous scale of industry. Hundreds of thousands of tonnes are traded annually to manufacture circular knitted cotton fabrics, one of the most important individual product listings in knitwear manufacturing. However, the most difficult problem facing in the field of single jersey fabrics which has not been fully solved to date is the spirality of the fabrics. First of all, this is due to the fact that the single jersey fabric is different with respect to its cotton and inverted cotton, so that an "unbalanced" aspect is obtained. The purpose of carrying out the final treatment after dyeing is to keep the fabric in an unshrinkable state (size stability) so as to maintain straight wales and courses. When the fabric is further cut into parts of the garment, the product will be applied in relation to its appearance. However, almost without exception, after the fabric produced according to this result has been washed, the seams or wales of the product are no longer straight but twisted. As such, since distortion is inherently important for the quality of the fabric, it is provided with certain qualitative standards imposed on it, and thus, in Finland, for example, one limitation that applies to the spiral of the fabric is The rounding of does not mean that it should not exceed 10% of the length or that the angle of spirality cannot exceed 6 °. Indeed, size asymmetry is sufficient to cause dissatisfaction from consumers.

However, until now, most of the solutions for eliminating alpine have been devoted to fields including yarn technology or chemical treatment. Removal of the fabric's ridges has been implemented, for example, by the following method.

1. Alternately using S- and Z-twist yarns in continuous feed

This solution has several disadvantages, for example, the costs associated with yarns are considerably higher than in conventional knitting operations and in essence this further increases the price of the manufactured knitwear. In addition, the possibility of yarn blending of yarn bobbins is so high that it is easily raised to an unacceptable rate, for example 0.5%, which increases the cost factor and the price of the fabric produced. Another drawback from the device described above is that the outward direction of the fabric is unbalanced and the Wales are alternately cockling left and right.

2. Short loop length available

The short loop length eliminates torsion due to yarns in the fabric. Knitting operations with small loops do not involve the use of a wide range of loop lengths, so that the size stability of the fabric is controlled, but eliminating the torsion of the fabric needs to be knitted over a very narrow subregion within the loop length range. do. When running on the same secondary weight, if the spirality by the yarns of the fabric is controlled, the knitting is done with thicker yarns and longer loop lengths so that the manufacture of the knitting machine may substantially increase by 100% compared to the previous case. will be. Another disadvantage associated with short loop lengths is that they limit the possibility of controlling the secondary weight. In addition, there is no possibility of using a knitting machine using coarse and thick yarns to create a sufficiently long and loose loop which causes problems and creates the inherent flexibility of the coarse fabric.

3. Use folded yarns or two thin yarns (S- and Z-twist) to knit in a common feed

The disadvantage associated with this solution is, among other things, that the folded yarn is too expensive to tolerate. Thin yarns are more expensive to spin than thick yarns. Because spinning of extremely thin or thinly folded yarns is not possible at a reasonable cost, no special solution for knitting thin fabrics is available.

4. Elimination of yarn snarling (15-25%), just before loosening or knitting during spinning operations

First of all, the disadvantage associated with this solution is that the untwisting operation increases the manufacturing cost and the cost of the fabric in terms of cost. Furthermore, yarns must be knitted quickly after untwisting, actually causing special requirements with regard to process technology and further increasing costs by using specific equipment.

Indeed, the fabric folds currently in use provide only partial ridges resulting in unreasonable additional costs, mainly in the manufacture of knitwear, as well as fine control of improved productivity and secondary weight in the manufacture of knitwear. I'm getting in the way. In essence, considering the end user of the fabric, this situation is unacceptable, because the fabric's swelling can make the fabric quite expensive and not always meet the quality requirements.

The object of the method of the present invention is to overcome and overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages so that knitting can be carried out using only a single yarn type, Z- or S-twist yarn according to the direction of rotation of the knitting machine, thereby substantially improving the prior art and Reduces organizational costs In order to achieve this object, the method of the present invention, on the one hand, is achieved by varying the number of twists, the length unit and / or the relative length of the loop leg, which increases the roundness. In the second step, preferably during the final treatment or similar operation of the fabric, after which one or more of the fabrics are post-treated and in relation to their wales and / or coarse The fabric is calibrated so that loop legs of different lengths are reset to substantially the same length.

The present invention is based on the above, for example, when a circular device is used for knitting, each yarn sets up a knitted fabric on a spiral, which is a constant pitch depending on the number of feeds and loop lengths. Equipped. In the actual loop forming step, both legs of the loop are the same length. As the circular device knits the subsequent layers, each feed knit its own next Wales, while the unique horizontal Wales will be asymmetrical by the spiral pitch of the yarn. Accordingly, one of the loop legs becomes shorter, the internal twist is offset and the number of twists, the unit of length increases. Generally in conventional manufacturing methods, the fabric is maintained in this state and the conventional fabric is subjected to a pretreatment and dyeing process. The fabric is wet treated and heat treated to improve the 'settlement' of additional twists. In certain cases, it is an object of the present invention to further reduce the length of one of the loop legs further and to increase the number of twists on the legs, resulting in the final treatment of the fabric when correcting the fabric with respect to its wales and cooss. Thus, shortened loop legs during knitting or pretreatment will be longer and the number of twists and units of length will be reduced. Accordingly, it is possible to use yarn to loosen by avoiding yarn snalling and by removing the torsional forces generated by the twist.

The most important advantage achieved by the method of the present invention is that the main practical structure used to implement this method has a simple structure. The method of the present invention eliminates the extremely inherent problems associated with the fabric and provides a significant improvement over the current state from the fabric manufacturer's and end user's perspective. The present invention is implemented using a device that satisfies this in terms of overall costs, thereby improving the functionality of existing knitting machines to implement the principles of the present invention. The investment cost of implementing the method of the present invention is not critical compared with the efforts currently made to correct the spirality, which is a feature of the present invention, which reduces yarn damage costs and reduces the amount of defective rates, for example. As a result, the quality of each manufactured product is improved by decision and the productivity of the knitting machine can be increased by using a longer loop length when compared to the achievable return. With regard to investment costs, besides the qualitative and cost factors, there are other returns that can be achieved by increased productivity which has a decisive influence on the adoption of investment. It is also possible by way of example to control the secondary weight of the fabric, for example by using yarns but in spite of the devices associated with knitting techniques. Importantly, the end-user can get a high quality knitted product, which gradually eliminates the fabric's stiffness, reducing the number of complaints in various instances.

The dependent claims herein refer to preferred embodiments of the method of the invention.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus operated according to the principles of the present invention and is defined in more detail in the preamble of the independent claim. The main features of the invention are set forth in the characterizing part of the same claims.

The most important advantage obtained by the advantages of the present invention is that it has simplicity and reliability during operation, thus making it possible to produce fabrics of good quality, which are quite low in additional cost and free of rounding. Accordingly, the device of the present invention is capable of removing ridges in a manner that is more reliable and economically superior to solutions of the prior art. Of course, the guidelines combined with the device can be used in conjunction with a new device and can be upgraded to a very simple device. Since the apparatus of the present invention for eliminating fabric squeeze is inherently based on solutions, including knitting techniques and / or final treatment techniques, there is no need to consider specific devices associated with yarns, thereby essentially simplifying the manufacturing process and To facilitate. Primarily, the apparatus of the present invention allows for the production of new types of fabrics by using a combination yarn type knitting technique that is deemed impossible by current technology, for example.

The dependent claims claim a preferred type of device for the device of the invention.

In the following specification, the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1A and 1B illustrate a preferred embodiment in which the invention can be implemented, in particular applicable to a circular knitting device.

2A and 2B illustrate another preferred embodiment in which the present invention can be applied to a circular knitting device.

3a and 3b illustrate a fabric wound on a winding roll of the present invention.

4 exemplarily illustrates six other alternatives to the deflection of Wales implemented in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 5 illustrates one preferred guide device included in the device of the present invention.

6A and 6B illustrate a guide device different from FIG. 5 in a side view and a plan view.

FIG. 7 shows, in plan view and in side views (a, b), a preferred embodiment of the invention, in particular applied in connection with a flat bed device.

FIG. 8 illustrates, in side and front view, a preferred embodiment in which the present invention can be implemented to process the circular knitted product in the form of a tube by a cylinder as well as a rotary take down device and a winding roll.

9 illustrates a preferred pre or post treatment according to the method of the present invention in front and plan views (a, b).

Figure 10 shows two different working processes (a, b) employing the method of the present invention to treat a piece of fabric.

Figure 11 shows an embodiment according to the method of the present invention in which the longitudinal area a and the socket c are used as seen from the end b.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing and / or processing fabrics, in which, in particular, in order to produce single jersey fabrics, derivatives thereof, etc., circular, flatbed, straight bar, roof wheel devices, etc. Knitting is performed with a knitting machine, such as one or more knitting to cooperate to make a fabric from successive yarns, such as one or several twisted, S-, Z-twist yarns and / or similar yarns by knitting. An element 1, for example a yarn feed element and a loop forming element 1a, for example a needle, a sinker, and the like, which further comprise a winding element for receiving the resulting fabric. On the one hand, the fabric obtained by changing the number of twists, length units and / or the relative length of the loop legs causing the squeeze in the first step A is removed so that the spirality of the obtained fabric is removed. In the process technology fabrication process, for example, washing, drying, steaming process, etc. to make the change stable at The fabric obtained during is subjected to one or more post treatments and the fabric is calibrated to reset the loop legs with respect to its wales and / or tiers, the relative length of the legs being changed to substantially the same length during the first stage A do.

Most simply, the method of the present invention mainly applies to the state of the knitted product produced, for example, along the garment length. This state is referred to in FIG. 10, wherein the fabric knitted along the length of the garment is placed on the pin flame F shown in FIG. 10A with the width, length and asymmetry applied to be adjustable. The fabric is tensioned laterally and longitudinally so that the end or wales are finally inclined in the arrangement formed by the pin flame F, for example in the first step A, as shown in FIG. 10B. In an asymmetrical pin flame position, the fabric is subjected to different twist / length units for wet treatment, steaming and dried and shortened loop legs, for example. The fabric knitted according to the garment length is then corrected by the flame means to force the wales and ends of the fabric to a substantially vertical position (not shown in the figure). At this point, the other twist is not loosened and the torsional force of the loop legs, respectively, is canceled out. Finally, the fabric knitted along the garment length is for example cut on a pin table.

In another preferred embodiment, the method of the present invention is improved during a particular work process or during an actual knitting operation, wherein the actual knitting operation is provided with a winding assembly 2a and / or a spreading assembly 2b. The fabric is drawn to a storage assembly 2c, such as a winding roll. Accordingly, the number of twists, the length unit and / or the relative length of the loop legs resulting in rounding are changed at least partially under tension by pretreatment means, including knitting techniques, while forming the end of the fabric. Acting as the first stage A or modified by pretreatment means including the final treatment technique, and acting in the first stage A during pretreatment of the fabric stage, resulting in the resulting fabric as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B. , The stages are inclined, the wales are calibrated or reversed, and both sides may be inclined, unlike the drawing.

In a preferred example of the method according to the invention, for example, a knitting element as shown in FIG. 1B, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B and in a first stage pretreatment A1 ′ using a knitting technique in connection with a circular device. By employing the winding element 2 to move at the front of (1) or at the rear of the knitted element 1 shown in FIG. 1A, the fabric is stretched direction s1 deviating from the basic stretching direction s0 substantially perpendicular to the knitting plane, for example. Is stretched.

In another preferred method of the invention, in the first stage pretreatment A1 ″ including the knitting technique, the fabric is fitted between the winding element 2 and the knitting element by pulling in the stretching direction s1 deviating from the basic stretching direction s0. Inclined by the action of the jean guide assembly 3, this type of operating principle is described by the arrangement of a circular knitting device such as, for example, FIGS. 2 a and 2b, the winding element 2 further comprising a spreading assembly 2 b. It further includes. A similar concept is described, for example, as a flat bed knitting device, such as FIGS. 7A and B, where Wales is inclined by elongating the fabric to one side only. In FIG. 4, points a-f illustratively illustrate various deflection possibilities for changing the orientation of the stages.

In another example of the method of the present invention, as a first stage pretreatment A ′ ″ including final treatment techniques, it is preferred that the guide surface device 5 be subjected to air technology treatments such as washing, dyeing, steaming processes, etc. Is a first stage pretreatment involving fabrics fabricated with a prefabricated circular device of tubular form, which is carried out on the principle as shown in FIG. 8, and in the first stage pretreatment A ′ ″, tension In this applied state the yarns of the tubular fibers are knitted in a spiral form, for example by pushing the ends in the Z-direction in a fabric knitted with S-twist yarns respectively. By pushing the ends in the S-direction in the fabric or in a similar manner, the number of twists is increased in units of the length of the shortened loop legs.

In another example of the method of the present invention, particularly in FIGS. 9A and 9B, preferably by increasing the number of twists, or by shortening the loop legs that cause a dent, preferably in units of the length of the loop legs, The open knitted or coursewise open cut tubular fabric of the length of the loop leg is treated prior to the processing technique fabric processing such as washing, dyeing, steaming process. In this regard, for example, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, a guide roll assembly 4a is used to extend the fabric in a plane intersecting with respect to its reciprocating direction of movement. On the other hand, the action can be effected by providing a dry flame D while the pin chains are operated at speeds V ', V ″ which are not equal to each other.

Further, in the second stage post-treatment B performed on the fabric produced according to the preferred example before the cutting operation, the wales or ends of the fabric wait for the left loop leg of the S-twist yarn and the right loop leg of the Z-twist yarn. The force is exerted by tensioning it to a position perpendicular to each other by yellowing or in a similar manner. As can be seen in FIGS. 9A and 9B, respectively, illustrated in front and plane, one preferred tensioning or stretching device 4 of the present invention is provided which produces the above-described action. At the same time, after the usual processing techniques such as twisting the length contained within the loop legs, washing the fabric to reduce the number of units, dyeing, steaming processes, etc., the fabric is subjected to post-treatment B and coarse direction. The open knit or tubular fabric cut open to the surface is stretched with the stretching device 4 on one side in a plane intersected in the reciprocating direction by using the roll assembly 4a, for example as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B. The same principle is followed. In essence, for example, by using a pin chain to stretch the fabric to dry flame D at unequal speeds V ′ V ″, the fabric corresponds in such a way that it is driven onto the pins of the drying device, for example dry flame D. Results are achieved.

When knitting is performed with a circular device, for example as shown in FIG. 1A, a winding roll 2a and a wading roll 2c are followed by the needle cylinder 1, a loop having the same length of units, the number of twists A fabric provided with a leg is obtained but the length of the legs is not the same. Then, in the first stage pretreatment A1 ″ including the knitting technique, for example, the wales of the open cut fabric are forced to an asymmetrical position that is symmetric to the knitting position, for example on the principle as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B. This is done to increase the number of twists, units of length of the shortened loop legs. This is followed by dyeing the fabric and steaming it if possible. In post-treatment step B (FIG. 9), the wales and stages are driven to a position perpendicular to each other so that some of the other twists are unraveled from the loop leg yarns to eliminate the torsion forces produced by the loop legs or Or offset.

For example, during the knitting operation as shown in FIG. 1B, the winding roll 2a and the winding roll 2c are rotated in front of the rotating needle cylinder 1 counterclockwise, so that the left loop of the fabric The leg is retracted and the right leg is enlarged. However, both legs have the same number of twists and units of length. After knitted fabrics are treated by standard washing, drying and final treatment processes, the tubular fabric is opened in the direction of the tiers. The wales of the open cut fabric were then exerted in a direction perpendicular to the stages under tension in post-treatment B (FIG. 9) to reduce the number of twists, the unit of the length of the unfolded loop legs and these unfolded loop legs. Reduce the torsional force of Knitting of the above-described type by means of a circular device rotating counterclockwise makes it possible in particular to knit S-twist yarns. During the knitting by the clockwise rotating circular device, the winding device 2a and the winding roll 2c are rotated in the front with respect to the needle cylinder 1 or initially, the needle cylinder 1 and the yarn It contains silver Z-twisted yarns so that the knitted fabric will be drawn in contrast to the previous example.

Further, when knitting is performed with a flat bed or straight bar device, the principle of which is described in 7a, 7b, inclined or asymmetrical position by means of the roll assembly 3b used as the guide device 3 After the winding was carried out under tension, a force was applied to the wales of the fabric so that one set of loop legs contracted, the other loop leg unfolded, the number of twists, the unit of the length of the contracted loop legs increased, A straight line runs directly between the level and the winding and the winding roll 2a keeps the fabric tensioned. As shown in FIG. 7B, the roll assembly 3b has a threaded roll 3b 'that can be laterally inclined, which roll 3b' exerts a force on Wales in an inclined position, for example. The fabric is collected on the winding roll 2c according to the principle as shown in 3b, at which point the `` settlement '' of the other kinks is for example simply received on a winding roll or for example by means of wet, heating and steam treatment. In post-treatment B before cutting the fabric, Wales is calibrated under tension to unlevel the other twists and remove the torsional forces caused by yarn twists.

Therefore, the apparatus of the present invention is applied in the first stage A to modify the number of twists, the unit of length or the relative length of the loop leg causing the backlash on the one hand and the wales and / or stages thereof on the other hand. In a second step to post-treat the fabric produced to correct or align the fabric in connection with it.

In a preferred embodiment, in view of modifying the number of twists, units of length and / or the relative lengths of the loop legs causing rises in a manner comprising a knitting technique, essentially during the knitting process, the fabric is for example From the stretching direction s1 deviating from the basic stretching direction s0 which is substantially perpendicular to the knitting plane, the fabric is applied such that it is stretched asymmetrically A1 ', with the knitting device having the winding element 2 in front or rear with respect to the knitting element 1. 1A and 1B in a manner to be reciprocated, for example, to be manipulated according to the principles shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

On the other hand, as another preferred option A ″ with regard to the knitting technique, the device is provided with a guide device 3 operated between the knitting element 1 and the winding element 2, so that the stretching direction of the fabric is the basic stretching direction. It is made to deviate in the extending direction s1 substantially different from s0, or to incline the wales 7a and 7b thereof. In this context, in the practical embodiment further illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6 for the sake of illustration, the steps of the stages are guided by means of the guide device 3, 3a ′ by using a rotating ring adapted to the inner surface of the tubular fabric. Deflection of the direction is performed. The ring 3a ', which is rotated at a low, high or the same speed as compared to the rotational speed of the needle cylinder 1, is provided with a surface of coarse material, for example in the form of a rubber. In another preferred embodiment, the rotating ring 3a 'is provided with a disk, which disk is fixed or rotated along the ring and the fabric is fabricated on all of its parts at the same strength relative to the surface of the rotating ring. To be pressed. 6a and 6b describe yet another optional device provided with a rotating ring 3a ″ consisting of a roller with a rotating spike.

In addition, the guide devices 3, 3b are illustrated in FIGS. 7 a and 7b, mainly for example flat bed or straight bar knitting with a threaded roll 3b ′ which can be laterally inclined in between. It consists of a pair of roll 2a provided. The pair of rolls 2a densely holds the fabric in both the longitudinal and lateral directions. A threaded roll 3b 'fitted between a pair of rolls 2a having an inclined angle that is made adjustable forces the Wales to be asymmetric.

In particular, in the processing of already-formed tubular circular fabrics, the device is provided with a guide surface device 5 to pretreat the final processing technique A ′ ″ to force the ends of the tubular fabric with tension on the spiral. To be added. In this context, it is possible to use a spreader 5b adapted to the inner surface of the tubular fabric, for example as shown in Figs. 8A and 8B. To keep the fabric dense, the spreader is provided with pairs of rolls 5b2 on symmetrical sides. In this case, the roll of tubular fabric N and the first pair of rolls 5b2 'are rotated around the longitudinal axis, so that the ends are wound asymmetrically around the spreader 5b1. The second pair of rolls 5b2 " unwind the fabric from the roll of fabric N at an appropriate speed.

In this regard, the fabric ends are rotated in the Z-direction on a fabric knitted with S-twist yarn, so that the left loop leg accommodates different twist, length units. Each of the fabric ends is rotated in the S-direction on a fabric knitted with Z-twist yarn, so that the right loop legs each receive different twist, length units.

In another embodiment of the invention, in particular in the 9a and 9b, the device comprises one or more expansion assemblies 4, by which the open knitting or cut open in the direction of the stages, or The tubular fabric is adapted to receive post-treatment B, which post-treatment B is preferably performed after process technology fabric treatment, such as washing, dyeing, steaming processes, etc., at which point to reduce the spirality given to the loop legs of the fabric. To do that. At this stage, it is possible to use the roll assembly 4a as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B and unfold the fabric in a plane substantially crossing in the reciprocating direction. On the other hand, this can also be done by providing a dry flame D while the pin chains are operated at speeds V ′ ″ which are not equal to each other.

In addition, in the embodiment with reference to FIG. 11, the fabric is treated according to pre-treatment A, including knitting or final processing techniques, which are perforated and tensioned, e.g., metal shafts. Wrapped on a socket 6 disposed thereon, the socket is made of metal, plastic or other heat-resistant material, which allows it to be stretched from the shaft xa after being wound. The roll of fabric 2c on the receptacle 6 may be wet treated under tension at high temperatures to stabilize the desired change to be achieved in pretreatment A. In this case, the hot wash liquid is induced in the pressure dyeing apparatus at a pressure by the pressure roll of the fabric roll 2c so that the changes made during the pretreatment A of the fabric remain essentially permanent, which means that the stress This is because the set of alterations achieved in the applied state breaks previously formed bonds and then forms new intermolecular bonds within the fabric structure.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described examples but may be provided in a wide range within the scope of the basic inventive concept. Above all, this is due to the fact that there are a large number of different organizing forms and techniques, in addition to the fact that the principles of the invention described above can be technically carried out in a wide variety of ways. Accordingly, the typical examples appended hereto illustrate only implementation and manipulation methods in connection with a solution which has practically significant advantages.

Claims (12)

A method of making and / or treating a fabric, In particular, in order to produce single jersey fabrics, derivatives thereof and the like, knitting is carried out with knitting machines such as circular, flatbed, straight bar, roof wheel devices, etc. The knitting machine consists of a continuous yarn, for example one or more kinks. One or more knitting elements (1), eg yarn feed elements and loop forming elements (1a), eg needles, sinkers, etc., which are cooperated to make a fabric by knitting from loose, S-, Z-twist yarns and / or similar yarns Wherein the knitting machine further comprises a method for manufacturing and / or processing the fabric with an apparatus comprising a winding element for receiving the produced fabric. By varying the number of twists, the length unit and / or the relative length of the loop legs causing the undulation, the spirality of the fabric obtained in the first stage A is eliminated, and preferably the final treatment or similar of the stage of the fabric During the operation, the fabric obtained in the second step B is subjected to at least one post treatment, the fabric is calibrated to reset the loop leg with respect to its wales and / or tiers, and the relative length of the loop leg Is changed to substantially the same length during the first step A. The process according to claim 1, wherein the fabric is processed using a knitting machine provided with a winding element (2) during or during a particular work process, wherein the winding element (2) is a winding assembly (2a) and / or a spreading assembly. (2b) stretches the knitted fabric to a storage assembly (2c), for example a winding roll, The number of twists, the length units and / or the relative lengths of the loop legs causing the buckling are changed at least partially under tension by pretreatment means including knitting techniques, and during the forming of the fabric ends Characterized in that it is carried out in step A or modified by pretreatment means including final processing techniques and as first step A during the pretreatment of the fabric stage. 3. Fabric according to claim 2, in the first stage pretreatment A1 'using the knitting technique, by adopting the winding element 2 to reciprocate at the front of the knitting element 1 or at the rear of the knitting element 1 Is stretched obliquely in the stretching direction s1 deviating from the basic stretching direction s0 perpendicular to the knitting plane, for example. 4. A fabric according to claim 2 or 3, wherein in the first stage pretreatment A1 " including knitting techniques, the fabric is fitted between the winding element 2 and the knitting element by pulling in the stretching direction s1 deviating from the basic stretching direction s0. Method in which the fabric is inclined by the action of the guide assembly (3), and in the process involving the final treatment technique A ″, the fabric is inclined by stretching its wales asymmetrically to one side only. 3. A first stage pretreatment (A '") comprising the final treatment technique, which is preferably prepared in advance prior to the air technique treatment such as washing, dyeing, steaming process or the like. A first stage pretreatment involving a fabric knitted with a circular device, in a Z-direction in a fabric knitted with S-twist yarn, respectively, by applying a spiral force to the ends of the tubular fibers under tension. Increasing the number of twists, length units of the contracted loop leg by pushing the ends in the S-direction in the fabric knitted with the Z-twist yarn. 6. The process according to claims 1 to 5, wherein in the second stage post-treatment B, the force is applied to the fabric finally fabricated before the cutting operation, and the force is applied to the wales or ends of the fabric in a position perpendicular to each other. Applied to unlevel the twist that causes the left loop leg of the S-twist yarn and the right loop leg of the Z-twist yarn to cause swelling. The fabric of claim 6, wherein the fabric is post-processed to reduce the number of twists, units of length included in the loop legs, preferably after treatment with a process technology fabric treatment, such as washing, dyeing, steaming, and the like. After treatment B is carried out and the fabric has been subjected to conventional processing techniques such as washing, dyeing and steaming processes, open knitted or tubular fabrics cut open in a unidirectional direction, for example, have substantially no peripheral velocities (V ′). V ″), which is driven into the drying assembly D and treated with the expansion device (4) by unfolding on one side in a plane intersected with the reciprocating direction of motion. An apparatus for making and / or processing fabrics, In order to produce a single jersey fabric, derivatives thereof and the like, knitting is carried out with a knitting machine such as circular, flat bed, straight bar, roof wheel device, etc., which is knitted by a continuous yarn, for example one or several One or more knitted elements 1, eg yarn feed elements and loop forming elements 1a, eg needles, sinkers, etc., which have been cooperated to make a fabric from untwisted, S-, Z-twist yarns and / or similar yarns Wherein the knitting machine further comprises a device for producing and / or processing the fabric with a device comprising a winding element 2 for receiving the resultant fabric, Afterwards, in order to eliminate the twist of the prefabricated fabric, the apparatus is applied in the first step A to modify the number of twists, the unit of length or the relative length of the loop leg causing the undulation on the one hand and on the other hand Is applied in a second step to post-treat the fabric produced during the final treatment of the stages of the fabric, preferably to calibrate the fabric in relation to its wales and / or stages to return the loop leg, the loop leg Is adapted to be modified in relation to their relative length to extend substantially the same length in relation to the relative length and / or in particular the leg causing the ridge during the first step (A) . 2. The process according to claim 1, which is carried out during a particular working process or while knitting the stage using a knitting machine provided with the winding element 2, the winding element 2 being wound assembly 2a and / or spreading assembly ( 2b) stretch the knitted fabric to a storage assembly 2c, for example a winding roll, By means of processing comprising the final processing technique, the number of twists, units of length and / or the relative length of the loop legs causing the pre-treatment by the pretreatment schemes A 'and / or A ″ including the knitting technique. In order to deform the fabric, the fabric is pretreated during forming the knitting end, for example, so that the fabric is asymmetrically stretched from the stretching direction s1 deviating from the basic stretching direction s0 substantially perpendicular to the knitting plane. Apparatus characterized in that the winding element (2) is adapted to be operated in such a way that it can be reciprocated in the front or rear with respect to the knitted element (1). 10. The knitting technique according to claim 8 or 9, in order to modify the number of twists, length units and / or relative lengths of loop legs that cause rounding by means of pretreatment A " In operation, the apparatus comprises at least a guiding device 3 operated between the knitting element 1 and the winding element 2 so that the stretching direction of the fabric is substantially different from the basic stretching direction s0. And to warp its wales by unfolding it laterally. The apparatus of claim 8, for example, in order to allow the knitted circular fabric to be pretreated, including the final treatment technique (A ′ ″), prior to processing the process technique such as washing, dyeing, steaming process, etc. Apparatus characterized in that a spiral is applied to the tubular end-shaped fabric under tension, including a spreader (5b1) or a guide surface device (5) adapted to fit the inner surface of the fabric. 12. The device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the device comprises one or more expansion assemblies (4), by which means an open knitted or tubular fabric cut open in the direction of the stages is post-processed. The post-treatment B is preferably operated after a process technology fabric treatment, for example a washing, a dry steaming process, is performed, so that the peripheral speed V'V ″, which is preferably not equal to each other, is preferably varied. By controlling by means of a drying assembly D operated by means, the spirality given to the loop leg of the fabric is reduced at this point by being guided by the roll assembly 4a unfolded in one direction in a plane intersecting the reciprocating direction. Device to allow.