KR19990080691A - Spray absorption tower - Google Patents
Spray absorption tower Download PDFInfo
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- KR19990080691A KR19990080691A KR1019980014107A KR19980014107A KR19990080691A KR 19990080691 A KR19990080691 A KR 19990080691A KR 1019980014107 A KR1019980014107 A KR 1019980014107A KR 19980014107 A KR19980014107 A KR 19980014107A KR 19990080691 A KR19990080691 A KR 19990080691A
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- absorption tower
- flue gas
- spray
- diffuser
- pipe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
- B01D53/185—Liquid distributors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
- B01D47/063—Spray cleaning with two or more jets impinging against each other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
화력발전소에서 배출되는 배연중에 포함되어 있는 이산화황을 효율적으로 제거하는 배연탈황용 분무식 흡수탑에 관한 것이다. 이 흡수탑은 덕트로부터 유입되는 배연을 흡수탑내로 유도하는 유입관과, 이 유입관과 연통되고 흡수탑의 상부에 수평으로 배열되며 아래쪽으로 배연이 흡수탑내로 빠져나올 수 있는 다수의 산기공이 형성된 산기관, 그리고 산기관과 적층구조를 이루며 흡수액을 흡수탑에 유입, 분배하는 흡수액 분사관, 흡수액분사관의 하방에 설치되어 흡수액을 분사하는 분사노즐을 구비한 구조이다. 산기관에서 나오는 배연이 분사노즐로부터 나오는 흡수액과 직접 기액접촉하여 배연의 이산화황을 흡수할 수 있도록 된 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention relates to a spray absorption tower for flue gas desulfurization that efficiently removes sulfur dioxide contained in flue gas discharged from a thermal power plant. The absorption tower has an inlet pipe for guiding flue gas from the duct into the absorption tower, and a plurality of acid pores in communication with the inlet pipe, arranged horizontally at the top of the absorption tower, and below which flue gas can escape into the absorption tower. Formed with the diffuser and the diffuser, the structure is provided with an absorbent liquid injection pipe for injecting and distributing the absorbent liquid into the absorption tower, and a spray nozzle which is installed under the absorbent liquid injection tube to spray the absorbent liquid. It is characterized in that the flue gas coming from the diffuser can absorb the sulfur dioxide of the flue gas by direct gas-liquid contact with the absorbing liquid from the injection nozzle.
Description
본 발명은 이산화황이 포함된 배연을 흡수탑 내로 유입함에 있어서 배연이 분무되는 흡수액과 직접적이면서 고르게 접촉하도록 한 분무식 흡수탑에 관한 것으로서 특히, 흡수탑 내에 배연노즐을 기존의 흡수액 분사노즐의 직하에 설치하여 기액접촉이 이루어지도록 한 분무식 흡수탑에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a spray absorption tower in which the flue gas containing sulfur dioxide is directly and evenly contacted with the absorbent liquid to which the flue gas is sprayed. The present invention relates to a spray absorption tower installed to allow gas-liquid contact.
일반적으로 배연에 포함된 이산화황을 수용액상태에서 석회석 슬러리와의 중화반응을 이용하여 이산화황을 석고상태로 제거하는 습식 배연탈황 장치는 배연이 직접 반응조내의 흡수액과 접촉하도록 한 버블식과, 흡수액를 유입되는 배연에 분무하여 기액 접촉하도록 하는 분무식이 있다.In general, a wet flue gas desulfurization apparatus that removes sulfur dioxide in a gypsum state by neutralizing the sulfur dioxide contained in the flue gas in an aqueous solution with a limestone slurry is a bubble type in which the flue gas is directly in contact with the absorbent liquid in the reactor, and the absorbent liquid is introduced into the flue gas inlet. There is a spraying system for spraying to make gas-liquid contact.
그러나 이러한 통상의 배연탈황장치는 분무식의 경우 공정이 단순하고 흡수탑 내에서의 압력저항이 적으나 기체의 흐름속에 흡수액을 분사하기 때문에 이산화황의 흡수율에 한계가 있으며, 흡수율을 높히기 위해 접촉공간을 크게 하고 분사노즐을 다단으로 하거나 분사노즐하부에 트레이를 부가로 설치해야 하는 등의 이유로 장치가 다른 흡수탑에 비해 크며, 버블식의 경우 배연이 직접 반응조로 들어가기 때문에 이산화황의 흡수율과 흡수액의 이용율은 높으나 지속적으로 배연에 압력을 가해야 하는 문제점이 있다.However, such a conventional flue gas desulfurization apparatus has a simple process and a small pressure resistance in the absorption tower in the case of a spray type, but the absorption rate of sulfur dioxide is limited because it sprays an absorbent liquid into the gas stream. The device is larger than other absorption towers, for example, to increase the size of the injection nozzle and to install a tray at the bottom of the injection nozzle.In the case of the bubble type, since the flue gas flows directly into the reaction tank, the absorption rate of sulfur dioxide and the utilization rate of the absorption liquid are High, but there is a problem that must constantly pressurize the flue gas.
도1은 통상의 배연탈황용 분무식 흡수탑을 나타낸 것으로서, 이 장치에 있어서는 이산화황을 함유한 배연이 덕트를 통해 흡수탑(10)내부에 유입되고 분사 노즐(28)로부터 분사되는 흡수액과 기액접촉하여 이산화황이 흡수제거되며 배연은 분무제거기(15)를 거쳐 배출구(14)로 빠져나가는 구조로 되어있다. 한편, 이산화황을 아황산이온 형태로 흡수한 흡수액은 흡수탑(10)의 하부로 낙하하여 산화공기 유입관(12)로부터 유입되는 산화공기에 의해 아황산이온이 황산이온으로 산화된다. 이 황산이온은 석회석 슬러리유입관(16)을 통해 들어오는 석회석 슬러리와 중화반응을 일으키면서 석고를 생성한다. 이 중화반응을 촉진하기 위하여 혼합휀(13)을 설치하며 생성된 석고는 워터펌프(22)에 의해 선별배출기(23)을 거쳐 석고배출관(24)으로 배출되며 석고가 제거된 흡수액은 다시 흡수액 순환관(25)을 거쳐 분사노즐(28)로 순환분사된다.1 shows a conventional spray absorption tower for flue gas desulfurization, in which the flue gas containing sulfur dioxide flows into the absorption tower 10 through a duct and is in contact with the liquid-absorbing liquid sprayed from the injection nozzle 28. Sulfur dioxide is absorbed and removed, and the flue gas is discharged to the outlet 14 through the spray remover 15. On the other hand, the absorbent liquid absorbing sulfur dioxide in the form of sulfite ions falls to the lower portion of the absorption tower 10 and the sulfite ions are oxidized to sulfate ions by the oxidized air introduced from the oxidizing air inlet pipe 12. The sulfate ion neutralizes the limestone slurry coming through the limestone slurry inlet tube 16 to produce gypsum. In order to promote this neutralization reaction, the mixing gypsum 13 is installed and the gypsum produced is discharged to the gypsum discharge pipe 24 by the water pump 22 through the sorting discharger 23, and the absorbent liquid from which the gypsum is removed is circulated again. Circulated injection through the pipe 25 to the injection nozzle (28).
상기와 같은 분무식 흡수탑은 이미 언급한 바와 같이 유입되는 배연의 흐름속에 흡수액이 분사되기 때문에 배연에 포함된 이산화황이 충분히 제거되기 위해서는 흡수탑(10)내에서의 배연의 체류시간을 길게 하거나 흡수액과의 접촉공간을 크게해야 한다. 배연의 체류시간을 길게 하기 위해서는 흡수탑(10)의 부피를 크게해야 하며 도1과 같이 분사관(27)을 다단으로 구성하거나 분사노즐(28)하단에 트레이(도1에 도시하지않음)를 설치한다. 이와같은 이유로 통상의 분무식 흡수탑은 부피가 커지는 단점이 있다.As mentioned above, since the absorption liquid is sprayed into the flow of flue gas introduced as mentioned above, in order to sufficiently remove sulfur dioxide included in the flue gas, the residence time of the flue gas in the absorption tower 10 is increased or the absorption liquid is absorbed. Make contact space with In order to increase the residence time of the flue gas, the absorption tower 10 should be made large in volume, and as shown in FIG. 1, the injection pipe 27 may be configured in multiple stages, or a tray (not shown in FIG. 1) may be provided below the injection nozzle 28. Install. For this reason, conventional spray absorption towers have the disadvantage of being bulky.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 다음과 같은 목적을 가진다.The present invention is to solve the above problems, has the following object.
첫째, 종래의 분무식 흡수탑이 가지는 구성을 최소한으로 변형하여 배연 탈황이 가능하도록 개량된 분무식 흡수탑을 제공하는 데 있다.First, to provide a spray-absorbing tower that is improved to minimize the configuration of the conventional spray-absorbing tower has a flue gas desulfurization.
둘째, 배연과 흡수액이 효율적으로 기액접촉하도록 하는 분무식 흡수탑을 제공하는 데 있다.Second, it is to provide a spray absorption tower to make the flue gas and absorbent liquid in efficient gas-liquid contact.
셋째, 상기 종래의 흡수탑보다도 그 부피가 대폭 감소된 분무식 흡수탑을 제공하는 데 있다.Third, the present invention provides a spray absorption tower having a significantly reduced volume than the conventional absorption tower.
도 1 은 종래 분무식 흡수탑을 나타낸 단면구성도1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional spray absorption tower
도 2 는 본 발명의 분무식 흡수탑을 나타낸 단면구성도Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a spray absorption tower of the present invention
도 3 은 본 발명의 요부구성을 나타낸 횡단면도3 is a cross-sectional view showing the main components of the present invention.
도 4 는 본 발명의 요부구성을 나타낸 종단면도이다4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the main components of the present invention.
< 도면의 주요부호에 대한 설명 ><Description of Major Symbols in Drawing>
10: 흡수탑 11: 유입관 12: 산화공기유입관10: absorption tower 11: inlet pipe 12: oxidizing air inlet pipe
13: 혼합휀 14: 배출구 15: 분무제거기13: Mixing 14: outlet 15: sprayer
16: 슬러리유입관 17: 반응조 21: 흡수액유출관16: slurry inlet tube 17: reactor 21: absorbent liquid outlet tube
22: 워터펌프 23: 선별배출기 24: 석고배출관22: water pump 23: screening discharger 24: gypsum discharge pipe
25: 흡수액순환관 26: 분사주관 27: 분사관25: absorbent liquid circulation pipe 26: injection pipe 27: injection pipe
28: 분사노즐 31: 산기주관 32: 산기관28: injection nozzle 31: air diffuser 32: diffuser
33: 산기공33: Sangong
상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명 분무식 흡수탑은 덕트로부터 유입되는 배연을 흡수탑내로 유도하는 유도파이프(11)과 ;Spray absorption tower of the present invention for achieving the above object is an induction pipe (11) for inducing flue gas from the duct into the absorption tower;
상기 유입관(11), 산기주관(31)과 연통되며 아래쪽으로 배연이 흡수탑내로 분출될 수 있도록 다수의 산기공(33)이 형성된 산기관(32)과 ;A diffuser tube 32 in communication with the inlet pipe 11 and the diffuser main pipe 31 and having a plurality of diffuser holes 33 formed thereon so that flue gas is ejected into the absorption tower;
상기 산기관(32)과 교호로 적층되며 분사하는 흡수액 분사관(27)과 ;An absorbent liquid injection tube 27 that is alternately stacked with the diffuser 32 and sprays the injection;
상기 흡수액 분사관(27)의 아래쪽으로 흡수액을 분사하는 다수의 분사노즐(28)로 이루어 지며,It consists of a plurality of injection nozzles 28 for injecting the absorbent liquid to the lower side of the absorbent liquid injection pipe 27,
산기관(32)에서 나오는 배연이 분사노즐(28)로부터 나오는 흡수액과 곧바로 기액접촉하여 배연의 이산화황을 흡수할 수 있도록 된 것을 특징으로 한다.It is characterized in that the flue gas emitted from the diffuser 32 is able to absorb sulfur dioxide of the flue gas in direct gas-liquid contact with the absorbing liquid emitted from the injection nozzle 28.
상기 산기관(32)과 흡수액분사관(27)은 각각 2단 이상으로 적층시키는 것이 바람직하다.The diffuser 32 and the absorbent liquid injection pipe 27 are preferably laminated in two or more stages.
도2, 도3 및 도4에 도시한 바와 같이 본 발명의 분무식 흡수탑은 흡수탑(1)과 덕트로부터 배연를 흡수탑내로 유입, 분배하는 산기주관(31) 및 산기관(32)과, 흡수액을 분사노즐(28)을 통해 흡수탑내로 분사하기 위한 흡수액 분사관(27), 흡수액분사관(27)으로 흡수액을 공급하는 워터펌프(32)를 구비한다.As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the spray type absorption tower of the present invention includes an air diffuser main pipe 31 and an air diffuser 32 for introducing and distributing flue gas from the absorption tower 1 and the duct into the absorption tower; An absorption liquid injection tube 27 for injecting the absorption liquid into the absorption tower through the injection nozzle 28 and a water pump 32 for supplying the absorption liquid to the absorption liquid injection tube 27 are provided.
상기 흡수탑은 산화 및 중화반응이 일어나는 반응조(17), 반응조(17)내로 산화공기를 주입하기위한 산화공기유입관(12), 산화 및 환원반응을 촉진하기 위한 혼합휀(13), 생성된 석고를 추출하기 위한 흡수액유출관(21), 석회석 슬러리를 투입하기 위한 슬러리유입관(16) 및 분무제거기(15)를 포함한다.The absorption tower is a reaction tank 17 in which oxidation and neutralization reactions occur, an oxidation air inlet pipe 12 for injecting oxidation air into the reaction tank 17, a mixture 휀 13 for promoting oxidation and reduction reactions, and An absorbent liquid outflow tube 21 for extracting gypsum, a slurry inflow tube 16 for injecting limestone slurry, and a spray remover 15 are included.
상기 흡수액유출관(21)으로부터 추출되는 슬러리로부터 수분을 제거하고 석고를 회수하기 위한 선별배출기(23)를 부가적으로 구비한다.A separator discharger 23 is additionally provided to remove moisture from the slurry extracted from the absorbent liquid outlet pipe 21 and recover gypsum.
이러한 분무식 흡수탑는 다음과 같이 운전된다.This spray absorption tower is operated as follows.
도2는 본 발명에 의한 배연탈황용 분무식 흡수탑을 나타낸 것으로서, 이산화황을 함유한 배연이 덕트를 거쳐 배연유도관(11)과 산기관(32)을 통하여 흡수탑 내부로 유입되며 산기관(32)하단에 다수로 형성된 산기공(33)을 통하여 흡수탑(10)내로 수평상으로 고르게 분출되어 도4에 나타낸 화살표방향으로 상승한다. 이 배연은 도3 및 도4에 나타낸 바와 같이 상, 하의 산기관(32) 사이사이의 직상방에서 산기관(32)과 평행으로 배치된 흡수액 분사관(27)의 분사 노즐(28)로부터 분사되는 흡수액과 기액접촉하여 이산화황이 아황산이온의 형태로 흡수액에 흡수되며 이산화황이 제거된 배연은 분무제거기(15)를 거쳐 덕트로 빠져나간다. 한편 이산화황을 흡수한 흡수액은 반응조(17)로 낙하하여 산화공기 유입관(12)로부터 유입되는 산화공기에 의해 흡수된 이산화황이 아황산이온에서 황산이온으로 산화되어 황산용액으로 된다. 이 황산용액은 석회석 슬러리유입(16)를 통해 들어오는 석회석 슬러리와 중화반응을 일으키면서 석고를 생성한다. 이 중화반응을 촉진하기 위하여 반응조내에 혼합휀(13)을 설치하며 생성된 석고는 워터펌프(22)와 선별배출기(23)를(23)을 거쳐 배출되며 흡수액은 다시 흡수액 순환관(25)을 거쳐 분사노즐(28)에서 순환분사된다.Figure 2 shows a spray absorption tower for flue gas desulfurization according to the present invention, the flue gas containing sulfur dioxide is introduced into the absorption tower through the flue gas induction pipe 11 and the diffuser 32 through the duct and the diffuser ( 32) Evenly sprayed horizontally into the absorption tower 10 through the plurality of acid pores 33 formed at the bottom to rise in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. This flue gas is injected from the injection nozzle 28 of the absorption liquid injection pipe 27 arrange | positioned in parallel with the diffuser 32 in the upper and lower part between the diffuser 32 as shown in FIG.3 and FIG.4. Sulfur dioxide is absorbed into the absorbent liquid in the form of sulfite ions by gas-liquid contact with the absorbent liquid, and the flue gas from which sulfur dioxide is removed passes through the spray remover 15 to the duct. On the other hand, the absorbing liquid absorbing sulfur dioxide falls into the reaction tank 17, and the sulfur dioxide absorbed by the oxidizing air flowing from the oxidizing air inflow pipe 12 is oxidized from sulfite ions to sulfate ions to form a sulfuric acid solution. This sulfuric acid solution neutralizes the limestone slurry coming in through the limestone slurry inlet 16 to produce gypsum. The mixing gypsum 13 is installed in the reaction tank in order to promote the neutralization reaction, and the generated gypsum is discharged through the water pump 22 and the sorting discharger 23, and the absorbent liquid is passed through the absorbent liquid circulation pipe 25 again. Through the injection nozzle 28 is circulated injection.
따라서 본 발명에 의한 분무식 흡수탑은 배연이 흡수탑(1)내에서 고르게 분배되고 분사되는 흡수액과 신속하고 효율적으로 접촉하게 된다.Therefore, the spray absorption tower according to the present invention is in contact with the absorption liquid sprayed evenly distributed and sprayed in the absorption tower (1) quickly and efficiently.
상술한 바와 같은 분무식 흡수탑은 다음과 같은 장점을 가진다.Spray absorption tower as described above has the following advantages.
첫째, 배연과 흡수액이 신속하고 고르게 접촉하므로 이산화황의 제거효율이 높아진다.First, the removal efficiency of sulfur dioxide is increased because the flue gas and absorbent liquid contact quickly and evenly.
둘째, 기액접촉이 단시간에 협소한 접촉공간에서도 효과적으로 이루어지므로 흡수탑의 크기가 대폭 감소된다.Second, since the gas-liquid contact is effectively performed even in a narrow contact space in a short time, the size of the absorption tower is greatly reduced.
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