KR19990051624A - Diffusion Bonding Method of Mild Steel and Stainless Steel - Google Patents
Diffusion Bonding Method of Mild Steel and Stainless Steel Download PDFInfo
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- KR19990051624A KR19990051624A KR1019970070981A KR19970070981A KR19990051624A KR 19990051624 A KR19990051624 A KR 19990051624A KR 1019970070981 A KR1019970070981 A KR 1019970070981A KR 19970070981 A KR19970070981 A KR 19970070981A KR 19990051624 A KR19990051624 A KR 19990051624A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
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- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 연강과 스테인레스강의 접합시에 최소의 접합조건에서 접합이 이루어질 수 있도록 함으로써 경제성을 향상시킬 수 있는 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법을 제공하는 데 그 목적이 있다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel, which can improve economic efficiency by allowing the bonding to be performed at the minimum bonding conditions when joining mild steel and stainless steel.
본 발명에 따르면, 접합시킬 표면의 초기접합계면을 형성할 수 있는 최소압력만을 가한 후 접합온도와 접합시간에 따른 금속원자의 확산과 크립변형에 의해 접합이 이루어지는 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법에 있어서, 스테인레스강(1)과 연강(2)의 접합면을 각각 0.6㎛로 연마하고 세정하는 연마세정단계(S1)와, 상기 연마세정단계(S1)에서 각각 연마세정된 상기 스테인레스강(1)과 상기 연강(2)의 접합면들이 외부로 노출되지 않도록 접합계면 주위를 용접하는 용접단계(S2)와, 상기 용접단계(S2)에서 결합된 상기 스테인레스강(1)과 상기 연강(2)을 가압하여 접합하는 접합단계(S3)를 포함하며, 상기 스테인레스강(1)과 상기 연강(2)의 접합이 이루어질 수 있는 최소조건은 800℃의 접합온도에서 1㎏/㎜2의 접합압력으로 30분 동안의 접합시간을 유지해야 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법이 제공된다.According to the present invention, in the diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel in which the bonding is performed by diffusion and creep deformation of metal atoms according to the joining temperature and the joining time after applying only the minimum pressure that can form the initial joining interface of the surface to be joined. A polishing cleaning step (S1) for polishing and cleaning the joining surfaces of the stainless steel (1) and the mild steel (2) to 0.6 µm, respectively, and the stainless steel (1), which has been polished and cleaned in the polishing cleaning step (S1), respectively. Welding step (S2) for welding around the joint interface so that the joint surfaces of the mild steel (2) is not exposed to the outside, and pressurizing the stainless steel (1) and the mild steel (2) coupled in the welding step (S2) Bonding step (S3) to be bonded by, the minimum conditions that can be made of the stainless steel (1) and the mild steel (2) can be made at a bonding pressure of 1kg / mm 2 at a bonding temperature of 800 ℃ 30 minutes To maintain the junction time Diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel is provided.
Description
본 발명은 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법에 관한 것이며, 특히, 항공산업, 원자력 발전소의 압력용기 등에 많이 사용될 수 있도록 연강과 스테인레스강을 접합시켜 이종금속접합강을 제작하는 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel, and in particular, to join a mild steel and stainless steel to be used in aerospace, pressure vessels of nuclear power plants, etc. to produce a dissimilar metal joint steel, the diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel It is about.
현대공업의 급속한 발전에 따라 이에 필요한 재료도 많은 발전을 하였고 재료의 종류도 다양해져서 적당한 재료의 선택이 문제가 될 뿐만 아니라 이에 부응할 수 있는 여러 가지 성질들의 재료개발이 필요하게 되었다. 예를 들어, 강도와 연성을 동시에 갖으면서도 무게가 가벼운 재료, 또는 내열성, 전열성 등 기계적·물리적 성질의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있는 신소재가 절실히 요구되고 있는 실정이다. 이런 요구에 따라 이종금속을 서로 결합시켜 각각의 재료가 갖는 장점, 즉, 가공성을 향상시키고 경량화시킬 수 있으며 제조단가를 줄일 수 있는 등의 장점을 동시에 갖는 재료를 제작하기 위한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 이렇게 이종금속을 접합하기 위한 방법에 있어서, 확산접합은 모재의 고상선(solidus line)이하의 온도에서 적절한 압력을 가하여 두 재료를 접합시키는 일종의 고상상태접합으로서 접합시키고자하는 두 재료를 직접 접합시키는 방법과 접합계면간에 삽입금속을 삽입시켜 접합시키는 방법 등이 있으며, 본 발명에서는 두 재료를 직접 접합시키는 방법에 관한 것이다.Due to the rapid development of modern industry, the materials required for this development have been developed a lot, and the types of materials have been diversified, so that not only the selection of suitable materials is a problem but also the development of materials with various properties that can respond. For example, there is an urgent need for a material having both strength and ductility, and a lightweight material or a new material capable of improving the performance of mechanical and physical properties such as heat resistance and heat resistance. In accordance with these requirements, research is being conducted to produce materials having the advantages of combining the different metals with each other, that is, having the advantages of improving the workability and weight, and reducing the manufacturing cost. In this method for joining dissimilar metals, diffusion bonding is a kind of solid state bonding in which two materials are joined by applying an appropriate pressure at a temperature below the solidus line of the base material, thereby directly joining two materials to be joined. And a method of inserting and inserting an insertion metal between a joining interface and the like, and the present invention relates to a method of directly joining two materials.
이런 확산접합은 고상상태접합 중에서도 접합시 두 금속의 변형을 최소화하여 접합 후 재가공의 공정을 절감할 수 있다는 장점을 갖는 접합방법으로 단지 접합시킬 표면의 초기접합계면을 형성할 수 있는 최소압력만을 가한 후 접합온도와 접합시간에 따른 금속원자의 확산과 크립변형에 의해 접합이 이루어진다. 따라서, 동일 접합조건에서는 표면거칠기가 미세할수록 접합면적이 증가하게 되므로 접합강도는 증가하게 된다.This diffusion bonding is a joining method that has the advantage of minimizing the deformation of the two metals during joining, thus reducing the process of reworking after joining, while applying only the minimum pressure to form the initial joining interface of the surface to be joined. After that, the bonding is performed by creep deformation and diffusion of metal atoms according to the bonding temperature and the bonding time. Therefore, in the same bonding conditions, the finer the surface roughness, the greater the bonding area, and thus the bonding strength increases.
이런 확산접합의 접합성능에 영향을 미치는 주요인자는 표면거칠기, 접합온도, 접합시간, 접합압력 등이 있으며, 특히, 접합온도와 접합압력 및 표면거칠기가 접합성질에 가장 큰 영향을 미친다.The main factors affecting the bonding performance of such diffusion bonding are surface roughness, bonding temperature, bonding time, and bonding pressure. In particular, the bonding temperature, the bonding pressure, and the surface roughness have the greatest influence on the bonding properties.
본 발명은 연강과 스테인레스강의 접합시에 최소의 접합조건에서 접합이 이루어질 수 있도록 함으로써 경제성을 향상시킬 수 있는 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법을 제공하는 데 그 목적이 있다.It is an object of the present invention to provide a diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel, which can improve economic efficiency by allowing the bonding to be performed at the minimum bonding conditions when joining mild steel and stainless steel.
도 1은 본 발명의 한 실시예에 따른 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이고,1 is a flowchart illustrating a diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel according to an embodiment of the present invention,
도 2는 도 1에 도시된 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법을 수행하기 위해 사용되는 시험편을 도시한 사시도이고,Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a test piece used to perform the diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel shown in Figure 1,
도 3은 도 1의 방법에 의해 제작된 이종금속접합강의 표면거칠기와 접합강도의 관계를 도시한 그래프이며,3 is a graph showing the relationship between the surface roughness and the bonding strength of the dissimilar metal bonded steel produced by the method of FIG.
도 4는 도 1의 방법에 의해 제작된 이종금속접합강의 접합온도와 접합강도의 관계를 도시한 그래프.4 is a graph showing the relationship between the joining temperature and the bonding strength of the dissimilar metal bonded steel produced by the method of FIG.
♠ 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ♠♠ Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawing ♠
1 : 스테인레스강 2 : 연강1: stainless steel 2: mild steel
3 : 용접부 S1 : 연마세정단계3: welding part S1: polishing and cleaning step
S2 : 용접단계 S3 : 접합단계S2: welding step S3: bonding step
앞서 설명한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따르면, 접합시킬 표면의 초기접합계면을 형성할 수 있는 최소압력만을 가한 후 접합온도와 접합시간에 따른 금속원자의 확산과 크립변형에 의해 접합이 이루어지는 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법에 있어서, 스테인레스강과 연강의 접합면을 각각 0.6㎛로 연마하고 세정하는 연마세정단계와, 상기 연마세정단계에서 각각 연마세정된 상기 스테인레스강과 상기 연강의 접합면들이 외부로 노출되지 않도록 접합계면 주위를 용접하는 용접단계와, 상기 용접단계에서 결합된 상기 스테인레스강과 상기 연강을 가압하여 접합하는 접합단계를 포함하며, 상기 스테인레스강과 상기 연강의 접합이 이루어질 수 있는 최소조건은 800℃의 접합온도에서 1㎏/㎜2의 접합압력으로 30분 동안의 접합시간을 유지해야 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법이 제공된다.According to the present invention for achieving the object as described above, the joining is made by the diffusion and creep deformation of the metal atoms according to the joining temperature and the joining time after applying only the minimum pressure that can form the initial joining interface of the surface to be joined. In the diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel, a polishing cleaning step of polishing and cleaning the joining surfaces of stainless steel and mild steel to 0.6 占 퐉, and the joining surfaces of the stainless steel and the mild steel polished and polished in the polishing cleaning step to the outside And a welding step of welding the stainless steel and the mild steel joined in the welding step, the welding step of welding around the joint interface so as not to be exposed, and the minimum condition that can be joined to the stainless steel and the mild steel is 800 Bonding time for 30 minutes at a joining pressure of 1㎏ / ㎜ 2 at the joining temperature of ℃ Provided is a diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel, characterized in that it must be maintained.
아래에서, 본 발명에 따른 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법의 양호한 실시예를 첨부한 도면을 참조로 하여 상세히 설명하겠다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel according to the present invention will be described in detail.
도면에서, 도 1은 본 발명의 한 실시예에 따른 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법을 설명하기 위한 흐름도이고, 도 2는 도 1에 도시된 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법을 수행하기 위해 사용되는 시험편을 도시한 사시도이고, 도 3은 도 1의 방법에 의해 제작된 이종금속접합강의 표면거칠기와 접합강도의 관계를 도시한 그래프이며, 도 4는 도 1의 방법에 의해 제작된 이종금속접합강의 접합온도와 접합강도의 관계를 도시한 그래프이다.1 is a flowchart illustrating a diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a test piece used to perform the diffusion bonding method of mild steel and stainless steel shown in FIG. Figure 3 is a perspective view, Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the surface roughness and the bonding strength of the dissimilar metal joint steel produced by the method of Figure 1, Figure 4 is a joint of the dissimilar metal joint steel produced by the method of Figure 1 It is a graph showing the relationship between temperature and bonding strength.
도 1 및 도 2를 참조로 하여, 연강(mild steel)과 스테인레스강(stainless steel)을 접합시켜 이종금속접합강을 제조하는 확산접합방법을 설명하겠다.Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a diffusion bonding method of manufacturing a dissimilar metal bonded steel by bonding a mild steel and a stainless steel will be described.
먼저, C 0.07 wt%, Si 0.55, Mn 1.09, P 0.029, S 0.009, Ni 8.49, Cr 18.29 및 그 나머지는 Fe가 함유되어 있으며 직경과 길이가 각각 25mm인 스테인레스강(1)과, C 0.18 wt%, Si 0.01, Mn 0.49, P 0.013, S 0.008, Al 0.041 및 그 나머지는 Fe가 함유되어 있으며 직경과 길이가 각각 25mm인 연강(2)을 준비한다. 이렇게 연강(2)과 스테인레스강(1)이 준비되면, 접합시킬 표면을 여러 종류의 표면거칠기를 갖도록 폴리싱(polishing)하고 아세톤으로 탈지하여 표면을 아주 청정한 상태로 유지하는 연마세정단계(S1)를 수행한다.First, C 0.07 wt%, Si 0.55, Mn 1.09, P 0.029, S 0.009, Ni 8.49, Cr 18.29 and the rest contain Fe, stainless steel (1) having a diameter and length of 25 mm each, and C 0.18 wt %, Si 0.01, Mn 0.49, P 0.013, S 0.008, Al 0.041 and the remainder are Fe, and mild steel 2 having a diameter and a length of 25 mm are prepared. When mild steel (2) and stainless steel (1) are prepared in this way, polishing and polishing (S1) to polish the surface to be bonded to have several kinds of surface roughness and degreasing with acetone to keep the surface in a very clean state (S1) Perform.
그런 다음, 연강(2)을 하면에 위치하고 그 상부면에 스테인레스강(1)을 배치한 다음, 접합계면 주위를 미그(MIG) 또는 티그(TIG)용접법으로 완전히 밀폐시켜 외부와의 공기흐름을 차단시켜서 용접부(3)를 형성하는 용접단계(S2)를 수행한다.Then, the mild steel (2) is placed on the lower surface and the stainless steel (1) is placed on the upper surface thereof, and then the air flow to the outside is sealed by completely sealing the MIG or TIG welding around the joint interface. To perform a welding step (S2) to form a weld (3).
이렇게 연강(2)과 스테인레스강(1)의 접합표면이 용접에 의해 완전히 밀폐되면, 이것을 노(furnace)내에 배치하고 유압프레스기를 사용하여 접합하는 접합단계(S3)를 실시하게 된다.When the joining surface of the mild steel 2 and the stainless steel 1 is completely sealed by welding, the joining step S3 is performed in which it is placed in a furnace and joined using a hydraulic press.
앞서 설명한 바와 같은 과정에 의해 접합된 이종금속접합강을 실험한 결과치가 도 3 및 도 4에 도시되어 있다.Experimental results of the dissimilar metal bonded steel bonded by the process described above are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
도 3은 여러 종류의 표면거칠기를 갖는 이종금속접합강을 접합온도 900℃, 접합압력 1㎏/㎜2에서 30분 동안의 접합시간을 유지한 후에 표면거칠기와 접합강도의 관계를 나타낸 것으로서, 표면거칠기가 미세할수록 접합강도가 증가된다는 것을 알 수 있다.FIG. 3 shows the relationship between surface roughness and bonding strength after maintaining a bonding time of dissimilar metal bonded steel having various types of surface roughness for 30 minutes at a bonding temperature of 900 ° C. and a bonding pressure of 1 kg / mm 2 . It can be seen that as the roughness increases, the bonding strength increases.
또한, 도 4는 표면거칠기가 0.6㎛인 이종금속접합강을 접합압력 1㎏/㎜2에서 30분 동안의 접합시간을 유지하면서 접합온도와 접합강도의 관계를 나타낸 것으로서, 접합온도가 증가할수록 접합강도가 증가된다는 것을 알 수 있다. 또한, 연강(2)과 스테인레스강(1)을 접합시키기 위한 최소온도는 800℃이며, 그 이하의 온도에서는 상기 연강(2)과 스테인레스강(1)은 접합되지 않는다는 것을 알 수 있다.In addition, Figure 4 shows the relationship between the bonding temperature and the bonding strength of the dissimilar metal bonded steel having a surface roughness of 0.6㎛ for 30 minutes at the bonding pressure of 1kg / ㎜ 2 , as the bonding temperature increases It can be seen that the strength is increased. In addition, it can be seen that the minimum temperature for joining the mild steel 2 and the stainless steel 1 is 800 ° C, and the mild steel 2 and the stainless steel 1 are not joined at a temperature below that.
앞서 상세히 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명의 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법에 의해 제작된 이종금속접합강은 최소의 접합조건에서 접합이 이루어질 수 있으므로 이로 인해 비용절감 효과가 매우 우수하다.As described in detail above, the dissimilar metal bonded steel produced by the diffusion bonding method of the mild steel and the stainless steel of the present invention may be bonded at the minimum bonding conditions, and thus the cost reduction effect is very excellent.
이상에서 본 발명의 연강과 스테인레스강의 확산접합방법에 대한 기술사상을 첨부도면과 함께 서술하였지만 이는 본 발명의 가장 양호한 실시예를 예시적으로 설명한 것이지 본 발명을 한정하는 것은 아니다. 또한, 이 기술분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자이면 누구나 본 발명의 기술사상의 범주를 이탈하지 않는 범위내에서 다양한 변형 및 모방이 가능함은 명백한 사실이다.In the above description, the technical idea of the diffusion bonding method of the mild steel and the stainless steel of the present invention has been described together with the accompanying drawings, but the exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of example and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, it is obvious that any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and imitations without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
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| KR1019970070981A KR100262212B1 (en) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Method of diffusion bonding in mild steel and stainless steel |
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| KR20160042818A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2016-04-20 | 닛신 세이코 가부시키가이샤 | Process for producing stainless steel diffusion-joined product |
| US10112255B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2018-10-30 | Korea Institute Of Energy Research | Plate bonding method and plate assembly |
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| KR870001892B1 (en) * | 1984-08-03 | 1987-10-21 | Iljin Co Ltd | Roll welding method of sheets |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR20160042818A (en) * | 2013-05-15 | 2016-04-20 | 닛신 세이코 가부시키가이샤 | Process for producing stainless steel diffusion-joined product |
| US10112255B2 (en) | 2014-06-17 | 2018-10-30 | Korea Institute Of Energy Research | Plate bonding method and plate assembly |
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