KR19990038484A - Fume filter of automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

[Technical Field]

Filtration device to collect particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of automobile.

[Technical challenge you are trying to solve]

Conventional ceramic microporous filtration plate is incompletely burned carbon monoxide particles attached to the micro-pores circumferential wall easily closes the micro-pores to decrease the filtration function, the soot accumulation increases, the back pressure increases and the thermal stress generated during the regeneration process The catalyst oxidation filtration filter has a disadvantage in that it is easy to break, and the catalyst oxidation filtration filter increases its temperature by the heat generated during the regeneration of hydrocarbons. If the oxidation rate is higher than this, the accumulation of soot occurs, and if the soot is overaccumulated, there is a disadvantage in that a lot of heat is generated and eventually leads to breakage.

The present invention solves this problem.

[Summary of solution]

A plurality of collecting cells consisting of lower, lower perforated plate, upper, lower silica cloth, and ceramic balls are stacked in the central casing, and exhaust gas is passed from top to bottom or from top to bottom of each collection cell in which the exhaust gas is stacked. Since the filtration process corresponds to the filtration process, the filtration efficiency of particulate matter in the exhaust gas is increased, and it is filtered while being dispersed through the entire area of the collection cell. .

[Important Uses of the Invention]

Soot filtration of automobile

Description

Fume filter of automobile

The present invention relates to a soot filtration device for the soot aftertreatment of an automobile, and more particularly, to an apparatus for filtering soot of an automobile for collecting particulate matter contained in exhaust gas discharged from a diesel vehicle.

In general, exhaust gases emitted from automobiles include carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), particulate matter and toxic compounds.

In order to reduce these harmful substances, in gasoline automobiles, catalysts are attached and CO, HC, which are pollutants emitted from the engine, are filtered with water and carbon dioxide, and NOx with nitrogen and oxygen.

In addition, in diesel cars, intake resistance is reduced by changing the intake multi-board and shape, improving the intake hole, and changing the valve opening / closing time, so as to secure sufficient air for combustion and inhaling air into the cylinder. Vortex flows to promote mixing with the fuel to provide good combustion conditions. Also, by controlling the injection timing, injection amount, injection pressure, degree of atomization, distribution of fuel particles, etc. of the fuel injection device, Reduced.

However, because each engine has different displacements, compression ratios, shapes of combustion chambers, valve opening and closing times, fuel injection timings, and combustion injection amounts, it is difficult to control the combustion state due to the characteristics of diesel engines ignited by self-ignition. Therefore, it is very difficult to simultaneously reduce NOx and particulate matter.

In view of these problems, the porous wall filter is installed between the exhaust pipe and the silencer to pass the sulfite gas and soot gas contained in the exhaust gas through the micropores of the filter plate. However, the micropores thus formed are dense in composition and are difficult to produce, and are not available in Korea, so they are not dependent on imports. Easily attached to the main wall to close the micro-pores to reduce the filtration function, such a soot accumulation phenomenon has a back pressure increase and the breakage is easy due to the thermal stress generated during the regeneration process.

In addition, a catalytic filter filtration filter (Catalytic Trap Oxidizer) in which a ceramic filter or a stainless steel wire is coated with a ceramic and then treated with a noble metal catalyst is used.

It is a filter that regenerates by filtering and oxidizing particulate matter in exhaust gas, and the smoke is burned because the temperature is increased by the heat generated during the hydrocarbon regeneration process.

Therefore, the soot does not accumulate much in the filter, so the increase in back pressure is low.However, if the soot generation rate is higher than the oxidation rate, soot builds up, and if soot accumulates, heat is generated, leading to breakage. There was this.

In view of the above problems, the present invention improves the trapping efficiency of particulate matter contained in exhaust gas, and minimizes the pressure drop between the inlet and outlet when exhaust gas is discharged, thereby suppressing the back pressure rise, It is to prevent the breakage of the filter caused by the increase of the back pressure and the thermal stress generated during the regeneration process, and to standardize and filter the filter according to the capacity of the flowing exhaust gas.

1 is a partial perspective reference view of the present invention device,

2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the device of the present invention;

3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of portion “A” of FIG. 2;

4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view "B" of FIG.

5 is another embodiment of the device of the present invention,

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line “C” of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion “D” of FIG. 5. FIG.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

1. Central casing 2, 3. Intake and exhaust pipe casing

6. Filtration base 10. Hole

11. 12. Upper and lower perforated plate 13, 14. Upper and lower silica cloth

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

A filter main body 6 having integrally formed suction and exhaust pipe casings 2 and 3 at the front and rear of the central casing 1 is installed between the exhaust manifold and the muffler of the engine and included in the exhaust gas exhausted. In an automobile soot filtration apparatus for collecting particulate matter, the upper and lower silica cloths 13 and 14 are formed inside the upper and lower perforated plates 11 and 12 having a plurality of holes 10 formed therein. It is made of a plurality of stacked structure so that the fixing plate 17 is fixed inside the central casing (1) to form a collecting cell 16 fixed with a fixed plate 17 by embedding the ceramic ball 15 densely packed.

In the present invention, when the plurality of collecting cells 16 are stacked inside the central casing 1, the upper part of the collecting cells 16 forms an opening 19, but the front lower part has a front cell cover ( 20) and the lower portion forms the discharge portion 21, but the rear upper portion is installed to be closed by the rear cell cover (22). Reference numeral 4 is an inlet for exhaust gas exhausted from the engine, and 5 is an outlet for exhaust gas filtered by the apparatus of the present invention.

By explaining the operation of the device of the present invention in more detail, it is possible to more easily understand the device of the present invention.

That is, the exhaust gas exhausted from the exhaust manifold on the engine side is moved into the intake pipe casing 2 through the intake port 4. The exhaust gas flows through the opening 19 formed in the front upper part of the plurality of stacked cells 16, but the rear upper part of the collection cell 16 is closed because the rear cell cover 22 is closed. The exhaust gas passes through the opening 10 of the upper porous plate 11 in the opening 19 so that particulate matter of the exhaust gas is primarily collected in the upper silica cloth 13.

In this way, the exhaust gas after being first collected in the upper silica cloth 13 passes through the plurality of ceramic balls 15 that are densely packed with the particulate matter of the exhaust gas on the surface of the ceramic ball 15. As it is captured in the form, the exhaust gas continues to flow.

Thus, after passing through the cerammak ball 15, the exhaust gas after the second adsorption is collected again by the lower silica cloth 14 to collect particulate matter of the exhaust gas again. After the particulate matter of the exhaust gas is collected and collected several times, the exhaust gas passes through the hole 10 of the lower perforated plate 12 and then through the exhaust portion 21 through the exhaust pipe casing 3. ) Will be discharged to the muffler side.

In particular, after the exhaust gas passes through the intake pipe casing 2, the exhaust gas is dispersed in the opening 19 so that the upper silica cloth 13, the ceramic ball 15, and the lower portion of the upper portion of the respective collecting cells 16 are disposed. As it passes through the silica cloth 14, the filtration area and the inverse over-volume become larger so that the back pressure increase can be largely suppressed, and for this reason, particulate matter of exhaust gas, that is, soot accumulation can be dispersed. The filtering effect of particulate matter in the exhaust gas can be increased.

The apparatus of the present invention can be implemented as shown in Figures 5 to 7, which is not formed in the upper portion of the collecting cell 16, the opening 19 is formed in the lower portion of the front upper portion Is closed by the front cell cover 20, and the rear lower part is closed by the rear cell cover 22, so that the exhaust gas flowing through the opening 19 formed in the lower portion of the collecting cell 16 is first lower perforated plate 12 While collecting the particulate matter of the exhaust gas from the lower silica cloth 14 through the hole 10 of the primary, and again passing through the ceramic ball 15 is adsorbed on the surface of the ceramic ball 15 2 After being collected and collected through the upper silica cloth 13 and the third time, it is exhausted through the exhaust pipe casing 3 through the hole 10 of the upper porous plate 11.

As described above, the particulate matter of the exhaust gas is filtered while the exhaust gas flows from the bottom of the collecting cell 16 to the upper portion. As described above, the exhaust gas has a total bottom area of each of the collecting cells 16 in which a plurality of exhaust gases are stacked. Since it passes through the lower silica cloth 14, the ceramic ball 15 and the upper silica cloth 13 through it, the filtration area and the filtration volume are increased accordingly, thereby greatly suppressing the back pressure increase and dispersing the accumulation of particulate matter. At the same time, the filtration effect can be maximized.

As described above, the present invention stacks a plurality of collecting cells consisting of upper and lower porous plates, upper and lower silica cloth, and ceramic balls in the central casing, and from the upper or lower to upper or lower portions of each collecting cell in which exhaust gases are stacked. As it passes through at least 3rd filtration process, it improves the efficiency of filtration of particulate matter in exhaust gas, and it is filtered while being dispersed through the entire area of the collection cell. It is obvious that the invention is a very useful invention that can suppress.

Claims (5)

A filter main body 6 having integrally formed suction and exhaust pipe casings 2 and 3 at the front and rear of the central casing 1 is installed between the exhaust manifold and the muffler of the engine and included in the exhaust gas exhausted. In an automobile soot filtration apparatus for collecting particulate matter, the upper and lower silica cloths 13 and 14 are formed inside the upper and lower perforated plates 11 and 12 having a plurality of holes 10 formed therein. A plurality of collecting cells 16 inside the central casing 1 are laminated with a plurality of collecting cells 16 fixed with a fixed plate 17 by embedding a ceramic ball 15 packed into a plurality of ceramic balls 15, and the exhaust gas passes through each collecting cell 16. The particulate matter of the exhaust gas while filtering the particulate matter of the automobile. According to claim 1, When the plurality of collecting cells 16 are stacked inside the central casing (1), the upper portion of the collecting cell 16 forms an opening 19, the front lower portion of the front cell cover 20 ) And the lower portion forms a discharge portion 21, but the rear upper portion is laminated to be closed by the rear cell cover 22. The method of claim 2, wherein the opening 19 is formed in the lower portion of the collecting cell 16, the front upper portion is closed by the front cell cover 20, the rear cell cover 22 of the collecting cell 16 A soot filtration device for a vehicle, characterized in that the rear upper portion is formed to be closed. According to claim 1 or 2, wherein the exhaust gas is passed from the upper portion of each of the collecting cells 16 stacked in the central casing (1) to the lower particulate matter in turn the upper silica cloth (13), ceramic balls ( 15), the particulate filter of the automobile, characterized in that collected in the lower silica cloth (14). According to claim 1 or 3, wherein the exhaust gas is passed through the upper portion of each of the collecting cells 16 stacked in the central casing (1), the particulate matter in turn, the lower silica cloth 14, the ceramic ball ( 15), the particulate filter of the automobile, characterized in that collected in the upper silica cloth (13).