KR19990028178A - Complex Process Machining Center - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a complex process type machining center, comprising: a tool holder in which a tool for processing a metal material is located, a spindle motor for driving a rotational movement of the tool, and three shafts connected to the main shaft of the spindle system by a three-axis rotary joint; Fixed length links, each of the three fixed length links are connected to the three fixed length links by a single axis of rotation joint, each of the three straight vertical links to provide a path for the vertical transfer of the fixed length links, the three fixed length links Three vertical motors for driving vertical transfer on each of the respective linear vertical links connected, a circular horizontal link providing a path for the three linear vertical links to carry a circumferential shape, and the three linear vertical links It characterized in that it comprises three horizontal feed motors for driving to feed horizontally on the circular horizontal link. According to the combined machining type machining center according to the present invention, five-side machining except for the bottom of the workpiece is possible, and in particular, since vertical turning is possible, a composite workpiece having a square and a circular shape can be processed.

Description

Complex Process Machining Center

The present invention relates in particular to machining centers among machine tools for processing metal materials. Machine tools are one of the most important means of production in the metalworking industry and are tools for cutting or grinding metal materials to obtain products of the desired shape, dimensions and surface degree. The machine tool is composed of two parts, a machine body and a tool to drive the machine by power, and the metal material is processed by the tool. In machine tools, these tools are usually interchangeable, and these machine tools are called 'machining centers'. In such a machining center, a computer numerical control (CNC) machining center has emerged that controls factors necessary for processing metal materials by numerical input through a computer.

For the machining of metal materials in conventional machining centers, the relative movement of the workpiece and the tool is required, and the rotational movement of the tool is involved in most cutting processes such as milling, drilling, boring and the like. At this time, the rotational motion of the tool is made by the spindle motor of the spindle system, and the relative motion of the workpiece and the tool is made by the relative motion of the table and the spindle system on which the workpiece is fixed.

However, in the conventional machining center described above, the inclination of the main axis with respect to the table on which the workpiece is fixed is limited to a maximum of 45 degrees or less. In the vertical turning process, since the inclination of the main shaft with respect to the table on which the workpiece is fixed must be 90 °, the conventional machining center has a disadvantage in that circular workpieces (axial workpieces) cannot be machined. Furthermore, of course, complex shaped workpieces with square and circular shapes in a single workpiece cannot be processed as well.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the machining center according to the prior art as described above, it is possible to freely process the five surfaces except the bottom of the object to be processed, vertical turning is possible to form a square and round shape To provide a machining center for machining complex shaped workpieces with

Compared to conventional machining centers that can process only square workpieces, the machining centers presented in the present invention can process circular and square complex shaped workpieces. 'Will be.

1 is a perspective view of a complex process type machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a plan view of a complex process-type machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention,

3 is a cross-sectional view of the machining process center of the complex process type according to an embodiment of the present invention shown by a cross-sectional view A-A shown in FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a bottom-up straight vertical link of a machining center of a complex process according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a cross-sectional view of a top-down straight vertical link of a combined machining type machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a state of use when the main axis is perpendicular to the workpiece in the hybrid machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of main parts in the collision of B-B shown in FIG. 3 for explaining a straight vertical link collision preventing limit switch. FIG.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: Tool 2: Spindle Motor

3: 3-axis rotating joint 4: Fixed length link

5: single axis joint

6: straight vertical link (upward) 6 ': straight vertical link (downward)

61, 61 ': Ball nut 62, 62': Ball screw

63, 63 ': Coupling 7: vertical feed motor

8: circular horizontal link

81: ring gear 82: pinion gear

83: roller 9: motor for horizontal feed

10, 10 ': Limit switch for preventing vertical vertical link collision

11: Limit switch for fixed length link vertical feed restriction

12: Limit switch for return to horizontal feed point

13: Vertical feed home return type limit switch

20: workpiece

31: workpiece fixing member 32: chuck

33: pulley 34: V-belt

35 pneumatic cylinder 36 pulley driving motor

In order to achieve the object as described above, the hybrid machining center according to the present invention, the tool holder in which a tool for processing a metal material is located, the spindle motor for driving the rotational movement of the tool, by a three-axis rotary joint Three fixed length links connected to the main shaft of the main shaft system, three straight vertical links connected to the three fixed length links by the one-axis rotary joint, respectively, to provide a path for the vertical transport of each connected fixed length link For example, three vertical motors for driving vertical transport on the respective linear vertical link connected to the three fixed length links, a circular horizontal link providing a path for the three linear vertical links to transfer the circumferential phase, And three horizontal feed motors for driving the three straight vertical links to horizontally feed on the circular horizontal link. Characterized in that.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a perspective view of a complex process type machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the machining process center of the complex process type according to an embodiment of the present invention shown by a cross-sectional view A-A shown in FIG.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the combined machining type machining center according to the present invention includes a tool axis 1 and a spindle axis motor 2 for driving a rotational movement of the tool. It consists of a feed system that determines posture.

In order to process the metal material into the desired shape and shape, it is particularly necessary to control the relative position and attitude of the tool with respect to the workpiece 20. To this end, the hybrid process type machining center according to the present invention connects three links to a main axis, and introduces a parallel mechanism structure that allows each link to be driven in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction so that the main axis performs six degrees of freedom.

In the combined process type machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the three fixed length links 4 are connected to the tool 1 and the main shaft by a three-axis rotary joint 3. It is connected to a main shaft system composed of a motor (2). The lengths of the three fixed length links 4 may be the same or different from each other, and the cases shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are the same as the lengths of the three fixed length links 4. to be. The three-axis rotary joint 3 used in the present invention is specially manufactured so that the allowable inclination angle is 60 ° or more, and in consideration of the point that the maximum allowable inclination angle is 50 ° in the conventional three-axis rotation joint 3, the allowable inclination angle is There is a big advantage.

The vertical feed of the three fixed length links 4 is carried out by the respective vertical feed motors 7 along the vertical path provided by the respective respective straight vertical links 6, 6 '. Driven and performed. To this end, the three fixed length links 4 are connected to the respective straight vertical links 6, 6 'by the axial rotary joint 5, respectively.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in the figure, the vertical vertical links 6 and 6 'have a vertical feed path of fixed length links 4 connected to each other generally based on the circular horizontal link 8. In contrast to the two upward straight vertical links 6 in the directional direction, one downward straight vertical link 6 ′ in the downward direction is realized. This is to minimize the limitation of the work area by the three-axis rotary joints 3 connecting the fixed length links 4 to the main shaft system. All three straight vertical links may be implemented in a bottom-up or top-down manner, one of the three straight vertical links may be implemented in a bottom-up manner, and the other two may be implemented in a top-down manner.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the upward straight vertical link 6, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the downward straight vertical link 6 '.

Each of the linear vertical links 6, 6 'is a ball screw 62, 62', which is a path in which each fixed length link 4 is vertically transferred by the vertical motor 7, and each fixed length link 4 Ball nuts 61 and 61 'for connecting the single-axis rotary joint 5 and ball screws 62 and 62' connected to the ball screw 62 and 62 'and the vertical motors 7 respectively. It consists of couplings (63, 63 ') for connecting.

The rotational driving force of the vertical transfer motor 7 is transmitted to the ball nuts 61 and 61 'through the ball screws 62 and 62' and is connected to the ball nuts 61 and 61 '. Is transmitted to the fixed length link 4, and consequently the fixed length link 4 is transported along the vertical feed path provided by the ballscrews 62 and 62 '.

On the other hand, in the hybrid process type machining center according to the present invention, the horizontal feed of the three fixed length links 4 is a linear vertical link (6, 6 ') of each of the fixed length link (4) is connected for each horizontal transfer Driven by a motor 9 and carried along a horizontal circumferential path on the circular horizontal link 8.

For horizontal transfer of the linear vertical links 6 and 6 ', a ring gear 81 is implemented on the outer surface of the circular horizontal link 8, and the horizontal vertical links 6 and 6' are used for horizontal transfer. The pinion gear 82 driven by the motor 9 is implemented. The horizontal feed motor 9 drives the pinion gear 82 to rotate the pinion gear 82 in engagement with the ring gear 81 to perform horizontal transfer of the straight vertical links 6 and 6 '. .

The straight vertical links 6 and 6 'have a vertical load in the vertical conveyance of the fixed length link 4, a horizontal centrifugal force in the horizontal conveyance of the straight vertical links 6 and 6', and a horizontal direction between the rigid bodies and The rollers 83 are implemented to withstand the internal force in the vertical direction.

As described above, the vertical feed on the straight vertical links 6 and 6 'of the three fixed length links 4 and the horizontal transfer of the circular horizontal links 8 of the three straight vertical links 6 and 6'. The position and the attitude of the tool connected to the main shaft are determined by the six degrees of freedom of the main shaft. That is, the trajectory of the position and posture of the tool is determined by the rotational motion components of the vertical feed motor and the horizontal feed motor.In the case of the computer numerical control machining center, the input values of the respective feed motors determined through the kinematic analysis process are numerically determined. Control to control the relative position of the tool relative to the workpiece to obtain a workpiece of the desired shape and shape. In particular, the hybrid machining center according to the present invention having the configuration as described above is easy to the side processing because the main axis can have a posture perpendicular to the workpiece. Figure 6 illustrates a case in which the main axis is perpendicular to the workpiece in the hybrid machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention.

On the other hand, the most restrictive element in determining the position and attitude of the tool in the multi-process machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 1 to 5 is to connect the fixed length link (4) to the main axis system It is the rotation angle of the triaxial joint 3. Therefore, in the present invention, the fixed length link 4 is not limited to the three-axis rotation joint 3 by limiting the vertical conveying range of the straight vertical link (6,6 ').

In order to limit the vertical conveying range, each of the linear vertical links 6 and 6 'includes a limit switch 11 for limiting the vertical length of the fixed length link, so that the vertical length of the fixed length link 4 is fixed to the vertical length link. It is to be limited by the limit limit switch (11).

In addition, in the combined process type machining center according to the present invention, three linear vertical links 6 and 6 'are driven by respective horizontal feed motors 9, so that they are moved horizontally by 360 ° on the circular horizontal link 8, thereby providing a straight line. Be prepared for collisions between vertical links. To this end, the straight vertical links 6 and 6 'include limit switches 10 and 10' for preventing straight collisions. When the linear vertical link collision avoidance limit switches come into contact with each other, the linear vertical link detects the approach.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating main parts in the collision of B-B shown in FIG. 3 for explaining a straight vertical link collision preventing limit switch.

Since the operation of the complex process type machining center by computer numerical control is generally controlled by the displacement value with respect to the initial value determined by the initial position and attitude of the tool, it is necessary to determine the origin of the machining center.

To this end, the composite process type machining center according to the present invention further includes a male transfer home return limit switch 12 and a vertical transfer home return limit switch 13.

In the above, the spindle system and the feed system constituting the complex process type machining center according to the present invention have been described. In general, the machining center may be composed of a spindle system for rotating the tool and a feed system for determining the position of the tool.

The present invention proposes to further include a work rotation system for rotating the work additionally to the machining center as described above composed of a spindle system and a feed system.

The work rotation system may rotate the work holding member 31 for fixing the work 20, which is a metal material, the chuck 32 for supporting the work holding member 31, the pneumatic cylinder 35 connected to the chuck, and the chuck. Pulley 33, and a poly drive motor 36 for driving the pulley 33, when the pulley drive motor 36 is not a direct type, the rotational driving force of the pulley drive motor 36 It may further include a V-belt 34 for delivering to the pulley (33).

Including the work rotation system integrally, vertical turning is possible while rotating the work as the main axis is perpendicular to the work as shown in FIG.

The composite machining center according to the present invention as described above is capable of machining five surfaces except for the bottom of the workpiece, and in particular, the vertical turning process allows machining of complex shaped workpieces having square and circular shapes. There is this.

Claims (14)

In the machining center for processing metal materials, A tool holder in which a tool for processing a metallic material is located; A main shaft motor for driving a rotational movement of the tool; Three fixed length links connected to the main shaft of the main shaft system by a three-axis rotary joint; Three straight vertical links connected to each of the three fixed length links by a axial rotation joint to provide a path through which the connected fixed length links are vertically transferred; Three vertical feed motors that drive vertical feeds on respective linear vertical links to which the three fixed length links are connected; A circular horizontal link providing a path for the three straight vertical links to carry a circumferential shape; And Machining center for a complex process, characterized in that the three linear vertical links include three horizontal motors for driving to horizontally transport the circular horizontal link. According to claim 1, wherein the three axis joint is Machining centers for combined processes characterized by a maximum allowable inclination angle of 60 ° or more. The machining center for a complex process according to claim 1, wherein the lengths of the three fixed length links are the same. The machining center for a complex process according to claim 1, wherein the lengths of the three fixed length links are different from each other. The method of claim 1, wherein the straight vertical link, A ball screw which is a path in which a fixed length link is vertically transferred by the vertical motor; A ball nut for connecting the one-axis rotary joint and the ball screw connected to the fixed length link; And Machining center for a composite process, characterized in that it comprises a coupling for connecting the ball screw and the vertical transfer motor. The method of claim 1, wherein the complex process type machining center A pinion gear driven by the horizontal feed motor to cause the linear vertical link to horizontally feed on the circular horizontal link; And Complex machining type machining center further comprises a ring gear is implemented on the outer surface of the circular horizontal link to rotate in engagement with the pinion gear. The method of claim 1, wherein the complex process type machining center It characterized in that it further comprises rollers to withstand the load in the vertical direction during the vertical transport of the fixed length link, the centrifugal force in the horizontal direction during the horizontal transport of the straight vertical link, and the internal and horizontal forces between the rigid bodies Complex Process Type Machining Center. The method of claim 1, wherein the three straight vertical links, The fixed length link is connected to the vertical straight upward link vertically transported on the basis of the circular horizontal link, and the fixed length link is connected to the downward straight vertical link is vertically transported relative to the circular horizontal link. Combined machining centers. The method of claim 8, wherein the three straight vertical links, Machining center for complex process, characterized in that it consists of two bottom-up straight vertical link and one top-down straight vertical link. According to claim 1, The machining center for a composite process, Machining center for a composite process characterized in that it further comprises a limit switch for preventing the straight vertical link. According to claim 1, The machining center for a composite process, Machining center for a composite process characterized in that it further comprises a limit switch for the fixed length link vertical transfer limit. The method of claim 1, wherein the machining step for the composite process, Machining center for a composite process, characterized in that the linear vertical link further comprises a homing limit switch of the movement to horizontally transport the circular horizontal link. According to claim 1, The machining center for a composite process, Machining center for a composite process, characterized in that the fixed length link further comprises a homing limit switch of the movement for vertically conveying the vertical transfer path of the straight vertical link. According to claim 1, The machining center for a composite process, And a workpiece rotation system comprising a workpiece fixing member for fixing a metal material, a chuck supporting the workpiece fixing member, a pneumatic cylinder connected to the chuck, a pulley for rotating the chuck, and a motor for driving the pulley. Machining center for a composite process, characterized in that the main shaft system and the workpiece rotation system comprising a.