KR19990015586A - Electric osmosis consolidation method and consolidation drainage device - Google Patents
Electric osmosis consolidation method and consolidation drainage device Download PDFInfo
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- KR19990015586A KR19990015586A KR1019970037767A KR19970037767A KR19990015586A KR 19990015586 A KR19990015586 A KR 19990015586A KR 1019970037767 A KR1019970037767 A KR 1019970037767A KR 19970037767 A KR19970037767 A KR 19970037767A KR 19990015586 A KR19990015586 A KR 19990015586A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
- E02D3/106—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains by forming sand drains containing only loose aggregates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/005—Soil-conditioning by mixing with fibrous materials, filaments, open mesh or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
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Abstract
본 발명은 음전극봉을 설치함에 있어, 음전극봉 내에 모래기둥을 형성하여 외부의 압입장치에 의해 압입설치함으로 지반천공사 대형장비의 사용에 따른 지반의 교란효과를 최소화 하고, 양 및 음전압 통전시 연약 점토지반에 비해 전기전도도가 큰 모래배수층으로의 전류방전을 방지하도록 하여 배수성능을 더욱 향상시킨 전기삼투 압밀공법 및 압밀 배수 장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.In the present invention, in installing the negative electrode rod, sand pillars are formed in the negative electrode rod and press-installed by an external indentation device, thereby minimizing the disturbance effect of the ground caused by the use of large-scale ground drilling equipment, and positive and negative voltage energization. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electroosmotic consolidation method and a consolidation drainage device which further improve drainage performance by preventing current discharge to a sand drainage layer having a higher electrical conductivity than soft clay ground.
이를 달성하기 위해 본 발명은 연약 점토지반(6)상에 배수층을 형성하고, 주위 표면에 미세한 홀이 다수 형성된 통체로 이루어지되 내부가 모래로 충진된 음전극봉(2)을 상기 배수층을 관통하여 연약 점토지반(6)에 이르도록 압입 설치한다. 그리고 상기 배수층으로의 전류방전을 방지하기 위해 상기 음전극봉(1)의 직경보자 큰 관(管)체로 된 비전도성 절연재(8)를 상기 음전극봉(1)의 일부를 감싸도록 압입 설치한다. 그런후 외부 전원을 통전시켜 간극수를 음전극봉(1) 내의 모래를 통해 상부로 배출되도록 한 것이다.In order to achieve this, the present invention forms a drainage layer on the soft clay ground (6), and consists of a cylindrical body formed with a large number of fine holes in the surrounding surface, the inside is filled with sand through the negative electrode rod (2) filled with the soft Press-fit so that it reaches the clay ground (6). Then, in order to prevent current discharge to the drainage layer, a non-conductive insulating material 8 made of a tubular body larger than the diameter of the negative electrode rod 1 is press-installed to surround a part of the negative electrode rod 1. Then, the external power is energized so that the gap water is discharged upward through the sand in the negative electrode rod 1.
Description
도1은 종래의 전기삼투 압밀공법의 시공 순서도,1 is a construction flowchart of the conventional electroosmotic consolidation method,
도2A 내지 도2G는 본 발명에 의한 전기삼투 압밀공법의 시공 순서도.2A to 2G are construction flowcharts of the electroosmotic consolidation method according to the present invention.
*도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *
1 : 양전극봉2 : 음전극봉1: positive electrode 2: negative electrode
3 : 모래기둥4 : 성토하중3: sand pillar 4: fill load
5 : 모래배수층6 : 연약점토지반5: sand drainage layer 6: soft clay ground
7 : 매트8 : 절연장치7: mat 8: insulation device
9 : 전원제공장치9: power supply device
본 발명은 종래의 전기삼투공법과 샌드드레인 공법을 결합하여 지반의 강도증진과 배수를 위한 전기삼투 압밀공법과 압밀배수장치에 대한 것이다.The present invention relates to an electroosmotic consolidation method and a consolidation drainage device for increasing strength and drainage of the ground by combining the conventional electroosmotic method and sand drain method.
일반적으로 함수비가 높은 연약지반에 도로성토, 교량의 교대, 해안의 단지조성 등을 위하여 연약지반의 함수비를 저하시키기 위한 연약지반 개량공법으로서 상재하중에 의한 지반내 압력차를 이용한 샌드드레인 공법 및 페이퍼드레인 공법, 대기압을 이용한 진공압밀공법과 전기의 전위차를 이용하여 지반내 간극수를 이동시키는 전기삼투공법 등이 사용되고 있다.Generally, it is a soft ground improvement method to reduce the water content of soft ground for road fill, bridges, and coastal complex formation on soft ground with high water content. Sand drain method and paper using ground pressure difference by loading BACKGROUND ART The drainage method, the vacuum consolidation method using atmospheric pressure, and the electroosmotic method of moving the pore water in the ground by using the electric potential difference are used.
그런데, 이러한 연약지반 개량공법은 많은 문제점을 내포하고 있어 본 출원인은 1996년 특허출원 제 96-2339 호로, 도 1에 도시한 바와 같이 개량된 전기삼투 하중드레인 압밀장치 및 공법을 기출원한 바 있다.However, the soft ground improvement method has many problems, and the present applicant has filed an application of the improved electroosmotic load drain consolidation apparatus and method as shown in FIG. 1 to 1996 Patent Application No. 96-2339. .
도1에 도시된 공법은 연약점토지반(16)에 매트(17)와 모래층(15)를 설치하고, 모래기둥(13)을 연약점토지반(16) 내에 형성시키고 전극봉(12)을 끼우며, 그의 주변에 일정간격으로 다른 전극봉(11)을 설치하고, 지반위에 성토하중(14)을 재하한 후 각 전극봉에 양, 음전압을 전원제공장치(19)를 통해 공급하므로 양극(음극)에서 음극(양극)으로 간극수를 강제로 이동시켜 간극수를 상부로 배출하면서 지반의 압밀침하를 유발시켜 지반강도를 증진하는 것이다.1, the mat 17 and the sand layer 15 are installed on the soft clay ground 16, the sand pillars 13 are formed in the soft clay ground 16, and the electrode rod 12 is fitted. The other electrode 11 is installed at a predetermined interval around it, and after the load 14 is loaded on the ground, the positive and negative voltages are supplied to each electrode through the power supply device 19 so that the cathode at the anode (cathode) It moves the pore water to (positive pole) by force and discharges the pore water to the upper side, causing ground subsidence and improving the ground strength.
그런데 도1 에 도시한 공법은 전기력에 의해 과잉간극수압이 일정하게 발생되지 않고 삼각형 형태로 발생되기 때문에 지반의 강도증진이 일정하게 발생하지 않으며 음극주위의 지반이 함수비의 증가로 매우 연약해지고 지반침하를 고르게 유발시키지 못할 뿐만 아니라 압밀기간이 상대적으로 오래 소요되는 문제점을 내포하고 있고, 지반속으로 흐르는 전류가 연약점토지반에 비해 상대적으로 전기 전도도가 높은 상부모래배수층을 통해 방전되는 현상으로 전기삼투효과가 현저히 감소한다. 또한, 음극설치시 대규모 장비사용으로 인하여 지반의 교란이 발생하고 이로 인해 지반배수효과가 감소하는 단점을 가지고 있다.However, in the method shown in Fig. 1, the excess pore water pressure is not generated by the electric force in a triangular form, but the strength increase of the ground does not occur constantly, and the ground around the cathode is very soft due to the increase in the water content and ground subsidence. Not only does it cause unevenness, but also consolidation takes a relatively long time, and the current flowing into the ground is discharged through the upper sand drainage layer, which has a relatively high electrical conductivity compared to the soft clay. Decreases significantly. In addition, the disturbance of the ground occurs due to the use of large-scale equipment when installing the cathode has a disadvantage that the ground drainage effect is reduced.
따라서, 본 발명은 상기한 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로, 음전극봉을 설치함에 있어, 음전극봉 내에 모래기둥을 형성하여 외부의 압입장치에 의해 압입설치함으로 지반천공사 대형장비의 사용에 따른 지반의 교란효과를 최소화 하고, 양 및 음전압 통전시 연약 점토지반에 비해 전기전도도가 큰 모래배수층으로의 전류방전을 방지하도록 하여 배수성능을 더욱 향상시킨 전기삼투 압밀공법 및 압밀 배수 장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, the present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, in installing the negative electrode rod, by forming a sand pillar in the negative electrode rod by press-installed by an external indentation device, the ground according to the use of large ground drilling equipment It provides an electroosmotic consolidation method and consolidation drainage device that minimizes disturbing effects and prevents current discharge to the sand drainage layer, which has a higher electrical conductivity than soft clay ground when positive and negative voltages are energized. There is a purpose.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 발명에 따른 전기삼투 압밀공법은, 연약 점토지반에 소정길이만큼 압입 설치되는 중공의 통체로서, 그 표면에 다수의 미세한 홀을 형성한 음전극봉; 상기 음전극봉으로 부터 소정거리만큼 떨어진 주변에 다수 압입 설치되며, 외부로부터 전원을 인가받아 전하를 발생하는 양전극봉; 상기 연약 점토지반 상에 소정두께로 포설되어 상승되는 간극수를 외부로 배출하기 위한 배수수단을 구비하는 전기삼투 압밀배수장치에 있어서, 상기 음전극봉은 상기 양전극봉에서 발생하는 전하와의 결합력에 의해 이동해오는 간극수를 모세관 현상을 이용해 상부로 배출하기 위해, 그 내부에 모래를 충진하고 있도록 하였다.In order to achieve the above object, the electroosmotic consolidation method according to the present invention is a hollow cylinder that is press-installed in a soft clay ground by a predetermined length, the negative electrode rod formed a plurality of fine holes on the surface; A plurality of positive electrode rods installed at a predetermined distance from the negative electrode rod by a predetermined distance, and generating electric charges by receiving power from the outside; In the electroosmotic consolidation and drainage device having a drainage means for discharging the gap water is raised to a predetermined thickness on the soft clay ground to the outside, the negative electrode rod is moved by the coupling force with the charge generated in the positive electrode rod The sea water was filled with sand to discharge the gap water to the upper part by using capillary action.
그리고 상기 다수의 양전극봉 주변으로부터 배수수단으로의 전류방전을 방지하기 위해, 상기 양전극봉의 일부를 감싸도록 관(管)체의 절연재를 압입 설치하도록 하였다. 여기서 절연재는 상기 양전극봉의 직경보다 큰 직경을 갖도록 한다.In order to prevent current discharge from the surroundings of the plurality of positive electrode rods to the drainage means, an insulating material of a pipe body is press-installed so as to surround a part of the positive electrode rods. The insulating material is to have a diameter larger than the diameter of the positive electrode.
또한 본 발명에 따른 전기삼투 압밀공법은, 상기 연약 점토지반 상에 투수성 매트를 깔고, 그 위에 모래를 포설하여 배수층을 형성하는 제 1 단계; 주위 표면에 미세한 홀이 다수 형성된 통체로 이루어지되 내부가 모래로 충진된 음전극봉을 상기 배수층을 관통하여 연약 점토지반에 이르도록 압입 설치하는 제 2 단계; 상기 음전극봉의 주위에 다수의 양전극봉을 압입 설치하는 제 3 단계; 상기 배수층으로의 전류방전을 방지하기 위해 상기 음전극봉의 직경보다 큰 관(管)체로 된 비전도성 절연재를 상기 음전극봉의 일부를 감싸도록 압입 설치하는 제 4 단계; 및 상기 양 및 음전극봉에 외부 전원을 통전시켜 양전극봉에서 음전극봉측으로 간극수를 강제로 이동시켜 상기 음전극봉 내의 충진된 모래를 통해 상부로 배출되도록 하는 제 5 단계를 포함하도록 하였다.In addition, the electroosmotic consolidation method according to the present invention, the first step of laying a permeable mat on the soft clay ground, laying sand thereon to form a drainage layer; A second step of press-installing the negative electrode rod filled with sand and penetrating the drainage layer to the soft clay ground, the cylinder having a plurality of fine holes formed on a peripheral surface thereof; A third step of press-fitting a plurality of positive electrode bars around the negative electrode bars; A fourth step of press-installing a non-conductive insulating material made of a tubular body larger than the diameter of the negative electrode rod to cover a part of the negative electrode rod to prevent current discharge to the drainage layer; And a fifth step of energizing an external power source to the positive and negative electrode bars to forcibly move the pore water from the positive electrode bar to the negative electrode bar and discharge the upper portion through the filled sand in the negative electrode bar.
이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 일실시예를 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described an embodiment of the present invention;
도 2A 내지 도 2G는 본 발명에 의한 전기삼투 압밀공법에 따른 시공 순서도이다.2A to 2G are construction flowcharts according to the electroosmotic consolidation method according to the present invention.
본 발명은 먼저, 연약 점토지반(6)이 고르게 되도록 부지 정지작업을 수행한 후(도 2A), 상기 연약 점토지반(6)과 배수층으로 상부에 덮여지는 모래층(5)이 혼합되지 못하도록 상기 연약 점토지반(6)상에 투수성 매트(7)를 깔고, 소정 두께만큼 모래를 포설하여 모래 배수층(5)을 형성한다(도 2B).The present invention, first, after performing a site stop operation so that the soft clay ground (6) evenly (Fig. 2A), the soft clay ground 6 and the sand layer (5) covered on the upper portion with the drainage layer is not mixed A water permeable mat 7 is laid on the clay ground 6, sand is deposited by a predetermined thickness to form a sand drainage layer 5 (FIG. 2B).
그리고, 중공체로 형성되며, 표면에 다수의 미세한 홀을 형성시킨 음전극봉(2) 내부에 모래를 채워 모래기둥(3)이 형성되도록 하고, 이렇게 형성된 음전극봉(2)을 연약 점토지반(6)내에 설치하기 위해 외부의 압입기기를 이용하여 모래배수층(5)과 투수성 매트(7)를 관통하여 상기 연약 점토지반(6)내에 이르도록 압입 설치한다(도 2C).In addition, the hollow body is filled with sand to form sand pillars 3 inside the negative electrode rod 2 having a plurality of fine holes formed on the surface thereof, and the negative electrode rod 2 thus formed is soft clay ground 6. In order to install inside, it press-installs so that it may penetrate into the said soft clay ground 6 through the sand drainage layer 5 and the permeable mat 7 using an external indentation apparatus (FIG. 2C).
이때 음전극봉(2) 주위 표면에 형성된 미세한 홀은 모래가 외부로 새나오지 않도록 작은 직경을 갖는다.At this time, the minute hole formed on the surface around the negative electrode 2 has a small diameter so that sand does not leak to the outside.
그리고, 상기 음전극봉(2)의 설치방법과 마찬가지로 상기 음전극봉(2) 주변에 일정간격으로 다수의 양전극봉(1)을 외부의 압입기기를 이용하여 압입 설치한다(도 2D).As in the method of installing the negative electrode 2, a plurality of positive electrode 1 is press-installed around the negative electrode 2 using an external indentation device at a predetermined interval (FIG. 2D).
위와 같이 설치한 후, 다수의 양전극봉(1) 주변에, 모래 배수층(5)으로 전류방전을 방지하기 위해, 상기 양전극봉(1)의 직경보다 큰 직경을 갖는 관(管)체(원형 또는 다각형)의 절연재(8)를 양전극봉(1)의 일부(모래층과 연약지반의 경계부위)를 감싸도록 압입 설치하고(도 2E), 지반의 압밀에 필요한 하중을 재하하기 위한 성토하중(4)을 쌓는다(도 2F).After the installation as described above, in order to prevent current discharge in the sand drainage layer 5 around the plurality of positive electrode rods 1, a tubular body having a diameter larger than the diameter of the positive electrode rods 1 (circular or Insulating material 8 of polygons is press-fitted so as to surround a part of the positive electrode 1 (the boundary between the sand layer and the soft ground) (FIG. 2E), and the fill load (4) for loading the load necessary for consolidation of the ground. Stack (FIG. 2F).
그리고, 상기 성토(4)외부로 돌출된 양 및 음전극봉(1,2)에 전원공급장치(10)의 전선을 연결하여 전원을 인가한다(도 2G).Then, the electric wires of the power supply device 10 are connected to the positive and negative electrode rods 1 and 2 protruding outside the fill 4 to apply power (FIG. 2G).
이렇게 함으로 연약 점토지반 내의 간극수는 양전극봉(1)들과 음전극봉(2)에서 발생하는 양, 음전하의 작용에 따른 이중층의 이온운동에 의해 양전극봉(1)에서 음전극봉(2)으로 이동되며, 음전극봉(2)의 표면에 형성된 홀을 통해 모래기둥(3)으로 흡수되고 외부와의 압력차에 의해 모세관 현상으로 위로 이동되어 상부 모래배수층(5)을 통해 외부로 배출된다.In this way, the gap number in the soft clay ground is moved from the positive electrode rod 1 to the negative electrode rod 2 by the ionic motion of the double layer according to the action of the positive and negative charges generated from the positive electrode rods 1 and the negative electrode rod 2. And, it is absorbed by the sand column (3) through the hole formed in the surface of the negative electrode (2) and moved up to the capillary phenomenon by the pressure difference with the outside is discharged to the outside through the upper sand drainage layer (5).
한편, 도면에 도시되지는 않았지만 본 발명은 상기 음전극봉(2) 내의 모래기둥(3) 및 모래 배수층(5)에 펌프를 부가 설치하여 연약 점토지반(6)내에서 성토하중(4)과 전기삼투에 의해 자유수뿐만 아니라 이중층내에 있는 고정층을 제외한 이동가능층의 물조차 배수키도록 할 수 있다.On the other hand, although not shown in the drawings, the present invention additionally installs a pump in the sand column 3 and the sand drainage layer 5 in the negative electrode rod 2, and the embankment load 4 and the electricity in the soft clay ground 6. Osmosis can drain not only free water but even water in a movable bed, except the fixed bed in the bilayer.
따라서, 상기와 같은 시공절차에 의해 수행되는 본 발명은 다음과 같은 효과를 가진다.Therefore, the present invention performed by the construction procedure as described above has the following effects.
첫째, 배수층의 개선으로 음극주위가 연약화되지 않아 상대적으로 고른 지반강도를 얻을 수 있다.First, relatively even ground strength can be obtained because the cathode is not weakened by the improvement of drainage layer.
둘째, 일정한 압밀침하를 유발하여 침하량을 제어할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 모래사용량을 절감할 수 있다.Second, it can not only control the amount of settlement by causing a certain consolidation settlement, but also reduce the sand usage.
세째, 연약점토지반과 상부 모래배수층을 관통하여 관(管)체의 절연재를 음전극봉 주위를 감싸도록 설치하므로서 상부 모래배수층으로의 전류방전을 방지하여 전류효율을 극대화할 수 있다.Third, it is possible to maximize the current efficiency by preventing current discharge to the upper sand drainage layer by installing the insulating material of the pipe (pipe) to surround the negative electrode rod through the soft clay ground and the upper sand drainage layer.
네째, 연약점토지반에 음전극봉을 압입에 의해 설치하므로 천공시 주변지반의 교란을 최소화할 수 있다.Fourth, since the negative electrode rod is installed on the soft clay ground by indentation, disturbance of the surrounding ground can be minimized during drilling.
다섯째, 연약점토지반내에서 상재하중과 전기삼투에 의해 자유수뿐만 아니라 이중층내에 있는 고정층을 제외한 이동가능층의 물조차 배수시키므로 타공법에 비하여 더 높은 지반강도 증진효과를 얻을 수 있다.Fifth, the groundwater and the electric osmosis in the soft clay ground drains not only the free water but also the water in the movable layer except the fixed bed in the double layer, so that higher ground strength can be obtained than the other methods.
Claims (6)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1019970037767A KR100227411B1 (en) | 1997-08-07 | 1997-08-07 | Electroosmosis consolidation drain method and consolidation drain device |
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| KR100227411B1 KR100227411B1 (en) | 1999-11-01 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109695264A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-30 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of suction type cylindrical foundation sinks cylinder correction and bracing means and its construction method |
| CN112962571A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-15 | 广州市盛洲地基基础工程有限公司 | Device and method for reinforcing soft soil foundation by combining strong drainage and prepressing with electroosmosis |
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1997
- 1997-08-07 KR KR1019970037767A patent/KR100227411B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109695264A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-30 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of suction type cylindrical foundation sinks cylinder correction and bracing means and its construction method |
| CN109695264B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2023-09-19 | 大连理工大学 | Suction type cylindrical foundation sinking cylinder rectifying and reinforcing device and construction method thereof |
| CN112962571A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-15 | 广州市盛洲地基基础工程有限公司 | Device and method for reinforcing soft soil foundation by combining strong drainage and prepressing with electroosmosis |
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