KR19990000033A - Liquid crystal display device having a scattering layer and a method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device having a scattering layer and a method of manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
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- KR19990000033A KR19990000033A KR1019970022658A KR19970022658A KR19990000033A KR 19990000033 A KR19990000033 A KR 19990000033A KR 1019970022658 A KR1019970022658 A KR 1019970022658A KR 19970022658 A KR19970022658 A KR 19970022658A KR 19990000033 A KR19990000033 A KR 19990000033A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133514—Colour filters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
- G02F1/133514—Colour filters
- G02F1/133516—Methods for their manufacture, e.g. printing, electro-deposition or photolithography
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
Abstract
시야각 특성이 우수한 액정표시소자를 제공한다.A liquid crystal display device having excellent viewing angle characteristics is provided.
액정표시소자는 절연성 상/하 기판 사이에 인가되는 전압에 의해 빛의 투과량을 조절하는 액정층과, 상기 상판 위에 형성된 산란효과를 일으키는 산란수단으로 이루어진다.The liquid crystal display device is composed of a liquid crystal layer for controlling the amount of light transmitted by a voltage applied between the insulating upper and lower substrates, and scattering means for causing a scattering effect formed on the upper plate.
Description
본 발명은 액정표시소자에 관한 것으로, 특히 산란층을 이용하여 시야각 특성을 향상시킨 액정표시소자에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device having improved viewing angle characteristics using a scattering layer.
근래의 액정표시소자(Liquid Crystal Display device)는 액티브매트릭스형 액정표시소자로서, 대표적인 액티브매트릭스형 액정표시소자로는 TN(Twisted Nematic)-LCD가 있으며, 이러한 TN-LCD는 일반적으로 한쌍의 투명한 기판과, 그 사이에 형성되는 칼라필터층과, TFT와 같은 스위칭 소자와, 한쌍의 표시전극 및 전압의 인가여부에 따라 빛의 투과를 조절하는 액정층으로 구성된다.Recently, a liquid crystal display device is an active matrix liquid crystal display device, and a representative active matrix liquid crystal display device is a twisted nematic (TN) -LCD, which is generally a pair of transparent substrates. And a color filter layer formed therebetween, a switching element such as a TFT, and a liquid crystal layer for controlling the transmission of light depending on whether a pair of display electrodes and voltage are applied.
도 1은 일반적인 TN-LCD의 개략적인 단면도로서, 도면에 나타내듯이, 액정표시소자는 투명한 제1기판(10) 및 제2기판(11)과, 상기 제1기판(10) 아래에 부착된 제1편광판(15) 및 상기 제1기판(10) 위에 형성된 화소전극(12)과, 상기 제2기판(11) 아래에 형성된 R, G 및 B의 칼라필터소자로 이루어진 칼라필터층(14)과, 상기 칼라필터층(14)에 접한 대향전극(13)과, 상기 제1편광판(15)과 수직하는 편광축을 갖는 제2기판(11) 위에 부착된 제2편광판(16) 및 상기 화소전극(12)과 상기 대향전극(13) 사이에 형성된 액정층(17)으로 구성된다.FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a general TN-LCD, and as shown in the drawing, a liquid crystal display device includes a transparent first substrate 10 and a second substrate 11 and a first substrate 10 attached under the first substrate 10. A color filter layer 14 including a pixel electrode 12 formed on the first polarizing plate 15 and the first substrate 10, color filter elements of R, G, and B formed below the second substrate 11; The second polarizing plate 16 and the pixel electrode 12 attached to the counter electrode 13 in contact with the color filter layer 14 and the second substrate 11 having a polarization axis perpendicular to the first polarizing plate 15. And a liquid crystal layer 17 formed between the counter electrode 13.
이하, 상기한 구성을 갖는 종래의 액정표시소자의 동작을 설명한다.The operation of the conventional liquid crystal display device having the above-described configuration will be described below.
먼저, NW(Normally White)표시방식의 액정표시소자에 전압이 인가되면 백라이트(back light)(미도시)를 통하여 출사된 빛(도면의 화살표)은 제1편광판(15)을 경유하여 임의의 성분(수직 또는 수평성분)이 제거된 채로 제1기판(10) 및 ITO(Indium Tin Oxide)와 같은 물질로 이루어진 화소전극(12)를 통과한다. 계속해서, 상기 화소전극(12)을 통과한 빛은 수직으로 배열한 액정에 의해 성분이 변하지 않은 채로 대향전극(13), 칼라필터층(14) 및 제2기판(11)을 순서대로 통과하여 제2편광판(16)에서 차단된다. 이와는 반대로, 액정표시소자에 전압이 인가되지 않으면 백라이트를 통하여 출사된 빛은 제1편광판(15)을 경유하여 임의의 성분(수직 또는 수평성분)이 제거된 채로 제1기판(10) 및 ITO(Indium Tin Oxide)와 같은 물질로 이루어진 화소전극(12)를 통과한다. 계속해서, 상기 화소전극(12)을 통과한 빛은 90˚회전 배열한 액정에 의해 성분이 변화된 채로(수직편광에서 수평편광으로 또는 수평편광에서 수직편광으로) 대향전극(13), 칼라필터층(14) 및 제2기판(11)을 순서대로 통과하고 제2편광판(16)을 통해 출사된다.First, when a voltage is applied to a liquid crystal display device of the NW (Normally White) display type, light emitted through a back light (not shown) (arrows in the drawing) is randomly passed through the first polarizing plate 15. The first substrate 10 and the pixel electrode 12 made of a material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) are passed while the (vertical or horizontal component) is removed. Subsequently, the light passing through the pixel electrode 12 passes through the counter electrode 13, the color filter layer 14, and the second substrate 11 in order without changing the components by the liquid crystals arranged vertically. 2 is blocked by the polarizing plate 16. On the contrary, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display, the light emitted through the backlight passes through the first substrate 10 and the ITO (without any component (vertical or horizontal component) removed through the first polarizing plate 15. Pass through the pixel electrode 12 made of a material such as Indium Tin Oxide. Subsequently, the light passing through the pixel electrode 12 is opposed to the counter electrode 13 and the color filter layer while the components are changed (vertically polarized to horizontally polarized or horizontally polarized to vertically polarized) by liquid crystals arranged at 90 DEG. 14) and the second substrate 11 in order and exit through the second polarizing plate 16.
상기한 액정표시소자는, 그러나, 액정의 광학적 이방성 때문에 모든 방향에서 빛의 세기가 일정하지 않다는 단점이 있었다.The liquid crystal display device described above, however, has a disadvantage in that light intensity is not constant in all directions due to the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal.
본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 감안하여 이루어진 것으로서, 절연성 기판 상에 투과하는 빛을 산란시키는 산란층을 형성하여 시야각 특성이 뛰어난 액정표시소자를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a liquid crystal display device having excellent viewing angle characteristics by forming a scattering layer for scattering light transmitted on an insulating substrate.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명에 따른 액정표시소자는, 투명한 제1기판, 제2기판 및 제1기판 상에 형성된 제3기판과, 상기 제1기판 상에 형성된 화소전극 및 기판의 반대편에 부착된 제1편광판과, 상기 제2기판 상에 형성된 대향전극 및 기판의 반대편에 부착된 제2편광판과, 상기 제3기판 상에 형성된 산란층과, 상기 산란층 상에 형성된 R, G 및 B의 칼라필터소자로 이루어진 칼라필터층과, 상기 제1기판과 제2기판 사이에 형성된 액정층으로 구성된다.In order to achieve the above object, the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, the first substrate, the second substrate and the third substrate formed on the first substrate, the pixel electrode formed on the first substrate and the opposite side of the substrate A first polarizing plate attached to the second substrate, an opposing electrode formed on the second substrate and a second polarizing plate attached to the opposite side of the substrate, a scattering layer formed on the third substrate, R, G, and And a liquid crystal layer formed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
상기한 액정표시소자에서, 백라이트를 통하여 출사된 빛은 제1편광판을 경유하여 제1기판 및 ITO(Indium Tin Oxide)와 같은 물질로 이루어진 화소전극를 통과한다. 계속해서, 상기 화소전극을 통과한 빛은 액정층, 대향전극, 제2기판 및 제2편광판을 순서대로 통과한 후, 제3기판 상에 형성된 칼라필터층 및 액정에 고분자가 분산된 물질로 이루어진 산란층을 경유하여 출사된다. 이러한 과정에서 상기 산란층이 최초의 입사광을 효율적으로 분산시키므로 광효율 및 시야각 특성이 향상될 수 있다. 여기서, 상기 산란층은 고분자에 실리카겔(silicagel) 등의 분말(powder)이 분산된 물질로 형성할 수도 있으며, 이것에 한정되지는 않는다.In the liquid crystal display device, the light emitted through the backlight passes through the first electrode and the pixel electrode made of a material such as indium tin oxide (ITO) via the first polarizing plate. Subsequently, the light passing through the pixel electrode passes through the liquid crystal layer, the counter electrode, the second substrate, and the second polarizing plate in order, and then scatters the color filter layer formed on the third substrate and a material in which the polymer is dispersed in the liquid crystal. Exit through the floor. In this process, since the scattering layer efficiently disperses the first incident light, light efficiency and viewing angle characteristics may be improved. Here, the scattering layer may be formed of a material in which a powder such as silica gel is dispersed in a polymer, but is not limited thereto.
상기한 액정표시소자는 상기 칼라필터층과 산란층의 위치가 서로 바뀐 구조로 형성하는 것이 가능하고, 또한 칼라필터층이 산란을 유발하는 물질을 포함하므로써 산란층의 역할을 하는 것도 바람직하다.The liquid crystal display device may be formed in a structure in which the positions of the color filter layer and the scattering layer are interchanged, and the color filter layer may also serve as a scattering layer by including a material causing scattering.
도 1은, 일반적인 액정표시소자의 단면도.1 is a cross-sectional view of a general liquid crystal display element.
도 2는, 본 발명의 제1실시예를 나타내는 도면.Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
도 3은, 본 발명의 제2실시예를 나타내는 도면.3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention;
도 4는, 본 발명의 제3실시예를 나타내는 도면.Fig. 4 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
- 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명 --Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawing-
110 : 제1기판 111 : 제3기판110: first substrate 111: third substrate
112 : 화소전극 113 : 대향전극112: pixel electrode 113: counter electrode
114 : 칼라필터층 117 : 액정층114: color filter layer 117: liquid crystal layer
118 : 제2기판 119 : 확산층118: second substrate 119: diffusion layer
이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 도면을 참조하여 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
도 2는 본 발명의 제1실시예를 나타내는 도면으로서, 투명한 제1기판(110), 제2기판(118) 및 제3기판(111)과, 상기 제1기판(110) 상에 부착된 제1편광판(115) 및 상기 제1기판(110) 상에 형성된 화소전극(112)과, 상기 제2기판(118) 상에 형성된 대향전극(113) 및 기판의 반대편에 부착된 제2편광판(116)과, 상기 제3기판 상에 형성된 산란층(119)과, 상기 산란층(119) 상에 형성된 R, G 및 B의 칼라필터소자로 이루어진 칼라필터층(114)과, 상기 화소전극(112)과 상기 대향전극(113) 사이에 형성된 액정층(117)으로 이루어진 액정표시소자를 나타내고 있다.FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein a transparent first substrate 110, a second substrate 118, and a third substrate 111 are attached to the first substrate 110. The first polarizing plate 115 and the pixel electrode 112 formed on the first substrate 110, the counter electrode 113 formed on the second substrate 118, and the second polarizing plate 116 attached to opposite sides of the substrate. ), A scattering layer 119 formed on the third substrate, a color filter layer 114 formed of R, G, and B color filter elements formed on the scattering layer 119, and the pixel electrode 112. And a liquid crystal layer 117 formed between the counter electrode 113.
상기한 구성을 갖는 액정표시소자의 제조방법은 먼저, 상기 제1기판(110) 위에 TFT층(미도시)을 형성하고, ITO와 같은 물질을 증착하여 화소전극(112)을 형성한 후, 상기 제1기판(110)의 아래에는 제1편광판(115)을 부착한다. 그 후, 상기 제2기판(118) 상에 ITO와 같은 물질을 증착하여 상기 화소전극(112)과 상응하는 대향전극을 형성한 후, 반대편에 제2편광판(116)을 부착한다. 상기한 것과는 별개로 상기 제3기판(111) 상에 액정과 고분자가 분산된 물질을 도포하고 경화하여 산란층(119)을 형성하고, 그 위에 R, G 및 B의 칼라필터소자와 빛을 누설을 방지하기 위한 블랙매트릭스(미도시)로 구성된 칼라필터층(114)을 형성한다. 그 후, 상기 화소전극(112)과 상기 대향전극(113) 사이에 액정층(117)을 형성하여 액정표시소자를 완성한다.In the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device having the above-described configuration, first, a TFT layer (not shown) is formed on the first substrate 110, and a pixel electrode 112 is formed by depositing a material such as ITO. The first polarizing plate 115 is attached to the bottom of the first substrate 110. Thereafter, a material such as ITO is deposited on the second substrate 118 to form a counter electrode corresponding to the pixel electrode 112, and then a second polarizing plate 116 is attached to the opposite side. Apart from the above, the scattering layer 119 is formed by applying and curing a material in which a liquid crystal and a polymer are dispersed on the third substrate 111 to form a scattering layer 119 thereon, and leaking light and color filter elements of R, G, and B thereon. To form a color filter layer 114 composed of a black matrix (not shown). Thereafter, a liquid crystal layer 117 is formed between the pixel electrode 112 and the counter electrode 113 to complete the liquid crystal display device.
상기한 액정표시소자에서, 백라이트(미도시)를 통하여 출사된 빛(도면의 화살표)은 상기 제1편광판(115)을 경유하여 상기 제1기판(110) 및 상기 화소전극(112)를 통과한다. 계속해서, 상기 화소전극(112)을 통과한 빛은 상기 액정층(117), 대향전극(113), 제2기판(118), 제2편광판(116) 및 칼라필터층(114)을 순서대로 통과한 후, 도면의 점선화살표로 나타내듯이 산란층(119)에 의해 산란된 상태로 제3기판(111)을 통해 출사된다.In the liquid crystal display device, light emitted through a backlight (not shown) passes through the first substrate 110 and the pixel electrode 112 via the first polarizing plate 115. . Subsequently, light passing through the pixel electrode 112 passes through the liquid crystal layer 117, the counter electrode 113, the second substrate 118, the second polarizing plate 116, and the color filter layer 114 in order. After that, the light is emitted through the third substrate 111 in a state of being scattered by the scattering layer 119 as indicated by a dotted arrow in the figure.
도 3은 본 발명의 제2실시예를 나타내는 도면으로서, 제2실시예가 제1실시예와 다른 점은, 상기 산란층(119)이 상기 칼라필터(114)와 상기 제2편광판(116) 사이에 형성되므로 상기 칼라필터층(114)을 통과하는 빛은 상기 산란층(119)에 의해 이미 산란된 빛이라는 것이다.3 is a view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the scattering layer 119 is disposed between the color filter 114 and the second polarizing plate 116. Since it is formed in the light passing through the color filter layer 114 is the light already scattered by the scattering layer 119.
도 4는 본 발명의 제3실시예를 나타내는 도면으로서, 제3실시예가 제1 및 제2실시예와 다른 점은, 상기 산란층(119)이 별개로 형성되지 않고 칼라필터층(114')이 산란을 유발시키는 물질과 혼합하여 형성된다는 점이다.FIG. 4 is a view showing a third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment differs from the first and second embodiments in that the scattering layer 119 is not formed separately and the color filter layer 114 ′ is formed. It is formed by mixing with a substance causing scattering.
본 발명의 액정표시소자에 의하면, 상/하 기판 사이에 인가되는 전압에 의해 빛의 투과량을 조절하는 액정층과, 상기 상판 위에 칼라필터층과 산란효과를 일으키는 산란층이 형성된 절연성 기판을 부착하므로써, 시야각 특성 및 밝기 특성이 우수한 액정표시소자를 제공하는 것이 가능하다.According to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, by attaching a liquid crystal layer for controlling the amount of light transmitted by the voltage applied between the upper and lower substrates, and an insulating substrate on which the color filter layer and the scattering layer causing scattering effect are formed, It is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device excellent in viewing angle characteristics and brightness characteristics.
Claims (24)
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| KR1019970022658A KR100290920B1 (en) | 1997-06-02 | 1997-06-02 | Liquid crystal display device having scattering layer and method of manufacturing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100698926B1 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2007-03-23 | 주식회사 케이씨텍 | Substrate coating apparatus |
| KR100813466B1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2008-03-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Display unit |
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| KR950003384B1 (en) * | 1992-06-08 | 1995-04-12 | 삼성전관 주식회사 | Lcd elements |
| JPH0659255A (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-03-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
| JPH08292425A (en) * | 1995-04-21 | 1996-11-05 | Fujitsu Ltd | Liquid crystal display device |
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| KR100813466B1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2008-03-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Display unit |
| KR100698926B1 (en) * | 2005-11-22 | 2007-03-23 | 주식회사 케이씨텍 | Substrate coating apparatus |
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