KR19980073235A - Dry glass shredding, grading, screening and collection methods and apparatus used therein - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for crushing glass products such as glass bottles and grading the obtained crushed glass according to size, screening and collecting the glass products, such as glass bottles, supplied to a glass bottle filling frame. Making; Supplying the glass article to a primary crusher; Crushing the glass article by the primary crusher; Removing metal from the glass article crushed by the primary crusher; Supplying the glass product from which iron fragments have been removed to a final crusher; Supplying the glass product crushed by the final crusher to a sieve device; Sorting the glass article crushed by the final crusher by the sieve apparatus according to the particle size; Collecting the selected glass articles according to the particle size.

Description

Dry glass shredding, grading, screening and collection methods and apparatus used therefor

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for shredding glass articles, such as glass bottles, and more particularly, to a dry method for shredding, grading, screening and collecting glass articles and apparatuses used therein. The crushed glass is crushed into particles having a predetermined size or less by crushing, and the crushed glass is sorted and collected according to the size and grade by grading.

To date, most used glass bottles are transported to crushing plants and broken into pieces of glass. Glass pieces of a certain size (size or diameter of about 2.5 to 5.0 cm) are used as raw materials to make new bottles, but finely crushed are treated as industrial waste and washed with washing water. It is also inefficient to transport used empty glass bottles from locations remote from the recycling plant. Therefore, the waste glass bottles in such a place are virtually recovered and cannot be recycled.

Japanese Patent No. 5-141958 proposes a glass sculpting apparatus for shredding waste glass bottles collected at a liquor store or supermarket to make glass shards and transporting the glass fragments obtained to a bottle manufacturing plant. have. This increases transport efficiency and allows large quantities of glass to be recovered from areas far from glass bottle makers.

As transportation efficiency has increased, it has become possible to recover glass fragments from remote locations in the province, thereby reducing the problems associated with storing maintenance fragments in bottle manufacturing plants. However, at present, transportation costs are increasing, so it is not profitable to carry glass pieces to the bottle manufacturer. As a result, waste glass bottles are not recovered, causing environmental pollution, and wasting resources.

Therefore, the present inventors have studied the reuse of waste glass bottles, and found that finely crushed glass, which is produced when making glass pieces and treated with conventional industrial waste and washed with washing water, can be used as a substitute for natural sand. Found. Natural sand is used as concrete mixtures, color paving materials used for white lines on asphalt roads, various abrasive materials, raw materials for pottery, building materials such as exterior walls, and raw materials for building blocks. Therefore, since there is a great demand for such natural resources, it would be highly desirable to reuse waste glass bottles and the like as substitutes for natural sand.

1 is a schematic side view of a dry glass shredding, grading, screen and collection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention,

2 is a side schematic view of a dry glass shredding, grading, screen and collection device according to a second embodiment of the invention,

3 is a side schematic view of a dry glass shredding, grading, screen and collection device according to a third embodiment of the invention,

4 is a plan view of the device according to the invention mounted on a cargo transport platform of a vehicle,

5 is a plan view of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention mounted on a cargo transport platform of a vehicle,

6 is a plan view of an apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention mounted on a cargo transport platform of a vehicle,

FIG. 7 is a plan view of an apparatus in which only the vehicle portion is omitted in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a modified form of FIG. 7. FIG.

Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided a method and apparatus for crushing glass products such as glass bottles and collecting and screening the obtained crushed glass according to size.

Supplying a glass product, such as a glass bottle, to a glass bottle filling frame;

Supplying the glass article to a primary crusher;

Crushing the glass article in the primary crusher;

Removing iron from the glass article crushed by the primary crusher;

Supplying the resultant glass product to a final crusher;

Supplying the glass product crushed by the final crusher to a sieve device;

Sorting the glass article crushed by the final crusher by the sieve apparatus according to the particle size;

Collecting the selected glass articles according to the particle size.

Other objects and features of the present invention can be seen more clearly from the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily make various changes and modifications within the scope of the present invention.

1 schematically shows a dry glass shredding, grading, screen and collection device 10 according to a first embodiment of the invention. In this apparatus 10, glass products 12, such as waste glass bottles, are supplied to a glass product filling frame 14. The glass article 12 supplied to the glass product filling frame 14 is conveyed to the first or primary shredder 18 by a first conveyor 16 which is driven by a drive source such as an electric motor. The primary crusher 18 is composed of a receiving unit 20 for receiving crushed glass products, a crushing unit 22 and a transition unit 24. The reception unit 20 is a hopper that receives the glass product 12 transferred by the first conveyor 16. Inside the crushing unit 22 is a rotor for crushing the glass product 12 falling from the receiving unit 20. The glass article 12 crushed by the crushing part 22 falls into the transition part 24. Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1, a sorter 26 is provided between the shredding part 22 and the transition part 24. The sorter 26 sorts pieces of glass that are not shredded by the shredder 18 or larger than a predetermined size, such as paper such as shredded labels attached to the bottle by the shredder 18, caps made of metal and cork, or the like. Discharge from the crusher 18. When the glass product is washed with water and the label or cap is removed in advance, the use of the separator 26 may be omitted.

The articles that are crushed and collected in the transition unit 24 are supplied to the second conveyor 30 through the magnetic sorting conveyor 28. Pieces of metal such as caps mixed in these crushed articles are attracted to the magnetic sorting conveyor 28 and finally accommodated in the metal receiving container 32. The article supplied to the second conveyor 30 via the magnetic sorting conveyor 28 is sent to the secondary crusher 34 (in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the final crusher). The secondary crusher 34 sorts the receiving unit 36 for receiving the goods transferred through the second conveyor, the crushing unit 38 for crushing the goods finely, and the crushed goods according to the particle size. It consists of a transition part 40 for implementing the sorted goods. The receiving unit 36 is a hopper that receives the goods crushed by the primary crusher 18 and transferred by the second conveyor 30. Inside the shredder 22, there is a rotor for finely shredding the article supplied from the receiver 36. Compared to the rotor in the crusher 22 of the primary crusher 18, the space between the blades of the rotor of the present crusher 38 is narrower and / or has a faster rotational speed than the primary crusher 18. Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, two rotors are provided for finely crushing the glass. A dust collector 42 is connected to the crushed portion 38 to remove the finely crushed glass powder or the dust generated when the rotor rotates at high speed from the crushed portion 38. The glass product crushed by the crushing part 38 falls to the transition part 40. A sieve device 41 having a plurality of sieves and having a plurality of sieves forming a plurality of stages is provided in the transition part 40. The sieves typically vibrate to increase the efficiency of the sieve device 41.

Finely crushed glassware produced by the crushing portion 38 is transferred to the multi-stage sieve device 41, vibrating and sorted according to the size of the sieve. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sieve size or mesh is about 5.0 mm in the top or first stage, about 2.5 mm in the next stage and about 1.0 mm in the bottom or final stage. The crushed glass having a size of 5.0 mm or more that does not pass through the top sieve is supplied to the recovery conveyor 44 and crushed again by the secondary crusher 34. Crushed glass of size 2.5-5.0 mm that has passed through the top sieve but not through the next sieve is collected in the vessel 46. This sized crushed glass has a circular crushed surface and is particularly available as a sand substitute for walkways. A crushed glass of size 1.0-2.5 mm that passed through the two stage sieve but did not pass through the next sieve is collected in the vessel 48. Crushed glass of this size can be used as an asphalt mixture. The crushed glass or glass powder having a size of 1.0 mm or less having passed through the final sieve is collected in the container 50. Glass powder having a size of 1.0 mm or less can be used as a building material, an abrasive or a road pavement.

Material that has not passed through any sieve of sieve device 41 is collected in vessel 52. The material collected in the vessel 52 is sent to the recovery conveyor 44, similar to the materials that did not pass through the first stage.

The material conveyed by the recovery conveyor 44 is sent to the paper sorter 54. The paper sorter 54 assists the paper sorter 26 so that paper which has not been removed by the paper sorter 26 is mainly separated from the glass by the secondary shredder 34 and the sieve device 41. This paper sorter 54 removes the remaining paper. The material that has passed through the paper sorter 54 is sent to the secondary shredder 34. The paper sorter 54 may be omitted as described above, in which case the material conveyed by the recovery conveyor 44 is sent to the secondary shredder 34. By crushing repeatedly, the crushed particles can be classified into three types according to the particle size.

2 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In the crushing, grading, screening and collecting device 60 shown in this figure, the entire apparatus including the primary crusher and the secondary crusher is arranged vertically and housed in the process tower 62, so that the required ground is reduced. It differs from the apparatus 10 of 1st Embodiment in the point. In the process tower 62, the reception hopper 64, the primary crusher 66, the sorting part 68, the secondary crusher 70, the vibrating sieve apparatus 72, etc. are provided. Outside the process tower 62, a first conveyor for transporting the glass product from the glass product reception frame 76 and the glass product reception frame 76 for receiving glass products such as waste glass bottles to the process tower 62 ( 78), the platform 80 for the worker to work.

In the crushing, grading, screening and collecting device 60 of FIG. 2, glassware 74, such as waste glass bottles, is supplied to the glassware filling frame 76. The glassware 74 supplied to the glassware filling frame 76 is placed on top of the process tower 62 by a first conveyor 78 driven by a drive source (not shown) such as a conventional electric motor or the like. To the receiving hopper 64. The glass product 74 is sent from the receiving hopper 64 to the primary crusher 66. The primary shredder 66 has a rotor 84 driven by a drive source 82, such as an electric motor, similar to the primary shredder 18 of FIG. 1 and receives the glassware 74 falling from the hopper 64. It acts to break up. The glass products crushed by the primary crusher 66 are sent to the sorting unit 68. In the sorting unit 68, a cap formed from paper, metal, cork, etc., such as a label attached to a glass bottle crushed by the primary crusher 66, the crusher is not sufficiently crushed by the primary crusher 66 to a size larger than a predetermined standard The glass fragments discharged from the primary crusher 66 are picked out. The label and the like are discharged out of the system. When the glass product is washed in advance and labels and caps are removed, the sorting unit 68 may be omitted.

The crushed glass product passing through the sorting unit 68 is supplied to the secondary crusher 70 through the magnetic sorting conveyor 86. Magnetic sorting conveyor 86 inductively attaches metal, such as a cap of a bottle, among the shredded articles, which are housed in an iron scrap receiving container. The glassware to be crushed is then sent to the secondary crusher 70 through the magnetic sorting conveyor 86 and finally crushed. As in the first embodiment, the spacing between the blades in the rotor in the secondary shredder 70 is narrower than the rotor in the shredding portion 84 of the primary shredder 66 and / or the rotational speed is the primary shredder 66. Faster than In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 two rotors are provided for finely crushing the glass.

Similar to the first embodiment, a dust collector is connected to the secondary crusher 70 to remove finely crushed glass powder or dust generated when the rotor rotates at high speed. The glass product produced by the crushing in the secondary crusher 70 is supplied to the vibrating sieve device 72. Sieve device 72 is of a plurality of sieves having a variety of specifications, and forms a multi-stage, similar to that used for harvesting and threshing combining device in agriculture.

The crushed glass products supplied to the vibrating sieve device 72 are classified according to the size of the sieve. As in the first embodiment, the sieve device 72 includes a top sieve having a mesh size of about 5.0 mm, an intermediate sieve having a mesh size of about 2.5 mm, and a bottom sieve having a mesh size of about 1.0 mm. The crushed glass of 5.0 mm or more that does not pass through the top sieve is supplied to the recovery conveyor 90 and crushed again by the secondary crusher 70. Glass powder of size 2.5-5.0 mm that passed through the top sieve but not the intermediate was collected in the container 92. This sized crushed glass has a circular crushed surface and is particularly available as a sand substitute for paving. Crushed glass of size 1.0-2.5 mm that passed through the two stage sieve but failed to pass the final sieve is collected in the container 94. Shredded glass of this size is particularly usable as asphalt mixtures. The crushed glass or glass powder of 1.0 mm or less in size that passed through the final sieve is collected in the container 96. Glass powder having a size of 1.0 mm or less can be used as a building material, an abrasive or a road pavement. Material that has not passed through any sieve of sieve device 72 is collected in vessel 98. The glass products collected in this container 98 are supplied to a recovery conveyor 90. As the recovery conveyor 90, a bucket conveyor is preferable.

The crushed glass product conveyed by the recovery conveyor 90 is conveyed to the upper part of the magnetic sorting conveyor 86. However, it is also possible to convey directly to the secondary crusher 70. Furthermore, the paper may be conveyed to the sorting unit 68 to separate the paper from the crushed glass product in which paper such as a label is attached and the passage of the uppermost sieve is prevented. The crushed glass product conveyed by the recovery conveyor 90 is crushed again by the secondary crusher 70. By repeating the shredding operation, the shredded particles can be classified into three types according to the particle size.

The embodiment of FIG. 3 is substantially similar to the second embodiment, except that the first conveyor 78 is replaced with the bucket conveyor 108, further reducing the required ground. In particular, the shredding, grading, screening and collecting device 100 shown in FIG. 3 is characterized by a process tower 102, glass products 104 such as waste glass bottles, which are almost similar to the process tower 62 in the second embodiment. A glass filling frame 106 for receiving, a bucket-type first conveyor 110 for supplying glass products to the process tower 102, and a glass product (from the glass filling frame 106 to the first conveyor 108). 104) a feed conveyor 110 for sending.

In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, glassware 104, such as waste glass bottles, is supplied to the glassware filling frame 106. The glass article 104 is supplied to the lower filling opening (not shown in the drawing) of the bucket conveyor 108 by a horizontal conveyor 110 driven by a drive source (not shown) such as a conventional electric motor. When filling a glass product by providing a hopper below the bucket conveyor 108, the glass product filling frame 106 and the horizontal conveyor 110 may be omitted, thereby further reducing the required ground. The glassware 104 supplied to the bucket conveyor 108 is sent to a receiving hopper 64a similar to the hopper 64 of the second embodiment, followed by a primary crusher 66a which is almost similar to each device of the second embodiment. And the sorting portion 68a, the magnetic sorting conveyor 86a, the secondary crusher 70a, the vibrating sieve device 72a, and the like. Thus, crushed glass products can be classified according to particle size. The crushed glass of a predetermined size or more is recovered by the recovery conveyor 90a, repeated and crushed, as in the second embodiment. In FIG. 3, 112 denotes a platform and 114 denotes a crutch.

Although the secondary shredder is the final shredder in the above embodiments, one or more auxiliary shredders may be further provided at the time of the primary shredder and the final shredder, and an import and transfer conveyor may be provided for each auxiliary conveyor, respectively. The mesh size and number of sieves can be adjusted according to the intended use of the end product.

Although the above embodiments are mass-produced devices fixed to the ground or floor, they may be reduced in size and mounted on the cargo transport platform A of the vehicle B as shown in FIG. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, the glass product filling frame 14, the primary crusher 22, the secondary crusher 38, and the paper sorter 54 are arranged before and after, so that the glass product is turned upward and forward. Conveyed from the glass filling frame 14 to the primary crushing part 22 by the photographic conveyor 16a, and conveyed to the paper sorter 54 by the rear upwardly inclined conveyor 28a, and again to the front upwardly inclined conveyor. It is conveyed to the secondary crusher 38 by the 30a. The conveyor marked 41a is a rear upwardly inclined recovery conveyor. As shown in FIG. 5, the glass filling frame 14 and the secondary shredding portion 38 are arranged in parallel, and the primary shredder 22 and the paper sorter 54 are arranged in parallel, and these components are arranged in FIG. 4. It can be interconnected by conveyors 16a, 28a, 30b and 44b having the same function as those shown. It is also possible to replace the device shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 with the device shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in which case a glass filling frame 76, a primary shredder 72, a secondary shredder 70 and vibrations. The sieve device 72 is arranged in a straight line and is connected by mutually rearward upwardly inclined conveyors 78c and 86c, with a similar effect. Furthermore, FIG. 8 shows that the glass filling frame 76, the primary shredder 72, the secondary shredder 70 and the vibrating sieve device 72 are arranged in a U-shape, by mutual conveyors 78d and 86d. Another embodiment that is connected is shown. A workspace S is provided around the glassware filling frame 76.

The stationary device shown in FIGS. 1-3 is large in size and excellent in performance. Therefore, it is possible to collect waste glass bottles and the like in each region including a remote place, and to store the large amount of generated glass sand in a constant storage and then transfer it to a place of use. On the other hand, since the apparatus shown in Figs. 4 to 8 can be mounted and moved in a vehicle such as a truck, there is no need to transport waste glass bottles from a distance and provide a storage for storing the generated glass sand, thereby reducing the transportation cost. have.

In these embodiments, a metal remover may be provided between the primary crusher and the secondary crusher, but if necessary, such metal remover may be omitted and the primary crusher and the secondary crusher may be directly connected. Such an arrangement is advantageous when mounted on a vehicle.

As described in detail above, the present invention overcomes the problems of the prior art glass slicing apparatus, which effectively recycles waste glass bottles, but disposes most of the fine glass as industrial waste. According to the present invention, the glass products are finely crushed than the glass pieces, and can be used as a substitute for natural sand used in asphalt pavements, building materials, abrasive materials, road pavements, and the like, depending on the particle size.

Claims (14)

As a method of crushing glass products such as glass bottles, and crushing the obtained crushed glass according to the size, screening and collecting, Supplying glass articles 12, 74, 104, such as glass bottles, to glass filling frames 14, 76, 106; Feeding the glass article (12, 74, 104) to a primary shredder (18, 66); Crushing the glass article by the primary crushers (18, 66); Removing metal from the glass articles (12, 74, 104) crushed by the primary crushers (18, 66); Feeding the glass article (12, 74, 104) from which the metal has been removed to a final crusher (34, 70); Supplying the glass article 12, 74, 104 crushed by the final shredder 34, 70 to a sieve device 41, 72; Sorting the glass article crushed by the final crusher by the sieve device (41, 72) according to the particle size; And A method of crushing, grading, screening and collecting glassware, comprising collecting the glassware screened according to particle size. The method of claim 1, And crushing the glass product having particles of a predetermined size or more and returning the crushed glass product to the crusher (34, 70) and repeatedly crushing. An apparatus (10, 60, 100) for sorting and collecting crushed glass obtained by crushing a glass product such as a glass bottle according to size, Glassware filling frames 14, 76, 106 for accepting glassware 12, 74, 104, such as glass bottles; A first conveyor (16, 78, 108) for transferring the glass article (12, 74, 104) from the glass filling frame (14, 76, 106) to a primary shredder (18, 66); A rotor provided in the primary shredder (18, 66) to break the glass article (12, 74, 104) into particles of a predetermined size or less; A magnetic separation conveyor for removing metal from glass products crushed by the rotor; Final conveyors (30, 70) for transferring the glass products from which the iron pieces have been removed to final shredders (34, 70); Sieve means (41, 72) for sorting the crushed glass articles according to particle size; An accumulating container for accumulating the crushed glass article according to the particle size; A recovery conveyor for supplying a glass product having a predetermined particle size or more to the paper sorter; And And a paper sorter for classifying the glass products supplied from the recovery conveyor into glass products and paper and supplying the glass products to the final conveyor. The method of claim 3, And the recovery conveyor is operable to return the glass product of a predetermined size or more to a next crusher. The method of claim 3, And the magnetic separation conveyor supplies the glass products crushed by the primary crusher to a next crusher. The method of claim 3, Wherein the glass filling frame, the primary crusher and the secondary crusher are connected laterally through the first conveyor and the magnetic sorting conveyor. The method of claim 3, Said primary crusher, said secondary crusher and said sieve means being vertically connected through said magnetic sorting conveyor. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 7, A label sorter is fed to the bottom of the primary shredder, the device for shredding, sorting and collecting glassware. The method of claim 7, wherein A device for crushing, sorting and collecting glassware, wherein glassware, such as glass bottles, is fed from the glassware filling frame to the primary crusher via a conveying conveyor. The method of claim 7, wherein And a glass product, such as a glass bottle, is fed from the glass product filling frame to the primary crusher via a bucket conveyor. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 10, And the final crusher is a secondary crusher. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 11, An apparatus for crushing, sorting and collecting glassware, characterized in that an auxiliary crusher is provided between the primary crusher and the final crusher. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 12, Apparatus for crushing, sorting and collecting glassware, characterized in that the device is mounted on a movable vehicle. A device for sorting and collecting crushed glass obtained by crushing glass products such as glass bottles according to size, A glass filling frame for receiving a glass product such as a glass bottle; A first conveyor for transferring the glass article from the glass article filling frame to a primary shredder; A rotor provided in the primary crusher to break the glass article into particles of a predetermined size or less; A second conveyor for transferring the glass article to a secondary crusher; Sieve means for sorting the crushed glass article according to particle size; An accumulating container for accumulating the crushed glass article according to the particle size; And An apparatus for crushing, sorting, and collecting glassware, comprising a recovery conveyor for feeding glassware of a predetermined particle size or more to the secondary crusher.