KR19980051109A - Laser beam welding machine for automobile body bottom - Google Patents

Laser beam welding machine for automobile body bottom Download PDF

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Publication number
KR19980051109A
KR19980051109A KR1019960069974A KR19960069974A KR19980051109A KR 19980051109 A KR19980051109 A KR 19980051109A KR 1019960069974 A KR1019960069974 A KR 1019960069974A KR 19960069974 A KR19960069974 A KR 19960069974A KR 19980051109 A KR19980051109 A KR 19980051109A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
welding
laser beam
welding head
flexible
head
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KR1019960069974A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100249699B1 (en
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정창호
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박병재
현대자동차 주식회사
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Priority to KR1019960069974A priority Critical patent/KR100249699B1/en
Publication of KR19980051109A publication Critical patent/KR19980051109A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B23K26/244—Overlap seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
    • B23K26/0869—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction
    • B23K26/0876—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions
    • B23K26/0884—Devices involving movement of the laser head in at least one axial direction in at least two axial directions in at least in three axial directions, e.g. manipulators, robots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/006—Vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels

Abstract

본 발명의 목적은 용접되는 2장의 패널사이의 틈새를 레이저 용접 가능한 허용 범위내로 줄일수 있으며 부재의 비틀림을 방지할 뿐 아니라 고르지 않은 표면을 갖는 용접부재의 용접도 가능한 자동차 차체패널 용접용의 레이저 빔 용접기를 제공하는 데 있다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to reduce the gap between two panels to be welded within the allowable range for laser welding, and to prevent the twisting of the members, as well as to weld the welding member having an uneven surface, and the laser beam for automobile body panel welding. To provide a welder.

상기한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 로보트 팔에 의하여 움직이는 용접헤드와, 상기 용접헤드 하방에 설치되는 플렉시블 빔 가이드와, 상기 플렉시블 빔 가이드를 통하여 용접헤드의 가압력을 전달받는 지지부재와, 상기 지지부재의 양단에 회전가능하게 장착되어 용접부재의 표면을 가압하는 전후방 가압로울러와, 상기 플렉시블 빔 가이드의 중공부를 통하여 용접부에 레이저 빔을 조사하도록 용접헤드에 구비되는 레이저 빔 조사기와를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a welding head which is moved by a robot arm, a flexible beam guide installed below the welding head, a support member receiving a pressing force of the welding head through the flexible beam guide, and the support. And a laser beam irradiator which is rotatably mounted at both ends of the member to pressurize the surface of the welding member, and a laser beam irradiator provided at the welding head to irradiate the laser beam to the welding portion through the hollow portion of the flexible beam guide. It is characterized by.

Description

자동차의 차체 용접용 레이저 빔 용접기Laser beam welder for body welding of automobiles

본 발명은 자동차의 차체 용접용 레이저 빔 용접기에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a laser beam welder for automobile body welding.

최근 얇은 2장의 패널 사이의 용접은 스포트 용접 대신에 정밀용접이 가능한 레이저 빔 용접을 많이 시행하고 있으며 특히 라인의 자동화가 많이 진행된 자동차 조립 공장에서의 차체 패널 용접에 많이 사용되고 있다.Recently, two thin panels are used for laser beam welding, which enables precision welding instead of spot welding, and is particularly used for body panel welding in automobile assembly plants where the automation of lines is advanced.

그런데 자동차의 차체 조립 공정에 레이저 용접을 적용하기 위해서는 용착되어 2개의 패널 사이의 틈새가 대략 0.3㎜ 이내가 되도록 밀착되지 아니하면 용접이 되지 아니하게 된다.However, in order to apply laser welding to an automobile body assembly process, welding is not performed unless the welding is performed so that the gap between the two panels is within about 0.3 mm.

이 때문에 레이저 빔 용접을 실시하기 위해서는 2매의 패널 사이의 틈새형성을 없애주기 위하여 가압시켜주지 아니하면 안되는 바 종래의 가압방식으로는 도 5에 도시하는 것과 같이 가압로울러(20)에 의한 가압방식인 볼보사(Volvo사)의 PRD(Pressure Ro1ler Device) 방식과 일본업체에서 개발한 크램프(30) 협지 방식(도6참조)이 세계적으로 널리 사용되고 있다.For this reason, in order to perform laser beam welding, it must be pressurized in order to eliminate the gap formation between two panels. As a conventional pressurization method, as shown in FIG. 5, the pressurization method by the pressurizing roller 20 is shown. Volvo Corp.'s PRD (Pressure Ro1ler Device) method and clamping system (30) clamping method developed by a Japanese company are widely used worldwide.

그러나 전자인 가압로울러(20) 방식은 용접헤드(21) 일측으로 아암(22)을 돌출시기고 아암(22)의 단부에 가압로울러(20)를 설치하여 그 로울러(20)로 하여금 용접 진행부 앞쪽의 용접부재(23, 패널)를 누르는 상태에서 레이점 빔 조사기(24)를 통해 레이저 빔(25)을 조사하여 바느질 형상으로 용접을 하게 되므로써 용접 진행방향의 앞쪽만을 가압하게 되는 데 따라 균일한 가압이 불가능하여 비틀림 현상이 발생하게 되며 또한 구조상 안정되지 못함으로써 품질불량을 유발하게 되는 문제점이 있다.However, in the former pressure roller 20 method, the arm 22 protrudes toward one side of the welding head 21 and the pressure roller 20 is installed at the end of the arm 22 to allow the roller 20 to weld. In the state of pressing the front welding member 23, the panel is irradiated with a laser beam 25 through the ray point beam irradiator 24 to weld in a stitch shape, so as to press only the front side of the welding progress direction. There is a problem that the pressurization is not possible to cause a torsional phenomenon and also the quality is not stable by the structural stability.

또한 후자의 클램프(30) 방식은 용접부재(30)의 양측 표면에서 압착력을 가하여 협지한 후 공간부(32)를 통하여 노출된 부위에 용접을 실시하게 되므로 구조적으로 용접부위가 평판이어야 가능하며 클램프(30)가 대형화되면 작업시간(Cycletime)이 길어기는 문제점으로 효율적이지 못하다.In addition, the latter clamp 30 is applied by clamping force on both surfaces of the welding member 30, and then the welding is performed on the exposed portion through the space portion 32, so that the welding portion can be a flat plate structurally. If 30 is enlarged, it is not efficient because of the problem that the work time is long.

이에 본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 감안하여 제안된 것으로서 그의 목적으로 하는 것은 용접되는 2장의 패널사이의 틈새를 레이저 용접 가능한 허용 범위내로 줄일수 있으며 부재의 비틀림을 방지할 뿐 아니라 고르지 않은 표면을 갖는 용접부재의 용접도 가능한 자동차 차체패널 용접용의 레이저 빔 용접기를 제공하는 데 있다.Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and its object is to reduce the gap between the two panels to be welded within the allowable range for laser welding and to prevent twisting of the members as well as welding having an uneven surface. The present invention provides a laser beam welding machine for welding a vehicle body panel that can also weld members.

상기한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 로보트 팔에 의하여 움직이는 용접헤드와, 상기 용접헤드 하방에 설치되는 플렉시블 빔 가이드와, 상기 플렉시블 빔 가이드를 통하여 용접헤드의 가압력을 전달받는 지지부재와, 상기 지지부재의 양단에 회전가능하게 장착되어 용접부재의 표면을 가압하는 전후방 가압로울러와, 상기 플렉시블 빔 가이드의 중공부를 통하여 용접부에 레이저 빔을 조사하도록 용접헤드에 구비되는 레이저 빔 조사기와를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a welding head which is moved by a robot arm, a flexible beam guide installed below the welding head, a support member receiving a pressing force of the welding head through the flexible beam guide, and the support. And a laser beam irradiator which is rotatably mounted at both ends of the member to pressurize the surface of the welding member, and a laser beam irradiator provided at the welding head to irradiate the laser beam to the welding portion through the hollow portion of the flexible beam guide. It is characterized by.

도 1 은 본 발명에 의한 레이저 빔 용접기의 사시도1 is a perspective view of a laser beam welding machine according to the present invention

도 2 는 본 발명에 의한 레이저 빔 용접기의 정면도2 is a front view of the laser beam welding machine according to the present invention.

도 3 은 본 발명 용접기의 좌측면도3 is a left side view of the welding machine of the present invention;

도 4 는 본 발명 용접기의 우측면도4 is a right side view of the present invention welder

도 5 와 도 6 은 종래기술5 and 6 are the prior art

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 용접헤드 2 : 플렉시블 빔 가이드1: welding head 2: flexible beam guide

3 : 지지부재 4, 5 : 가압로울러3: support member 4, 5: press roller

6 : 중공부 7 : 레이저 빔6 hollow part 7 laser beam

9 : 레이저 빔 조사기 10, 10' : 용접부재9: laser beam irradiator 10, 10 ': welding member

11: 구멍 12 : 용접비드부11: hole 12: weld bead

13 : 요홈13: groove

이하 본 발명의 구성과 작용을 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 레이저 빔 용접기를 나타내는 사시도이며, 도 2는 본 발명 용접기의 A-A 단면도이다.1 is a perspective view showing a laser beam welding machine according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the welding machine of the present invention.

도면중 부호1은 도시하지 아니한 로보트 팔에 의해 움직임이 제어되는 용접헤드이며 용접헤드(1) 하부에는 플렉시블 빔 가이드(2)가 장착되어 있다.Reference numeral 1 in the drawings denotes a welding head whose movement is controlled by a robot arm (not shown), and a flexible beam guide 2 is mounted below the welding head 1.

플렉시블 빔 가이드(2)는 굽힘 탄성이 있어 전후좌우로 약간씩 움직임이 허용되는 것이라면 어느 것이나 무방하며 예를들면 코일스프링을 사용할 수 있다.The flexible beam guide 2 may have any bending elasticity, so that any movement of the flexible beam guide 2 may be allowed to move slightly back, front, left, and right. For example, a coil spring may be used.

상기 플렉시블 빔 가이드(2)의 하단에는 길이가 긴 막대형상의 지지부재(3)가 고정장착되며 지지부재(3)의 양단, 즉 전후방에는 전후방 가압로울러(4)(5)가 회전가능하게 장착되어 있다.A long rod-shaped support member 3 is fixedly mounted on the lower end of the flexible beam guide 2, and front and rear pressure rollers 4 and 5 are rotatably mounted at both ends of the support member 3. It is.

그리고, 상기 용접헤드(1) 하부에는 플렉시블 빔 가이드(2)의 중공부(6)를 통하여 레이점 빔(7)을 조사하는 레이저 빔 조사기(9)가 장착되며 레이저 빔 조사기(9)로부터 조사되는 레이저 빔(7)이 용접부재(10)에 도달하도록 지지부재(3)에 구멍(11)이 형성되어 있다.In addition, a lower portion of the welding head 1 is equipped with a laser beam irradiator 9 for irradiating the ray point beam 7 through the hollow 6 of the flexible beam guide 2 and irradiates from the laser beam irradiator 9. A hole 11 is formed in the support member 3 so that the laser beam 7 to reach the welding member 10.

또한, 상기 용접헤드(1)가 수평으로 이동하면서 용접할 때 용접비드부(12)에의 간섭을 피하기 위해 후방로울러(5)에 요홈(13)이 형성되어 있다.In addition, a recess 13 is formed in the rear roller 5 to avoid interference with the welding bead portion 12 when the welding head 1 is welded while moving horizontally.

이와같은 본 발명은 용접기의 로보트 팔이 구동되어 용접헤드(1)를 용접부재(10)에 올려놓고 가압하면(또는 용접헤드 중량에 의한 가압이어도 무방) 그 가압력이 코일스프링인 플렉시블 빔 가이드(2)를 통하여 지지부재(3)에 전달되고 지지부재(3)는 다시 그의 양측의 전후방 가압로울러(4)(5)를 통하여 용접부재(10)를 가압하여 2매의 패널(10)(10') 사이의 틈새를 없애게 된다.According to the present invention, when the robot arm of the welding machine is driven and the welding head 1 is placed on the welding member 10 and pressurized (or may be pressurized by the weight of the welding head), the pressing force is a coil spring (2). Is transmitted to the support member (3), and the support member (3) presses the welding member (10) through the front and back pressure rollers (4) and (5) on both sides thereof, thereby providing two panels (10) (10 '). ) To eliminate the gap between.

따라서 2매의 패널이 용접이 이루어지는 부분을 포함한 전후의 일정구간, 즉 전후방 가압로울러(4)(5) 사이의 구간이 균일하게 압착되어지게 된다.Therefore, a certain section before and after including a portion where the two panels are welded, that is, a section between the front and rear press rollers 4 and 5 is uniformly compressed.

이상태에서 용접헤드(1)에서 레이저 빔(7)이 발사되면 레이저 빔 조사기(9)를 통해 용접부재(10)에 레이저 빔이 닿아서 2장의 패널(10)(10')을 용착하게 되며 이때 용접헤드는 일정속도로 전방으로 이동하면서 레이저 빔의 조사를 일정시간과 간격마다 단속적으로 조사하여 마치 바느질 형상으로 접합시키게 되는 것이다.In this state, when the laser beam 7 is fired from the welding head 1, the laser beam reaches the welding member 10 through the laser beam irradiator 9 to weld two panels 10 and 10 '. The welding head moves forward at a constant speed and irradiates the laser beam intermittently at a predetermined time and at intervals so as to be joined in a sewing shape.

한편 용접헤드(1)가 이송되면서 용접하는 도중 용접부재(10)의 표면이 직선의 평면의 아니라하더라도 코일스프링(2)에 의해 가압로울러(4)(5)가 상하로 움직이면서 이를 흡수하여 가압하게 되므로 용접헤드(1)가 상하로 요동되어 용접 불안정을 유발하는 일이 없게 된다.Meanwhile, even though the surface of the welding member 10 is not a straight plane during welding while the welding head 1 is transferred, the pressure rollers 4 and 5 move up and down by the coil spring 2 to absorb and pressurize them. Therefore, the welding head 1 is swung up and down so that welding instability is not caused.

본 발명은 자동차의 차체패널 용접의 경우에 대하여 설명하였으나 이에 한정되는 것은 아니고 2장의 부재를 레이저 용착시키는 것이라면 용도에 불문하고 적용되는 것임을 밝힌다.The present invention has been described with respect to the case of car body panel welding of the automobile, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the laser welding of two members reveals that the present invention is applicable regardless of the use.

이상과 같은 본 발명은 용접헤드 하부에 플렉시블 빔 가이드와 지지부재 및 지지부재 양단에 가압로울러를 설치하고 레이저 빔은 플렉시블 빔 가이드의 중공부를 통하여 용접부재에 도달하도록 하는 것에 의해서 용접이 이루어지고 있는 부분을 포함해서 전후 일정간격이 고르게 가압력이 작용하여 용접부재(2배의 패널)가 밀착하게 되므로 가압력 불균일에 의한 용접부의 비틀림 발생이 제거되며 코일스프링인 플렉시블 빔 가이드가 용접부재의 고르지 못한 높낮이를 흡수하게 되어 용접헤드의 흔들림이 방지되므로써 용접 품질이 향상되며 용접시간이 단축되는 효과가있다.According to the present invention as described above, the welding beam is formed by installing a flexible beam guide, a support member, and a pressure roller at both ends of the support head, and allowing the laser beam to reach the welding member through the hollow portion of the flexible beam guide. The welding force (double panel) is in close contact with the pressing force evenly before and after a predetermined interval, including the torsion, which eliminates the torsion of the weld due to the pressure unevenness, and the flexible spring guide of the coil spring absorbs the uneven height of the welding member. Since the welding head is prevented from shaking, the welding quality is improved and the welding time is shortened.

Claims (4)

로보트 팔에 의하여 움직이는 용접헤드와, 상기 용접헤드 하방에 설치되는 플렉시블 빔 가이드와, 상기 플렉시블 가이드를 통하여 용접헤드의 가압력을 전달받는 지지부재와, 상기 자지부재의 양단에 회전가능하게 장착되어 용접부재의 표면을 가압하는 전후방 가압로울러와, 상기 플렉시블 빔 가이드의 중공부를 통하여 용접부에 레이저 빔을 조사하도록 용접헤드에 구비되는 레이저 빔 조사기와를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 차체용접용 레이저 빔 용접기.A welding head moved by a robot arm, a flexible beam guide installed below the welding head, a support member receiving a pressing force of the welding head through the flexible guide, and rotatably mounted at both ends of the magnetic member. And a front and rear pressurizing roller for pressing the surface of the laser beam, and a laser beam irradiator provided at the welding head to irradiate the laser beam to the welding portion through the hollow portion of the flexible beam guide. welding machine. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 플렉시블 빔 가이드는 코일스프링인 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 차체 용접용 례이저 빔 용접기.8. The welder beam welder of claim 1, wherein the flexible beam guide is a coil spring. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 기지부재에는 용접헤드로부터 조사되는 레이저 빔의 통과를 허용하는 구멍이 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 차체용접용 레이저 빔 용접기.2. The laser beam welding machine for automobile body welding according to claim 1, wherein the base member is formed with a hole for allowing passage of the laser beam irradiated from the welding head. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 후방로울러는 용접헤드의 이동에 따라 용접비드부를 지나게 될 때 용접비드부와 간섭하지 않고 통과되도록 요흠이 형성되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 자동차의 차체용접용 레이저 빔 용접기.2. The laser beam welding machine for automobile body welding according to claim 1, wherein the rear roller is formed to pass without interference with the welding bead part when the rear roller passes the welding bead part as the welding head moves.
KR1019960069974A 1996-12-23 1996-12-23 Laser beam welding equipment for car welding KR100249699B1 (en)

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KR100799076B1 (en) * 2007-01-12 2008-01-28 창원대학교 산학협력단 The junction method of the diffrent kind pipe which uses a laser welding

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FR2884448B1 (en) * 2005-04-18 2009-02-06 Renault Sas METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING LASER WELDING BY TRANSPARENCY OF SHEETS COVERED WITH A PROCESS LAYER
KR100846658B1 (en) 2007-05-09 2008-07-16 한국기계연구원 Laser welding zig for joinning thin plate and micro parts
CN105562927A (en) * 2015-11-20 2016-05-11 江门市宏乔新材料科技有限公司江海区分公司 Welding machine with rotatable laser welding head

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JPS614877U (en) * 1984-06-15 1986-01-13 三菱重工業株式会社 welding equipment
KR930004333Y1 (en) * 1990-12-27 1993-07-12 포항종합제철 주식회사 Laser welding device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100799076B1 (en) * 2007-01-12 2008-01-28 창원대학교 산학협력단 The junction method of the diffrent kind pipe which uses a laser welding

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