KR19980027853A - How to Display Pop-on of Selective Subtitle Broadcasting - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pop-on display method of a receiving apparatus for receiving a viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting in which subtitle information is inserted and transmitted in an arbitrary horizontal line which does not affect the broadcast signal in every field of the television signal. Extracting a caption signal from the signal; Determining a reception storage control code from the extracted caption signal; Storing the received metabolism information and control information in the reception buffer until the screen display control code is determined in response to the reception storage control code; Pop-on display on the screen the dialogue information stored in the receiving buffer in response to the screen display control code.

Description

How to Display Pop-on of Selective Subtitle Broadcasting

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a caption broadcasting method and a receiving method, and more particularly, to a popon display method of a viewer-selective caption broadcasting that can display an actor's dialogue with an actor on a same screen.

The closed captioning method in television broadcasting includes an open caption method for superimposing news or notifications by the broadcaster's selection without supervising the viewer by superimposing a caption signal on the active section of the television signal, and a non-active section of the television signal. In other words, when a caption signal is transmitted in a vertical blanking section, there is a closed caption method in which a television screen and dialogue contents can be viewed as captions by a viewer's selection.

Closed captioning closed captioning has been implemented since 1978 in the United States for the hearing-impaired without the sign language, and is also very useful for foreign language learning.

US Pat. No. 5,294,982, published in March 1994, discloses a closed caption broadcasting method of Roman characters and syllable characters. In particular, the captioning method of Korean is explained in detail. In the invention of the U.S. patent, in order to broadcast Korean in a closed caption method, a Korean character is divided into each phoneme of a consonant, a neutral, and a consonant, and an ASC II code corresponding to each phoneme is transmitted. Korean characters are displayed by mapping, neutral and final.

Since the conventional Korean closed caption method uses at least 2 to 3 bytes to represent a Korean character, the transmission speed and display speed are slow, and the decoding process is required to find the position of one character by combining 3 to 4 bytes in the decoding process. There was a problem that the processing was complicated. The complexity of the decoding process raises the cost of the decoder. This causes a problem of increasing the cost of the decoder, which millions of viewers have to pay in comparison to the encoder that is required only by broadcasting stations.

In addition, simultaneous display of Chinese characters, Korean, Japanese, and English, Russian, and Greek was impossible, and special symbols could not be displayed.

In addition, since the control code is required to display the dialogue information in the middle of displaying the supplementary information and display the supplementary information again, there is no independence between the dialogue information and the supplementary information, and a control system for distinguishing the display mode of the dialogue information is provided. If the display mode control code is not received at the time when the receiver starts to operate, the metabolic information cannot be displayed until the next control code is received.

In addition, the above-mentioned invention was developed based on the television transmission environment of the United States, that is, the geographical environment with a lot of flat land. Therefore, in the geographical environment of Korea where the mountain area is 70% or more, the reception state of the receiver is poor and the quality of the caption display is pointed out. It is becoming. In addition, the viewer-selective subtitle broadcasting adopts a pop-on function for displaying subtitles at positions of the corresponding persons on the screen in the subtitles of dramas and the like. In the receiving device which performs the pop-on function, the data is stored in the receiving buffer and then displayed by the display control code. Therefore, a double receiving buffer consisting of a receiving page and a display page is required. Increasing the memory capacity of the receiving buffer has a problem of increasing the cost of the receiving device.

An object of the present invention is to provide a pop-on display method of the viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting that can reduce the memory capacity of the receiving buffer by displaying the pop-on display in real time in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above.

In order to achieve the above object, the method of the present invention is directed to a pop-on display method of a receiving apparatus for receiving a viewer-selective closed caption broadcast in which subtitle information is inserted and transmitted on an arbitrary horizontal line which does not affect the broadcast signal in every field of the television signal. A method comprising: extracting a caption signal from a video signal of a received television signal; Determining a reception storage control code from the extracted caption signal; Storing the received metabolism information and control information in the reception buffer until the screen display control code is determined in response to the reception storage control code; Pop-on display on the screen the dialogue information stored in the receiving buffer in response to the screen display control code.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a television broadcasting system for viewer-selective closed captioning according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a television receiver for receiving viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting according to the present invention.

3 is a signal configuration diagram showing a configuration of a caption signal according to the present invention;

4 is a diagram showing a data packet structure of caption data according to the present invention;

5 is a view for explaining a control code according to the present invention.

6 is a Hangul complete code table for explaining the configuration of the character code according to the present invention.

7 is a view for explaining the size on the screen of the caption area according to the present invention;

8 is a view for explaining a character cell and a display cell of Korean, Chinese, and English during horizontal writing according to the present invention;

9 is a view for explaining a character cell and a display cell of Korean, Chinese, and English in vertical writing according to the present invention;

10 is a flowchart for explaining a pop-on display method according to the present invention.

11 and 12 are screen state diagrams showing a pop-on display screen according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in more detail the present invention.

1 shows a configuration of a television broadcasting apparatus having a viewer-selectable caption broadcasting function. The audio signal input through the microphone 10 is mixed and amplified by the voice signal processor 30 and transmitted to the television signal modulator 50. The video signal input through the video camera 20 is amplified and edited by the video signal processor 40 and transmitted to the television signal modulator 50. The television signal modulator 50 modulates the transmitted audio signal by FM, modulates the video signal by AM-modulation of the residual side wave method, and frequency-multiplexes and shifts the AM modulated signal and the FM modulated signal. The high frequency output unit 60 amplifies a high frequency signal and transmits a television signal to the air through an antenna.

In the subtitle encoding unit 70, the text information input unit 71 receives additional information such as dialogue information or urgent news or delivery information related to the television screen. Various control information for subtitle control is input through the control signal input unit 72. The character information input unit 71 includes a keyboard for inputting characters such as Korean, English, Chinese characters, Japanese, and special characters, and outputs the input character information as a two-byte Hangul completion code KSC5901. The control information input unit 72 includes keypads such as a mode selection key and a function selection key and outputs the input control information as a 7-bit binary code.

In the character code generator 73, the MSB of each byte of the input two-byte character code is used as the subtitle / additional information flag.In the case of additional information, the MSB is replaced with '0' and a parity bit is added to each byte. A data packet of a total of 18 bits of character code is generated.

The control code generator 74 divides the input 7-bit binary into the upper 4 bits, lower 3 bits, and adds a parity bit for the upper 4 bits, a control code identification bit for 2 bits, and a dialogue / addition flag to generate an upper byte. A lower byte is generated by adding a first parity bit, a second parity bit, a control code identification bit of two bits, and a subtitle subtitle / additional flag for the lower three bits. A parity bit is added to each generated byte to generate a data packet having a total of 18 bits of control code. Details of the above-described data packet will be described later.

The data packet modulator 75 modulates the data packet generated by the character code generator 73 or the control code generator 74 by a digital modulation method.

The sync counter 76 inputs the sync signal provided from the video signal processor 40, resets by the vertical sync signal, counts the horizontal sync signal, and counts the scan players. The window signal generator 77 inputs the count value of the sync counter 76 to generate a window signal. The window signal is a drive signal for switching the switching means 78 to superimpose the caption signal on a predetermined specific line of the video signal output from the video signal processor 40.

2 shows the configuration of a television receiver for receiving viewer-selective closed captioning broadcasting.

The tuner 110 demodulates a television signal of a channel selected from the high frequency signals received by the antenna and outputs a voice signal and a video signal. The voice signal is transmitted to the voice signal processor 120 to be equalized and amplified and output as voice through the speaker 130. The video signal is transmitted to the video signal processor 140, processed for luminance and color, and then output as an RGB signal. The RGB signal is transmitted to the display driver 160 through the mixer 150, and the display driver 160 drives the CRT 170 in response to the transmitted RGB signal to display a television screen on the screen.

The caption decoding unit 200 digitally converts the video signal through the A / D converter 210 and transmits the digital signal to the caption processing unit 230. In addition, the sync separator 220 separates the sync signal from the video signal and transmits the vertical and horizontal sync signals to the subtitle processor.

The caption processor 230 generates a clock signal synchronized with the color burst signal of the video signal processor 140 to extract the caption data packet from the digital signal. The extracted data packet is decoded to control caption processing in response to the decoded control code, and the character data is read from the font ROM 240 in response to the decoded character code and stored in the display RAM 250. When the pop-on mode is checked, the caption processing unit 230 deletes the reception storing and screen erasing control codes among the control codes of the receiving buffer, and reads and reads the pop-on character data stored in the display RAM by the line feed control code. The character data is converted into an RGB signal and transferred to the mixer 150. The caption processing unit 230 exchanges control data with the system control unit 180 of the set. The system controller 180 transmits a caption-related command input through the command input unit 19 to the caption processing unit 180 and controls the system in response to control data transmitted from the caption processing unit 180.

The detailed configuration of the caption information intended to be used in the caption broadcasting transmission / reception system described above is as follows.

Korea uses M-NTSC TV signal of 525 lines and 60 fields / sec as a broadcast signal, and the vertical blanking period is specified from scan line 10 to scan line 20.

There are no standards set by the Ministry of Information and Communication on the use of signals in the vertical blanking period. For reference, ITU-R Recommendation Rec 473-2 and US FCC Report and Order 83-120.

The caption signal may use one of the scan lines 10-20, the scan line 21, or the scan line 262 in the vertical blanking period for transmission of the caption data. One or more may be used for increased data transfer or for other purposes. However, full-field data transmission is not considered in closed captioning.

The transmission bit rate of closed caption data should be 447443.125 bps ± 125 bps, and the maximum long-term change rate should be within ± 196 (0.0125 bps). ± 10 Hz), which should be frequency synchronized to the color burst. It is preferable that the color carrier carrier has a continuous phase between the scan line and the scan line. If the phase of the color carrier is discontinuous due to screen editing, etc., at least phase synchronization should be performed on the color burst of the scan line.

In the data modulation method, the one corresponding to the logic value '1' is represented by a sine wave of one period having a phase of 0 degrees and the frequency of fsc / 8 (447.443 kHz), and the phase corresponding to the logic value '0' is 180 degrees. A digital modulation scheme called Binary Phasc Shift Keying (BPSK) or Phase Rcvcrsal Keying (PRK), which is represented by a period of sinusoids having a frequency of fsc / 8 (447.443 kHz). The maximum range of phase jitter is ± 10 degrees. The optimal signal waveform will be defined in the future as it may vary depending on the frequency spectrum characteristics of the TV channel. However, due to the fundamental band-limiting frequency, the BPSK waveform may experience severe distortion where logic transitions occur, so that the phase-corrected waveform can be used for broadcasting after passing through a second-order Butterworth filter with a cutoff frequency of 3.5 MHz. Shall be. The impulse response of the Butterworth filter used is

Among inspection items of radio station, number I-7 (TV station), item 4 (text multicasting) b) (superposition position of data line and amplitude of text signal) defines the test method and basis.The waveform of caption signal is not NRZ. Since it is a pure sinusoidal wave, it is not necessary to apply the above criteria. However, in order to expand the coverage area, which is 70% or more like Korea, the maximum sinusoidal wave is 90 ± 5 IRE. Although the maximum amplitude of the normal data signal is defined, the overshoot may be included due to filter passband characteristics, so the maximum value of the overshoot is 5 IRE.

Referring to FIG. 3, the data line of the caption signal is composed of a six-cycle bit clock synchronization signal 302, a weed start signal 304, and an 18-bit data string 306.

The bit clock synchronization signal 302 is a sinusoidal signal of 6 cycles and can be used by the caption decoding unit to extract the signal and read out the bit period of 18-bit data. The frequency is fsc / 4 (894.886 kHz). If the phase of the color carrier of the scan line is 0 degrees, it starts at the point 9.5usec (34 bursts of color burst) from the falling edge (0H) of the horizontal synchronization signal, and the phase of the color carrier of the scan line is If it is 180 degrees, it starts at a point separated by 9.64usec (34.5 cycles of color burst) from the falling edge midpoint (0H) of the horizontal synchronization signal. Since this signal is in frequency synchronization with the color burst of the corresponding line, it is also possible to extract the bit clock synchronization signal from the color burst.

The word start signal 304 is a period of a sinusoidal signal of fsc / 16 (223.722 kHz) and 180 degrees in phase, and serves to indicate the start of an 18-bit data packet.

The data string 306 is composed of 18 bits, the bit rate is fsc / 8 (447.443 kHz), and is modulated by the BPSK method.

Referring to FIG. 4, the data packet is composed of three parts: a parity p, a subtitle caption / additional information flag C / T, and a code value in units of Weed. D0 to D8 are referred to as lower words, and D9 to D17 are referred to as upper words. D17 represents even parity for D0 to D16. This parity bit is for first detecting errors in transmission. D7 and D16 are the subtitle caption / additional information flag, 0 for the subtitle and 1 for the additional information, and the values of D7 and D16 must match. This flag is used to maintain word priority. D0 to D6 and D9 to D15 together represent a code value. Code values are interpreted as control codes if D5, D6, D14, and D15 are mode 0, and as character codes otherwise.

Referring to FIG. 5, D1, D2, D3, D9, D10, D11, and D12 of the control code are control code data bits, and D0, D4, D8, and D13 are parity for the control code data bits. The three-bit code value of the lower word designates five functions. The five functions consist of a color designation function, a character attribute and rollup function, a display method and a rolldown function, a position shift function, and a matrix position designation function. In addition, the 4-bit code value of the upper word of the control code specifies 16 sub-functions of each function. Where D0 is parity for D1, D2, D3, and D4, D4 is parity for D1, D2, D10, and D11, and D13 is parity for D9, D10, D11, and D12.

In addition, the control code is transmitted twice in succession for the safe reception of data, and the horizontal writing / serial designator code and the matrix position designation code are transmitted almost every four seconds. .

As shown in Fig. 6, in the character code, D0 to D6 of the lower word and D9 to D15 of the upper word together represent data bits of the KSC5601 code. D8 is even parity for D0 to D7.

In the present invention, since the ASCII code is not used at all, seven bits of D0 to D6 correspond to seven bits of the lower byte of KSC5601 and D9 to D15 correspond to seven bits of the upper byte. Among the Hangul complete code (KSC5601) shown in FIG. 6, lines A1 to A2 (special characters), lines A3 (English), lines A4 (support), lines A5 (Greek), lines AA to AB (Kana, Japan), and AC lines (Russian), BO to C8 (Korean), CA to FD (Korean). The character code is sent only once per character.

As described above, the Korean subtitle can be transmitted using any scan line per field. One or more transmission scan lines defined in the field are called channels. Since NTSC TV has two fields in interlaced scanning, two channels may be used. In other words, it is possible to use two-language dialogue subtitles, such as voice multiplexing. Among them, the Korean-only dialogue subtitles should use an odd field channel and other foreign-language dialogue subtitles should use an even field channel. Control codes transmitted for each channel are the same code set, and all character codes are included in KSC9501.

There are two kinds of information transmitted through the subtitle channel, and the method of interpreting and displaying the control code varies according to the type. One of the two types is the subtitles related to the video signal being broadcast, and the other is additional information which is not related to the broadcasting content displayed on the screen.

If the values of the subtitle subtitles / additional information flags are both '0' in the LSWord and MSWord of the data packet structure, the code value is interpreted for displaying the subtitle subtitles, whether they are control codes or character codes. In this case, only a part of the broadcasted screen is covered and the dialogue corresponding to the audio signal is displayed in the subtitle form.

Use only 2 ~ 5 lines of subtitles at the same time, and use scrolling, erasing, and rewriting to display the dialogue.

When only one channel is transmitted, characters from various countries may be mixed or used exclusively for Korean or foreign languages. When two channels are transmitted, each channel may be divided into a Korean channel and a foreign language channel.

This subtitle subtitle should match audio information whenever possible, and therefore has a higher priority than additional information in channel occupancy in two word units.

If the values of the subtitle subtitles / additional information flags are both '1' in LSWord and MSWord of the data packet structure, the code value is interpreted for display of additional information, whether the code value is a control code or a character code. The additional information display displays character information on the entire screen as in computer communication regardless of the broadcast contents. Do not use scroll function because it is displayed in full screen.

When the information is transmitted through the two channels, the additional information does not need to be separated like the meta information. The additional information may occupy the channel at any time when the information is not displayed on the channel. You can pass it and finish captioning before the channel can be seized again.

Next, the screen display by the horizontal writing specification of the subtitle in the receiver will be described.

Referring to FIG. 7, the subtitle area 702 refers to a maximum area capable of displaying the subtitles and additional information among all the effective screen areas. The subtitle area 702 starts at scan line 41 and ends at scan line 240 when viewed in field units of an NTSC TV signal, and thus has a height corresponding to 200 TV scan lines per field. Ten character lines will be displayed in the entire subtitle area. The width of the subtitle area is set to about 80 to 85% of the effective scanning line width (52.6 uscc). Therefore, the width of all the lines of text is 80-85% of the effective scanline width.

Since the display cells of Korean, English, and Hanja are all composed of 20 vertical bitmaps, one character row consisting of Korean, English, and Chinese characters consists of 20 TV scan lines to facilitate implementation.

In each row, the Hangul characters that can be displayed in the horizontal direction and the innermost number of Japanese Kana are 18 characters. Since the width of one English alphabet is half the width of one Korean alphabet, the maximum number of English alphabets that can be displayed on each line is 36. Roman languages, Arabic numerals, and punctuation marks are the same as in English.

Since the width of one Hanja is the same as the width of Hangeul, the maximum number of Hanja that can be displayed per line is 18.

All characters supported by the KSC5601 code may be mixed.

If used interchangeably, a minimum of 18 to a maximum of 36 characters per line may be displayed.

Referring to FIG. 8, when displaying a character on the screen, an area occupied by only one character itself is considered as the character cells 804, 814, and 824, without considering the spacing between the characters on the screen. The area occupied by one character is called display cells 802, 812, and 814.

The one-syllable Korean character cell 804 to be displayed on the screen of the receiver has a bit map format of 16 horizontal and 16 vertical. Therefore, the Hangul to be entered in the character cell is read from the ROM that stores the bitmap font of width 16 and height 16.

In FIG. 8A, a display cell 802 of a one-syllable Korean character having a spacing between characters at a receiver has a bitmap form of width 18 and height 20. This is to space one space from the Hangul character cell 804 in the up, left, and right directions, and 2 below considering the case of setting the underline area 806 with one space below. To allocate additional spaces.

The receiver display specification in Ghana, Japan is sometimes the same as Korean.

In FIG. 8B, the character cell 814 of the Chinese character to be displayed on the screen by the receiver has a bit map form of width 17 and length 19. The size specification of the Chinese character cell 814 is provisional, and may be later determined to be a character cell of a different size (width 16, length 16) in consideration of the conditions on the font ROM and the receiver circuit.

The display cell 812 of the Chinese character considering the spacing between the characters at the receiver has a bitmap form of width 18 and height 20. This is to space one space from the Hanja character cell 814 to the right by one space, and unlike under Korean or English, it is decided not to underline the Chinese character.

Therefore, since the width and height of the Hanja display cell 812 are the same as the width and height of the one-syllable Hangul display cell 802, one Chinese character has the same size as one Hangul character.

Referring to FIG. 8C, a character cell 824 of an English alphabet to be displayed on a screen of a receiver has a bit map form of 8 horizontal and 14 vertical.

The display cell 822 of the English alphabet in consideration of the spacing between the characters on the receiver side has a bitmap form of width 9 and length 20. This is to space two spaces up and one space to the right from the English alphabet cell 824, and two spaces below when considering the underline area 826 with two spaces below. This is to allocate additional space.

Therefore, since the width of the English alphabet display cell 822 is 0.5 times the width of the one-syllable Korean display cell 802 and the same height, one Korean character has a size corresponding to two English alphabets.

Receiver marking specifications for punctuation marks, including non-English Roman languages, Arabic numerals, and spaces between words, are the same as in English.

The character display processing method in the display cell in the receiver should be opaque background processing or shadowed edge processing according to the 'background color specification' control code, and the opaque background may be transformed into a translucent background and displayed.

When the receiver displays characters using the opaque background processing method, the first part of each line and the last part of the last part of the line may be treated as an opaque background having a syllable Hangul character size to facilitate reading. .

The control function of FIG. 5 set by the above-described control code will be described in more detail as follows.

The control code consists of a combination of two 9-bit words. LSWord contains D1, D2, and D3 bits for classifying functions. MSWord contains D9, D10, D11, and D12 bits for selecting one of the classified functions. Are expressed.

Control codes are classified into color designation, attribute designation, display control, scrolling, cursor movement, action value and column positioning control code according to their function.

The color designation control code is a control code transmitted to change the foreground and background colors of the transmitted character data. Therefore, if you want to change the foreground and background of the character to be transmitted, you can send the character after transmitting the color specification code. The receiver sets the foreground and background colors by the most recently received color control code. In addition, the color of the foreground and background can be changed simultaneously or independently. Colors are black, red, magente, blue, cyan, green, yellow and white.The background color is a transprent, and the video of the program should be shown in the remaining parts of the display cell except for the characters. You need to outline it with a different color.

The character attribute control code is a control code transmitted to change the attribute of character data. Therefore, to change the attribute of the character to be transmitted, send the character code after sending the attribute designation control code first. You can specify Normal, Underline, Blink, and Inverse. Underlining, Blink, and Inverse work independently, so all of these attributes can be applied at once.

The function of each attribute designation control code is as follows.

/ `Underline: Underline each character to display.

/ `Flashes: Makes the character to be displayed blink. The previously displayed part does not blink, the later displayed part blinks, and the blink period varies depending on the receiver implementation.

/ `Inverse: Switches the foreground and background colors currently used by the receiver.

/ `OK: Display characters as default attribute by resetting all already specified attributes.

Display method The control code is a control code transmitted to control the screen display method. The display code, screen erase, receive storage, horizontal writing, and vertical writing can be designated.

/ `Display: Display received problem data on the screen immediately (when roll-up or roll-down), or display data saved by 'receive save' control code on the screen (when pop on).

/ `Receive Save: Save received text and control code until screen display.

/ `Horizontal writing: When displaying continuously received character codes on the screen without intervention of position control code, move the next character position to the right of the current character.

/ `Vertical writing: When displaying consecutive character codes on the screen continuously without intervention of position control code, move next character position to the bottom of current character.

The scroll control code is a control code for scrolling the screen by setting a certain portion of the subtitle area, and the scroll control codes include '2-5 line roll-up' and '2-5 line roll-down'.

/ `2 ~ 5 lines Roll-up: Control code for scrolling the window contents up one line in the window consisting of 2 ~ 5 lines in the upper direction including the current character display position (cursor position). The top of the rows of is lost with scrolling and the bottom is replaced with the most recently decoded characters. This control code eliminates the need for a separate APDR code, and removes all characters outside the specified window.

/ `2 ~ 5 lines Roll-down: Control code for scrolling the window contents down one line within the window composed of 2 ~ 5 lines downward including the current character display position (cursor position). The bottom row among the rows inside disappears with scrolling and the top row is replaced with the most recently decoded characters. When using this control code, no separate APUR code is required, and all characters outside the designated window are supported on the screen.

The scroll function is not used to display the additional information.

The position movement control code is a control code relating to the direction movement of a position to display a character.

/ `APF (Active Position forward): In case of horizontal writing, it moves in the direction of letter writing main direction (right) by half the width of one Korean letter (one width of the English alphabet). When writing vertically, the height of Hangul kanji moves in the main direction (bottom).

/ `APB (Active Positionackward): When writing horizontally, the character is moved half the width of one Korean character (the width of one English alphabet) in the opposite direction (left). In case of vertical writing, the height of Hangul kanji moves in the opposite direction (upward).

/ `APDR (Active Position Down Return): When writing horizontally, moves to the leftmost character position (first column position) of the line immediately below the current character display position. In case of vertical writing, it moves to the top character position (first action value) in the immediately left column of the current character display position. Moves the Hangul Hanja height in the main direction (bottom).

/ `APUR (Active Position Up Return): When writing horizontally, move to the leftmost character position (first column position) of the line immediately above the current character display position. In the case of vertical writing, it moves to the top letter position (the first action value) in the right column of the current character display position.

/ `3 ~ 6 letters APF: When writing horizontally, APF runs 3 ~ 6 letters wide. In case of vertical writing, APF is executed as high as 3 ~ 6 letters.

The exception of position movement control is as follows. That is, when writing horizontally, when the characters are displayed up to the rightmost character position of the line (column position 18), move the appropriate position such as APDR, APUR, APB, 2-5 line roll-up, 2-5 line roll-down, etc. If a character code is received without an associated control code, the character is displayed by moving to the leftmost character position (first column position) of the line without changing the line. However, if the character code at this time is a space code, it should be ignored until a character code other than a space code is received. In case of vertical writing, when the character is displayed up to the bottom character position of the column (10th action value), control code related to proper position movement such as APDR, APUR, APB, 2-5 line roll-up, 2-5 line roll-down If the character code is received without changing the column, the character is moved to the top letter position (first action value) of the column to display the character. However, if the character code at this time is a space code, it should be ignored until a character code other than a space code is received.

Transmission of control code according to screen display method is as follows.

The order of control code transmission during pop-on is reception save + (other control code) + character string + (other control code) + screen erase + screen display + reception save + (other control code) + character string + (other control code) Follow the order of + screen clear + screen display. In order for the receiver to properly view the character information currently displayed in the pop-on method, a proper delay time is necessary before the transmitter sends the screen erasure control code.

Control code transmission sequence during roll-up is screen display + (other control code) + string + (other control code) + string + (2 ~ 5 lines roll-up) + screen display + (other control code) + string + (Other Control Code) + String + (2 ~ 5 Line Roll-up) Whenever 2 ~ 5 lines of roll-up control code is received, the outside area of the window should be cleared.

Control code transmission sequence during roll-down screen display + (other control code) + string + (other control code) + string + (2 ~ 5 lines roll-down) + screen display + (other control code) + string + (Other Control Code) + String + (2 ~ 5 Lines Roll-down) Each time a 2-5 line roll-down control code is received, the outer area of the window must be cleared.

The control code for vertical writing is as follows.

When the receiver decodes the vertical writing control code, the moving direction of the Hangul characters displayed on the screen is changed to the column direction.

Vertical writing is mainly used when subtitles already exist in the broadcast contents. The structure of the character cell during vertical writing does not have to be the same as the character cell for each character during horizontal writing. Referring to FIG. 9, the size of display cells of all types of characters during vertical writing must match regardless of the size of each character cell. For example, in consideration of the space between characters during vertical writing, the entire area occupied by one English alphabet on the screen should be the same as the entire area occupied by one syllable Korean characters. When using font data for horizontal writing, the width of an English character cell is half the width of one syllable Korean character cell. Therefore, when displaying English character during vertical writing, the position of the English character cell of the display cell is as shown in FIG. 9C. Is included in the right half of the Hangul character cell. In the case of vertical writing, since the underline position by the underline designation becomes the right side of the character cell, the structure of the display cell is different from that of the horizontal writing. This can be determined differently according to the field of view of the receiver. However, in vertical writing, the display cell should be large enough to contain all the character cells.

In the case of vertical writing, the column spacing should be wider than the line spacing so that the character matrix structure in the subtitle area is reconstructed. That is, the number of columns displayed on the receiver during vertical writing is 16 for widening the column spacing, and the number of displayable characters per column is 10. When writing vertically, all kinds of characters have the same size of text cells, so if you display the characters on the entire screen, you will have a 10-by-16 column matrix. This subtitle area shall coincide with the horizontal width of the subtitle area in horizontal writing and shall be smaller or equal in height. Therefore, the column spacing during vertical writing becomes larger than the column spacing during horizontal writing, and the line spacing is smaller than or equal to, thus making vertical reading easier. The thermal gaps shall be equally spaced.

When no special position control code is received during vertical writing, the default position of the receiver is determined as the position of the first character of the 16th column.

In case of vertical writing, the direction of active position of cursor movement control codes (APDR, APUR, APF, APB, n-APF) is determined based on the vertical column. That is, Down = Left, Up = Right, Forward = Down, and Backward = Up. APDR is defined as a control code for 'going to the rightmost column position (first row position)' and APUR is 'controlling to go to the rightmost column position (first action) right column' Is defined as

When writing vertically, 2 ~ 5 lines Roll-up displays the window contents by scrolling one column to the right of the screen inside a window composed of 2 to 5 right columns including the current character display position (cursor position). As a control code, the rightmost column of the tasks inside the selected window disappears with scrolling and the leftmost column is replaced with the most recently decoded string. This control code eliminates the need for a separate APDR code to move to the top left column for vertical writing. All areas outside the 2 to 5 windows are cleared. Rolling down 2 to 5 lines in vertical writing displays the contents of the window by scrolling one column to the left of the screen inside a window consisting of two to five new columns, including the current character display position (cursor position). As a control code, the leftmost column among the columns inside the selected window disappears with scrolling and the rightmost column is replaced with the most recently decoded characters. This control code eliminates the need for a separate APUR code (moving to the top right column for vertical writing). All areas outside the 2 to 5 windows are cleared.

The control code for additional information is as follows.

Since the additional information transmits a code of a page unit, 'page start' and 'page end' control codes are required for page processing. 'Page Start' interprets the 'Two-Line Roll-up' of the subtitles and 'Page End' interprets the 'Two-Line Roll-down' of the subtitles with the corresponding code.

/ `Page Start: Indicates the start of one page of additional information and the receiver starts saving one page when it receives this code. If this code is not received at the beginning of the page, all data on this page is ignored.

/ `End of page: Indicates the end of one page of additional information and the receiver displays the data of the page already received when receiving this code.

When wrapping additional information, one of APDR, APUR, and column positioning control codes must be transmitted.

Before displaying one page of additional information data on the screen, the background color of the page to be displayed must be cleared so that a background color of one page unit is required. The background color code immediately after the page start code is the page background color. If the background color code does not come immediately after the page start code, the previous page background color is the page background color.

Ignore vertical writing because it is intended for use with lower captions, such as news. Ignore the 'three to five row roll-up' and the 'three to five row roll down'.

Valid code identification and processing are as follows.

The procedure and processing for deciding a valid code by decoding a caption signal at a receiver are as follows.

Only when D7 and D16 are the same, a valid code is determined.

D17 and D0 1s D1 1s D2 1s D3 1s D4 1s D5 1s D6 1s D7 1s D8 1s D9 1s D10 1s D11 1s D12 1s D13 1s D14 1s D15 1s D16

If D5 and D6 are each (0,0) and D14 and D15 are each (0,0), then the control code is determined.

If D5, D6 is (0,1) or (1,0) or (1,1), respectively, and D14, D15 is (0,1) or (1,0) or (1,1), respectively, the character code Determined by

If any one of D5, D6, D14, and D15 is (0,0) and the other is (0,1) or (1,0) or (1,1), the control code and the character code are simultaneously received. There is no case, so this code is determined to be an error.

If it is determined by the character code in the previous step, it is judged to be an error if D8 and D0 1s D1 1s D2 1s D3 1s D4 1s D5 1s D6 1s D7 are different by checking.

If it is determined that it is not an error in the above, check if it is a character code defined in 1sKSC5601, and if it is not defined, the '?' Or '', and if it is a defined code, it displays the corresponding character on the screen.

If it is determined by the control code in the above, LSWord checks whether D0 and D1 1s D2 1s D3 1s D9 match and D4 and D1 1s D2 1s D11 1s D12. .

If it is determined that it is not an error in the above step, it is checked if it is defined in the control code table of FIG.

If the control code is defined in the control table in the above step, the same LSWord and MSWord are waiting for repeated transmission.

If the same LSWord and MSWord are transmitted repeatedly, the control code is applied.

The valid code discrimination and processing described above represents the most preferred embodiment, and variations may be similarly implemented. For example, different combinations of parity of control codes may be mentioned. In particular, various methods may be employed to prevent errors in the control code.

The effects of the present invention described as described above will be described as follows.

According to the combination of the control code and the character code described above, the screen display type can be operated in three ways: the subtitle scrolling display method, the subtitle pop-on display method, and the additional information display method. do.

Pop-on function is mainly used to display dialogue in the actor's position in case of drama.

Referring to FIG. 10, in the pop-on display method of the receiving apparatus of the present invention, it is checked whether the pop-on mode is set (1002) and when the pop-on mode is set, the presence or absence of the received storage control code is checked (1004). . When the reception storage control code is detected, the received subtitle information, that is, the dialogue information and the control information, is stored in the reception buffer (1006). The control information includes a pop-on display position control code, caption text color designation control information, caption background color designation control information, and the like. Subsequently, after a predetermined time, that is, a time enough to allow the viewer to read the displayed dialogue, the screen erasing control code is received. If the control code is received (1008), the displayed dialogue is checked. The caption is erased with a transparent background (1010). Subsequently, the screen control code is checked to be received (1012). If checked, the subtitles stored in the reception buffer are popped on the screen (1014). Thus, the pop-on display can be achieved with one reception buffer by storing the dialogue subtitle information in the reception buffer by the reception storing control code and pop-on displaying the dialogue subtitle stored in the reception buffer by the screen display control code.

For example, the transmission code sequence Receive and store-Receive and store-2nd row-2nd row-Yellow text-Yellow text-2nd column-2nd column-Transparent-Transparent-This-Crab-Space-What-Hey- ? -6-character APF-6-character APF-Han-Wri-J-M-E-Ji-! -(Elapse several seconds)-Screen clear-Screen clear-Screen show-When the screen show is received, pop-on display is performed as shown in FIG. Row-Yellow Letter-Yellow Letter-Second Column-Second Column-Transparent Background-Transparent Background--Graphic-? -3rd row-3rd row-2nd column-2nd column-Thread-Silver-Space-B-Degree-Mall-La-4th row-4th row-2nd column-2nd column-Well-Space -Mo-Le-Oo-U-(a few seconds)-Screen clear-Screen clear-Screen show-When the screen is received, it is displayed as shown in FIG. Subsequently, if there is no subtitle subtitle, the transmission code sequence elapses for 5 seconds and the screen subtitle is received and the subtitle subtitle is deleted.

As described above, the present invention can display the subtitles in real time in response to the control code by using one receiving buffer in the pop-on mode, thereby reducing the memory capacity of the receiving buffer and thereby reducing the cost of the receiving apparatus. You can get the effect.

Claims (5)

A pop-on display method of a receiving apparatus for receiving a viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting in which subtitle information is inserted and transmitted on an arbitrary horizontal line which does not affect the broadcast signal in every field of the television signal, wherein the caption is obtained from the video signal of the received television signal. Extracting a signal; Determining a reception storage control code from the extracted caption signal; Storing the received metabolism information and control information in the reception buffer until the screen display control code is determined in response to the reception storage control code; Pop-on display on the screen the dialogue information stored in the receiving buffer in response to the screen display control code. The method of claim 1, wherein the control information stored in the reception buffer includes text color information, background color information, and display position information of the dialogue information. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of clearing the subtitle subtitle display portion in a transparent background in response to the screen control code prior to the screen control code. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the screen erasing control code is executed after a time enough to view the subtitles sufficiently. The method of claim 1, wherein the subtitles displayed on the screen are erased by the screen control code when there is no reception of the subsequent subtitles for a predetermined time.