KR100194222B1 - Soft scrolling method of subtitle display by viewers - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of scrolling additional information of a viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting in which a caption information is inserted into an arbitrary horizontal line that does not affect the broadcast signal in every field of the television signal, wherein the caption signal is extracted from the video signal of the received television signal. Restoring digital data from the extracted subtitle signal, detecting an error of the restored data, checking whether the recovered data is additional information, decoding the control code of the data and starting the page. Checking and starting the page, the character data corresponding to the character code is read from the font ROM in which the character data by the Hangul completion code is stored and stored in the display memory; and the character data stored in the display memory is converted into a video signal. Display on the screen And repeating the above steps in response to the line break control code, thereby scrolling the screen of the additional information, thereby reducing the memory capacity of the receiver and reducing the cost. It is about.

Description

Soft scrolling method of subtitle display by viewers

The present invention relates to a method of scrolling additional information of a caption broadcasting method, and more particularly, to a method of scrolling additional information that can reduce a memory capacity in a receiving apparatus for receiving a viewer-selective caption broadcasting.

The closed captioning method in television broadcasting includes an open captioning method in which an emergency caption or notification is displayed by the broadcaster's selection without the viewer's selection by superimposing a caption signal on the active section of the television signal, and a non-active section of the television signal. In other words, when a caption signal is transmitted in a vertical blanking section, there is a closed caption method in which the television screen and the dialogue content can be viewed as captions by the applicant's selection.

Closed captioning closed captioning has been implemented since 1978 in the United States for the hearing-impaired without the sign language, and is also very useful for foreign language learning.

U.S. Patent No. 5,294,982, published in March 1994, discloses a closed caption broadcast of Roman and syllable characters. In particular, the captioning method of Korean is explained in detail. In the invention of the U.S. patent, in order to broadcast the Korean language in a closed captioning method, a Korean character is divided into each phoneme of a consonant, a neutral, and a consonant, and an ASCII code corresponding to each phoneme is transmitted. Korean characters are displayed by mapping, neutral and final.

Since the conventional Korean closed caption method uses at least 2 to 3 bytes to represent a Korean character, the transmission speed and display speed are slow, and the decoding process requires finding a position of one character by combining 3 to 4 bytes in the decoding process. There was a problem that the processing was complicated. The complexity of the decoding process raises the cost of the decoder. This causes a problem of increasing the cost of the decoder, which millions of viewers have to pay in comparison to the encoder that is required only by broadcasting stations.

In addition, simultaneous display of Chinese characters, Korean, and Japanese, and simultaneous display of English, Russian, and Greek, and display of special symbols were not possible.

In addition, since the control code is required to display the dialogue information in the middle of displaying the supplementary information and display the supplementary information again, there is no independence between the dialogue information and the supplementary information, and a control system for distinguishing the display mode of the dialogue information is provided. If the display mode control code is not received at the time when the receiver starts to operate, the metabolic information cannot be displayed until the next control code is received.

The additional information is displayed using the entire screen, which is transmitted in units of pages and displayed in units of pages. Therefore, in order to perform real-time operation, one page stores the received data and the other page stores the stored data on the screen. Therefore, the memory capacity of two pages is required due to the operation characteristics. This causes the cost of the receiver to rise.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is a method of scrolling additional information of a user-selective closed caption broadcasting that can be configured with a page memory by displaying scrolling and displaying additional information line by line after receiving and storing additional information in units of pages. To provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the method of the present invention is a method of scrolling additional information of a viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting in which subtitle information is inserted and transmitted on an arbitrary horizontal line which does not affect the broadcast signal in every field of the television signal. Extracting a caption signal from a video signal of a received television signal; Restoring digital data from the extracted caption signal; Detecting an error of the recovered data; Checking whether the recovered data is additional information; Decoding the control code of the data to check whether the page is started; If the page starts, reading the character data corresponding to the character code from the font ROM in which the character data by the Hangul completion code is stored and storing in the display memory; Converting the character data stored in the display memory into a video signal and displaying the same on a screen; Scrolling characters displayed on the screen in response to the line break control code; And repeating the above steps in response to the page termination control code.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a television broadcasting system for viewer-selective caption broadcasting according to the present invention;

2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a television receiver for receiving viewer-selective closed captioning according to the present invention;

3 is a signal configuration diagram showing a configuration of a caption signal according to the present invention;

4 is a diagram showing a data packet structure of caption data according to the present invention;

5 is a view for explaining a control code according to the present invention,

6 is a Korean complete code table for explaining the configuration of the character code according to the present invention,

7 is a view for explaining the size of the subtitle area on the screen according to the present invention,

8 is a view for explaining a character cell and a display cell of Korean, Chinese, and English in horizontal writing according to the present invention;

9 is a view for explaining a character cell and a display cell of Korean, Chinese, and English in vertical writing according to the present invention;

10 is a flowchart for explaining a method of scrolling additional information of a viewer-selective caption broadcasting according to the present invention;

11 and 12 are screen state diagrams for explaining the scroll function in horizontal writing.

13 to 15 are screen state diagrams for explaining the screen scroll display state in the additional information mode.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in more detail the present invention.

1 shows a configuration of a television broadcasting apparatus having a viewer-selectable closed captioning function. The audio signal input through the microphone 10 is mixed and amplified by the voice signal processor 30 and transmitted to the television signal modulator 50. The video signal input through the video camera 20 is amplified and edited by the video signal processor 40 and transmitted to the television signal modulator 50. The television signal modulator 50 FM-modulates the transmitted audio signal, AM-modulates the video signal of the remaining side-wave method, and frequency-multiplexes and shifts the AM modulated signal and the FM modulated signal. The high frequency output unit 60 amplifies a high frequency signal and transmits a television signal to the air through an antenna.

In the caption encoding unit 70, the text information input unit 71 receives additional information such as dialogue information or urgent news or delivery information related to a television screen. Various control information for subtitle control is input through the control signal input unit 72.

The character information input unit 71 includes a keyboard for inputting characters such as Korean, English, Chinese characters, Japanese, and special characters, and outputs the inputted character information as a two-byte Hangul completion code KSC5601. The control information input unit 72 includes keypads such as a mode selection key and a function selection key and outputs the input control information as a 7-bit binary code.

In the character code generator 73, the MSB of each byte of the input two-byte character code is used as the subtitle / additional information flag.In the case of additional information, the MSB is replaced with '0' and a parity bit is added to each byte. A data packet of a total of 18 bits of character code is generated.

The control code generator 74 divides the input 7-bit binary into the upper 4 bits and lower 3 bits, adds a parity bit for the upper 4 bits, a control code identification bit for 2 bits, and a dialogue / addition flag to generate an upper byte. A lower byte is generated by adding a first parity bit, a second parit bit, a two-bit control code identification bit, and a subtitle caption / additional information flag for the lower three bits. A parity bit is added to each generated byte to generate a data packet having a total of 18 bits of control code. Details of the above-described data packet will be described later.

The data packet modulator 75 modulates the data packet generated by the character code generator 73 or the control code generator 74 by a digital modulation method.

The sync counter 76 inputs the sync signal provided from the video signal processor 40, resets by the vertical sync signal, counts the horizontal sync signal, and counts the scan players. The window signal generator 77 inputs the count value of the sync counter 76 to generate a window signal. The window signal is a drive signal for switching the switching means 78 to superimpose the caption signal on a predetermined specific line of the video signal output from the video signal processor 40.

Referring to FIG. 2, there is shown a configuration of a television receiver for receiving viewer-selective caption broadcasting.

The tuner 110 demodulates a television signal of a channel selected from the high frequency signals received by the antenna and outputs a voice signal and a video signal. The voice signal is transmitted to the voice signal processor 120 to be equalized and amplified and output as voice through the speaker 130. The video signal is transmitted to the video signal processing unit 140, luminance and color processed, and then output as an RGB signal. The RGB signal is transmitted to the display driver 160 through the mixer 150, and the display driver 160 drives the CRT 170 in response to the transmitted RGB signal to display a television screen on the screen.

The caption decoding unit 200 digitally converts the video signal through the A / D converter 210 and transmits the digital signal to the caption controller 230. In addition, the sync separator 220 separates the sync signal from the video signal and transmits the vertical and horizontal sync signals to the caption controller.

The caption controller 230 generates a clock signal synchronized with the color burst signal of the video signal processor 140 to extract the caption data packet from the digital signal. The extracted data packet is decoded to control caption processing in response to the decoded control code, and the character data is read from the font ROM 230 in response to the decoded character code and stored in the display RAM 250. The character data stored in the display RAM is read, converted into an RGB signal, and transferred to the mixer 150. In soft scrolling of character data, reading is performed by changing one or several lines. The caption controller 230 exchanges control data with the system controller 180 of the set. The system controller 180 transmits a caption-related command input through the command input unit 19 to the caption controller 180 and controls the system in response to the control data transmitted from the caption controller 180.

The detailed configuration of the caption information intended to be used in the caption broadcasting transmission / reception system described above is as follows.

In Korea, the M-NTSC TV signal of 525 lines and 60 fields / sec is used from the broadcast signal, and the vertical blanking period is specified from scan line 10 to scan line 20.

There are no standards set by the Ministry of Information and Communication on the use of signals in the vertical blanking period, and there are ITU-R Recommendation Rec 473-2 and FCC Report and order 83-120 in the United States for reference.

The caption signal may use one of the scan lines 10-20 or the scan line 21 or the scan line 262 in the vertical blanking period for the transmission of the caption data. One or more may be used for increased data transfer or for other purposes. However, full-field data transmission is not considered in closed captioning.

The transmission bit rate of closed caption data should be 447443.125bps ± 125bps and the maximum long-term change rate should be within ± 196 (0.0125 bps). The caption data signal should be used only for color TV signal transmission. ± 10Hz), which should be 1/8 of the frequency and color synchronous to the burst. It is preferable that the color carrier carrier has a continuous phase between the scan line and the scan line. If the phase of the color carrier is discontinuous due to screen editing, etc., at least phase synchronization should be performed on the color burst of the scan line.

In the data modulation method, the one corresponding to the logic value '1' is represented by one period of sinusoidal wave having a phase of 0 degrees and has a frequency of fsc / 8 (447.443 kHz), and the one corresponding to the logic value '0' is 180 degrees. A digital modulation scheme is called BPSK (Binary Phase Shift Keying) or PRK (Phase Reversal Keying), which is represented by one cycle of sinusoids with a frequency of fsc / 8 (447.443 kHz). The maximum displacement of phase jitter is ± 10 degrees. The optimal signal waveform will be defined in the future as it may vary depending on the frequency spectrum characteristics of the TV channel. However, due to the fundamental band-limiting frequency, the BPSK waveform may experience severe distortion where logic transitions occur, and then use a phase-corrected waveform for broadcast after passing a second Butterworth filter with a cutoff frequency of 3.5 MHz. Shall be. The impulse response of the Butterworth filter used is shown in Equation 1 below.

The inspection method and basis are defined in item 1-7 (TV broadcasting station) item 4 (text broadcasting) b) (the overlapping position of the data line and the amplitude of the text signal) among the inspection items of the radio station.The waveform of the subtitle signal is not NRZ. Since it is a pure sinusoidal wave, it is not necessary to apply the above criteria. However, in order to expand the coverage area, which is 70% or more like Korea, the maximum sinusoidal wave is 90 ± 5 IRE.

Although the maximum amplitude of the normal data signal is defined, the overshoot may be included due to filter passband characteristics, so the maximum value of the overshoot is 5 IRE.

Referring to FIG. 3, the data line of the caption signal is composed of a six-cycle bit clock synchronization signal 302, a word start signal 304, and an 18-bit data string 306.

The bit clock synchronization signal 302 is a six-cycle sinusoidal signal that can be extracted by the caption decoding unit and used to read a bit period of 18-bit data. The frequency is fsc / 4 (894.866 kHz). If the phase of the color carrier of the scan line is 0 degrees, it starts at the point 9.5 ㎲ (34 color bursts) from the falling edge midpoint of the horizontal sync signal, and the phase of the color carrier of the scan line In case of 180 degrees, it starts at a point separated by 9.64 ㎲ (34.5 cycles of color burst) from the falling edge (OH) of the horizontal synchronization signal. Since this signal is in frequency synchronization with the color burst of the corresponding line, it is also possible to extract the bit clock synchronization signal from the color burst.

The word start signal 304 is fsc / 16 (223.722 kHz) and is a period of a sinusoidal signal having a phase of 180 degrees and serves to indicate the start of an 18-bit data packet.

The data string 306 is composed of 18 bits, and the bit rate is fsc / 8 (447.443 ms) and modulated in a BPSK manner.

Referring to FIG. 4, the data packet is composed of three parts: parity (p) in word units, subtitle caption / additional information flag (C / T), and code value. DO-D8 is also referred to as the lower word, and D9 to D17 are referred to as the upper word. D17 represents even parity for DO-D16. This parity bit is for first detecting errors in transmission.

D7 and D16 are the subtitle caption / additional information flags, 0 for the subtitle and 1 for the additional information, and the values of D7 and D16 must match. This flag is used to maintain the word priority. D0 to D6 and D9 to D15 together represent a code value. Code values are interpreted as control codes if D5, D6, D14, and D15 are mode 0, and as character codes otherwise.

Referring to FIG. 5, D1, D2, D3, D9, D10, D11, and D12 of the control code are control code data bits, and D0, D4, D8, and D13 are parity for the control code data bits. The three-bit code value of the lower word designates five functions. The five functions consist of a color designation function, a character attribute and rollup function, a display method and a rolldown function, a position shift function, and a matrix position designation function. In addition, the 4-bit code value of the upper word of the control code specifies 16 sub-functions of each function. Here, D0 is parity for D1, D2, D3, and D4, D4 is parity for D1, D2, D10, and D11, and D13 is parity for D9, D10, D11, and D12.

In addition, the control code is transmitted twice in succession for safe reception of data, and the horizontal / vertical writing code and the matrix positioning code are transmitted almost every four seconds. Detailed description of the control code will be described later.

Referring to FIG. 6, the character code represents the data bits of the KSC5601 code with D0 to D6 of the lower word and D9 to D15 of the upper word. D8 is even parity for D0 to D7.

In the present invention, since the ASCII code is not used at all, seven bits of D0 to D6 correspond to seven bits of the lower byte of KSC5601, and D9 to D15 correspond to seven bits of the upper byte. Among the Hangul complete code (KSC5601) shown in the drawing, lines A1 to A2 (special characters), A3 lines (English), A4 lines (support), A5 lines (Greek), A4 lines to AB lines (Kana, Japan), AC lines (Russian), B0 to C8 lines (Korean), CA to FD lines (Chinese characters). The character code is transmitted only once per character.

As described above, the Korean subtitle can be transmitted using any scan line per field. One or more transmission scan lines defined in the field are called channels. NTSC TV can use two channels because there are two fields interlaced.

In other words, it is possible to use two-language dialogue subtitles, such as voice multiplexing. Among them, the Korean-only dialogue subtitles should use an odd field channel and other foreign-language dialogue subtitles should use an even field channel. Control codes transmitted for each channel are the same code set, and all character codes are included in KSC5601.

There are two kinds of information transmitted through the subtitle channel, and the method of interpreting and displaying the control code varies according to the type. One of the two is the subtitles related to the video signal being broadcast and the other is additional information not related to the broadcast content shown on the screen.

If the values of the subtitle subtitles / additional information flags are both '0' in the LSWord and MSWord of the data packet structure, the code value is interpreted for displaying the subtitle subtitles, whether they are control codes or character codes. In this case, only a part of the broadcasted screen is covered and the dialogue corresponding to the voice signal is displayed in the form of subtitles.

Only two to five lines of subtitles are used at the same time, and scrolling, erasing, and rewriting are used to display the dialogue.

When only one channel is transmitted, characters of various countries may be mixed or used for Korean or foreign language. When two channels are transmitted, they are used separately for Korean and foreign language channels.

This subtitle subtitle should match audio information if possible, and therefore has a higher priority than additional information in channel occupancy of two words.

If the values of the subtitle subtitles / additional information flags are both '1' in LSWord and MSWord of the data packet structure, the code value is interpreted for display of additional information, whether the code value is a control code or a character code.

The additional information display displays character information on the entire screen as in computer communication regardless of the broadcast contents. Do not use scroll function because it is displayed in full screen.

When the information is transmitted through the two channels, the additional information does not need to be separated like the meta information. The additional information may occupy the channel at any time when the information is not displayed on the channel. You can pass it and finish captioning before the channel can be seized again.

Next, the screen display by the horizontal writing specification of the subtitle in the receiver will be described.

Referring to FIG. 7, the caption area 702 refers to the largest area that can display the subtitles and additional information among all the effective screen areas. The subtitle area 702 starts at scan line 41 and ends at scan line 240 when viewed in field units of an NTSC TV signal, and thus has a height corresponding to 200 TV scan lines per field. Ten character lines will be displayed in the entire subtitle area. The width of the subtitle area is set to about 80 to 85% of the effective scanning line width (52.6 ㎲). Therefore, the width of all character lines is 80 to 85% of the effective scan line width.

Since the display cells of Korean, English, and Chinese characters all consist of 20 vertical bitmaps, one character row consisting of Korean, English, and Chinese characters consists of 20 TV scan lines for ease of implementation.

The maximum number of Korean characters and Japanese kana that can be displayed horizontally on each line is 18 characters. Since the width of one English alphabet is half the width of one Korean alphabet, the maximum number of English alphabets that can be displayed per line is 36. Roman languages, Arabic numerals, and punctuation marks are the same as in English.

Since the width of one Hanja is the same as the width of Hangeul, the maximum number of Hanja that can be displayed per line is 18.

All characters supported by the KSC5601 code may be mixed.

If used interchangeably, a minimum of 18 to a maximum of 36 characters per line may be displayed.

Referring to FIG. 8, when displaying a character on the screen, an area occupied by only one character itself without considering the spacing between the characters on the screen is called the character cells 804, 814, and 824. The area occupied by one character is called display cells 802, 812, and 814.

The one-syllable Hangul character cell 804 to be displayed on the screen by the receiver has a bitmap form of 16 horizontal and 16 vertical. Therefore, the Hangul to be entered in the text cell is read from the ROM that stores the bitmap font of width 16 and height 16.

In FIG. 8A, the display cell 802 of a one-syllable Korean character considering the spacing between characters on the receiver has a bitmap form of width 18 and height 20. This is to space one space from the Hangul character cell 804 in the up, left, and right directions, and 2 below considering the case of setting the underline area 806 with one space below. To allocate additional spaces.

The receiver display specification in Ghana, Japan is sometimes the same as Korean.

In FIG. 8B, the character cell 814 of the Chinese character to be displayed on the screen by the receiver has a bit map form of width 17 and length 19. The size specification of the Chinese character cell 814 is provisional, and may be later determined as a character cell having a different size (width 16, length 16) in consideration of the conditions on the font ROM and the receiver circuit.

The display cell 812 of the Chinese character considering the spacing between the characters at the receiver has a bitmap form of width 18 and height 20. This is to space one space from the Hanja character cell 814 to the right by one space, and unlike under Korean or English, it is decided not to underline the Chinese character.

Therefore, since the width and height of the Hanja display cell 812 are the same as the width and height of the one-syllable Hangul display cell 802, one Chinese character has the same size as one Hangul character.

Referring to FIG. 8c, the character cell 824 of the English alphabet to be displayed on the screen of the receiver has a bitmap form of 8 horizontal and 14 vertical.

The display cell 822 of the English alphabet in consideration of the spacing between the characters on the receiver side has a bitmap form of width 9 and length 20. This is to space two spaces up and one space to the right from the English alphabet cell 824, and two spaces below when considering the underline area 826 with two spaces below. This is to allocate additional space.

Therefore, since the width of the English alphabet display cell 822 is 0.5 times the width of the one-syllable Korean display cell 802 and the same height, one Korean character has a size corresponding to two English alphabets.

Receiver marking specifications for punctuation marks, including non-English Roman languages, Arabic numerals, and spaces between words, are the same as in English.

In the receiver, the character display processing method in the display cell should be opaque background processing or shadowed edge processing according to the 'background color specification' control code, and may be displayed by transforming the opaque background into a translucent background.

When the receiver displays characters using the opaque background processing method, the first part of each line and the last part of the last part of the line may be treated as an opaque background having a syllable Hangul character size to facilitate reading. .

The function of FIG. 5 set by the above-described control code will be described in more detail as follows.

The control code consists of a combination of two 9-bit words. LSWord contains D1, D2, and D3 bits for classifying functions. MSWord contains D9, D10, D11, and D12 bits for selecting one of the classified functions. Included.

Control codes are classified into color designation, attribute designation, display control, scrolling, cursor movement, action value and column positioning control code according to their function.

The color designation control code is a control code transmitted to change the foreground and background colors of the transmitted character data. Therefore, if you want to change the foreground and background of the character to be transmitted, you can send the character after transmitting the color specification code. The receiver sets the foreground and background colors by the most recently received color control code. In addition, the color of the foreground and background can be changed simultaneously or independently. Colors are black, red, magenta, blue, cyan, green, yellow and white, and the background color is transparent. The video of the program should be shown in the remaining parts of the display cell except for the characters. You need to outline it with a different color.

The character attribute control code is a control code transmitted to change the attribute of character data. Therefore, to change the attribute of the character to be transmitted, send the character code after sending the attribute designation control code first. You can specify Normal, Underline, Blink, and Inverse. Underlining, Blink, and Inverse work independently, so all of these attributes can be applied at once.

The function of each attribute designation control code is as follows.

▷ Underline: Underline it to display just below each character to be displayed.

▷ Blinking: The character to be displayed blinks. The previously displayed part does not blink, the later displayed part blinks, and the blink period varies depending on the receiver implementation.

▷ Reversed: The foreground and background colors currently used by the receiver are swapped.

▷ Normal: Displays the character as the default attribute by resetting all the attributes already specified.

Display method The control code is a control code transmitted to control the screen display method. The display code, screen erase, receive storage, horizontal writing, and vertical writing can be designated.

▷ Display: Display received text data on the screen (when roll-up, roll-down) or display data saved by 'receive save' control code on the screen. (when pop on).

▷ Save Receive: Save received character and control code until screen display.

▷ Horizontal writing: When displaying the character code that is received continuously on the screen without intervention of the position control code, move the next character position to the right of the current character.

▷ Vertical writing: When displaying the character code that is received continuously on the screen without intervention of the position change control code, move the next character position to the bottom of the current character.

The scroll control code is a control code for scrolling the screen by setting a certain portion of the subtitle area. The scroll control codes include '2-5 line roll-up' and '2-5 line roll-down'.

▷ 2 to 5 lines roll-up: Control code for scrolling the content up one line in the window consisting of 2 to 5 lines in the up direction including the current character display position (cursor position). The top row of the list disappears with scrolling and the bottom row is replaced with the most recently decoded characters. When using this control code, no separate APDR code is required, and all characters outside the designated window are deleted from the screen.

▷ 2 to 5 lines roll-down: Control code for scrolling window contents down one line in the window consisting of 2 to 5 lines in the downward direction including the current character display position (cursor position). Of the rows of, the bottom row disappears with scrolling and the top row is replaced with the most recently decoded characters. When using this control code, a separate APUR code is not needed, and all characters outside the designated window are deleted from the screen.

The scroll function is not used to display the additional information.

The position movement control code is a control code relating to the direction movement of a position to display a character.

▷ APF (Active Position Forward): When writing horizontally, move one half of Korean character (width of one English alphabet) in the main writing direction (right). When writing vertically, the height of Hangul kanji moves in the main direction (bottom).

▷ APB (Active Position Backward): When writing horizontally, move one half of Korean letter (width of one English alphabet) in the opposite direction (left) of main writing. In case of vertical writing, the height of Hangul kanji moves in the opposite direction (upward).

▷ APDR (Active Position Down Return): When writing horizontally, move to the leftmost character position (first column position) of the line just below the current character display position. In case of vertical writing, it moves to the top letter position (first row position) in the immediately left column of the current character display position. Moves the Hangul Hanja height in the main direction (bottom).

▷ APUR (Active Position Up Return): When writing horizontally, move to the leftmost character position (first column position) of the line immediately above the current character display position. In case of vertical writing, it moves to the top letter position (first row position) in the right column of the current character display position.

▷ 3 ~ 6 letters APF: When writing horizontally, APF should be 3 ~ 6 letters wide. In case of vertical writing, APF is executed as high as 3 ~ 6 letters.

The exception of position movement control is as follows. That is, in case of horizontal writing, when the character is displayed up to the rightmost character position of the line (column position 18), the appropriate position shift such as APDR, APUR, APB, 2-5 line roll-up, 2-5 line roll-down If a character code is received without an associated control code, the character is displayed by moving to the leftmost character position (first column position) of the line without changing the line. However, if the character code at this time is a space code, it should be ignored until a character code other than space code is received. In case of vertical writing, when characters are displayed up to the bottom character position of the column (line 10), control codes related to proper position movement such as APDR, APUR, APB, 2-5 line roll-up, 2-5 line roll-down If a character code is received without changing the column, the character is moved to the top letter position (first line position) of the column to display the character. However, if the character code at this time is a space code, it should be ignored until a character code other than space code is received.

Transmission of control code according to screen display method is as follows.

The order of control code transmission during pop-on is Receive Save + (Other Control Code) + String + (Other Control Code) + ...... + Screen Clear + Display + Receive Save + (Other Control Code) + String + (Other Control Code) + .... + Screen Delete + Screen Display + .... In order for the receiver to properly view the character information currently displayed in the pop-on manner, a proper delay time is necessary before the sender sends the blanking control code.

Control code transmission sequence in roll-up screen display + (other control code) + string + (other control code) + string + (2 ~ 5 lines roll-up) + screen display + (other control code) + string + (Other control codes) + String + (2 ~ 5 lines roll-up) + .... Each time a 2 to 5 roll-up control code is received, the outer area of the window must be cleared.

Control code transmission sequence during roll-down screen display + (other control code) + string + (other control code) + string + (2-5 lines roll-down) + screen display + (other control code) + string + (Other control codes) + String + (2 ~ 5 lines roll-down) + .... Each time a 2-5 line roll-down control code is received, the outer area of the window must be cleared.

The control code for vertical writing is as follows.

When the receiver decodes the vertical write control code, the progress direction of the Hangul characters displayed on the screen is changed to the column direction.

Vertical writing is mainly used when subtitles already exist in the broadcast contents. The structure of the character cell during vertical writing does not have to be the same as the character cell for each character during horizontal writing.

Referring to FIG. 9, the size of the display cells of all kinds of characters during vertical writing must match regardless of the size of the character cells for each character. For example, in consideration of the space between characters during vertical writing, the entire area occupied by one English alphabet on the screen should be the same as the entire area occupied by one syllable Korean characters.

When using font data for horizontal writing, the width of an English character cell is half the width of one syllable Korean character cell. Therefore, when displaying English character for vertical writing, the English character cell of the display cell is as shown in FIG. The position of is included in the right half of the Hangul character cell. In the case of vertical writing, since the underline position by the underline designation becomes the right side of the character cell, the structure of the display cell is different from that of the horizontal writing. This can be determined differently according to the field of view of the receiver. However, in vertical writing, the display cell should be large enough to contain all the character cells.

In the case of vertical writing, the column spacing should be wider than the line spacing so that the character matrix structure in the subtitle area is reconstructed. That is, the number of columns displayed in the receiver during vertical writing is 16 for widening the column spacing, and the number of characters that can be displayed for each column is 10. When writing vertically, all kinds of characters have the same size of text cells, so if you display the characters on the entire screen, you will have a 10-by-16 column matrix. This subtitle area shall coincide with the horizontal width of the subtitle area in horizontal writing and shall be smaller or equal in height.

Therefore, the column spacing during vertical writing becomes larger than the column spacing during horizontal writing, and the line spacing is smaller than or equal to, thus making vertical reading easier. The thermal gaps shall be equally spaced.

When no vertical position control code is received during vertical writing, the default position of the receiver is determined as the position of the first character of the 16th column.

In case of vertical writing, the direction of active position of cursor movement control codes (APDR, APUR, APF, APB, n-APF) is determined based on the vertical column. That is, down = left, up = right, forward = down, backward = up. APDR is defined as a control code to move to the top letter position (first row position) in the left column, and APUR is defined as a control code to move to the letter position (first row position) in the right column. do.

When writing vertically, two to five lines roll-up displays the contents of the window by scrolling one column to the right of the screen inside a window consisting of two to five right columns, including the current character display position (cursor position). As a control code, the rightmost column among the columns in the selected window disappears with scrolling and the leftmost column is replaced with the most recently decoded string. When using this control code, no separate APDR code is required, and all areas outside the 2 to 5 window are cleared. When scrolling vertically, two to five lines roll-down scrolls the contents of the window by one column to the left of the screen within a window consisting of two to five left columns, including the current character display position (cursor position). As a control code, the leftmost column among the columns in the selected window disappears with scrolling and the rightmost column is replaced with the most recently decoded string. This control code eliminates the need for a separate APUR code to move to the top right column for vertical writing. All areas outside the 2 to 5 windows are cleared.

The control code for additional information is as follows.

Since the additional information transmits a code of a page unit, 'page start' and 'page end' control codes are required for page processing. 'Start Page' interprets the 'two-line roll-up' of the subtitles, and 'End of Page' interprets the 'two-line roll-down' of the subtitles with the corresponding code.

▷ Page Start: It indicates the start of one page of additional information and the receiver starts to save one page upon receiving this code. If this code is not received at the beginning of the page, all data on this page is flushed.

▷ End of page: It indicates the end of one page of additional information and when receiver receives this code, the data of already received page is displayed on the screen.

When wrapping additional information, one of APDR, APUR, and column positioning control codes must be transmitted.

Additional Information Data Before displaying one page on the screen, the background color of the page to be displayed must be cleared so that a background color of one page unit is required. The background color code immediately following the 'Page Start' code is the page background color. If the background color code is not immediately after the 'Page Start' code, the page background color is previously used as the page background color.

Ignore vertical writing because it is intended for use with lower captions, such as news. Ignore the three to five line roll-ups and the three to five line roll downs.

Valid code identification and processing are as follows.

The procedure and processing for deciding a valid code by decoding a caption signal at a receiver are as follows.

① It is judged as valid code only when D7 and D16 are same.

② D17 and DO D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15 If D16 is the same and all are the same, a valid code is determined.

(3) If D5 and D6 are each (0,0), and D14 and D15 are each (0,0), the control code is determined.

If D5, D6 is (0,1) or (1,0) or (1,1), respectively, and D14, D15 is (0,1) or (1,0) or (1,1), respectively, the character code Determined.

If any one of D5, D6, D14, and D15 is (0,0) and the other is (0,1) or (1,0) or (1,1), the control code and the character code are simultaneously received. There is no case, so this code is determined to be an error.

④ In case of character code from ③ above, D8 and DO D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 Check if D7 is the same and if it is different, it is determined as an error.

⑤ If it is determined that it is not an error in ④ above, check if it is a character code defined in KSC5601 and if it is not defined, '?' or ' ', And if it is a defined code, display the corresponding character on the screen.

⑥ When the control code is identified in No. ③ above, D0 and D1 in LSWord D2 D3 D9 matches and D4 and D1 D2 D11 If D12 is matched, at least one is found to be an error.

⑦ If it is determined that it is not an error in ⑥ above, check if it is defined in the control code table of Fig. 5, and if it is not defined, it is determined as an error.

⑦ If the control code defined in the control code table in ⑥ above, the same LSWord and MSWord are waiting for repeated transmission.

⑧ If the same LSWord and MSWord are transmitted repeatedly, the control code is applied.

The above-mentioned valid code discrimination and processing show the most preferable embodiment and similarly, the modification is possible. For example, different combinations of parity of control codes may be mentioned. In particular, various methods may be employed to prevent errors in the control code.

The effects of the present invention described as described above will be described as follows.

10 is a flowchart for explaining a method of scrolling additional information according to the present invention.

A caption signal is extracted from the video signal of the received television signal, and digital data is recovered from the extracted caption signal.

An error of the restored data is detected, and it is checked whether the restored data is additional information (1000). Decodes the J code and checks whether it is the beginning of the page.If the beginning of the page, the character data corresponding to the character code is read from the font ROM in which the character data by the Hangul complete code is stored and stored in the display memory, and the character data stored in the display memory is video. The signal is converted into a signal and displayed on a screen (1004).

In response to the line break control code (1006), the character displayed on the screen is scrolled (1008). In response to the page termination control code (1010), the above steps are repeated.

11 to 15 show examples of scroll screen display of additional information.

For example, suppose that a broadcasting station transmits the following additional information. That is, the transmission code string of the weather forecast is: Page Start-Page Start-Green Background-Green Background-Yellow Letter-Yellow Letter-Second Row-Second Row-Fourth Column-Fourth Column-{== S Diary SS Forecast S ==}-4th Row-4th Row-4th Column-4th Column-{Seoul S Sunny SS0 Degree}-APDR-APDR-6APF-6APF-{Daejeon S Cloudy SS2 Degree}-APDR-APDR-1st 4th Column-4th Column-{Gwangju S Cloudy SS4 Degree}-APDR-APDR-6APF-6APF-{Busan S Ratio SSS3 Degree}-APDR-APDR-4th Column-4th Column-{Daegu S Rain SSS3 Degree} -APDR-APDR-4th column-4th column-{Chuncheon S-Eun SSS4 degree}-Page end-Page end.

The receiving device of the present invention receives the additional information transmitted from the broadcasting station and displays the additional information by scrolling upward by one line in response to the line break control signal. Of course, not only the upward direction but also the downward direction is possible on the same principle.

When displaying additional information, the user may forcibly specify a transparent background.

If the user holds the page display while the additional information page is displayed, the second page is stored in the buffer and the data of all pages received from the third page until the pause is released is ignored. If the pause is not released for more than 15 seconds, the receiver may release it automatically. In addition, an icon display indicating the pause state can be displayed on the screen.

The character attribute specified in the additional information page must be normally received by the normal control code. If the end-of-page control code is received without receiving the error, the character attribute must be returned to the normal state.

Since the receiver will not know when to operate, the broadcast operator must create a broadcast system that properly positions the code strings of the transmitters so that the control code for the display position can be broadcast once every four seconds.

If you do not know the exact position and mode of operation after the receiver is activated, the receiver of the basic service regulations displays the received character code at the default position. When the receiver receives the control code every 4 seconds, the receiver clears the existing display screen and changes the signal according to the new control code. It should work.

The broadcast operator shall designate and transmit information not related to the dialogue information of the broadcast program as an additional information code.

At this time, a broadcasting system must be established to protect the priority of the subtitles. Side information should be transmitted cyclically.

When broadcasting using the pip-on notation of the subtitles, the control code should be transmitted so that the subtitle subtitles can be erased properly. That is, if there is no subsequent metabolic content (voice signal) even after 5 seconds (depending on the amount of subtitles) after displaying the metabolism subtitle in one position, the screen erase control code is sent to clear the screen. It is good.

If the receiver does not know the location and operation after the start of the subtitle, the receiver operates by expressing the received character code as the default display specification in the default position of each mode, and then inserts the horizontal / vertical designation code and the line / column position designation code received every 4 seconds. Upon receipt, the display is cleared and operated according to the new control code.

If the user changes the television channel when using the subtitles and additional information, the caption operation is canceled and only the general television screen is displayed even if the caption signal is transmitted to the changed television channel.

When no special control code is received at the time the user selects the subtitle after turning on the receiver, the receiver maintains the property release status and immediately puts the white text on the black background at position 10 in the first column of the subtitle area in horizontal writing. Display.

The screen switching of the additional information mode is performed at the time of selecting the additional information or at the time of receiving the first page start control code after selecting the additional information.

If a special control code is not received at the time when the user selects the additional information after turning on the receiver, the white text is displayed on the black background from the position of the first column of the first row by horizontal writing in the attribute release state.

At least the following functions defined in the receiver can be operated by the remote control, and additional functions may be added to the receiver.

Indicates whether subtitle packets are received in the field

Show caption sensitivity

Bilingual presence

Indication of receiving additional information

Metabolism subtitle on / off function

Additional information on / off function

Additional information page hold function

Bilingual Subtitle Caption Selection

Vertical write protection

Therefore, in the present invention, in the viewer-selective subtitle broadcasting method and the receiving method, the additional information is stored in the receiving buffer in advance in units of pages, and the additional information is scrolled and displayed on the screen line by line, thereby adding it to a page memory. There is an advantage in that the information can be received and displayed, thereby reducing the cost of the receiving device.

Claims (2)

A method for scrolling additional information of a viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting in which subtitle information is inserted and transmitted on an arbitrary horizontal line that does not affect the broadcast signal in every field of the television signal, wherein the caption signal is extracted from the video signal of the received television signal. step; Restoring digital data from the extracted caption signal; Detecting an error of the recovered data; Checking whether the recovered data is additional information; Decoding the control code of the data to check whether the page is started; If the page starts, reading the character data corresponding to the character code from the font ROM in which the character data by the Hangul completion code is stored and storing in the display memory; Converting the character data stored in the display memory into a video signal and displaying the same on a screen; Scrolling characters displayed on the screen in response to the line break control code; And repeating the above steps in response to a page end control code. The method of claim 1, wherein the scrolling direction is scrolled up from a downward direction to an upward direction.