KR19980026929A - Titanium Compound Powder - Google Patents
Titanium Compound Powder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR19980026929A KR19980026929A KR1019960045515A KR19960045515A KR19980026929A KR 19980026929 A KR19980026929 A KR 19980026929A KR 1019960045515 A KR1019960045515 A KR 1019960045515A KR 19960045515 A KR19960045515 A KR 19960045515A KR 19980026929 A KR19980026929 A KR 19980026929A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- alkali metal
- tio
- titanium compound
- titanate
- compound
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- -1 Alkali metal titanate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002783 friction material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HGWOWDFNMKCVLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[Ti+4].[Ti+4] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[Ti+4].[Ti+4] HGWOWDFNMKCVLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 27
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 18
- AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O AOWKSNWVBZGMTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipotassium dioxido(oxo)titanium Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NJLLQSBAHIKGKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- WEUCVIBPSSMHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ca+2].[Ti+4] WEUCVIBPSSMHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium titanate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O VEALVRVVWBQVSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IEKHISJGRIEHRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid;propan-2-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CC(C)O.CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IEKHISJGRIEHRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLSFWPFWEPGCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylprop-2-enoyloxysilicon Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)O[Si] NLSFWPFWEPGCJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019492 Cashew oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMHKOAYRTRADAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [hydroxy(octoxy)phosphoryl] octyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCCCCCCCC UMHKOAYRTRADAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940007424 antimony trisulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NVWBARWTDVQPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony(3+);trisulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[S-2].[Sb+3].[Sb+3] NVWBARWTDVQPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001553 barium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007670 carcinogenicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000260 carcinogenicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940059459 cashew oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010467 cashew oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXDDJHKBOYNJPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;carboxylato carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)OC([O-])=O AXDDJHKBOYNJPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IYVLHQRADFNKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] IYVLHQRADFNKAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical compound [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CEUFDOMMNXNEDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyloxysilane Chemical compound [SiH3]OS CEUFDOMMNXNEDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical compound [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/003—Titanates
- C01G23/006—Alkaline earth titanates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/003—Titanates
- C01G23/005—Alkali titanates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D69/00—Friction linings; Attachment thereof; Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces
- F16D69/02—Composition of linings ; Methods of manufacturing
- F16D69/027—Compositions based on metals or inorganic oxides
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명의 티탄화합물입자는, RTiO3(R은 알카리토금속)로 표현된 알카리토금속티탄산염결정과, M2TinO2n+1(M은 알카리금속, n은 2~6의 정수)로 표현된 알카리금속티탄산염결정이 서로 혼합되어 있거나, 또는 이들 2종류의 결정과 2산화티탄( TiO2)결정이 서로 혼합되어 이루어진 미세덩어리형태이며, 이 입자로 이루어진 분말은, RO(R은 알카리토금속) 또는 가열시 RO로 되는 알카리토금속화합물, M2O(M은 알카리금속) 또는 가열시 M2O로 되는 알카리금속화합물, 및 TiO2또는 가열시 TiO2로 되는 티탄화합물로 부터 Z≥X+mY(Z는 TiO2의 몰수, X는 RO의 몰수, Y는 M2O의 몰수, Z, X, 및 Y는 각각 양수, m은 ZX+mY 일 때 6이거나, X=X+mY 일 때 2~6이다) 비율의 혼합물을 제조하고, 이 혼합물을 700~1300℃에서 열처리함으로서 제조된다. 또한, 이 분말을 바인더수지와 혼합한 다음 성형하여 마찰재로 한다.The titanium compound particles of the present invention are represented by an alkali earth metal titanate crystal represented by RTiO 3 (R is an alkaline earth metal) and M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 (M is an alkali metal, n is an integer of 2 to 6). Alkali metal titanate crystals are mixed with each other, or these two types of crystals and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) crystals are in the form of a fine mass formed by mixing with each other, and the powder composed of these particles is RO (R is an alkaline earth metal ), or when heating alkaline earth metal compound as RO, M 2 O (M is from the titanium compound in TiO 2 when an alkali metal compound, and TiO 2 or a heating furnace to M 2 O when the alkali metal) or heating Z≥X + mY (Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of RO, Y is the number of moles of M 2 O, Z, X, and Y are each positive, m is 6 when ZX + mY, or when X = X + mY) 2 to 6), and a mixture is heat-treated at 700 to 1300 占 폚. In addition, the powder is mixed with a binder resin and then molded to form a friction material.
Description
본 발명은 티탄화합물분말, 즉 알카리토금속의 티탄산염과 알카리금속의 티탄산염으로 이루어진 분말에 관한 것으로, 특히, 자동차, 철도차량, 항공기, 산업기계 등의 브레이크장치에 사용하는 브레이크라이닝, 디스크패드, 클러치페이싱 등의 마찰재의 기재로서 적합한 티탄화합물분말에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a titanium compound powder, i.e., a powder consisting of titanate of alkaline earth metal and titanate of alkali metal. Particularly, brake lining, disk pad, A titanium compound powder suitable as a substrate for friction materials such as clutch facings.
브레이크장치용 마찰재는, 바인더로서 작용하는 수지(페놀수지 또는 에폭시수지)에 기재물질을 분산하고, 필요에 따라 분산액내로 마찰마모조정제(황산바륨등의)를 배합하여 얻어진 조성물을 가열가압하여 성형함으로서 제조한다. 종래, 기재물질로서 크리서틸 아스베스토섬유가 사용되어 왔으나, 마찰표면의 온도증가에 의해 아스베스토계마찰재는 급격히 마모손상되어, 마찰계수의 급속한 감소를 내재하는 페이딩현상에 영향받기 쉬워지며, 게다가, 아스베스토섬유는 발암성이라고 하는 문제점을 지니고 있다.The friction material for brake devices is formed by dispersing a base material in a resin (phenol resin or epoxy resin) that acts as a binder and, if necessary, molding a composition obtained by blending a friction wear adjusting agent (such as barium sulfate) into the dispersion. Manufacture. Conventionally, Crystyl Asbestos fiber has been used as the base material, but asbestos friction material is rapidly damaged due to the increase of the friction surface temperature, it is easy to be affected by the fading phenomenon inherent in the rapid decrease of the friction coefficient. Asbestos fibers have a problem called carcinogenicity.
따라서, 아스베스토섬유의 대체물개발노력이 행해져 왔다.Therefore, efforts have been made to develop alternatives for asbestos fibers.
기재물질로서 유용한 것으로는, 예를 들어, M2TinO2n+1(식중, M은 K, Na, Li, Rb등의 알카리금속, n은 2~8의 정소)로 표현된 알카리금속의 티탄산염섬유가 있다(JP-A191599/1986). 이런 섬유는 대표적인 것으로는, 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti6O13)이 있다. 알카리금속의 티탄산염섬유는, 층상결정구조(예를 들면 n이 2,3 또는 4인 경우)이거나, 터널형결정구조(n이 6 또는 8인 경우)를 지닌 합성무기화합물이며, 강도, 내열성 및 내마모성이 뛰어나고, 마찰재로서 적합한 경도를 지니는 재료이다. 이와 같은 알카리금속의 티탄산염은, 용융가공, 즉, 2산화티탄과 알카리금속의 탄산염의 혼합물(TiO2/M2O몰비가 2인)을 가열용융하고 냉각하여 알카리금속의 2티탄산염(M2Ti2O5)을 형성하고, 알카리금속이온을 용해하도록 처리함으로서 화학조성을 조정하고, 열처리하여 결정구조로 전환시켜 제조된다.Useful materials for the base material include, for example, M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 (wherein M is an alkali metal such as K, Na, Li, and Rb, and n is a test compound of 2 to 8). Titanate fibers (JP-A191599 / 1986). Such fibers are representative of potassium hexatitanate (K 2 Ti 6 O 13 ). Alkali metal titanate fiber is a synthetic inorganic compound having a layered crystal structure (for example, when n is 2, 3 or 4) or a tunnel type crystal structure (if n is 6 or 8), and has strength and heat resistance. And a material having excellent wear resistance and hardness suitable as a friction material. Such an alkali metal titanate is melt-processed, that is, a mixture of titanium dioxide and an alkali metal carbonate (TiO 2 / M 2 O molar ratio of 2) is melted and cooled to obtain an alkali metal 2 titanate (M 2 Ti 2 O 5 ) is formed, and treated to dissolve the alkali metal ions to adjust the chemical composition, heat treatment to produce a crystal structure.
기재물질로서 알카리금속의 티탄산염섬유를 사용하여 제조한 마찰재는, 종래 아스베스토섬유를 사용한 마찰재에 비하여 마찰마모특성이 뛰어나지만, 이들 재료의 안티페이딩특성과 마찰계수를 더욱 향상시키는 것이 요망된다.The friction material produced by using alkali metal titanate fiber as the base material has superior friction wear characteristics as compared with the friction material using conventional asbestos fibers, but it is desired to further improve the antifading properties and coefficient of friction of these materials.
안티페이딩특성과 기타특성을 향상시키기 위해, 티탄산칼륨섬유와 알루미나-실리카섬유를 조합하여 사용하는 것이 제안되었으나, 알루미나-실리카섬유는 모흐경도가 대략 7정도로 단단하고 얻어진 마찰재는 조합에 의해 상대방의 연마특성이 과도하기 때문에 사용하기에는 바람직하지 않았다.In order to improve the antifading properties and other properties, it has been proposed to use a combination of potassium titanate fibers and alumina-silica fibers. However, the alumina-silica fibers have a hardness of approximately 7 Moh hardness, and the friction material obtained by the combination is used to polish the counterpart. It is not preferable to use because of excessive properties.
RTiO3(R은 Ca, Ba, Sr 또는 Mg 등의 알카리토금속)로 표현된 알카리토금속의 티탄산염은, 강도, 내열성, 열절연성, 내마모성 및 알카리금속티탄산염과 같은 기타특성이 우수한 티탄화합물로서 사용할 수 있다. 이들 티탄산염은 페로브스키형태의 결정구조를 지닌 합성무기화합물이고, 예를 들어, 바륨화합물분말을 함수 2산화티탄의 침상입자와 혼합함으로서(JP-A-88030/1982), 수화티탄산칼륨분말 또는 2산화티탄수화물을 함유하는 용액과, 2가금속이온을 폐쇄용기 혹은 열수상태하에 반응시킴으로서(JP-A-113623/1980), 결정성섬유형태의 2티탄산칼륨과 2가금속화합물수용액을 반응시킴으로서(JP-A-21799/1987), 알카리금속의 무기 또는 유기화합물과 유출물(예를 들면, 알카리금속의 할로겐화물)을 티탄원으로 작용하는 2티탄산칼륨 또는 6티탄산칼륨 등의 티탄산의 알카리금속염과 혼합하고 가열함으로서(JP-A-164800/1990), 또는 출발재로서 작용하는 섬유상 2산화티탄화합물 표면에 알카리토금속탄산염을 퇴적시키고 열처리함으로서 (JP-A-16917/1991)제조된다.Titanates of alkaline earth metals represented by RTiO 3 (R is an alkaline earth metal such as Ca, Ba, Sr or Mg) can be used as a titanium compound having excellent strength, heat resistance, thermal insulation, abrasion resistance and other properties such as alkali metal titanate. Can be. These titanates are synthetic inorganic compounds having a perovskite crystal structure. For example, by mixing barium compound powder with acicular particles of hydrous titanium dioxide (JP-A-88030 / 1982), hydrated potassium titanate powder Or by reacting a solution containing titanium dioxide hydrate with a divalent metal ion in a closed container or in a hydrothermal state (JP-A-113623 / 1980) to react potassium dicarbonate and a divalent metal compound aqueous solution in crystalline fiber form. (JP-A-21799 / 1987), alkalis of titanic acid, such as potassium dititanate or potassium hexatitanate, which act as titanium sources for inorganic or organic compounds of alkali metals and effluents (e.g., halides of alkali metals) It is prepared by mixing and heating with a metal salt (JP-A-164800 / 1990), or by depositing and heat treating alkaline earth carbonate on the surface of a fibrous titanium dioxide compound serving as a starting material (JP-A-16917 / 1991).
기재물질로서 알카리토금속티탄산염분말을 사용하여 제조한 마찰재는, 높은 마찰계수를 지님에도 불구하고, 상대방의 마모특성이 과도하게 되는 결점이 있다.The friction material produced by using an alkaline earth metal titanate powder as a base material has a drawback that the wear characteristic of the counterpart becomes excessive even though it has a high coefficient of friction.
앞서 티탄화합물을 합성하는 공정에 있어서의 향상 연구과정에서, 본 발명자는, 각각 알카리토금속티탄산염결정과 알카리금속티탄산염결정으로 이루어진 다른 티탄화합물입자로 이루어진 분말을, 조성이 조정된 출발재료를 사용하는 비교적 간단한 공정에 의해 제조하는데 성공하였고, 이 분말이, 예를 들면, 마찰재의 기재로서 매우 유용하여, 높은 마찰계수를 지니나, 다른 티탄화합물의 조합특성으로 상대방연마특성을 감소시킨 마찰재를 제공한다는 것을 발견하였고, 이와 같은 발견에 의거하여 본 발명을 완성하였다.In the course of the improvement research in the process of synthesizing the titanium compound, the present inventors use a starting material of which the composition is adjusted with a powder composed of other titanium compound particles each consisting of an alkali metal titanate crystal and an alkali metal titanate crystal. The powder is very useful as a substrate for friction materials, for example, and has a high coefficient of friction, but provides a friction material having a low frictional property due to the combination of other titanium compounds. The present invention was completed based on this finding.
본 발명의 티탄화합물분말로 이루어지는 입자는, 각각, RTiO3(R은 Ca, Ba, Sr 또는 Mg 등의 알카리토금속)로 표현된 알카리토금속의 티탄산염결정 및 M2TinO2n+1(M은 Li, Na, K 또는 Rb등의 알카리금속이고, n은 2~6의 정수)로 표현된 알카리금속의 티탄산염결정으로 이루어지고, 이들 2종류의 결정이 서로 섞여있는 미세덩어리 형태이다.Particles made of titanium compound powder of the present invention, respectively, RTiO 3 titanate crystals of the alkaline earth metal represented by (R is Ca, Ba, Sr or alkaline earth metal such as Mg) and M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 (M Is an alkali metal such as Li, Na, K or Rb, and n is an alkali metal titanate crystal represented by an integer of 2 to 6), and these two types of crystals are in the form of microlumps mixed with each other.
또한, 본 발명의 티탄화합물분말로 이루어지는 입자는 각각 RTiO3(R은 알카리토금속)으로 표현된 알카리토금속의 티탄산염결정, M2TinO2n+1(M은 알카리금속이고, n은 2~6의 정수)로 표현된 알카리금속의 티탄산염결정 및 2산화티탄(TiO2)결정으로 이루어지고, 이들 2종류의 결정이 서로 섞여있는 미세덩어리형태이다.Further, the particles composed of the titanium compound powder of the present invention are titanate crystals of alkaline earth metals represented by RTiO 3 (R is alkaline metal), M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 (M is alkali metal, n is 2 ~). It consists of a titanate crystal of an alkali metal and a titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) crystal represented by an integer of 6), and these two kinds of crystals are in the form of microlumps mixed with each other.
본 발명의 티탄화합물분말은, RO(R은 알카리토금속) 또는 가열시 RO로 되는 알카리토금속화합물, M2O(M은 알카리금속) 또는 가열시 M2O로 되는 알카리금속화합물 및 TiO2또는 가열시 TiO2로 되는 티탄화합물로부터, Z≥X+mYTitanium compound powder of the present invention, RO (R is an alkaline earth metal) or alkaline metal compound to be RO when heated, M 2 O (M is alkali metal) or alkali metal compound and TiO 2 or heated to M 2 O when heated From a titanium compound that is formed as TiO 2 , Z≥X + mY
(식중, Z은 TiO2의 몰수, X는 RO의 몰수, MgO의 몰수이고, X 및 Y는 서로 양수이며, m은 ZX+mY일 경우 6이고, m은 Z=X+mY일 경우 2~6이다)으로 표현된 비율의 혼합물을 제조하고, 이 혼합물을 700~1300℃에서 열처리함으로서 형성된다.(Wherein Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of RO and the number of moles of MgO, X and Y are each other positive, m is 6 when ZX + mY, and m is 2 to when Z = X + mY). 6), and a mixture is heat-treated at 700 to 1300 ° C.
원료성분의 비율을 Z=X+mY(m은 2~6)으로 되도록 조정하면, 가열반응생성물로서 각각 미세덩어리형태의 입자로 이루어진 분말이 얻어지며, 덩어리는 알카리토금속의 티탄산염(RTIO3)결정과, 알카리금속의 티탄산염(M2TinO2n+1)결정이 섞여 있는 것이다. 또 성분을 ZX+6Y로 조정하면, 가열반응은, 각각, 상기 2종류의 결정이 섞일때 2산화티탄(TiO2)결정으로 더욱 이루어진 미세덩어리형태의 입자로 이루어진 분말을 제공한다.When the ratio of the raw material component is adjusted to Z = X + mY (m is 2 to 6), a powder composed of particles in the form of microlumps is obtained as a heating reaction product, and the mass is titanate of alkaline earth metal (RTIO 3 ). A crystal and an alkali metal titanate (M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 ) crystal are mixed. When the component is adjusted to ZX + 6Y, the heating reaction provides a powder consisting of fine lump-shaped particles further composed of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) crystals when the two kinds of crystals are mixed.
또한, 본 발명은, 각각 RTiO3(R은 알카리토금속)으로 표현된 알카리토금속의 티탄산염결정과, M2TinO2n+1(M은 알카리금속, n은 2~6의 정수)로 표현된 알카리금속의 티탄산염결정으로 이루어지거나, 또는 이들 2종류의 결정과 2산화티탄(TiO2)결정으로 이루어진 티탄화합물입자로 구성된 분말과 적어도 바인더수지를 함유하는 원료혼합물을 성형하여 제조된 마찰재를 제공한다.In the present invention, the titanate crystals of alkaline earth metals represented by RTiO 3 (R is alkaline metal), respectively, and M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 (M is alkali metal, n is an integer of 2 to 6) A friction material produced by molding a raw material mixture comprising at least a binder resin and a powder composed of titanate crystals of alkali metals or titanium compound particles composed of two kinds of crystals and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) crystals. to provide.
도 1은 티탄산칼슘과 티탄산칼륨결정이 혼합되어 이루어진 미세덩어리형태의 티탄화합물입자의 전자현미경사진(X2000)1 is an electron micrograph (X2000) of a microlumped titanium compound particles formed by mixing calcium titanate and potassium titanate crystals.
도 2는 도 1의 티탄화합물을 확대도시한 전자현미경사진(X8000)2 is an electron micrograph (X8000) showing an enlarged view of the titanium compound of FIG.
도 3은 티탄산칼슘의 단일상으로 이루어진 입자의 전자현미경사진(X2000)3 is an electron micrograph (X2000) of particles consisting of a single phase of calcium titanate
도 4는 티탄산칼륨의 단일상으로 이루어진 입자의 전자현미경사진(X2000)Figure 4 is an electron micrograph (X2000) of particles consisting of a single phase of potassium titanate
티탄화합물분말의 제조Preparation of Titanium Compound Powder
티탄화합물로 이루어진 본 발명의 분말은 하기 설명하는 방법으로 제조된다.The powder of the present invention made of a titanium compound is prepared by the method described below.
티탄화합물입자로 이루어진 본 발명의 분말은, RO(R은 알카리토금속) 또는 가열시 RO로 되는 알카리토금속화합물, M2O(M은 알카리금속) 또는 가열시 M2O로 되는 알카리금속화합물, 및 TiO2또는 가열시 TiO2로 되는 티탄산염의 소정비율로 이루어진 원료분말혼합물을 열처리함으로서 형성된다.Powder of the present invention consisting of titanium compound particles, RO (R is an alkali metal) or alkaline metal compound to be RO when heated, M 2 O (M is an alkali metal) or an alkali metal compound that is M 2 O when heated, and It is formed by heat-treating a raw powder mixture composed of TiO 2 or a predetermined ratio of titanate to TiO 2 when heated.
RO 또는 가열시 RO로 되는 알카리토금속화합물로서 사용할 수 있는 것으로는, Ca, Ba, Sr, Mg 등의 산화물, 탄산염, 황산염, 질산염, 할로겐화물(예를 들면, 염소화물 및 불소화물), 수산화물 등이 있다. M2O 또는 가열시 M2O로 되는 알카리금속화합물로서 유용한 것으로는, Li, Na, K, Rb 등의 산화물, 탄산염, 황산염, 질산염, 할로겐화물(예를 들면, 염소화물 및 불소화물), 수산화물 등이 있다.As an alkaline metal compound which becomes RO or RO when heated, oxides such as Ca, Ba, Sr, Mg, carbonates, sulfates, nitrates, halides (for example, chlorides and fluorides), hydroxides, and the like can be used. There is this. M 2 O, or are useful as the alkali metal compound to the M 2 O when heated that is, Li, Na, K, oxide, carbonate, sulfate, nitrate, halide such as Rb (for example, chlorinated and fluoride), Hydroxides and the like.
또, TiO3또는 가열시 TiO2로 되는 티탄화합물로서 유용한 것으로는, 정제된 예추석분말, 정제된 금홍석분말 및 각종 기타화합물(할로겐화물, 황산염, 질산염 및 수산화물)이 있다.Useful titanium compounds which become TiO 3 or TiO 2 upon heating include purified anatase powders, purified rutile powders and various other compounds (halogenates, sulfates, nitrates and hydroxides).
원료분말혼합물은, 알카리토금속화합물, 알카리금속화합물 및 티탄화합물을 Z≥X+mY(Z는 TiO2의 몰수, X는 RO의 몰수, Y는 M2O의 몰수, Z, X 및 Y는 각각 양수, m은 ZX+mY일 경우 6이거나, m은 Z=X+mY일 경우 2~6이다)의 비율로 혼합함으로서 제조된다. 보다 상세하게는, 몰수로 계산한 티탄화합물의 비율을 RO(RTiO3형성반응)에 의한 반응 및 M2O(M2TinO2n+1형성반응)에 의한 반응올 소모되는 양의 총계에 상응하거나 또는 이 보다 많은 양으로 조정한다.The raw powder mixture is composed of an alkali metal compound, an alkali metal compound and a titanium compound in which Z≥X + mY (Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of RO, Y is the number of moles of M 2 O, and Z, X and Y are respectively Positive number, m is 6 when ZX + mY, or m is 2-6 when Z = X + mY). More specifically, the ratio of the titanium compound calculated in moles is based on the total amount of reaction consumed by RO (RTiO 3 formation reaction) and M 2 O (M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 formation reaction). Adjust to equivalent or greater amount.
원료분말혼합물은 건조분말형태로 열처리하거나, 이런 원료혼합물의 슬러리를 스프레이 건조한 다음 열처리하거나, 소량의 물과 바인더를 원료혼합물에 첨가한 뒤 열처리하거나, 원료혼합물을 세라믹을 가압하고 열처리하는 통상의 방법으로 성형한다.The raw powder mixture may be heat-treated in the form of a dry powder, or spray dried and then heat-treated slurry of the raw material mixture, or a small amount of water and a binder are added to the raw material mixture, followed by heat treatment, or the raw material mixture may be pressurized and heat treated. Molding
열처리는 700~1300℃에서 혼합물을 적당한 시간(예를 들면 0.5~5시간)동안 유지함으로서 행한다.The heat treatment is carried out by maintaining the mixture at a suitable time (for example, 0.5 to 5 hours) at 700 to 1300 ° C.
원료분말혼합물의 열처리시, 알카리금속화합물은 용융시 플럭스로서 작용하고, TiO2는 용융시 RO와 반응한다(알카리토금속티탄산염(RTiO3) 형성반응) 또한, 혼합물의 M2O는 TiO2와 반응하여 알카리금속티탄산염(M2TinO2n+1)을 형성한다. 그러므로, 무기 화합물을 제조하는 통상의 플럭스공정과 달리, 반응혼합물로부터 플럭스를 제거할 필요가 없고, 원료내에 존재하는 알카리금속성분은 티탄화합물분말의 제조에 낭비 없이 모두 사용된다.Heat treatment of the raw material powder mixture, an alkali metal compound acts as a flux during melting and, TiO 2 reacts with RO during melting (alkaline earth metal titanate (RTiO 3) forming reaction) Further, M 2 O of the mixture and TiO 2 Reaction forms alkali metal titanate (M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 ). Therefore, unlike the conventional flux process for producing the inorganic compound, there is no need to remove the flux from the reaction mixture, and the alkali metal components present in the raw materials are all used without waste for the production of the titanium compound powder.
본 발명의 제조공정에서, 알카리금속화합물은 플럭스로서 작용하여, 비교적 저온에서 미세알카리토금속결정을 형성하게 한다. 이들 결정이 고분산되어 분리하게 되면, 결정성장은 방해되며, 게다가, 알카리토금속화합물의 존재 혹은 알카리토금속티탄산염의 형성은 알카리금속티탄산염의 통상의 침상결정의 성장을 방해하여 다소 관상인 결정을 형성하게 된다. 따라서, 매우 미세한 결정이, 수십미크론크기로 측정되는 미세덩어리형태인 입자로 모아지게 된다. 원료혼합물이 적당한 크기(예를 들면, 10~100㎛)로 스프레이 건조된 입자형태이고, 열처리된 경우, 얻어진 입자는 일반적으로 구형형상이다(도 1참조).In the production process of the present invention, the alkali metal compound acts as a flux to form microalkaline metal crystals at a relatively low temperature. If these crystals are highly dispersed and separated, crystal growth is hindered, and in addition, the presence of alkaline metal compounds or the formation of alkaline metal titanates can interfere with the growth of ordinary acicular crystals of alkali metal titanates to form somewhat tubular crystals. To form. Thus, very fine crystals are collected into particles in the form of microlumps measured on the order of tens of microns. When the raw material mixture is in the form of particles spray-dried to an appropriate size (for example, 10 to 100 µm), and heat-treated, the obtained particles are generally spherical (see FIG. 1).
원료분말혼합물은 X 및 Y의 몰수 사이에서 임의의 비율을 지닌다. 열처리로 얻은 분말의 알카리토금속티탄산염(RTiO3)대 알카리금속티탄산염(M2TinO2n+1)의 양비(몰비)는 X 대 Y의 몰수비, 즉, 원료혼합물의 X/Y에 상응한다.The raw powder mixture has any ratio between the moles of X and Y. The ratio (molar ratio) of the alkali metal titanate (RTiO 3 ) to the alkali metal titanate (M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 ) of the powder obtained by the heat treatment is a molar ratio of X to Y, that is, X / Y of the raw material mixture. Corresponds.
원료혼합물의 성분비율을 Z=X+mY로 조정하면, 열처리로 얻은 분말입자는 2종류의 결정, 즉, 알카리토금속티탄산염(RTiO3)과 알카리금속티탄산염(M2TinO2n+1)로 이루어진다. 비율을 ZX+6Y로 조정하면, 얻어지는 분말입자는, 2종류의 결정에 더하여 제 3상으로서 2산화티탄(TiO2)결정을 포함하며 (Z-(X+6Y)에 대응하는 양(몰수)으로), 이들 3종류의 결정은 서로 섞여 있다.When the composition ratio of the raw material mixture is adjusted to Z = X + mY, the powder particles obtained by the heat treatment have two kinds of crystals, namely, alkali metal titanate (RTiO 3 ) and alkali metal titanate (M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1). ) When the ratio is adjusted to ZX + 6Y, the powder particles obtained contain titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) crystals as the third phase in addition to the two kinds of crystals and the amount (moles) corresponding to (Z- (X + 6Y)). These three types of crystals are mixed with each other.
알카리토금속티탄산염(RTiO3)형성반응은 저온에서 발생하는 것에 실패하므로 열처리온도는, 적어도 700℃이며, 바람직한 처리온도는 적어도 800℃이상이다. 처리온도의 상한은, 형성된 알카리금속티탄산염결정의 용융을 피하기 위해 1300℃이어야 하며, 바람직한 상한은 1200℃이다.Alkaline metal titanate (RTiO 3 ) formation reactions fail to occur at low temperatures, so the heat treatment temperature is at least 700 ° C, and the preferred treatment temperature is at least 800 ° C. The upper limit of the treatment temperature should be 1300 占 폚 to avoid melting of the formed alkali metal titanate crystals, and the upper limit is preferably 1200 占 폚.
도 1 및 도 2는, 티탄산칼슘(알카리토금속의 티탄산염)의 매우 미세한 결정과, 6티탄산칼륨(알카리금속의 티탄산염)의 매우 미세한 결정이 함께 섞여 이루어진 미세덩어리형태이며, 입자가 Z=X+6Y(Z, X 및 Y는 양수)일 때 형성되는 티탄화합물 입자의 전자현미경사진이다. 이들 사진에서, 커다란 관상결정은 6티탄산칼륨이고, 작은 결정은 티탄산칼슘이다. 참고로, 도 3은, Z=X+mY(Y는 0)일 때 도 1과 마찬가지로 공정으로 제조된 티탄산칼슘의 단일상으로 이루어진 입자의 전자현미경사진이다. 입자의 결정은 일반적으로 입방체이며, 티탄산칼슘은 도 1의 결정크기의 적어도 수십배의 크기를 지닌다.FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a microlump form in which very fine crystals of calcium titanate (titanate of alkali metal) and very fine crystals of potassium hexatitanate (titanate of alkali metal) are mixed together, and the particles are Z = X. Electron micrographs of titanium compound particles formed when + 6Y (Z, X and Y are positive). In these photographs, the large tubular crystal is potassium hexatitanate and the small crystal is calcium titanate. For reference, FIG. 3 is an electron micrograph of particles composed of a single phase of calcium titanate prepared by a process similar to FIG. 1 when Z = X + mY (Y is 0). The crystals of the particles are generally cubic and the calcium titanate is at least tens of times the crystal size of FIG. 1.
도 4는, Z=X+mY(X는 0, m은 6)일 때, 도 1과 마찬가지 공정으로 제조된 6티탄산칼륨의 단일상으로 이루어진 입자의 전자현미경사진이며, 입자의 결정은, 도 1과 달리, 미세침상섬유형태이다.FIG. 4 is an electron micrograph of particles consisting of a single phase of potassium hexatitanate prepared by the same process as in FIG. 1 when Z = X + mY (where X is 0 and m is 6). Unlike 1, it is in the form of fine needle fibers.
티탄화합물분말의 실시예Example of titanium compound powder
다음 본 발명에 따른 티탄화합물분말의 특정예에 대해 설명한다.Next, specific examples of the titanium compound powder according to the present invention will be described.
TiO2또는 티탄산염으로서 정제된 예추석분말을 사용하고, 알카리토금속화합물로서 탄산칼륨, 탄산바륨, 탄산스트론튬 혹은 탄산마그네슘을 사용한다. 이들 분말형태의 원료화합물을 적당히 혼합하고, 이 혼합물에 적당량의 물(분말의 조합량의 2배에 상당한다)을 첨가하여 슬러리를 제조하고, 스프레이 건조하여 입자(평균입경이 40㎛인)로 한다.Purified anatase powder is used as TiO 2 or titanate, and potassium carbonate, barium carbonate, strontium carbonate or magnesium carbonate is used as the alkaline earth compound. These powdery raw materials are mixed appropriately, and an appropriate amount of water (corresponding to twice the combined amount of powder) is added to the mixture to prepare a slurry, followed by spray drying to form particles (with an average particle diameter of 40 µm). do.
건조입자혼합물을 알루미나도가니에 장입하여 전기오븐에서 열처리하여(열처리온도: 표 1참조, 열처리시간: 1시간), 티탄화합물분말(입자크기 10~100㎛, 평균입자 크기 33㎛)을 얻는다.The dry particle mixture is charged into an alumina crucible and heat treated in an electric oven (heat treatment temperature: see Table 1, heat treatment time: 1 hour) to obtain a titanium compound powder (particle size of 10 to 100 µm, average particle size of 33 µm).
표 1에 원료혼합물분말의 비율과 얻어진 분말의 결정조성을 나타내었다. 각각의 원료화합물은 가열시의 형태이다.Table 1 shows the ratio of the raw material mixture powder and the crystal composition of the powder obtained. Each raw compound is in heating form.
[표 1]TABLE 1
표 1의 No.1~No.4에 의하면, 원료화합물분말의 비율은 Z=X+6Y(Z은 TiO2의 몰수, X는 CaO의 몰수, Y는 K2O의 몰수)로 조정한다. 얻어진 분말은, 티탄산칼슘(CaTiO3)결정을 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti6O13)결정과 혼합한 티탄화합물입자로 이루어진다. 티탄산칼슘과 6티탄산칼륨의 양비(몰비)는 원료분말혼합물에서의 CaO 대 K2O의 몰비(X/Y)에 상응한다.According to Nos. 1 to 4 of Table 1, the ratio of the raw material powder is adjusted to Z = X + 6Y (where Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of CaO and Y is the number of moles of K 2 O). The obtained powder consists of titanium compound particles obtained by mixing calcium titanate (CaTiO 3 ) crystals with potassium 6 titanate (K 2 Ti 6 O 13 ) crystals. The amount ratio (molar ratio) of calcium titanate and potassium hexa titanate corresponds to the molar ratio (X / Y) of CaO to K 2 O in the raw powder mixture.
No.5에 의하면, 원료화합물분말의 비율을 Z=X+6Y(Z은 TiO2의 몰수, X는 BaO의 몰수, Y는 K2O의 몰수이다)로 조정하였으며, 얻어진 분말은 티탄산바륨(BaTiO3)결정이 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti6O12)결정과 혼합되어 있는 티탄화합물입자로 이루어진다. 티탄산바륨 대 6티탄산칼륨의 양비(몰비)는 원료분말혼합물에서 BaO 대 K2O의 몰비(X/Y)에 상응한다.According to No. 5, the ratio of the starting compound powder was adjusted to Z = X + 6Y (Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of BaO, Y is the number of moles of K 2 O), and the obtained powder was barium titanate ( The BaTiO 3 ) crystal is composed of titanium compound particles mixed with potassium 6 titanate (K 2 Ti 6 O 12 ) crystal. The amount ratio (molar ratio) of barium titanate to potassium hexatitanate corresponds to the molar ratio (X / Y) of BaO to K 2 O in the raw powder mixture.
No.6에 의하면, 원료화합물분말의 비율은 Z=X+6Y(Z은 TiO2의 몰수, X는 SrO의 몰수, Y는 K2O의 몰수)로 조정되어 있으며, 얻어진 분말은 티탄산스트론튬(SrTiO3)결정이 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti6O13)결정과 혼합된 티탄화합물입자로 이루어져 있다. 티탄산스트론튬 대 6티탄산칼륨의 양비(몰비)는 원료분말혼합물에서 SrO 대 K2O의 몰비(X/Y)에 상응한다.According to No. 6, the proportion of the starting compound powder is adjusted to Z = X + 6Y (Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of SrO, Y is the number of moles of K 2 O), and the obtained powder is made of strontium titanate ( SrTiO 3 ) crystal is composed of titanium compound particles mixed with potassium 6 titanate (K 2 Ti 6 O 13 ) crystal. The ratio (molar ratio) of strontium titanate to potassium hexa titanate corresponds to the molar ratio (X / Y) of SrO to K 2 O in the raw powder mixture.
No.7에 의하면, 원료화합물분말의 비율은, Z=X+6Y(Z은 TiO2의 몰수, X는 MgO의 몰수, Y는 K2O의 몰수)로 조정되어 있으며, 얻어진 분말은 티탄산마그네슘(MgTiO3)결정이 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti6O13)결정과 혼합되어 있는 티탄화합물입자로 이루어져 있다. 티탄산마그네슘 대 6티탄산칼륨의 양비(몰비)는 원료분말혼합물에서 MgO 대 K2O의 몰비(X/Y)에 상응한다.According to No. 7, the ratio of the starting compound powder is adjusted to Z = X + 6Y (Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of MgO, Y is the number of moles of K 2 O), and the obtained powder is magnesium titanate. The (MgTiO 3 ) crystal is composed of titanium compound particles mixed with potassium 6 titanate (K 2 Ti 6 O 13 ) crystal. The ratio (molar ratio) of magnesium titanate to potassium hexa titanate corresponds to the molar ratio (X / Y) of MgO to K 2 O in the raw powder mixture.
No.8에 의하면, 원료화합물분말의 비율은, Z=X+4Y(Z은 TiO2의 몰수, X는 CaO의 몰수, Y는 K2O의 몰수)로 조정되어 있으며, 얻어진 분말은 티탄산칼슘(CaTiO3)결정이 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti4O9)결정과 혼합되어 있는 티탄화합물입자로 이루어져 있다. 티탄산칼슘 대 4티탄산칼륨의 양비(몰비)는 원료혼합물에서 CaO 대 K2O의 몰비(X/Y)에 상응한다.According to No. 8, the proportion of the starting compound powder is adjusted to Z = X + 4Y (Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of CaO, Y is the number of moles of K 2 O), and the powder obtained is calcium titanate. The (CaTiO 3 ) crystal consists of titanium compound particles mixed with potassium 6 titanate (K 2 Ti 4 O 9 ) crystal. The ratio (molar ratio) of calcium titanate to potassium tetra titanate corresponds to the molar ratio (X / Y) of CaO to K 2 O in the feed mixture.
No.9에 의하면, 원료화합물분말의 비율은, Z=X+3Y(Z은 TiO2의 몰수, X는 CaO의 몰수, Y는 Na2O의 몰수)로 조정되어 있으며, 얻어진 분말은 티탄산칼슘(CaTiO3)결정이 3티탄산나트륨(Na2Ti3O7)결정과 혼합되어 있는 티탄화합물입자로 이루어져 있다. 티탄산칼슘 대 3티탄산나트륨의 양비(몰비)는 원료분말혼합물에서 CaO 대 Na2O의 몰비(X/Y)에 상응한다.According to No. 9, the proportion of the starting compound powder is adjusted to Z = X + 3Y (Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of CaO, Y is the number of moles of Na 2 O), and the obtained powder is calcium titanate. The (CaTiO 3 ) crystal consists of titanium compound particles mixed with a sodium trititanate (Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 ) crystal. The molar ratio (molar ratio) of calcium titanate to sodium trititanate corresponds to the molar ratio (X / Y) of CaO to Na 2 O in the raw powder mixture.
No.10에 의하면, 원료화합물분말의 비율은, Z=X+5.5Y(Z은 TiO2의 몰수, X는 CaO의 몰수, Y는 K2O의 몰수)로 조정되어 있으며, 얻어진 분말은 티탄산칼슘(CaTiO3)결정, 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti6O13)결정 및 4티탄산칼륨(K2Ti4O9)결정으로 이루어져 있고, 이들 3종류의 결정이 서로 섞여 있는 티탄화합물입자로 이루어져 있다. 입자의 K2Ti6O13대 K2Ti4O9의 양비(몰비)는 1/1이고, 입자의 CaTiO3대 K2Ti6O13과 K2Ti4O9조합량의 양비(몰비)는 원료분말혼합물의 CaO 대 K2O의 몰비(X/Y)에 상응한다.According to No. 10, the ratio of the starting compound powder is adjusted to Z = X + 5.5Y (Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of CaO, Y is the number of moles of K 2 O), and the obtained powder is titanic acid. It consists of calcium (CaTiO 3 ) crystals, potassium 6 titanate (K 2 Ti 6 O 13 ) crystals and potassium tetra titanate (K 2 Ti 4 O 9 ) crystals, and these three types of crystals are composed of titanium compound particles mixed with each other. have. The ratio (molar ratio) of K 2 Ti 6 O 13 to K 2 Ti 4 O 9 of the particles is 1/1, and the ratio (molar ratio of CaTiO 3 to K 2 Ti 6 O 13 and K 2 Ti 4 O 9 combined amount of particles) ) Corresponds to the molar ratio (X / Y) of CaO to K 2 O of the raw powder mixture.
No.11에 의하면, 원료화합물분말의 비율은, Z=X+6Y(Z은 TiO2의 몰수, X는 CaO의 몰수, Y는 K2O의 몰수)로 조정되어 있으며, 얻어진 분말은, 티탄산칼슘(CaTiO3)결정, 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti6O13)결정 및 2산화티탄(TiO2)결정이 서로 섞여서 이루어진 티탄화합물입자로 이루어져 있다. 입자의 CaTiO3대 K2Ti6O13의 양비(몰비)는 원료분말혼합물의 CaO 대 K2O의 몰비(X/Y)에 상응한다. 또, 형성된 산화티탄의 양(몰비)은 Z과 (X+6Y)사이의 차이에 상응한다.According to No. 11, the proportion of the starting compound powder is adjusted to Z = X + 6Y (Z is the number of moles of TiO 2 , X is the number of moles of CaO, Y is the number of moles of K 2 O), and the obtained powder is titanic acid. It consists of titanium compound particles formed by mixing calcium (CaTiO 3 ) crystals, potassium 6 titanate (K 2 Ti 6 O 13 ) crystals and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) crystals. The ratio (molar ratio) of CaTiO 3 to K 2 Ti 6 O 13 of the particles corresponds to the molar ratio (X / Y) of CaO to K 2 O of the raw powder mixture. In addition, the amount (molar ratio) of titanium oxide formed corresponds to the difference between Z and (X + 6Y).
상술한 바와 같이, 티탄화합물분말은 알카리토금속티탄산염(RTiO3, R은 알카리토금속) 및 알카리금속티탄산염(M2TinO2n+1, M은 알카리금속)의 비율과, 알카리금속티탄산염(M2TinO2n+1)의 종류가 다르거나, 또는 2산화티탄(TiO2)의 존재여부에 관해 다르거나 혹은, 원료분말혼합물에 포함되는 TiO2, RO, M2O의 비율을 조정함으로서, 이들 비율이 다른것 등을 사용할 수 있다.As described above, the titanium compound powder is an alkali metal titanate (RTiO 3 , R is an alkali metal) and an alkali metal titanate (M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 , M is an alkali metal) and an alkali metal titanate. The ratios of TiO 2 , RO, and M 2 O contained in the raw material powder mixtures are different depending on the type of (M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 ) or the presence of titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ). By adjusting, these ratios etc. can be used.
마찰재의 형성Formation of friction material
이하, 본 발명의 마찰재에 대해 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the friction material of this invention is demonstrated.
마찰재는 기재분말과 바인더수지를 혼합하고, 이 혼합물을 성형함으로서 형성된다. 사용되는 기재분말은 RTiO3(R은 알카리토금속)으로 표현된 알카리토금속티탄산염의 결정과 M2TinO2n+1(M은 알카리금속, n은 2~6의 정수)로 표현된 알카리금속티탄산염의 결정, 혹은, 이들 2종류의 결정과 2산화티탄(TiO2)결정으로 이루어지는 티탄화합물입자로 이루어진 분말이다.The friction material is formed by mixing the base powder and the binder resin and molding the mixture. The base powder used is a crystal of alkaline metal titanate represented by RTiO 3 (R is an alkaline earth metal) and an alkali metal represented by M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 (M is an alkali metal and n is an integer of 2 to 6). It is a powder consisting of crystals of titanate or titanium compound particles composed of these two kinds of crystals and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) crystals.
기재로서 사용되는 티탄화합물분말은 소정비율의 결정상으로 이루어진다. 그러나, 알카리토금속티탄산염(RTiO3)과 알카리금속티탄산염(M2TinO2n+1)이 RTiO3/ M2TinO2n+1의 몰비로(0.2~40)/1로 이루어진 2상구조의 분말과, 티탄산염과 함께 2산화티탄(TiO2)이 RTiO3/M2TinO2n+1의 몰비로 (0.2~40)/1/(0.1~20)로 이루어진 3상 구조의 분말인 것이 바람직하다.Titanium compound powder used as a base material consists of a crystal phase of predetermined ratio. However, the alkali metal titanate (RTiO 3 ) and the alkali metal titanate (M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 ) are each composed of (0.2-40) / 1 in a molar ratio of RTiO 3 / M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 . Three- phase structure consisting of a powder of phase structure and titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) together with titanate in a molar ratio of RTiO 3 / M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 (0.2-40) / 1 / (0.1-20) It is preferable that it is a powder of.
적당하게는, 티탄화합물분말의 비율은 전체마찰재에 대해 3~50wt%이다. 비율이 3wt%이하이면, 분말은 소정효과를 충분히 발휘할 수 없고, 반면, 50wt%이상이면, 내마찰마모성의 향상효과를 높일 수 없고, 과도한 사용은 별 실익이 없다.Suitably, the proportion of the titanium compound powder is 3 to 50 wt% based on the total friction material. If the ratio is 3 wt% or less, the powder cannot sufficiently exhibit a predetermined effect, while if it is 50 wt% or more, the effect of improving frictional wear resistance cannot be enhanced, and excessive use has little benefit.
본 발명의 마찰재용 기재물질로서 티탄화합물분말과 조합하여 다른 공지의 재료를 사용할 수 있다. 이런 재료의 예로는, 폴리아미드(나일론)섬유, 아라미드섬유, 아크릴섬유, 스틸섬유, 스텐레스스틸섬유, 구리섬유, 청동섬유, 탄소섬유, 유리섬유, 알루미나, 실리카섬유, 미네랄울, 목재펄프 등을 들 수 있고, 이런 재료의 적어도 1종이상을 소망에 따라 선택사용한다. 이들 공지의 기재물질은 물질과 티탄화합물분말의 조합량으로 계산하여, 특히 한정된 것은 아니지만, 10~65wt%비율로 사용할 수 있다.As the base material for the friction material of the present invention, other known materials can be used in combination with the titanium compound powder. Examples of such materials include polyamide (nylon) fibers, aramid fibers, acrylic fibers, steel fibers, stainless steel fibers, copper fibers, bronze fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, alumina, silica fibers, mineral wool, wood pulp, and the like. And at least one or more of these materials may be selected and used as desired. These known base materials are calculated by the combined amount of the substance and the titanium compound powder, and are not particularly limited, but may be used at a ratio of 10 to 65 wt%.
필요에 따라 분산성과 바인더수지에 대한 점착성을 향상시키기 위해, 기재물질을, 사용전에 통상의 방법으로, 실란커플링제(아미노실란, 비닐실란, 에폭시실란, 메타크릴옥시실란 또는 메르캅토옥시실란등의)또는 티탄산염커플링제(이소프로필트리이소스테아로일 티탄산염 또는 디-(디옥틸피로포스페이트)에틸렌 티탄산염등의)를 사용하여 표면처리(커플링처리)한다.In order to improve the dispersibility and adhesion to the binder resin, if necessary, the base material may be used in a conventional manner, such as a silane coupling agent (aminosilane, vinylsilane, epoxysilane, methacryloxysilane or mercaptooxysilane). Or a titanate coupling agent (such as isopropyltriisostearoyl titanate or di- (dioctylpyrophosphate) ethylene titanate).
마찰마모특성(마찰계수, 내마모성, 진동특성 및 소음등의)을 향상시킬 필요가 있는 경우, 본 발명의 마찰재에, 예를 들면, 가황 혹은 미가황천연 혹은 합성고무분말, 캐슈수지입자, 수지더스트 및 고무더스트 등의 유기분말, 천연 혹은 합성그래파이트, 마이카, 2황화몰리브덴, 3황화안티몬, 황산바륨 및 탄산칼슘분말 등의 무기분말, 구리, 알루미늄, 아연 및 철분말 등의 금속분말, 알루미나, 실리카, 지르콘, 산화크롬, 산화구리, 3산화안티몬, 2산화티탄 및 산화철분말 등의 산화물분말에서 선택된 공지의 마찰마모조정제의 적어도 1종을 적당량(예를 들면, 20~70wt%)배합한다.When it is necessary to improve the friction wear characteristics (such as friction coefficient, abrasion resistance, vibration characteristics and noise), the friction material of the present invention may be, for example, vulcanized or unvulcanized natural or synthetic rubber powder, cashew resin particles, resin dust, and the like. And organic powders such as rubber dust, inorganic powders such as natural or synthetic graphite, mica, molybdenum disulfide, antimony trisulfide, barium sulfate and calcium carbonate powder, metal powders such as copper, aluminum, zinc and iron powder, alumina and silica At least one known friction wear modifier selected from oxide powders such as zircon, chromium oxide, copper oxide, antimony trioxide, titanium dioxide and iron oxide powder is appropriately blended (for example, 20 to 70 wt%).
통상의 마찰재와 같이, 본 발명의 마찰재에 사용 및 사용모드에 따라 부식억제제, 윤활제, 및 마모제 등의 각종첨가제를 적당량(예를 들면, 50wt%까지)을 배합한다.Like a conventional friction material, an appropriate amount (for example, up to 50 wt%) of various additives such as a corrosion inhibitor, a lubricant, and a wear agent is blended in the friction material of the present invention according to the use and mode of use.
바인더수지의 예로는, 페놀수지, 포름알데히드수지, 에폭시수지, 실리콘수지 및 열경화성수지, 이들 수지에서 제조한 변성(캐슈오일변성 또는 건조변성)열경화성수지, 천연고무, 스티렌-부타디엔고무, 니트릴고무 및 고무형수지 등을 통상 사용한다.Examples of binder resins include phenol resins, formaldehyde resins, epoxy resins, silicone resins and thermosetting resins, modified (cashew oil modified or dry modified) thermosetting resins made from these resins, natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber and Rubber type resin etc. are used normally.
본 발명의 마찰재를 형성하는 혼합물은 기재물질로서 티탄화합물분말을 사용하는 이외에는 종래 통상의 마찰재와 동일한 방법으로 제조한다. 마찰재의 제조공정에 특별한 조건 혹은 제한은 없다.The mixture forming the friction material of the present invention is produced in the same manner as conventional friction material except that titanium compound powder is used as the base material. There are no special conditions or limitations in the manufacturing process of the friction material.
보다 상세히 설명하면, 기재물질을 바인더수지에 분산하고, 필요에 따라 분산액에 마찰마모조정제, 부식방지제, 윤활제, 마모재 등을 첨가하고, 성분을 조성물내로 균일하게 혼합한다. 조성물을 필요에 따라, 미리 일정형상으로 형성하고, 다이 등에 의해 가열가압(압력: 약 10~40㎫, 온도: 약 150~200℃)하여 성형한다. 성형체를 다이로부터 꺼낸다음, 용광로에서 필요에 따라 열처리(온도: 대략 150~200℃, 보유시간: 대략 1~12시간)하고, 그후, 가공연마하여 마무리하므로서 소정형상의 마찰재를 얻는다. 또한, 다른 공정으로서, 조성물을 물 등에 분산시키고, 조성물을 스크린으로 사용하여 시트로 형성하고, 시트를 탈수하고, 시트를 적당한 수의 층으로 위치시키고, 가열가압하에 조립체로 성형하고, 얻어진 성형체를 가공연마하여 특정한 연마재로 하는 방법이 있다.In more detail, the base material is dispersed in a binder resin, and if necessary, a frictional wear regulator, a corrosion inhibitor, a lubricant, a wear material, and the like are added to the dispersion, and the components are uniformly mixed into the composition. If necessary, the composition is formed in a predetermined shape in advance, and is heated and pressurized (pressure: about 10 to 40 MPa, temperature: about 150 to 200 ° C) by a die or the like, and molded. The molded body is removed from the die, and then subjected to heat treatment (temperature: approximately 150 to 200 ° C., retention time: approximately 1 to 12 hours) in a blast furnace as necessary, followed by work polishing to finish to obtain a friction material of a predetermined shape. In addition, as another process, the composition is dispersed in water or the like, the composition is formed into a sheet using the screen, the sheet is dehydrated, the sheet is placed in an appropriate number of layers, molded into an assembly under heating and pressing, and the obtained molded body There is a method of processing and grinding to obtain a specific abrasive.
알카리토금속티탄산염, RTiO3(R은 Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba등)은 페로브스키형태의 결정구조를 지니는 화합물로, 강도, 내열성, 내마모성 혹은 내연마성에 뛰어나며, 마찰재기재로서 적당한 경도를 지닌다. 본 발명의 마찰재는, 페로브스키형태구조의 알카리토금속티탄산염결정이, M2TinO2n+1(M은 알카리금속, n은 2~6)로 표현된 층상 또는 터널형구조의 알카리금속티탄산염결정과 섞여 있는 2상 티탄화합물분말로 형성된 기재를 지닌다. 또난, 마찰재의 기재는, 이들 2종류의 결정과 함께 2산화티탄(TiO2)결정이 섞여 있는 3상 티탄화합물분말로 형성된다. 본 발명의 마찰재는 알카리금속티탄산염, 즉, 단일상화합물이 기재로서 작용하는 마찰재보다 뛰어난 높은 마찰계수를 지니며, 넓은 온도범위에 걸쳐 고마찰계수를 유지한다.Alkaline metal titanate, RTiO 3 (R is Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, etc.) is a compound having a crystal structure in the form of Perovskite. It is excellent in strength, heat resistance, abrasion resistance, or abrasion resistance, and has a moderate hardness as a friction material. . The friction material of the present invention is an alkali metal having a layered or tunnel-type structure in which an alkaline earth metal titanate crystal having a perovskite type structure is represented by M 2 Ti n O 2n + 1 (M is an alkali metal, n is 2 to 6). It has a substrate formed from two-phase titanium compound powder mixed with titanate crystals. Ttonan, base material of friction material, these 22 types of titanium oxide with a crystal (TiO 2) crystal is formed from a three-phase titanium compound with mixed powder. The friction material of the present invention has a higher coefficient of friction than that of alkali metal titanate, that is, a single phase compound serving as a substrate, and maintains a high coefficient of friction over a wide temperature range.
마찰재의 실시예Embodiment of the friction material
이하, 본 발명의 마찰재의 특정실시에에 대해 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the specific Example of the friction material of this invention is described.
원료조성물의 제조Preparation of Raw Material Composition
표 2는 마찰재를 형성하는 조성을 나타낸다. 표 2에서, No.21~No.24는 본 발명의 실시예이며, No.25~No.28은 비교예이다. 또한, 티탄화합물란에서 나타내고, No.21~No.28의 기재물질에 사용된 부호 A1~A4, B1, B2및 C는 다음과 같다.Table 2 shows the composition for forming the friction material. In Table 2, No.21-No.24 is an Example of this invention, and No.25-No.28 is a comparative example. Further, in titanium hwahapmulran shows, the code A 1 ~ A 4, B 1 , B 2 and C is as follows: using a base material of ~ No.21 No.28.
A1: CATiO3/K2Ti6O13= 2몰/1몰A 1 : CATiO 3 / K 2 Ti 6 O 13 = 2 mol / 1 mol
입자크기 : 10~100㎛(표 1에서 No.2의 생성물의 티탄화합물)Particle size: 10 ~ 100㎛ (Titanium Compound of Product of No. 2 in Table 1)
A2: CaTiO3/K2Ti6O13= 4몰/1몰A 2 : CaTiO 3 / K 2 Ti 6 O 13 = 4 mol / 1 mol
입자크기 : 10~100㎛(표 1에서, No.3생성물의 티탄화합물)Particle size: 10 ~ 100㎛ (Titanium Compound of No.3 Product in Table 1)
A3: CaTiO3/K2Ti6O13= 10몰/1몰A 3 : CaTiO 3 / K 2 Ti 6 O 13 = 10 mol / 1 mol
입자크기 : 10~100㎛(표 1에서, No.4생성물의 티탄화합물)Particle size: 10 ~ 100㎛ (Titanium Compound of No. 4 Product in Table 1)
A4: CaTiO3/K2Ti6O13/TiO2= 4몰/1몰/1몰A 4 : CaTiO 3 / K 2 Ti 6 O 13 / TiO 2 = 4 mol / 1 mol / 1 mol
입자크기 : 10~100㎛(표 1에서, No.11생성물의 티탄화합물)Particle size: 10 ~ 100㎛ (Titanium Compound of No.11 Product in Table 1)
B1: 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti6O13)단일상의 구형입자B 1 : potassium 6 titanate (K 2 Ti 6 O 13 )
입자크기 : 10~100㎛Particle Size: 10 ~ 100㎛
B2: 6티탄산칼륨(K2Ti6O13)단일상의 섬유B 2 : potassium 6 titanate (K 2 Ti 6 O 13 )
섬유길이 : 150㎛(평균)Fiber Length: 150㎛ (Average)
섬유직경 : 30㎛(평균)Fiber diameter: 30㎛ (average)
C : 티탄산칼슘(CaTiO3)분말, 단일상C: calcium titanate (CaTiO 3 ) powder, single phase
입자크기 : 1~5㎛Particle Size: 1 ~ 5㎛
클래스 6의 크리서틸 아스베스토섬유는 No.28에 사용된다.Class 6 Crystyl Asbestos Fiber is used in No.28.
조성물의 성형Molding of the composition
성분이 균일하게 혼합된 조성물을 미리 일정형상으로 형성하고(압력 14.7㎫(=150㎏/㎠), 실온에서 1분간 보유함으로서), 다이로 성형한다(압력: 14.7㎫=150㎏/㎠, 온도: 170℃, 압력보유시간 : 5분), 성형체를 다이에서 취출하고 건조오븐에서 열처리한다(180℃, 3시간). 다음, 성형체를 소정크기로 절단하고, 연마함으로서 마찰재샘플(디스크패드)을 얻는다.The composition in which the components are uniformly mixed is formed in advance in a predetermined shape (pressure 14.7 MPa (= 150 kg / cm 2), and held at room temperature for 1 minute) and molded into a die (pressure: 14.7 MPa = 150 kg / cm 2, temperature). : 170 ° C., pressure holding time: 5 minutes), the molded product was taken out of the die and heat-treated in a drying oven (180 ° C., 3 hours). Next, the molded article is cut into a predetermined size and polished to obtain a friction material sample (disc pad).
마찰시험Friction test
마찰재샘플을 JASO(Japan Automobile Standard Association)C406, Passenger Vehicle Brake Device Dynamometer Test Method에 따라서 마찰시험을 행한다. 상대방인 회전자의 마찰계수와 마모를 측정한다. 표 2에 이들 결과를 나타내었다.The friction material sample is subjected to a friction test according to JASO (Japan Automobile Standard Association) C406, Passenger Vehicle Brake Device Dynamometer Test Method. Measure the friction coefficient and wear of the other rotor. Table 2 shows these results.
표 2에 나타낸 마찰계수는, 50㎞/h 및 100㎞/h 제동초기속도상태와 0.6G감속하의 제 2유효성시험으로 얻은 데이터이다.The friction coefficients shown in Table 2 are the data obtained by the second validity test under the conditions of 50 km / h and 100 km / h braking initial speed and 0.6 G deceleration.
표 2TABLE 2
표 1에 나타낸 시험결과, 본 발명의 실시예인 마찰재(No.21~No.24)는, 6티탄산칼륨(알카리금속티탄산염) 단일상기재를 사용한 마찰재(No.25 및 No.26)보다, 마찰면의 온도가 현저히 상승하는 비교적 낮은 초기제동속도에서 높은 초기제동속도범위에 걸쳐 높은 마찰계수를 지닌다. 본 발명의 재료는 회전자의 마모가 감소하므로, 상대방연마성질이 절감된다.As a result of the test shown in Table 1, the friction materials (No. 21 to No. 24) which are examples of the present invention are better than the friction materials (No. 25 and No. 26) using the potassium hexatitanate (alkali metal titanate) single base material. It has a high coefficient of friction over a range of high initial braking speeds at relatively low initial braking speeds where the friction surface temperature rises significantly. Since the material of the present invention reduces the wear of the rotor, the other abrasive properties are saved.
티탄산칼슘(알카리토금속티탄산염) 단일상기재로 이루어진 마찰재(No.27)는 회전자를 심하게 마모시켜, 고마찰계수임에도 상대방연마특성에 관해 문제점이 있다.Friction material (No. 27) made of calcium titanate (alkaline metal titanate) single base material severely wears the rotor, and has a problem with respect to the counterpart polishing characteristics even at high friction coefficients.
아스베스토기재를 사용한 마찰재(No.28)는 마찰계수 및 상대방공격특성면에서 본 발명보다 열세하다.The friction material (No. 28) using Asbestos material is inferior to the present invention in terms of friction coefficient and counter attack characteristics.
본 발명의 마찰재는 높은 마찰계수를 지니며, 그럼에도 불구하고, 알카리토금속티탄산염과 알카리금속티탄산염의 미세결정이 재료내에 균일하게 분산되어 있기 때문에 상대방연마특성을 감소시킨다. 이와 같은 미세결정이 균일하게 분산된 효과는 종래공정으로 제조한, 단순히 알카리토금속티탄산염분말과 알카리금속티탄산염분말을 서로 혼합하는 것으로는 얻을 수 없다.The friction material of the present invention has a high coefficient of friction, and nevertheless, counterpart polishing characteristics are reduced because fine crystals of alkali metal titanate and alkali metal titanate are uniformly dispersed in the material. The effect of uniformly dispersing such microcrystals cannot be obtained by simply mixing the alkali metal titanate powder and the alkali metal titanate powder prepared by a conventional process.
본 발명에 따른 티탄화합물분말은, 알카리토금속티탄산염결정과 알카리금속티탄산염결정 혹은, 이들 결정과, 전술한 바와 같은 티타니아결정이 함께 섞여서 이루어져 있으므로, 각 화합물의 특성을 지닌다. 예를 들여, 브레이크장치용 마찰재의 기재물질로서 사용할 경우, 분말은 재료에 고마찰계수와 감소된 상대방연마특성을 부여한다.The titanium compound powder according to the present invention is composed of an alkali metal titanate crystal and an alkali metal titanate crystal, or a mixture of these crystals and the titania crystal as described above, and thus has characteristics of each compound. For example, when used as a base material of a friction material for brake devices, the powder gives the material a high coefficient of friction and reduced counterpart abrasive properties.
또한, 본 발명에 의하면, 티탄화합물분말은 원료분말혼합물을 가열하는 단순한 공정에 의해 사용가능하다. 이런 제조공정에 있어서, 알카리금속화합물은 알카리토금속티탄산염형성반응의 플럭스로서 작용하고, 또한 알카리금속티탄산염을 형성하는 반응제로서 소모되어, 무기화합물을 제조하는 통상의 플럭스공정과 달리, 반응혼합물로부터 플럭스를 제거할 필요가 없다. 이것은 공정을 간단하게 하여, 소정생성물, 즉 티탄화합물분말을 고수율로 제공하게 해준다.Further, according to the present invention, the titanium compound powder can be used by a simple process of heating the raw material powder mixture. In such a manufacturing process, the alkali metal compound acts as a flux of the alkali metal titanate formation reaction and is consumed as a reactant for forming the alkali metal titanate, and unlike the conventional flux process for producing an inorganic compound, the reaction mixture There is no need to remove the flux from it. This simplifies the process and provides the desired product, ie titanium compound powder, in high yield.
Claims (12)
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| KR20200087209A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2020-07-20 | 가부시끼 가이샤 구보다 | Composite titanium acid compound, manufacturing method of composite titanium acid compound and friction material |
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