KR102660318B1 - Tool for welding curved surface and laser welding apparatus with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

It relates to a tool for curved surface welding and a laser welding device to which the same is applied, comprising: forming an irradiation end that irradiates a laser beam irradiated from a laser beam irradiation portion of the laser welding device to a welding base material, and a flange portion connected to the lower end of the laser beam irradiation portion; It includes a sealing part that seals the space between the welding base material and the welding base material while in contact with the welding base material and is energized, and the sealing part is provided with a configuration that rotates by the rotational motion of the robot arm provided in the laser welding device, so that the shape of the welding base material is formed. Accordingly, the curved surface welding tool can be rotated to laser weld not only a flat surface but also a curved base material with various curvatures.

Description

Curved surface welding tool and laser welding device to which it is applied {TOOL FOR WELDING CURVED SURFACE AND LASER WELDING APPARATUS WITH THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a laser welding device, and more specifically, to a curved surface welding tool that welds flat and curved surfaces by coming into close contact with the object to be welded and sealing it so that the laser irradiated on the object for welding does not leak out, and the tool to which it is applied. It is about laser welding equipment.

Because laser welding is a so-called keyhole welding method that uses a point heat source with high energy density, the weld forming mechanism is different from existing melt welding methods such as arc welding.

In the case of arc welding, melting of the base material and heat conduction by arc heat are the basis for cutting welding energy, so the width of the weld zone is wider than the depth. Therefore, in order to weld thick materials, arc welding generally involves processing a weld groove and performing multilayer welding using a filler material such as a welding rod.

On the other hand, laser welding is a welding method that applies heat directly in the thickness direction, rather than gradually transferring the energy required for welding starting from the material surface.

This type of laser welding uses high-efficiency energy beams to enable high-speed production and has excellent weld quality.

However, laser welding continues to be a problem in that welding defects such as porosity or pits occur in some steel types or joints.

In general, pits occur under conditions in which pore defects are significantly generated, and refer to defects that are exposed to the surface of the weld bead due to an increase in the partial pressure of gas in the pore.

Recently, in order to meet the demand for lightweight automobiles, the number of joints with large thickness differences between materials has been increasing, and pores or pitting defects have become more noticeable, emerging as a problem.

For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 below disclose laser welding apparatus and method technology according to the prior art.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1449118 (announced on October 10, 2014) Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0029344 (published on March 23, 2011)

Meanwhile, the welding base material to be laser welded may be formed not only in a flat shape but also in a curved shape with various curvatures.

For example, the side seal of an automobile is formed into a curved shape with various curvatures.

However, most of the welding tools applied to the laser welding device according to the prior art have flat ends or curved surfaces with a specific curvature, making it difficult to weld base materials of curved shapes with various curvatures. .

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems described above and to provide a curved welding tool capable of laser welding flat and curved welding base materials and a laser welding device to which the same is applied.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a curved surface welding tool capable of laser welding curved welding base materials with various curvatures and a laser welding device to which the same is applied.

In order to achieve the above-described object, the tool for curved surface welding according to the present invention forms an irradiation stage that irradiates the laser beam irradiated from the laser beam irradiation part of the laser welding device to the welding base material, and is connected to the bottom of the laser beam irradiation part. It includes a flange portion and a sealing portion that seals the space between the welding base material and the welding base material while in contact with the welding base material and energized, and the sealing part is characterized in that it rotates by the rotational movement of the robot arm provided in the laser welding device. .

In addition, in order to achieve the above-described object, a laser welding device to which a tool for curved surface welding according to the present invention is applied includes a laser oscillator that oscillates a laser beam, and a laser beam oscillated from the laser oscillator to the welding base material to be overlap-welded. A laser beam irradiation unit for irradiating, a curved welding tool that is connected to the laser beam irradiation unit to form an irradiation stage on which the laser beam is projected and seals the space between the welding base material and the laser beam, so as to irradiate the laser beam while moving it to the welding base material. A welding robot that moves and rotates, and a control unit that controls the operation of the laser oscillator, the laser beam irradiation unit, and the welding robot, wherein the control unit controls the rotational movement of the robot arm provided in the welding robot to correspond to the curvature of the welding base material. It is characterized by generating a control signal.

As described above, according to the curved surface welding tool according to the present invention, the curved surface welding tool can be sequentially rotated according to the curvature of the area to be welded in the welding base material, thereby enabling laser welding of welding base materials in flat and curved shapes. is obtained.

That is, according to the present invention, the welding base material and the tool are energized while the sealing part of the curved welding tool is in close contact with the welding base material, and the effect of sealing the welding base material so that the laser beam irradiated to the welding base material does not leak out of the tool is obtained. Lose.

According to the present invention, the effect of laser welding welding base materials having various curvatures is obtained by rotating the curved welding tool according to the shape of the welding base material.

Accordingly, according to the present invention, even if the curvature of the weld base material changes, it is possible to weld not only a flat shape but also a variety of curved shapes using a single curved welding tool without changing the tool, improving workability and The effect of improving welding quality is obtained.

1 is a configuration diagram of a laser welding device to which a tool for curved surface welding is applied according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a perspective view of the laser welding device shown in Figure 1;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of a tool for curved surface welding according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 4 is an operation state diagram of the laser welding device to which the curved surface welding tool shown in Figure 3 is applied.

Hereinafter, a tool for curved surface welding according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

First, before explaining the configuration of the curved surface welding tool according to the present invention, the configuration of the laser welding device will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a laser welding device to which a tool for curved surface welding is applied according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the laser welding device shown in FIG. 1.

Hereinafter, terms indicating directions such as 'left', 'right', 'front', 'rear', 'up' and 'down' are defined as indicating each direction based on the state shown in each drawing. do.

And in Figures 1 and 2, the probe end 34 on which the curved welding tool is mounted and the fixed end 36 corresponding to the probe end are shown arranged vertically, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto, and the welding base material It should be noted that welding can be done with the laser beam irradiation unit 30 rotated at various angles along the front, left, right, and up and down directions depending on the arrangement of (11).

Additionally, the present invention may be modified to remove the fixed end 36 and weld the fixed welding base material using only the curved welding tool installed on the irradiation end 34.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the laser welding device 10 equipped with a curved surface welding tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a laser oscillator 20 that oscillates a laser beam, and oscillation from the laser oscillator 20. A laser beam irradiation unit (hereinafter abbreviated as 'irradiation unit') 30 that irradiates the laser beam to the welding base material 11 to be overlap-welded, and a laser oscillator (20) to irradiate the laser beam while moving it to the welding base material 11. ) and a control unit 40 that controls the operation of the irradiation unit 30.

The laser welding device 10 configured in this way is equipped with a curved welding tool 50 for forming the tip of the irradiation section 30, that is, the irradiation end 34, and for welding the welding base material 11 of a flat and curved shape. do.

The laser oscillator 20 oscillates a laser beam in the form of a continuous wave according to a control signal from the control unit 40.

Of course, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and the laser oscillator 20 oscillates a laser beam in the form of a pulse wave, and moves and weaves the laser beam in the form of a pulse wave to irradiate the welding base material ( 11) can be changed to weld.

The irradiation unit 30 is connected to the laser oscillator 20 and an optical cable 21, and the laser beam transmitted to the irradiation unit 30 through the optical cable 21 moves by the movement and rotation of the irradiation unit 30. and can be irradiated in a straight line or woven.

For example, the irradiator 30 includes a collimator lens 331 that forms parallel light so that the laser beam transmitted through the optical cable 21 does not spread, and a collimator lens 331 that condenses the laser beam in the form of parallel light to form a laser beam. A moving module that moves and weaves the condenser lens 332, which reduces the size of the condenser lens 332, and the housing 33, in which the parallel light lens 331 and the condenser lens 332 are installed, along the welding direction and the orthogonal direction. may include.

The movement module includes a first motor 31 that generates a driving force to move the housing 33 in the welding direction, left and right as seen in FIG. It may include a second motor 32 that generates a driving force to move it in the forward and backward directions, and a transmission unit that transmits the driving force generated by the first and second motors 31 and 32 to the housing.

The transmission unit may be composed of a plurality of gears, pulleys, belts, chains, wires, etc.

The housing 33 is formed in a roughly hexahedral shape to provide a space for installing the collimated light lens 331 and the condensing lens 332 inside, and an irradiation stage 34 to which a laser beam is irradiated is provided at the bottom of the housing 33. It is provided, and a curved welding tool 50 is mounted on the inspection end 34.

A cooling passage (not shown) through which coolant circulates may be formed inside the irradiation end 34 to cool the irradiation end 34 during welding work.

A fixing jig 35 on which the welding base material 11 to be overlap-welded is seated may be provided at the lower part of the irradiation unit 30.

The fixing jig 35 has a cross-sectional shape of approximately '"' when viewed from the front, and has a fixed end at one end of the fixing jig 35 that is symmetrical to the irradiation end 34 and has a shape corresponding to the irradiation end 34. (36) can be formed.

The fixed end 36 is formed as an open surface where the surface in contact with the welding base material 11 is open, and a space is provided inside the fixed jig 35 where spatter flowing in through the opening surface of the fixed end 36 accumulates. It can be.

And on one side of the fixing jig 35, a cover 37 can be attached, one end of which is axially coupled to the fixing jig 36, so that it can be opened and closed by rotation, or can be attached and detached, so that spatter accumulated inside can be removed. .

Therefore, in the present invention, after performing overlap welding, the spatter accumulated inside can be easily removed by opening or separating the cover coupled to the fixing jig.

Of course, in the case of welding a fixed welding base material 11, such as a side seal installed in an automobile, the present invention removes the fixing jig 35 and the fixing end 36 and uses curved surface welding mounted on the survey end 34. It can be changed to weld the welding base material 11 using the tool 50.

Meanwhile, a curved welding tool 50 for welding not only a flat shape but also a curved welding base material 11 having various curvatures is mounted on the distal end of the probe end 34.

In addition, the inspection unit 34 is equipped with a touch sensor (not shown) that detects whether the welding base material 11 and the inspection unit 34 are in contact, and the inspection unit 30 and the curved surface welding tool 50 are installed in the up-down, front-back, and left-right directions. A pressure sensor (not shown) may be provided to detect the pressing force applied to the welding base material 11 when the housing 33 is lowered by the moving welding robot 60.

Therefore, the control unit 40 drives the welding robot 60 connected to the irradiation unit 30 according to the detection signals of the touch sensor and the pressure sensor to pressurize the welding base material 11 by operating each drive motor provided in the welding robot 60. The operation of can be controlled.

The control unit 40 is provided as a main controller that controls the operation of the laser oscillator 20, the irradiation unit 30, the pressurizing unit 40, and the welding robot 60, and executes a program stored in the internal memory to control the welding base material. (11) can be controlled to form a preset weld bead pattern by moving and weaving the laser beam.

Here, the welding robot 60 includes a robot arm 61 having a plurality of joints so that it can move in the up and down, front and back, and left and right directions, and the robot arm 61 moves in various directions by driving a plurality of drive motors. It can be rotated and moved.

Therefore, the control unit 40 controls the driving of the welding robot 60 to correspond to the curvature of the welding base material 11 and rotates the curved welding tool 50 to weld not only the flat but also the curved welding base material 11. You can control it to do so.

For this purpose, the control unit 40 calculates the rotation direction and rotation angle of the robot arm 61 according to the curvature of the welding base material 11 input from the manager, and rotates the welding robot (61) by the calculated rotation direction and rotation angle. A control signal that controls the operation of 60) can be generated.

Next, the configuration of the curved surface welding tool 50 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a curved surface welding tool according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 4 is an operation state diagram of a laser welding device to which the curved surface welding tool shown in Figure 3 is applied.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the curved surface welding tool 50 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is formed in an approximately hexahedral shape with top and bottom openings so that a space through which the laser beam moves is formed inside. It can be.

This curved surface welding tool (hereinafter abbreviated as 'tool') 50 may form a irradiation end 34 provided at the bottom of the irradiation portion 30.

For this purpose, the tool 50 is provided at the upper end of the tool 50 and is coupled to the lower end of the irradiation unit 30, and the flange portion 51 is provided at the lower end of the tool 50 and is in close contact with the welding base material 11 so that the laser It includes a sealing portion 52 that seals the beam to prevent it from leaking to the outside.

One or more fastening bolts fastened to the bottom of the irradiation part 30 may be penetrated into the flange part 51.

The sealing portion 52 may rotate according to the rotation of the robot arm 61 while in contact with the welding base material 11 having a flat or convex curved shape.

That is, the lower end of the sealing portion 52 may be formed in a flat shape or may be formed in a downwardly convex curved shape as shown in FIG. 3 .

For example, the curvature of the sealing portion 52 may be set in advance to correspond to the curvature of the welding base material 11.

Of course, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and a plurality of curved surface welding tools 50 having various curvatures are provided, and the curved surface welding tool 50 having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the welding base material is selectively applied. You can weld it.

However, in the present invention, in order to prevent a decrease in workability due to replacement of the curved welding tool 50, the lower end of the sealing portion 52 is formed as a curved surface with a curvature of 3000R or more so that it is flat or nearly flat. desirable.

Therefore, as shown in (a) of FIG. 4, the sealing portion 52 is first energized by contacting the right end as seen in FIG. 4 with the welding base material 11 according to the welding direction in which the laser beam is irradiated. As shown in Figures 4 (b) and (c), the central part and the left end rotate to sequentially contact the welding base material 11 to correspond to the welding speed while the laser beam moves.

For this purpose, the control unit 40 calculates the rotation direction and rotation angle of the robot arm 61 according to the curvature of the welding base material 11 input from the manager, and rotates the welding robot (61) by the calculated rotation direction and rotation angle. 60) controls the operation.

Through the process described above, the present invention can laser weld flat and curved welding base materials by sequentially rotating the curved welding tool according to the curvature of the area to be welded in the welding base material.

That is, the present invention can energize the welding base material and the tool while keeping the sealing part of the curved welding tool in close contact with the welding base material, and seal the welding base material so that the laser beam irradiated to the welding base material does not leak out of the tool.

In addition, the present invention can laser weld welding base materials with various curvatures by rotating the curved welding tool according to the shape of the welding base material.

Accordingly, the present invention allows welding base materials of various curved shapes as well as planar shapes using a single curved welding tool without changing the tool, even if the curvature of the weld base material changes, improving workability and welding quality. can be improved.

Although the invention made by the present inventor has been described in detail according to the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and, of course, can be changed in various ways without departing from the gist of the invention.

That is, in the above embodiment, only the configuration for welding a welding base material with an upwardly convex curved shape was described, but the present invention can also weld a welding base material with a downwardly convex curved shape using the sealing part of a curved surface welding tool.

The present invention is applied to a curved welding tool for laser welding not only a flat surface but also a curved welding base material with various curvatures by rotating the curved welding tool according to the shape of the welding base material, and a laser welding device technology to which the same is applied.

10: Laser welding device
11: Welding base material 12: Bead
20: laser oscillator 21: optical cable
30: Laser beam irradiation unit 31, 32: 1st and 2nd motors
33: Housing 331: Parallel light lens
332: condenser lens 34: investigation team
35: Fixed jig 36: Fixed end
37: cover
40: control unit
50: Tool for curved surface welding
51: Flange part 52: Sealing part
53: Elastic member
60: Welding robot 61: Robot arm

Claims (5)

Forming an inspection group that irradiates the laser beam irradiated from the laser beam irradiation section of the laser welding device to the welding base material,
A flange portion connected to the bottom of the laser beam irradiation portion,
It includes a sealing portion that seals the space between the welding base material and the welding base material while in contact with the welding base material and energized,
The sealing unit rotates by the rotation of a robot arm provided in the laser welding device,
One end of the sealing portion that is in contact with the weld base material is formed in a convex curved shape,
The curvature of the sealing part is set to correspond to the curvature of the welding base material,
A curved surface welding tool provided with a plurality of curved surface welding tools having different curvatures, and welding by selectively applying the curved surface welding tool having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the welding base material. delete delete In the laser welding device to which the curved surface welding tool according to claim 1 is applied,
A laser oscillator that oscillates a laser beam,
A laser beam irradiation unit that irradiates the laser beam emitted from the laser oscillator to the welding base material to be overlap welded,
A curved welding tool that is connected to the laser beam irradiation unit to form an irradiation stage on which the laser beam is irradiated and seals the space between the welding base material and the welding base material,
A welding robot that moves and rotates the laser beam to move and irradiate the welding base material, and
It includes a control unit that controls the operation of the laser oscillator, the laser beam irradiation unit, and the welding robot,
The control unit generates a control signal to control the rotational movement of the robot arm provided in the welding robot to correspond to the curvature of the welding base material,
The welding robot includes a robot arm having a plurality of joints to rotate the curved surface welding tool,
The control unit calculates the rotation direction and rotation angle of the robot arm based on the curvature of the welding base material, and controls the driving of the welding robot to rotate by the calculated rotation direction and rotation angle,
The laser beam irradiation unit is connected to the laser oscillator through an optical cable,
The laser beam transmitted to the laser beam irradiation unit through the optical cable moves by the movement and rotation of the laser beam irradiation unit and is irradiated in a straight line or weaving,
The curved surface welding tool forms an irradiation stage that irradiates the laser beam irradiated from the laser beam irradiation unit of the laser welding device to the welding base material,
A flange portion connected to the bottom of the laser beam irradiation portion,
It includes a sealing part that seals the space between the welding base material and the welding base material while in contact with the welding base material and energized,
The sealing part rotates by the rotation of the robot arm provided in the laser welding device,
One end of the sealing portion that is in contact with the weld base material is formed in a convex curved shape,
The curvature of the sealing part is set to correspond to the curvature of the welding base material,
A laser welding device provided with a plurality of curved surface welding tools having different curvatures, and welding by selectively applying the curved surface welding tools having a curvature corresponding to the curvature of the welding base material. delete

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