KR102657430B1 - unit of multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reactor unit of a multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis reactor. More specifically, it can be processed to correspond to mixed waste plastic mixed with various materials that are not classified only in one pyrolysis reactor, resulting in high-quality pyrolysis. It relates to a reactor unit for multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis that can produce oil.
The present invention to achieve the above object is a multi-stage separation type waste plastic consisting of a main reactor that receives waste plastic and performs thermal decomposition and an auxiliary reactor provided in the upper part of the main reactor and consisting of a plurality of reactor units stacked. In the reactor unit of a thermal decomposition reactor, the reactor unit includes a unit body, a bottom plate formed at the bottom of the unit body, and an upper plate installed on top of the unit body, and the bottom plate An inflow pipe is formed through which pyrolysis fume generated by pyrolyzing waste plastic flows in, and a first fume movement path through which pyrolysis fume moves upward is formed in the center of the upper plate.

Description

Reactor unit of multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis reactor {unit of multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis system}

The present invention relates to a reactor unit of a multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis reactor. More specifically, it can be processed to correspond to mixed waste plastic mixed with various materials that are not classified only in one pyrolysis reactor, resulting in high-quality pyrolysis. It relates to a reactor unit for multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis that can produce oil.

The increase in individual income due to economic development has led to a continuous increase in the use of various plastics, and the resulting rapid increase in waste plastic has led to a global waste plastic crisis due to the lack of effective disposal methods.

These waste plastics take 400-500 years to naturally decompose, pollute the groundwater system around the landfill, seriously destroy the ecosystem of rivers and seas, and when incinerated, release large amounts of carbon monoxide and dioxin, which is harmful to the human body. The harmful effects are very great, such as polluting the atmosphere.

Our country is no exception, causing serious environmental pollution, facing difficulties in dealing with it, and causing massive waste of renewable energy sources. Therefore, there is a continuous need for environmental protection and the development of processing technologies that can effectively recover wasted renewable energy sources.

However, with the development of industry, the production of products using plastic or synthetic rubber as a raw material is rapidly increasing, but the recycling rate for waste synthetic resins such as waste plastic and waste rubber is only insignificant compared to the total production.

The main reason why this phenomenon occurs is that recycling of waste synthetic resin costs a lot of money. Recycling of waste synthetic resin costs a lot of money for various reasons, but the main reason is that waste synthetic resin contains various substances.

In other words, waste synthetic resin can be recycled if it is of very high purity, but if it is of low purity, it costs a lot of money to recycle it. Therefore, it is not good from an economic perspective, and even if it is recycled, there are limits to recycling because the quality deteriorates after reuse.

A technology to recycle waste synthetic resin while reducing costs includes thermal decomposition of waste synthetic resin. The thermal decomposition recycling method of waste synthetic resin is a method of melting and decomposing waste synthetic resin by applying high heat to the waste synthetic resin, and purifying various oils obtained from the decomposition product to obtain oil.

An example of such a method for pyrolyzing waste synthetic resin is the technology described in Korean Patent No. 10-2482675 as shown in FIG. 1, the technical features of which include a pyrolysis device, a reactor for pyrolyzing waste plastic; A heating part 22 formed around the reactor to heat the reactor; A burner 40 that supplies a heat source to the heating unit 22; An auxiliary heater 43 connected to one side of the burner 40 and preheating the air flowing into the burner 40; A heat source pipe 23 connecting the heating unit 22 and the burner 40 to supply the heat source; A temperature sensor provided on the heat source tube (23); In order to recover part of the heat source discharged from the heating unit 22, one end is connected to the first discharge pipe 24 of the heating unit 22, and the other end is connected to the input side of the auxiliary heater 43. thermal tube; A damper (25) connected to the first discharge pipe (24); a second discharge pipe connected to the outlet side of the damper 25; and a return pipe, one end of which is connected to another outlet side of the damper 25, and the other end of which is connected to the recovery heat pipe.

However, the technology described in Korean Patent No. 10-2482675 has the advantage of being able to pyrolyze and recycle waste plastic, but cannot specify the type of plastic contained in the waste plastic, and accordingly requires response according to the type of waste plastic. There is a problem in that high-quality refined oil (pyrolysis oil) cannot be obtained because pyrolysis is carried out in a uniform manner.

Korea Registration Office No. 20-02635347 (registered on February 7, 2002)

The present invention was created to solve the above problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to analyze the sample of pyrolysis oil discharged from the top of the pyrolysis reactor to confirm the quality and to determine the quality of the reactor unit constituting the pyrolysis reactor according to the quality. Not only can the number of stages be adjusted optimally, but if a catalyst is needed depending on the composition of the sample, a reactor unit containing a catalyst can be added, allowing mixed waste plastics mixed with various materials that cannot be classified into only one pyrolysis reactor. To provide a reactor unit for a multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis reactor that can pyrolyze and produce high-quality pyrolysis oil.

Another object of the present invention is to allow the reactor units constituting the pyrolysis reactor to perform a heating or cooling function, thereby appropriately controlling the temperature of each stage to produce high boiling point wax and Pyrolysis oil (low quality) with a low degree of pyrolysis moves to the bottom in a liquid state and undergoes more pyrolysis processes, so that high-quality pyrolysis oil can be obtained even with a small number of stages. The reactor unit of the multi-stage separated waste plastic pyrolysis reactor is used. It is provided.

The present invention to solve these problems;

In the reactor unit of the multi-stage separated waste plastic pyrolysis reactor, which consists of a main reactor that receives waste plastic and performs pyrolysis, and an auxiliary reactor provided on top of the main reactor and consisting of a plurality of reactor units stacked, The reactor unit includes a unit body, a bottom plate formed at the bottom of the unit body, and an upper plate installed on top of the unit body, and the bottom plate contains pyrolysis fume generated by pyrolyzing waste plastic. An inflow pipe through which fume flows is formed, and a first fume movement path through which pyrolysis fume moves upward is formed in the center of the upper plate.

Here, on the bottom plate, a discharge pipe is formed to protrude upward, which is located between the inlet pipes and moves the pyrolysis fume or wax converted to a liquid state to the lower part, and the inlet pipe is formed to protrude upward. It is characterized in that the length is formed to be longer than the length of the discharge pipe.

At this time, a thermoelectric module that enables heating and cooling is further provided on the outside of the unit body.

In addition, a funnel-shaped middle plate with a center convex downward is further provided between the bottom plate and the top plate, and ribs connected to the inner surface of the unit body are formed on the edges of the middle plate, and pyrolysis fume is formed between the ribs. A second fume moving path is formed that moves upward, and a liquid outlet is formed in the center of the middle plate to move pyrolysis fume or wax that has changed to a liquid state to the lower part.

Here, the upper plate is characterized in that a step protruding downward is formed on the outside of the first fume movement path to allow liquid pyrolysis fume or wax to fall to the upper part of the middle plate.

According to the present invention of the above configuration, not only can the quality of the pyrolysis oil sample discharged from the top of the pyrolysis reactor be analyzed and the number of reactor units constituting the pyrolysis reactor be optimally adjusted according to the quality, If a catalyst is needed depending on the composition of the sample, a reactor unit containing the catalyst can be added to produce high-quality pyrolysis oil by pyrolyzing mixed waste plastic containing various unclassified materials with just one pyrolysis reactor. There is an effect.

In addition, the present invention allows the reactor units constituting the thermal decomposition reactor to perform a heating or cooling function, so that the temperature of each stage is appropriately adjusted to reduce the high boiling point wax and the degree of thermal decomposition in the process of passing through a plurality of reactor units. Low-quality pyrolysis oil (low-quality) moves to the bottom in a liquid state and undergoes more pyrolysis processes, which has the effect of obtaining high-quality pyrolysis oil even with fewer stages.

Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a conventional method for thermal decomposition of waste synthetic resin.
Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram of a multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis system to which a reactor unit according to the present invention is applied.
Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram of an expanded multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis system to which the reactor unit according to the present invention is applied.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a plan conceptual diagram of the main reactor of the multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis system to which the reactor unit according to the present invention is applied.
Figure 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the reactor unit constituting the auxiliary reactor of the multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis system to which the reactor unit according to the present invention is applied.
Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 5.
Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of Figure 5.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings. The same reference numerals are used for the same components in the drawings, and duplicate descriptions for the same components are omitted. Additionally, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the described embodiments.

Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram of a multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis system to which a reactor unit according to the present invention is applied, Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram of an expanded multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis system to which a reactor unit according to the present invention is applied, and Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view and a plan view of the main reactor of the multi-stage separated waste plastic pyrolysis system to which the reactor unit according to the present invention is applied, and Figure 5 is a auxiliary reactor of the multi-stage separated waste plastic pyrolysis system to which the reactor unit according to the present invention is applied. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the reactor unit constituting the , FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5.

The present invention relates to a unit of a multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis reactor. Looking at the multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis system to which the unit of the pyrolysis reactor is applied, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, the configuration is pyrolysis to pyrolyze waste plastic. It includes a reactor 100 and a control device 240 that controls the pyrolysis reactor 100 according to the state of the pyrolysis oil confirmed by sampling the pyrolysis oil produced in the pyrolysis reactor 100.

Here, not only pyrolysis oil but also pyrolysis oil gas is discharged from the top of the pyrolysis reactor 100. A sampling unit 250 is formed on one side of the pyrolysis reactor 100 to sample the discharged pyrolysis oil to determine the pyrolysis oil. You can check the status including quality.

At this time, the sampling unit 250 can check in real time, can check by setting a time interval, or can check only at the beginning when mixed waste plastic is supplied.

Therefore, the waste plastic pyrolysis system of the present invention analyzes the pyrolysis oil discharged by pyrolyzing waste plastic mixed with various types of synthetic resins that cannot be specified, and controls the pyrolysis reactor 100 to correspond to the resulting waste plastic. Even if the material cannot be specified, high-quality pyrolysis oil can be produced.

And, as shown in FIG. 3, the pyrolysis oil gas discharged through the top of the pyrolysis reactor 100 undergoes odor treatment and desulfurization in the process of passing through the gas treatment unit 210 provided on one side. Desulfuration and denitrification treatments are performed.

Here, the pyrolysis oil gas processed in the gas processing unit 210 is contained in the storage tank 220 provided on the side. Since the pyrolysis oil gas contained in the storage tank 220 contains moisture, it is transmitted through a sensor. The control device 240 detects the level of moisture and discharges the moisture through the moisture discharge valve 222 provided at the bottom.

At this time, a power generation module 230 is further provided on the side of the storage tank 220. The power generation module 230 can receive pyrolysis oil gas contained in the storage tank 220 and use it as fuel to produce electricity. there is.

The electricity produced in this way is used as a power source for the waste plastic pyrolysis system of the present invention, and the remaining electricity is used elsewhere.

Meanwhile, the pyrolysis reactor 100 includes a main reactor 110 that receives waste plastic and performs primary pyrolysis, an auxiliary reaction furnace 120 provided on top of the main reactor 110, and the auxiliary reaction. It consists of a gas collection unit 180 provided at the upper part of the furnace 120 to collect pyrolysis oil gas.

Here, the pyrolysis oil gas collected through the gas collection unit 180 is supplied to the gas processing unit 210 and used in the power generation module 230, and the main reactor 110 is supplied to the gas processing unit 210 through an RM trailer, etc. Waste synthetic resin is supplied and pyrolyzed.

And, as shown in FIG. 4, the main reactor 110 is formed on a main body 111 with a space 112 formed therein and on one side of the main body 111 to accommodate the RM trailer, etc. It consists of an inlet 114 through which waste synthetic resin is supplied and a heating member 113 formed along the main body 111.

At this time, the heating member 113 is made of various heating elements including a heating wire, and can maintain the temperature set by control of the control device 240.

Meanwhile, the auxiliary reactor 120 is formed by stacking a plurality of reactor units 130, and the reactor units 130 are modularized to enable heating and cooling, so that the number of stages can be adjusted depending on the situation.

Here, the auxiliary reactor 120 can adjust the number of stacks of the reactor units 130 according to the state of the pyrolysis oil confirmed through the sampling unit 250, and the pyrolysis discharged through the sampling unit 250 If the number of carbons constituting the oil exceeds 20, it is determined that more thermal decomposition process is necessary, and the number of stacked reactor units 130 is increased. If the number of carbons is less than the set value, the number is increased according to the value. By reducing the number of stacked reactor units 130, the optimal number of units can be adjusted.

At this time, depending on the material of the waste plastic, a catalyst may be needed in the pyrolysis process. The control device 240 analyzes the state of the pyrolysis oil received from the sampling unit 250 to determine whether a catalyst is needed, and determines whether the catalyst is needed. If necessary, the reactor unit 130 equipped with a catalyst is stacked among the reactor units 130, so that high-quality pyrolysis oil can be produced.

In this way, the control device 240 can derive the number of stages to increase or decrease by analyzing the state of the pyrolysis oil derived through the sampling unit 250, and separate automation is performed according to the number of stages derived through the control device 240. A device may be provided to automatically adjust the number of stages, or an operator may manually adjust the number of stages according to information output from the control device 240.

And, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the reactor unit 130 includes a unit body 140, a bottom plate 150 formed at the bottom of the unit body 140, and the unit body 140. It includes an upper plate 170 installed on the upper part of the.

Here, inlet pipes 152 through which pyrolysis fume generated by pyrolyzing waste plastic flows into the bottom plate 150 are formed at regular intervals, and at the center of the upper plate 170, pyrolysis fume flows upward. A moving first fume path 172 is formed.

Therefore, the pyrolysis fume flowing in through the inflow pipe 152 formed in the bottom plate 150 hits the top plate 170, moves to the side, and flows to the top through the first fume movement path 172. It moves to the reactor unit 130 where it is located.

Meanwhile, the upper plate 170 has a cross-sectional shape of a portion located outside the first fume passage 172 that is concave upward, and protrudes downward on the outside of the first fume passage 172. A stepped portion 174 is formed.

Here, the pyrolysis fume generated by thermal decomposition of waste plastic is a mixture of high quality with a low carbon count due to a high degree of thermal decomposition and low quality with a large number of carbons due to a low degree of thermal decomposition. The low quality pyrolysis fume with a low degree of thermal decomposition is in a liquid state. It falls downward through the step portion 174.

In addition, a wax component may be generated on the outer surface of the unit body 140. The wax component also has a low degree of thermal decomposition and collects on the bottom plate 150 along with the liquid thermal decomposition fume. do.

At this time, a discharge pipe 154 is further formed in the bottom plate 150. The discharge pipe 154 is located between the inlet pipes to collect liquid pyrolysis fume and wax collected in the bottom plate 150. is moved to the reactor unit 130 or the main reactor 110 located at the bottom for re-thermal decomposition.

Therefore, the waste plastic pyrolysis system of the present invention can re-pyrolyze wax or pyrolysis fume with a low degree of pyrolysis through the above-described process even if the number of stages of the auxiliary reactor 120 is low, producing better quality pyrolysis oil. can produce

In addition, both the inlet pipe 152 and the discharge pipe 154 are formed to protrude upward from the bottom plate 150, and the length of the inlet pipe 152 is formed to be longer than the length of the discharge pipe 154.

Therefore, when wax collected on the bottom plate 150 or pyrolysis fume with a low degree of pyrolysis collects more than the height of the discharge pipe 154, it moves downward through the discharge pipe 154, and the inflow pipe 152 By protruding higher than the wax accumulated at the bottom or the pyrolysis fume with a low degree of pyrolysis, the pyrolysis fume moving upward from the reactor unit 130 or the main reactor 110 located at the lower part flows through the inlet pipe 152. It can be easily moved into the interior of the reactor unit 130.

Meanwhile, a thermoelectric module 142 is further provided on the outside of the unit body 140. The thermoelectric module 142 consists of a thermoelectric element that performs heating or cooling according to control and a control unit that controls the thermoelectric element.

Here, each reactor unit 130 is electrically connected to the control device 240, so that it is controlled by the control device 240 according to the state of the pyrolysis oil confirmed through the sampling unit 250 as described above. This heats or cools each reactor unit 130.

That is, the main reactor 110 constituting the thermal decomposition reactor 100 and the reactor unit 130 constituting the lower part of the auxiliary reactor 120 continuously thermally decompose waste plastic through heating operation. In order to produce high-quality pyrolysis oil, the reactor unit 130 constituting the top of the auxiliary reactor 120 is operated for cooling to cool the pyrolysis fume and generate pyrolysis oil.

At this time, the control device 240 can check the amount of pyrolysis gas collected through the gas collection unit 180 in real time. If the amount of collected pyrolysis gas is greater than the set amount, the auxiliary reactor 120 ), the reactor unit 130 located in the middle stage among the plurality of reactor units 130 constituting the unit performs a cooling operation, thereby increasing the conversion rate of excessively generated pyrolysis oil gas into pyrolysis oil, thereby increasing the conversion rate of pyrolysis oil gas. Let's increase production.

In addition, the reaction reactor unit 130 is further provided with a funnel-shaped middle plate 160 with a center convex downward between the bottom plate 150 and the top plate 170, and the edge of the middle plate 160 A rib 162 is formed so that it can be firmly installed on the inner surface of the unit body 140.

Here, a second fume movement path 164 is formed between the ribs 162 so that the pyrolysis fume supplied through the inlet pipe 152 moves to the upper part of the middle plate 160, and the middle plate ( A liquid discharge port 166 is formed in the center of 160) to move the pyrolysis fume or wax converted to a liquid state to the lower part.

Therefore, the liquid pyrolysis fume or wax is collected on the bottom plate 150 through the lower surface of the middle plate 160 or the liquid outlet 166.

That is, the pyrolysis fume supplied through the inlet pipe 152 first collides with the lower surface of the middle plate 160, then moves upward through the second fume movement path 164, and then again secondarily to the upper plate. It collides with the lower surface of (170). In the process of the pyrolysis fume colliding with the middle plate 160 and the upper plate 170, the low-quality pyrolysis fume with a low degree of thermal decomposition changes into a liquid state and falls on the lower surface of the middle plate 160. Alternatively, it moves downward through the liquid outlet 166.

Therefore, as described above, the liquid pyrolysis fume and wax collected on the bottom plate 150 move downward through the discharge pipe 154 and are re-pyrolyzed, thereby making it possible to produce higher quality pyrolysis oil.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the scope of the rights of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the scope of the rights of the present invention extends to the scope substantially equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the above.

The present invention relates to a unit of a multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis reactor. More specifically, it can be processed to correspond to mixed waste plastics mixed with various materials that are not classified only in one pyrolysis reactor, producing high quality pyrolysis oil. It relates to the monomers that can be obtained through multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis.

100: pyrolysis reactor 110: main reactor
120: auxiliary reactor 130: reactor unit
140: unit body 150: bottom plate
160: middle plate 170: upper plate
180: gas collection unit 210: gas processing unit
220: storage tank 230: power generation module
240: control device 250: sampling unit

Claims (5)

In the reactor unit of the multi-stage separated waste plastic pyrolysis reactor, which consists of a main reactor that receives waste plastic and performs pyrolysis, and an auxiliary reactor provided on top of the main reactor and consisting of a plurality of reactor units stacked,
The reactor unit includes a unit body,
A bottom plate formed at the bottom of the unit body,
It includes an upper plate installed on the upper part of the unit body,
An inflow pipe is formed in the bottom plate through which pyrolysis fume generated by pyrolyzing waste plastic flows in,
A first fume movement path through which pyrolysis fume moves upward is formed in the center of the upper plate,
A thermoelectric module that enables heating and cooling is further provided on the outside of the unit body,
The thermoelectric module is provided at the upper part of the auxiliary reactor, and the amount of pyrolysis gas collected through the gas collection unit for collecting pyrolysis oil gas is greater than the set amount and is located at the middle stage among a plurality of reactor units constituting the auxiliary reactor. A reactor unit of a multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis reactor, characterized in that it is controlled to perform a cooling operation by a control device that controls the multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis reactor when installed in the reactor unit located in .
According to paragraph 1,
On the bottom plate, a discharge pipe is formed to protrude upward, which is located between the inflow pipes and moves the pyrolysis fume or wax converted to a liquid state to the bottom,
The reactor unit of a multi-stage separate waste plastic pyrolysis reactor, wherein the inlet pipe is formed to protrude upward, and the length of the inlet pipe is formed to be longer than the length of the discharge pipe.
delete According to paragraph 1,
A funnel-shaped middle plate with a center convex downward is further provided between the bottom plate and the top plate,
A rib connected to the inner surface of the unit body is formed at the edge of the intermediate plate,
A second fume movement path is formed between the ribs through which pyrolysis fume moves upward,
A reactor unit of a multi-stage separated waste plastic pyrolysis reactor, characterized in that a liquid outlet is formed in the center of the middle plate to move pyrolysis fume or wax converted to a liquid state to the lower part.
According to clause 4,
The upper plate is a multi-stage separation type waste plastic pyrolysis reactor, characterized in that a step protruding downward is formed on the outside of the first fume movement path to allow liquid pyrolysis fume or wax to fall to the upper part of the middle plate. Reactor monomer.