KR102558037B1 - Power generation system using heat of cooling water from fuel cell - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell, and more particularly, to a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell, which generates power by using, as a heat source, heat of cooling water generated in a process in which cooling water having high or low temperature heat discharged after cooling a fuel cell is heat-exchanged with a refrigerant in an evaporator of an organic Rankine cycle device, and reusing the heat-exchanged cooling water as cooling water of a fuel cell without discharging it to the outside.

Description

Power generation system using cooling water heat of fuel cell {POWER GENERATION SYSTEM USING HEAT OF COOLING WATER FROM FUEL CELL}

The present invention relates to a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell, and more particularly, to a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell, which generates power by using, as a heat source, heat of cooling water generated in a process in which cooling water having high or low temperature heat discharged after cooling a fuel cell is heat-exchanged with a refrigerant in an evaporator of an organic Rankine cycle device, and reusing the heat-exchanged cooling water as cooling water of a fuel cell without discharging it to the outside.

In general, an organic cooling cycle (ORC) is a power generation system that produces power using unused thermal energy without using fuel. In other words, unlike existing thermal power generators that burn coal to make steam, it is a power generation system that produces power from internal combustion engines and waste heat discarded from industrial processes. Eco-friendly energy sources such as solar power or geothermal heat, waste heat from ships, and unused energy from various industries, such as waste incinerators, become the heat source of the organic Rankine cycle.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2015-0071872 (hereinafter referred to as prior art) discloses a fuel cell hybrid system capable of continuously improving the efficiency of the entire system even when the operating temperature of the fuel cell is lowered by selectively utilizing the exhaust gas exhausted from the fuel cell. A technology is disclosed.

However, the prior art uses the exhaust gas of the fuel cell, and the cooling water used to cool the fuel cell is discharged from the fuel cell side in addition to the exhaust gas. This cooling water has high or low temperature cooling water heat in the process of cooling the fuel cell.

[Patent Document 1] Domestic Patent Publication No. 2015-0071872 (published date: June 29, 2015)

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power generation system using the heat of the cooling water of a fuel cell, which can generate power by utilizing the heat of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell, and can reduce the cost and energy required to bring the cooling water from the outside.

In order to achieve the above object, a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a circulation pipe configured to circulate cooling water based on the fuel cell to cool the fuel cell; an organic Rankine cycle device configured to receive cooling water heat of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell through heat exchange of the refrigerant and generate electricity; And a supply pipe for drawing LNG cold heat, deep water or dam water for use as a hot needle in the organic Rankine cycle device.

In the power generation system using the heat of the cooling water of the fuel cell according to the embodiment, the organic Rankine cycle device includes an evaporator configured to convert refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas by exchanging heat with the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell; a turbine generator configured to generate electric power by driving a turbine using high-temperature, high-pressure gas obtained by heat exchange by the evaporator; a condenser configured to condense and liquefy the gaseous refrigerant drawn out from the turbine generator by the hot needle; and a refrigerant pump configured to pump the refrigerant liquefied by the condenser and transfer the refrigerant to the evaporator.

In the power generation system using the heat of the cooling water of the fuel cell according to the above embodiment, the organic Rankine cycle device includes first and second organic Rankine cycle devices, wherein the first organic Rankine cycle device comprises a first evaporator configured to convert refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas by exchanging heat with the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell; a first turbine generator configured to generate electric power by driving a turbine using the high-temperature, high-pressure gas obtained through heat exchange by the first evaporator; a first condenser configured to condense and liquefy the gaseous refrigerant drawn from the first turbine generator by the hot needle; and a first refrigerant pump configured to pump the refrigerant liquefied by the first condenser and transfer the refrigerant to the first evaporator, wherein the second organic Rankine cycle device converts the refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by exchanging heat with the cooling water passing through the first evaporator; a second turbine generator configured to produce electric power by driving a turbine using high-temperature, high-pressure gas obtained through heat exchange by the second evaporator; a second condenser configured to condense and liquefy the gaseous refrigerant drawn from the second turbine generator by the hot needle; and a second refrigerant pump configured to pump the refrigerant liquefied by the second condenser and transfer the refrigerant to the second evaporator.

The power generation system using the cooling water heat of the fuel cell according to the embodiment may further include a distributor configured to receive and distribute heat needles through the supply pipe and supply the heat to the first condenser and the second condenser.

In the power generation system using the heat of the cooling water of the fuel cell according to the embodiment, the first condenser is configured to receive a hot needle through the supply pipe, and the second condenser is configured to receive a hot needle passing through the first condenser.

In the power generation system using the heat of the cooling water of the fuel cell according to the above embodiment, the organic Rankine cycle apparatus includes a first evaporator configured to convert refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas by exchanging heat with the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell; a second evaporator configured to convert the refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by exchanging heat with the cooling water that has passed through the first evaporator; a third turbine generator configured to produce electric power by driving a turbine using the high-temperature, high-pressure gas obtained through heat exchange by the first and second evaporators; a distributor for a turbine generator configured to distribute the gaseous refrigerant drawn from the third turbine generator; a first condenser configured to condense and liquefy the one-way gaseous refrigerant distributed by the turbine generator distributor by the hot needle; a second condenser configured to condense and liquefy the gaseous refrigerant distributed in the other direction by the distributor for the turbine generator by the hot needle; a first refrigerant pump configured to pump and deliver the refrigerant liquefied by the first condenser to the first evaporator; and a second refrigerant pump configured to pump the refrigerant liquefied by the second condenser and transfer the refrigerant to the second evaporator.

According to the power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, a circulation pipe configured to circulate cooling water based on the fuel cell to cool the fuel cell; an organic Rankine cycle device configured to receive cooling water heat of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell through heat exchange of the refrigerant and generate electricity; And a supply pipe that draws LNG cold heat, deep water, or lower middle layer water for use as a heat sink in the organic Rankine cycle device, so that power can be generated by utilizing the heat of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell, and there is an excellent effect of reducing related costs and energy required to bring this cooling water from the outside.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is an overall configuration diagram of a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an overall configuration diagram of a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
4 is an overall configuration diagram of a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In describing the embodiments of the present invention, if it is determined that the detailed description of the known technology related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. In addition, terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to the intention or custom of a user or operator. Therefore, the definition should be made based on the contents throughout this specification. Terms used in the detailed description are only for describing the embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting in any way. Unless expressly used otherwise, singular forms of expression include plural forms. In this description, expressions such as "comprising" or "comprising" are intended to indicate certain characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, elements, parts or combinations thereof, and should not be construed to exclude the existence or possibility of one or more other characteristics, numbers, steps, operations, elements, parts or combinations thereof other than those described.

In each system shown in the figures, elements in some cases may each have the same or different reference numbers to indicate that the elements represented may be different or similar. However, elements may have different implementations and work with some or all of the systems shown or described herein. Various elements shown in the drawings may be the same or different. Which one is called the first element and which one is called the second element is arbitrary.

In this specification, 'transmitting', 'transferring', or 'providing' data or signals from one component to another component includes transmitting data or signals directly from one component to another component, as well as transmitting data or signals to another component through at least one other component.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a circulation pipe (P1), an organic Rankine cycle device (C), and a supply pipe (P2).

The circulation pipe (P1) is a pipe that circulates cooling water around the fuel cell (F) to cool the fuel cell (F), and the cooling water passing through the fuel cell has a cooling water sequence including high-temperature heat and low-temperature heat. Cooling water having a cooling water sequence is supplied to the evaporator 10 of the organic Rankine cycle device C and exchanges heat with the refrigerant. The cooling water that has passed through the evaporator 10 in the circulation pipe P1 is not discharged to the outside but is recirculated to cool the fuel cell F, thereby reducing costs and energy required for drawing cooling water from the outside.

The organic Rankine cycle device (C) serves to generate power by receiving the cooling water heat of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell (F) through heat exchange of the refrigerant.

The organic Rankine cycle device (C) has an evaporator 10 that converts refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by exchanging heat with cooling water having cooling water heat discharged from a fuel cell (F), a turbine generator 20 that generates power by driving a turbine using the high-temperature, high-pressure gas obtained by heat exchange by the evaporator 10, and a heat needle (LNG cold heat, deep water, or dam) supplied through a supply pipe (P2) to gaseous refrigerant drawn from the turbine generator 20. It includes a condenser 30 that condenses and liquefies the lower layer water), and a refrigerant pump 40 that pumps the refrigerant liquefied by the condenser 30 and transfers it to the evaporator 10 .

The supply pipe (P2) serves to draw LNG cold heat, deep water or dam middle and lower layer water for use as a hot needle in the organic Rankine cycle device (C).

The operation of the power generation system using the coolant heat of the fuel cell according to the first embodiment configured as described above will be described below.

First, as the fuel cell F operates to generate power, cooling water having cooling water heat is discharged from the fuel cell F, and the cooling water exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the evaporator 10, so that the refrigerant becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state.

Subsequently, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas obtained by heat exchange by the evaporator 10 is applied to the turbine generator 20 to drive the turbine to produce electric power.

Next, the gaseous refrigerant drawn out from the turbine generator 20 is condensed by heat sink in the condenser 30 and converted to a refrigerant in a liquefied state, pumped by the refrigerant pump 40 and provided to the evaporator 10. The power generation operation is repeated.

[Second Embodiment]

2 is an overall configuration diagram of a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a circulation pipe P1, first and second organic Rankine cycle devices C1 and C2, a supply pipe P2, and a distributor 50.

The circulation pipe (P1) is a pipe that circulates cooling water around the fuel cell (F) to cool the fuel cell (F), and the cooling water that has passed through the fuel cell (F) has a cooling water sequence including high-temperature heat and low-temperature heat. Cooling water having a cooling water sequence is supplied to the first evaporator 10' and the second evaporator 10'' of the first and second organic Rankine cycle devices C1 and C2 to exchange heat with the refrigerant. The cooling water that has passed through the first and second evaporators 10′ and 10″ in the circulation pipe P1 is not discharged to the outside but is recirculated to cool the fuel cell F, so that costs and energy required for drawing cooling water from the outside can be reduced.

The first organic Rankine cycle device (C1) has a first evaporator (10') that converts the refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by heat-exchanging it with the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell (F), a first turbine generator (20') that generates power by driving a turbine using the high-temperature, high-pressure gas obtained by heat exchange by the first evaporator (10'), and the gaseous refrigerant drawn from the first turbine generator (20') is provided through a distributor (50) It includes a first condenser 30′ that condenses and liquefies by a hot needle, and a first refrigerant pump 40′ that pumps the refrigerant liquefied by the first condenser 30′ and delivers it to the first evaporator 10′.

The second organic Rankine cycle device (C2) has a second evaporator (10″) that converts the refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by exchanging heat with the cooling water that has passed through the first evaporator (10′), a second turbine generator (20″) that generates power by driving a turbine using the high-temperature, high-pressure gas obtained through heat exchange by the second evaporator (10″), and a distributor (50). A second condenser 30″ that condenses and liquefies by a hot needle provided through), and a second refrigerant pump 40″ that pumps the refrigerant liquefied by the second condenser 30″ and delivers it to the second evaporator 10″. It includes.

The distributor 50 serves to receive and distribute the hot needle through the supply pipe P2 and supply the first condenser 30′ and the second condenser 30″. Here, the form in which the hot needles are supplied through the distributor 50 is a parallel configuration form.

On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the organic Rankine cycle device was configured in a two-stage form, the first and second organic Rankine cycle devices, but it may be configured in a three-stage or more form.

The operation of the power generation system using the coolant heat of the fuel cell according to the second embodiment configured as described above will be described below.

First, as the fuel cell F operates to generate electricity, coolant having coolant heat is discharged from the fuel cell F, and the coolant exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the first evaporator 10', so that the refrigerant becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous state.

Then, each of the first and second organic Rankine cycle devices C1 and C2 are operated to generate power generation. This is because two organic Rankine cycles are used instead of one organic Rankine cycle in the first embodiment, so that the effect of increasing the output and cycle efficiency of the power generation system is achieved.

[Third Embodiment]

3 is an overall configuration diagram of a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the power generation system using the cooling water heat of the fuel cell according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the configuration of the circulation pipe P1, the first and second organic Rankine cycle devices C1 and C2, and the supply pipe P2 is the same as that of the second embodiment.

Only the distributor 50 of the second embodiment is not included, the hot needle is provided to the first condenser 30′ through the supply pipe P2, and the hot needle passed through the first condenser 30′ is provided to the second condenser 30″. It is different from the second embodiment.

In this way, the form in which the hot needle is supplied is a series configuration form.

[Fourth Embodiment]

4 is an overall configuration diagram of a power generation system using cooling water heat of a fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the power generation system using the cooling water heat of the fuel cell according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention has the same configuration of the circulation pipe P1 and the supply pipe P2 as in the second embodiment.

In the configuration of the organic Rankine cycle device C3, only the third turbine generator 20-1 is included instead of including the first and second turbine generators 20' and 20" of the second embodiment. In addition, the refrigerant through the second evaporator 10″ is provided to the third turbine generator 20-1, and the refrigerant passing through the third turbine generator 20-1 passes through the distributor 60 for the turbine generator. The form provided to the first condenser 30′ and the second condenser 30″ is different from the second embodiment.

On the other hand, in the above fourth embodiment, the distributor 50 receives the hot needle through the supply pipe P2, distributes it, and supplies it to the first condenser 30′ and the second condenser 30″. Although described as an example, the form in which the hot needle is supplied may be a serial configuration form, as in the third embodiment.

According to the power generation system using the heat of cooling water of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, a circulation pipe configured to circulate cooling water based on the fuel cell to cool the fuel cell; an organic Rankine cycle device configured to receive cooling water heat of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell through heat exchange of the refrigerant and generate electricity; And a supply pipe that draws LNG cold heat, deep water, or lower middle layer water for use as a heat sink in the organic Rankine cycle device, so that power can be generated by utilizing the heat of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell, and related costs and energy required to bring this cooling water from the outside can be reduced.

Optimum embodiments have been disclosed in the drawings and specifications, and specific terms have been used, but these are only used for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the meaning or scope of the present invention described in the claims. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

10: evaporator
10′: 1st evaporator
10″: 2nd evaporator
P1: circulation pipe
P2: supply pipe
C1: first organic Rankine cycle device
C2: second organic Rankine cycle device
20: turbine generator
20′: 1st turbine generator
20″: 2nd turbine generator
20-1: 3rd turbine generator
30: condenser
30′: 1st condenser
30″: 2nd condenser
40: refrigerant pump
40′: first refrigerant pump
40″: Second refrigerant pump
50: divider
60: Distributor for turbine generator

Claims (6)

A circulation pipe (P1) configured to circulate cooling water based on the fuel cell to cool the fuel cell (F);
an organic Rankine cycle device configured to receive cooling water heat of the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell through heat exchange of the refrigerant and generate electricity; and
A supply pipe (P2) that draws LNG cold heat, deep water or dam water for use as a hot needle in the organic Rankine cycle device; includes,
The organic Rankine cycle device
A first evaporator (10') configured to convert the refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by exchanging heat with the cooling water discharged from the fuel cell;
A second evaporator (10″) configured to convert the refrigerant, which is a working fluid, into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas by heat exchange with the cooling water passing through the first evaporator;
a third turbine generator (20-1) configured to generate electric power by driving a turbine using high-temperature, high-pressure gas obtained by heat exchange by the first and second evaporators;
a distributor (60) for a turbine generator configured to distribute the gaseous refrigerant drawn from the third turbine generator;
a first condenser (30') configured to condense and liquefy the one-way gaseous refrigerant distributed by the distributor for the turbine generator by the hot needle;
a second condenser (30″) configured to condense and liquefy the gaseous refrigerant distributed in the other direction by the distributor for the turbine generator by the hot needle;
a first refrigerant pump (40') configured to pump and deliver the refrigerant liquefied by the first condenser to the first evaporator; and
and a second refrigerant pump (40″) configured to pump the refrigerant liquefied by the second condenser and transfer the refrigerant to the second evaporator. delete delete delete delete delete

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