KR102544552B1 - Aquaculture farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for seafood management - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fish farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of marine products, which comprises: an inflow water storage tank in which the breeding water flowing in from the outside is stored and sterilized; a breeding tank in which marine life is raised by receiving the breeding water; and a sedimentation tank in which the breeding water drained from the breeding tank is stored. By providing a fish farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of marine products in which the breeding water flows in the order of the inflow water storage tank, breeding tank, and sedimentation tank, the flow of breeding water minimizes energy use by inducing water flow using gravity by varying the position (height) of the water tank, thereby reducing energy consumption due to circulation of breeding water. Also, as the breeding water, in aquaculture farms where the flow of breeding water moves through pipes, discharged from the tank is disconnected from the tank into which the breeding water was released and moved to the next tank, it is effective in preventing reverse infection where pathogens or viruses travel through the water current into the previous tank.

Description

Aquaculture farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for seafood management}

The present invention relates to a farm that is installed on land and can maintain the quality of aquatic products provided to consumers, and sterilizes inflow water through a UV sterilizer and sand filtration to prevent the inflow of pathogens from breeding water flowing into the land farm, and pathogens in the discharge water It relates to a farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products that can completely sterilize and discharge unknown inflow harmful pathogens that may exist in the water used by sterilization through plasma or electrolysis for complete sterilization.

Recently, food-related accidents such as food poisoning, mad cow disease, dioxin contamination of pigs, and bird flu are getting bigger and bigger, so it is necessary to build a safe food production, processing, distribution, and consumption system that people can eat more safely.

The level of awareness of food safety, including aquatic products, has increased significantly compared to the past, with safety factors being considered as the top priority among consumers' food purchase decision factors. Much attention has been focused on the importance of aquatic life and the prevention and spread of diseases in aquatic organisms.

Deterioration in the quality of aquatic products distributed to consumers first occurs in land-based farms. In general, in land farms, infections that occur during the aquaculture process, such as the inflow of seedlings or parent fish infected with viruses, bacteria, parasites, etc., or deterioration of water quality, may frequently occur.

At this time, aquaculture organisms infected in the farm infect healthy aquaculture organisms, causing mass mortality in the farm, and such infectious agents are host-swiching, which exchanges pathogens between species in the natural ecosystem by drained breeding water. This has a great impact on the environment of the coastal waters where it is released, and at the same time, if the contaminated seawater is used for fish farms in coastal waters, it can cause secondary problems such as mass mortality of farmed fish species in the farms.

In addition, in land farms, a large amount of aquaculture water is continuously introduced and discharged, so that ammonia nitrogen, etc. generated in aquaculture is leaked to the outside together with the effluent, thereby causing contamination of the water system. Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0791778 discloses a land aquaculture apparatus and method that can be reused by circulating aquaculture water. However, the above prior literature does not disclose a configuration for reducing the energy consumed for circulation and resupply of aquaculture water and preventing the exchange of breeding water between tanks using the backflow prevention aberration of the present invention, showing a difference.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0791778 relates to a terrestrial fish farming apparatus and method, and more specifically, discloses a terrestrial fish farming apparatus and method for cultivating fish by circulating and reusing aquaculture water in a culture tank. In Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0102079, the output of the driving pump at high tide time is adjusted using the difference between the tides and the ebb and flow of the ocean, and the water level is reduced by time by using the water level in the seawater tank, and the growth environment is controlled through automatic oxygen control. It discloses an IoT-based farm energy saving system that can reduce energy by reducing power by considering internal/external environmental factors. Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2021-0022282 discloses a sterilization device for farm water that can accurately adjust the concentration of sterilizing ingredients in farm water such as marine organisms and freshwater organisms to the required concentration. In particular, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2354259 discloses a seawater supply system for a land-based tank type fish farm employing a branching head instead of an elevated tank.

The present invention is to solve the above problem that most of the pathogens introduced or generated in land farms are host-swiching in which pathogens are exchanged between aquaculture organisms and natural ecosystem species within the farm, resulting in collective mortality of aquaculture species. To this end, it is intended to provide a farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products by confirming the effect of water treatment equipment for aquaculture organisms, pathogen death, and treatment of influent and discharge water.

A farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an inflow water storage tank in which breeding water introduced from the outside is stored and sterilized, a breeding tank for receiving the breeding water and breeding aquatic organisms, and drainage from the breeding tank. It consists of a settling tank in which the breeding water is stored, and the breeding water may flow in the order of the inflow water storage tank, breeding tank, and settling tank. The inflow water storage tank may include a sand filter and a sterilizer capable of removing floating matter and sterilizing and disinfecting the inflow water.

In the inflow water storage tank, the breeding water tank, and the settling tank, a breeding water transport device is installed so that the breeding water is moved by positional movement due to a height difference, and the breeding water transport device is a container that can contain a certain amount of breeding water and the center of gravity of the container When the fixed support is connected to the lower part and the pedestal is connected to the lower part of the container and the breeding water is contained, the center of gravity of the container moves from the lower part to the upper part, and the container may be overturned to move the breeding water.

A bead filter and a mesh filter are installed in the breeding tank to purify the breeding water at a higher position than the breeding tank, and a submersible pump capable of moving the breeding water to the bead filter may be installed.

The sedimentation tank may include a chlorine generator, a plasma device, an electrolysis device, and a degassing device for sterilizing the breeding water, and may consist of a discharge unit for sterilizing and storing the breeding water stored in the sedimentation tank, discharging it, and resupplying the breeding water to the breeding tank. there is. The inflow water storage tank, the breeding tank, and the sedimentation tank may be moved by positional movement due to a height difference.

In the present invention, the flow of breeding water minimizes energy use by inducing water flow using gravity by placing a difference in position (height) of the tank, thereby reducing energy consumption due to breeding water circulation and moving through pipes In a farm where breeding water flows, the breeding water discharged from the tank is disconnected from the released tank and moved to the next tank, so the effect of preventing reverse infection in which pathogens or viruses rise to the inside of the previous tank through the water flow there is

1 shows a schematic diagram of a flow-through farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products according to Example 1 of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a circulating filtration farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products of the present invention.
3 shows a schematic diagram of a breeding water transfer device in a farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products of the present invention.
Figure 4 shows a microbial killing effect verification graph of an ultraviolet sterilizer, a plasma device, and an electrolysis device.
5 shows a virus killing effect verification graph of an ultraviolet sterilizer, a plasma device, and an electrolysis device.

Hereinafter, it will be described in detail with reference to drawings related to a farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products of the present invention.

1 shows a flow-through farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products according to Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 shows a circulating filtration farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products according to Example 2 of the present invention. The flow-through farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products of the present invention consists of an inlet, a storage, and a discharge.

The breeding water purifying device that can be used in the inlet 100 includes an inflow water storage tank in which introduced seawater is stored and sterilized, and a sand filter and sterilizer installed in the inflow water storage tank to remove suspended matter from collected seawater and to sterilize and disinfect it. .

The breeding water purifying device usable in the storage unit 200 includes a breeding tank for breeding aquatic organisms by supplying the breeding water stored in the inlet to a position lower than the inlet 100, and the breeding water in the breeding tank can be purified. A bead filter and a mesh filter are installed so that the bead filter is equipped with a submersible pump capable of moving the breeding water to the bead filter.

The breeding water purification device that can be used in the discharge unit 300 includes a settling tank in which the breeding water drained from the storage unit is stored at a lower position than the storage unit, a chlorine generator installed in the settling tank to sterilize the breeding water, and a plasma device , An electrolysis device and a degassing device may be included to sterilize and store the breeding water stored in the settling tank, discharge it, and re-supply it to the storage unit 300.

The installation location of the inlet, storage, and discharge parts constituting the flowing-water farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products of the present invention places a difference in position (height) of the tank to induce water flow using gravity to use energy was minimized. A natural flow of water is achieved from the influent storage tank to the tank for quarantine objects by using the height. In the present invention, the height difference between the inlet to the storage unit and the storage unit to the discharge unit was set to 0.7 m, and the height difference between the inlet and the storage unit was not to exceed 2 m. In addition, the breeding water transfer device 40 may be installed at an intermediate portion between the inlet portion 100 and the storage portion 200 and between the storage portion 200 and the discharge portion 300.

In the inlet 100 of the present invention, an inflow water storage tank 10 is installed in which breeding water collected from seawater is stored and sterilized, and a sand filter 11 and a sterilizer 12 may be installed.

The sand filter 11 of the present invention is commonly known, and the sand filter is a device for removing contaminants in water by using sand as a filtering medium. Slow sand filtration to process and rapid sand filtration to process 120m/hr can be selected and installed.

As an example, inside the filter of the chamber structure through which the collected breeding water can pass, filter pebbles with large and small particle diameters are introduced, and then placed in the order of yarn and filter yarn thereon, and can be installed in a gravity type that can be filtered downward. .

The sterilizer 12 of the present invention can be implemented as being installed in water treatment in general, and an ultraviolet (Ultraviolet light, UV) sterilizer is installed as an embodiment of the present invention. The UV sterilizer does not generate disinfection by-products, so it not only shows a stable disinfection effect, but can also remove substances that are difficult to remove with chlorine or ozone. there is According to an embodiment of the present invention, in order to compensate for the disadvantages of the ultraviolet sterilizer generated in water, the sand filter may be installed, and the ultraviolet sterilizer may emit light after pre-filtering.

The storage unit 200 of the present invention includes a breeding tank 20 for supplying and breeding imported aquatic products and the breeding water stored in the inlet, and a bead filter 21 and a mesh filter 22 so that the breeding water in the tank can be purified. Is installed, and a submersible pump may be installed to move the breeding water to the bead filter. In the storage unit, solid content is removed, water quality is purified and recycled, and regular monitoring is performed.

The bead filter and the mesh filter are practical in terms of efficiency and management because they can completely remove solid excrement from aquatic products and remove nitrogen compounds such as ammonia in water with minimal expense.

A monitoring system 23 capable of monitoring the breeding tank may be separately installed in the storage unit. The monitoring system of the present invention includes a sensor unit that measures the water quality of a breeding tank, a memory unit that converts the information measured by the sensor unit into data and transmits it to the control unit, and automatically real-time according to basic settings from the information received from the memory. It may consist of a controllable control unit.

In the monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the water quality of the breeding tank is detected in real time through the sensor unit, and the control unit operates the submersible pump of the storage unit according to the set value of the data transmitted by the memory unit, so that the drained breeding water is a bead filter and a mesh filter. After passing through the purification process, the process of being re-supplied to the breeding tank is commanded, or the command to move to the discharge unit to be described later, go through a series of processes, and then give the command to be re-supplied to the breeding tank or discharged to the outside.

The discharge unit 300 of the present invention includes a settling tank 30 in which the breeding water drained from the storage unit is stored, a chlorine generator 31 and a plasma generator 32 installed in the settling tank to sterilize the stored breeding water , an electrolysis device 33, and a degassing device 34 may be installed.

The chlorine generator operates the chemical feeder and chlorine generator so that the breeding water stored in the settling tank reaches the set appropriate chlorine concentration. Specifically, the operation of the chlorine generator generates chlorine in the chlorine generator, and the generated chlorine is transferred to the chemical injector and can be mixed with breeding water in the settling tank through the pumping process of the chemical injector.

The plasma generating device of the present invention processes the breeding water in the settling tank so that the breeding water can be exposed to plasma for a certain period of time by running the device. Plasma changes its phase depending on the temperature, and when external energy is applied to the gas above a critical value, the atoms constituting the gas dissociate into positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons. A group of charged particles that are electrically neutral and distributed in approximately equal densities.

Typically, a plasma generator is formed in a vacuum state ranging from 1.3 to 13.3 mbar, and there is atmospheric pressure plasma using corona or dielectric discharge. DC power and RF power of microwave frequency up to 10 GHz are used as power. When plasma is generated, gas is generated, and this gas particle represents a complex property of electrical + and ??, and refers to a particle that has a simple or complex load in the air at the atomic or molecular level. The ionized gas generated by electron beam irradiation or electrical discharges, which is the source of plasma generation, includes O+, O2+, O3+, N2+, N3+, N4+, NO+, N2O+, H2O+, Ar+ as + ions, and O-, O22 as - ions. -, NO2-, NO3- and OH-. In addition, when oxygen is used as an injection gas, nitrogen ions are not generated, and the negative ions and positive ions generated at this time form clusters and have the property of lengthening in proportion to the size of the cluster.

Plasma disinfection is used as a water treatment equipment system by sterilizing by generating various active radicals generated through underwater discharge, and is suitable for disinfection of relatively large amount of water in a short time. The plasma disinfection device according to the present invention can effectively remove all kinds of harmful pathogens that organisms subject to quarantine can carry and discharge.

The electrolysis device (33) is a technology developed as a method of disinfecting the ballast water of a ship. There are several things to consider when using it at an aquaculture site or a quarantine test site, but it consumes less energy than other methods, the device is simple, and the operation is easy. It is continuously and stably used in various processes.

It is used for advanced water treatment or wastewater treatment of water containing inorganic or organic electrolytes, and reactions such as physical and chemical oxidation and reduction decomposition, precipitation, neutralization, aggregation, and sterilization occur by supplying electrical energy to the electrolyte, It is a method of removing various contaminants using these reactions. The advantage of the electrolysis device is that it has a strong sterilization effect, but it has a disadvantage that it cannot be used in fresh water because it can be operated only when NaCl (Sodium chloride), an electrolyte, is present in the water.

The deaeration device 34 is installed at a position lower than the installation height of the settling tank so that the breeding water after the sterilization process in the settling tank is moved by an aberration, and the deaeration device according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a tank for storing the breeding water, the settling tank and the aberration A breeding water supply unit is installed to be movable, and a plurality of side wall parts installed in a direction perpendicular to the breeding water supply can be installed inside the tank. etc. can be separated. At this time, a gas discharge unit is installed in the tank so that the gas separated from the breeding water can be discharged to the outside. At the bottom of the tank, a discharge pipe may be installed to collect degassed breeding water and discharge it to the outside or supply it back to the breeding tank.

The discharge part can be finally disinfected by the settling tank and chemical sterilization, and the water discharged from the discharge part is chemically disinfected, such as chlorine, so that no pathogen can survive. Accordingly, the proliferation of pathogens occurring in typical land-based farms, which has been raised as a problem of the present invention, is suppressed, and discharged water is minimized and recycled. In addition, energy consumption can be minimized because the flow of water within the discharge unit uses gravity due to the step difference.

The installation positions of the inlet, storage, and outlet constituting the present invention minimized energy use by inducing water flow using gravity by placing a difference in position (height) of the water tank. A natural flow of water is achieved from the influent storage tank to the tank for quarantine objects by using the height.

Water is circulated from the breeding tank 20 to the bead filter 21 using a submersible pump. Thereafter, the movement of water through the mesh filter 22 to the quarantine object tank or sedimentation tank is maintained without energy consumption by gravity. The system of the present invention does not require energy supply for the movement of breeding water except for movement from the breeding tank to the bead filter.

In the present invention, the breeding water movement that connects the inlet 100 and the storage unit 200 and the storage unit 200 and the discharge unit 300 is a method using a breeding water transfer device 40 rather than a general pipe connection method. is formed by In general, in circulation filtration type aquaculture facilities, breeding water passes through pipes and is transferred to the next tank through a pipe for transporting breeding water. At this time, if the flow rate of the breeding water inside the pipe is slow, pathogens or viruses may have a reverse infection effect that rises to the inside of the water tank in the previous step by riding the water flow. In order to prevent this, it is desirable that the breeding water once discharged from the tank is disconnected from the released tank and moved to the next tank.

3 shows a breeding number movement device using center movement. The breeding water transport device 40 of the present invention can use a breeding water moving device capable of collecting and moving the breeding water by moving the center of the breeding water due to the weight difference of the breeding water. The breeding water moving device may be formed by connecting a container capable of holding a certain amount of breeding water, a fixed support to the lower part of the center of gravity of the container, and a pedestal connected to the lower part of the container. When a certain amount of breeding water is contained in the container, the center of gravity of the container moves from the lower part to the upper part, and the container is overturned, pouring out the breeding water to the lower part and moving.

As another embodiment, an electric opening and closing device capable of intermittently opening and closing the pipe at regular time intervals can be used, and one or more breeding water moving devices can be used in combination.

<Experimental Example 1> Circulation filtration system sterilization effect verification

Using marine microorganisms and viruses that affect fish to verify the sterilization effect of ultraviolet sterilizers, plasma devices, and electrolysis devices, which are disinfection devices in a circulating filtration farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products according to Example 2 of the present invention The sterilization effect was verified.

Marine microorganisms according to Experimental Example 1 of the present invention were used by selecting and culturing Vibrio strains that affect fish. The experimental method is to incubate Vibrio strains, immerse them in a water tank (300L), and then operate each device to test water in the tank for a certain period of time before and after operation of the device and the number of viable cells in the inflow water sterilized by the device (Colony Forming Unit, An experiment was conducted to verify the microbial sterilization effect through CFU) measurement. Viruses were used by selecting and culturing each one of the viruses appearing in seawater and freshwater, and as in the above method, after immersing the virus in a water tank (300L), each device was operated. It was confirmed whether the virus was killed through virus culture and TCID50 (Tissue Culture Infective Dose 50%) of the experimental water in the tank before and after the device operation and the inflow water after the device operation. The pathogen killing effect of each device was confirmed through 3 repeated experiments.

Figure 4 shows a microbial killing effect verification graph of an ultraviolet sterilizer, a plasma device, and an electrolysis device. As a result of ultraviolet sterilization, it was confirmed that the microorganisms were sterilized by more than 99% when 40 minutes had elapsed after the device was operated, and the inflow water from the device was also sterilized by more than 99%. As a result of plasma sterilization, it was confirmed that the microorganisms were sterilized by more than 99% when 40 minutes had elapsed after the device was operated, and the inflow water from the device was also sterilized by more than 99%.

As a result of the electrolytic sterilization, it was confirmed that the microorganisms were sterilized by 99% or more when 40 minutes had elapsed after the device was operated, and the inflow water flowing from the device was also sterilized by more than 99%. Since all three devices according to Experimental Example 1 sterilized and disinfected more than 99% of the corresponding pathogens, it was confirmed that they could be operated in the SPF circulation filtration system to be developed.

5 shows a virus killing effect verification graph of an ultraviolet sterilizer, a plasma device, and an electrolysis device. As a result of UV sterilization of the virus, it was confirmed that more than 99% of the virus was killed 40 minutes after the device was operated, and more than 99% of the inflow water from the device was also killed and introduced. As a result of plasma sterilization of the virus, it was confirmed that more than 99% of the virus was killed 40 minutes after the device was operated, and the inflow water from the device was also confirmed to be more than 99% killed and introduced.

As a result of electrolytic sterilization of the virus, it was confirmed that more than 99% of the virus was killed 40 minutes after the device was operated, and it was confirmed that more than 99% of the inflow water from the device was also killed and introduced. Since all three devices according to Experimental Example 1 sterilized and disinfected more than 99% of the virus, it was confirmed that they could be operated in the SPF circulation filtration system to be developed.

By providing a farm that can prevent and manage the infection route of diseases that occur in normal land-based farms, and improve the quality of aquatic products by blocking pathogens from seawater in the coastal waters around the farms, pathogen inflow is prevented and mortality rates are reduced. It is possible to increase the profits of fishermen due to this, so there is industrial applicability.

100: inlet 200: storage
300: discharge unit 10: inlet water storage tank 11: sand filter
12: sterilizer 20: breeding tank 21: bead filter
22: mesh filter 23: monitoring system 30: sedimentation tank
31: chlorine generator 32: plasma device 33: electrolysis device
34: degassing device 40: breeding water transfer device

Claims (3)

It consists of an inflow water storage tank in which the breeding water introduced from the outside is stored and sterilized, a breeding tank for breeding aquatic organisms by receiving the breeding water, and a settling tank in which the breeding water drained from the breeding tank is stored. A breeding water moving device is installed so that the breeding water is moved by the positional movement due to the height difference.
In the breeding water moving device, a container capable of storing a certain amount of breeding water, a fixed support is connected to the lower center of gravity of the container, and a pedestal is connected to the lower part of the container to move the breeding water by moving the center of the breeding water,
A farm for preventing backflow of breeding water for quality control of aquatic products, characterized in that it consists of a discharge unit that sterilizes and stores the breeding water stored in the settling tank, discharges it, and resupplies it to the breeding tank.
The method of claim 1, wherein the settling tank includes a chlorine generator, a plasma device, an electrolysis device, and a degassing device for sterilizing breeding water,
In the breeding tank, a bead filter and a mesh filter are formed to purify the breeding water at a higher position than the breeding tank, and a water pump for moving the breeding water to the bead filter is installed. Fish farm for backflow prevention delete

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