KR102535885B1 - small incineration system - Google Patents

Abstract

The small-sized incineration system of the present invention increases the combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency of an incinerator using combustible waste or solid fuel, which has lower combustion efficiency than conventional fossil fuels, and incineration system including a post-processing device to respond to environmental regulations that are getting worse day by day It relates to a small incineration system that can encourage the use of eco-friendly small incinerators by reducing the burden on actual industrial sites by reducing initial costs, operation and maintenance costs in

Description

Small incineration system {small incineration system}

The present invention integrates a boiler for recovering combustion heat in a small incinerator that increases the combustion efficiency of the incinerator by using a rotary airflow generator that supplies air flowing into the incinerator to spread evenly, and cools the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator. It relates to a compact incineration system capable of increasing the thermal efficiency of a boiler by supplying water heat-exchanged in a heat exchanger provided to a boiler integrated with an incinerator.

Recently, as the international community's interest in environmental pollution increases, flammable waste is produced as a solid fuel and used as an auxiliary fuel to replace coal in power plants, large industrial boilers, and steel mills equipped with air pollution prevention facilities. However, these solid fuels are mainly used limitedly only in super-large industrial facilities or previously built facilities, and thus the consumption of solid fuels is insufficient despite the great environmental advantage of recycling waste. Accordingly, there is a need to develop equipment for solid fuels that can be applied to small and medium-sized industrial facilities and to increase efficiency against cost of building facilities so that businesses can have economic advantages.

Accordingly, the supply of incinerators that generate steam by utilizing the combustion heat generated while incinerating solid fuel or combustible waste, and generate air conditioning or electricity using the steam generated in this way is attracting attention as a factor to promote the consumption of solid fuel. However, there are currently technical limitations to improve the combustion efficiency of incinerators using renewable fuel and the thermal efficiency of boilers, and also, to meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations, after filtering air pollutants from exhaust gas Due to the limitation that a lot of cost is required for the construction and maintenance of treatment facilities, the spread of incinerator facilities for solid fuels in the actual field is being delayed.

Accordingly, the inventors of the present invention ensure that air is supplied to the inside of the combustion unit where waste is incinerated through Korea Patent Registration No. 10-2083131 (hereinafter referred to as "prior patent document"), but the air supplied to the combustion unit is An incineration device has been proposed that allows complete combustion of waste by improving combustion efficiency by allowing air to spread evenly in the internal space of the combustion unit by rotating it from the inside, but prior patent documents do not utilize high-temperature heat generated during incineration. There was a problem with being abandoned.

Therefore, a boiler for recovering combustion heat is integrated into a small incinerator that requires relatively low equipment cost and is manufactured in a small volume, and the heat exchanged water in the heat exchanger provided to cool the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator is integrated with the incinerator. We would like to propose a small incineration system that can increase the thermal efficiency of the boiler by supplying it to the boiler.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-2083131 {Incineration device equipped with an air supply unit generating rotating airflow, 2020.02.28. Announcement}

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and integrates a boiler for recovering combustion heat in a vertical cylindrical incinerator that requires relatively low equipment costs and is easy to manufacture and install due to its small volume, and reduces exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator. It is intended to provide a compact incineration system capable of increasing the thermal efficiency of the boiler by supplying water heat-exchanged in a heat exchanger provided for cooling to a boiler integrated with an incinerator.

In order to solve the above problems, a small incineration system of the present invention includes an incinerator in which the incineration material is input and burned; a heat exchanger cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator; And a boiler formed to be integrated with the incinerator; and a secondary combustion chamber communicated with an upper portion of the primary combustion chamber and configured to completely burn incompletely burned incineration gas, wherein the boiler includes: a circulating water tank provided below the primary combustion chamber; a steam tank provided to cover an upper outer circumferential surface of the secondary combustion chamber; and an evaporation pipe connected to the circulating water tank and the steam tank, and a plurality of evaporation pipes arranged in a vertical direction along an outer circumferential surface of the primary combustion chamber. an inlet through which water is supplied from the heat exchanger; and a discharge outlet through which water from the circulating water tank is discharged to the heat exchanger, wherein the heat exchanger includes a body including an intake port through which high-temperature exhaust gas is introduced and an exhaust port through which cooled exhaust gas is discharged; a lower water tank provided below the inside of the body and configured to be filled with water introduced from the outside; a plurality of heat exchange tubes communicating with the lower water tank and disposed vertically; and an upper water tank provided above the inside of the body and communicated with an upper end of the heat exchange tube to supply water flowing into the lower water tank through the heat exchange tube. a cooling water inlet provided in the lower water tank and into which water discharged from the outlet of the boiler flows; a cooling water outlet provided in the upper water tank to discharge water to the inlet of the boiler; and a gas circulation path in which the high-temperature exhaust gas introduced into the body is heat-exchanged through the outer surfaces of the upper water tank, the heat exchange tube, and the lower water tank to be cooled, and the water filled in the boiler and the heat exchanger is circulated with each other. However, it is characterized in that the water and steam heated in the heat exchanger are supplied to the inlet of the boiler, and the water discharged from the outlet of the boiler is introduced into the lower water tank of the heat exchanger.

In addition, it is characterized in that it includes a rotary airflow generator provided inside the primary combustion chamber, supplying air so that the introduced air generates a rotary airflow inside the primary combustion chamber.

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In addition, the incinerator is provided to be in contact with at least a part of the outer surface of the evaporation pipe, further comprising a fire resistant member forming the primary combustion chamber, characterized in that the fire resistant member is installed to be supported by the evaporation pipe.

In addition, the rotary airflow generator, a straight pipe receiving air from the outside and

It includes a curved pipe formed at one end of the straight pipe, and air is supplied to the inside through the lower end of the primary combustion chamber through the curved pipe, and the primary combustion chamber is supplied by the air supplied by the rotary airflow generator. Characterized in that a rotating airflow is generated within.

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In addition, the heat exchanger further includes a partition wall formed to seal at least a part of the inside of the body in the vertical direction along the outer surface of the upper water tank so that the introduced exhaust gas flows downward of the upper water tank. .

In addition, the small incineration system of the present invention further comprises a water level sensor for measuring the level of the water filled inside the steam tank of the incinerator and a water supply device for supplying water to the heat exchanger from the outside, the water supply device is the steam tank of the incinerator. It is characterized in that the water supply amount is adjusted according to the level of the water filled in.

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In addition, the inlet of the boiler is connected to the steam tank and the outlet is connected to the circulating water tank, so that water and steam heated in the heat exchanger are supplied to the steam tank of the boiler and discharged from the circulating water tank of the boiler. It is characterized in that the water is circulated by allowing the water to flow into the lower water tank of the heat exchanger.

In addition, the small-sized incineration system further includes a post-processing device for filtering environmental pollutants contained in the exhaust gas cooled in the heat exchanger and discharging them into the atmosphere. The post-processing device may include a cyclone for collecting dust included in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator; A bag filter unit installed at the rear end of the cyclone to filter harmful compounds or environmental pollutants in the exhaust gas; It is characterized in that it includes a manned blower for forcing the flow inside the bag filter unit to induce the exhaust gas to flow into the exhaust chimney.

In addition, the cyclone may include an inlet duct into which exhaust gas flows; a cyclone body which rotates the exhaust gas introduced from the inlet duct in a cyclone manner to drop dust and move the exhaust gas upward; a plurality of filters provided on the upper side of the cyclone body and filtering fine dust; an outlet for discharging exhaust gas that has passed through the plurality of filters; and a distribution channel for spraying high-pressure air to remove the fine dust adhered to the surfaces of the plurality of filters.

In addition, a cooling water chamber or a cooling water pipe wall for cooling the exhaust gas is further provided on the outer circumferential surface of the cyclone.

The present invention according to the above configuration is provided to integrate a boiler for recovering combustion heat in a vertical cylindrical incinerator that requires relatively low equipment cost and is easy to manufacture and install due to its small volume and to cool the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator. There is an effect of increasing the thermal efficiency of the boiler by supplying the heat exchanged water in the heat exchanger to the boiler integrated with the incinerator.

In addition, the incinerator of the present invention is provided at the top of the primary combustion chamber that generates a rotating airflow to completely burn the incompletely burned exhaust gas to suppress the emission of harmful gases such as air pollutants and dioxins caused by incomplete combustion, and discharge By recovering the waste heat of the discharged gas and circulating the temperature of the water supplied to the incinerator, there is an effect of increasing the thermal efficiency required for steam generation of the incinerator during continuous operation.

1 is a schematic diagram showing an incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 and 3 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a primary combustion chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 5 is a perspective view showing a rotary airflow generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 and 7 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is an exemplary diagram for explaining cooling water circulation of a combustion boiler and a heat exchanger according to the present invention;

Since the present invention can make various changes and have various embodiments, specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

It is understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in the middle. It should be.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs.

Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related art, and unless explicitly defined in this application, it should not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal meaning. don't

Hereinafter, the technical idea of the present invention will be described in more detail using the accompanying drawings.

Since the accompanying drawings are only examples shown to explain the technical idea of the present invention in more detail, the technical idea of the present invention is not limited to the form of the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram showing an incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention, mimicking the configuration of the incineration system of the present invention and referring to FIG. 1, the incineration system 1000 of the present invention includes a small incinerator 100, It may include a heat exchanger 200, a water supply device 300, a post-processing device 400, and an exhaust chimney 500.

The small incinerator 100 is a device for supplying vapor or heated hot water evaporated by heat exchange with combustion heat generated by the combustion of injected combustible waste or solid fuel to a consumer such as an external steam generator or turbine, and an insulated external body A pipe supplying air to the combustion chamber, a pressure blower (S), an ignition burner (B), a water level sensor 600, a safety valve, a steam discharge valve, and the number of elements for reducing nitrogen oxides among incompletely burned exhaust gas It may be configured to include a urea water supply device (Y) for supplying.

The heat exchanger 200 is for cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 100 before it is supplied to the post-processing device 400. In order to completely burn the fuel in the incinerator 100, the maximum heated up to 800 °C. If the generated exhaust gas is directly supplied to the filter, the filter (or bag filter) having heat resistance of about 150 to 170° C. may be damaged. In order to prevent this, the incineration system of the present invention is configured to cool the exhaust gas exhausted from the incinerator 100 in the heat exchanger 200 to lower the temperature so as not to damage the bag filter and exhaust it. Typically, at this time, the heat exchanger 200 is configured to cool the exhaust gas through an indirect cooling method through heat exchange with cooling water introduced through a pipe wall provided therein. At this time, the heat exchanger 200 of the present invention is configured to receive cooling water through a water supply device 300 including a water supply pump 310, a water tank 320, and a water softener 330, and the incineration system of the present invention Cooling water supplied from one water supply device may be configured to be supplied to both the heat exchanger 200 and the incinerator 100. The incinerator 100 and the heat exchanger 200 are configured so that the water filled therein can be mutually circulated, and the water level filled in the incinerator 100 and the water level filled in the heat exchanger 200 are combined into one It is preferable to be configured to adjust in the water supply device 300.

The post-processing device 400 is installed at the rear end of the cyclone 410 and the cyclone for collecting dust included in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 100 to filter harmful compounds or environmental pollutants in the exhaust gas. It may be configured to include a bag filter unit 420 and an induced blower P for forcing the flow inside the bag filter unit 420 to flow to the exhaust chimney 500. At this time, the cyclone 410 may be provided with a filter for filtering harmful compounds or environmental pollutants included in the exhaust gas.

The cyclone 410 for collecting dust included in the exhaust gas of the present invention is installed at the rear end of the heat exchanger 200 to collect coarse dust included in the exhaust gas using centrifugal force.

Although not shown in the drawing, the cyclone 410 includes an inlet duct into which exhaust gas flows, and a cyclone body that rotates the exhaust gas introduced from the inlet duct in a cyclone manner to drop dust and move the exhaust gas upward; It is provided on the upper side of the cyclone body and includes a plurality of filters for trapping fine dust, and includes an outlet through which exhaust gas passing through the plurality of filters is discharged. A dust collection chamber may be further provided on the lower side of the fallen dust, and a valve for discharging the collected dust may be provided. In addition, a plurality of distribution passages for spraying high-pressure air to remove fine dust on the surface of the filter may be provided inside the upper portion of the filter body.

In addition, a cooling water chamber or a pipe wall for cooling the exhaust gas flowing into the cyclone 410 may be further provided on the outer circumferential surface of the cyclone 410 . The bag filter is further damaged by the exhaust gas flowing into the bag filter 420 as the exhaust gas cooled by heat exchange in the heat exchanger 200 is cooled once again by the cooling water chamber or pipe wall provided on the outer circumferential surface of the cyclone. can be prevented.

Therefore, the cyclone 410 of the present invention is configured to perform a role of cooling the exhaust gas while collecting dust included in the exhaust gas.

The bag filter 420 of the present invention is connected to and installed at the rear end of the cyclone 410, and prevents acid gases such as hydrogen chloride (HCl), sulfur oxides (SO 2 ), and hydrogen fluoride (HF) contained in the exhaust gas, Pb, It collects various harmful pollutants such as heavy metals such as Hg and Cd, nitrogen oxides (NOx), dioxins, and furans so that the harmful substances contained in the exhaust gas are removed within the emission limit and then released into the atmosphere.

2 and 3 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a primary combustion chamber according to a temporary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the rotary airflow generator. 2 to 5, the small incinerator 100 includes a primary combustion chamber 110, a secondary combustion chamber 120, a boiler 130, a fireproof member 140, a rotary airflow generator 150 and insulation It may be configured to include the member 160.

The primary combustion chamber 110 is incinerated and combusted, and a rotary airflow generator 150 is installed therein. At this time, the rotary airflow generator 150 is a straight pipe 151 receiving air from the outside. It may be configured to include a curved pipe 152 formed at one end of the straight pipe 151 and an air supply unit for supplying air into the primary combustion chamber 110 through the curved pipe 152, and the rotation Rotating airflow is generated in the primary combustion chamber 110 by the air supplied by the airflow generator 150 . At this time, the rotary airflow generator 150 is shown in a shape vertically upright at the lower part of the primary combustion chamber 110, but this shows an embodiment of the present invention and is not limited to only the shown shape, but the present invention Depending on the shape of the incinerator 100 or the position of the inlet through which the incineration materials are introduced, various modifications may be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the primary combustion chamber 110 of the incinerator 100 of the present invention is composed of a vertical cylindrical incinerator, and the secondary combustion chamber 120 is located on top of the primary combustion chamber 110. In this case, the boiler 130 is provided to cover the outside of at least one of the primary combustion chamber 110 and the secondary combustion chamber 120 so as to completely burn the incineration gas that is incompletely combusted through communication. Inflowed water is stored, and a plurality of evaporation pipes 132 are arranged vertically along the outer circumferential surface of the primary combustion chamber 110, and a circulating water tank provided below the evaporation pipes 132 and into which water flows from the outside. 131 and the upper part of the evaporation pipe 132, it is provided to cover the outside of the secondary combustion chamber 120, and at least one of vapor evaporated by receiving the combustion heat of the object to be incinerated or heated water It may be configured to include a steam tank 133 for discharging. Here, the above-described vertical direction means the vertical direction of the drawing, that is, the longitudinal direction of the evaporation pipe in the drawing, more precisely, the lower end of the evaporation pipe 132 communicates with the circulating water tank 131 and the upper end This is to communicate with the steam tank 133 to flow water and steam, and the shape of the evaporation pipe 132 is not limited to only one shape shown in the drawing, and the present invention such as a curved surface or a manifold shape It will be possible to transform into various shapes without departing from the gist of. However, as the evaporation pipe 132 of the present invention is provided to support the load and thermal expansion load of the fireproof member 140, it will be preferable to be provided in a straight line in the vertical direction.

In addition, the circulating water tank 131 is provided in the lower part of the primary combustion chamber 110 and is composed of a ring-shaped cylindrical tube having an inner diameter in a radial direction greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the circulating water tank 110, , The lower end of the evaporation pipe 132 may communicate with the air inlet 156 provided below the circulating water tank 110 to receive air from the outside. At this time, the straight pipe 151 of the rotary airflow generator 150 may be vertically installed at the center of the circulating water tank 110. In this case, the curved pipe 152 is installed at the upper end of the straight pipe 151 so as to be perpendicular to the straight pipe 151 in a horizontal direction with the bottom surface of the primary combustion chamber 110, and the straight pipe 151 On the outer circumferential surface of the straight pipe 151, a plurality of through holes 155 are spaced apart at regular intervals in the longitudinal direction of the pipe 151, and air is discharged through the through holes 155, so that the air supply is made more smoothly. can In addition, through holes 155 are formed at equal intervals on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting pipe 153 of the curved pipe 152, and the bent pipe formed at both ends of the connecting pipe 153 based on the straight pipe 151 ( 154), the through hole 155 is formed, and the through hole 155 formed only on one side and the other side of the connection pipe 143 based on the straight pipe 151 is preferably formed so as to be symmetrical in opposite directions to each other. do. Air is supplied into the primary combustion chamber 110 by the through hole 155 formed along the longitudinal direction of the straight pipe 151 and the curved pipe 152 according to the above configuration, so that more air is supplied to ensure smooth combustion, and the air supplied through the bent pipe 154 turns along the inner circumferential surface of the primary combustion chamber 110 to form airflow downward to increase combustion efficiency. It has an effect that can be achieved.

The secondary combustion chamber 120 is provided above the primary combustion chamber 110, and the primary combustion chamber 110 and the secondary combustion chamber 120 are configured to communicate with each other and are formed integrally. However, the secondary combustion chamber 120 and the primary combustion chamber 110 form separate internal chambers that are isolated from each other, but a part of them communicates with each other so that the exhaust gas burned in the primary combustion chamber 110 flows into the secondary combustion chamber 120. It may be configured as an exhaust structure. Here, the shape and coupling method of the primary combustion chamber 110 and the secondary combustion chamber 120 may be variously modified and implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention.

In addition, the boiler 130 may further include an inlet 135 receiving water from the heat exchanger 200 and an outlet 134 discharging water stored in the heat exchanger 200 . At this time, the heat exchanger 200 re-supplies the cooling water heated through heat exchange to the circulating water tank 131 of the boiler 130 to raise the initial temperature of the water supplied during the continuous operation of the incinerator 100 to increase the temperature of the boiler 130. ) There is an effect of increasing the thermal efficiency of the incinerator 100 by compensating for the necessary heat or latent heat required for the water stored in the boil to boil more quickly.

At this time, the incinerator 100 further includes a fire resistant member 140 provided between the primary combustion chamber 110 and the evaporation pipe 132, and the fire resistant member 140 is in the primary combustion chamber 110. Heat is evenly distributed and transferred so that the combustion heat of the plurality of evaporation pipes 132 is not intensively transferred to any one point, and the evaporation pipe 132 is prevented from being damaged by a high-temperature flame. At this time, the primary combustion chamber 110 is preferably formed such that the fireproof member 140 forms an inner wall, and at this time, the evaporation pipe 132 is provided so that at least a part of the outer surface is in contact with the fireproof member 140, It is configured to support the load or thermal expansion load of the fireproof member 140 . As shown, the refractory member 140 is interposed between the outer body of the incinerator 100 to the outside of the evaporation pipe 132, so that the plurality of evaporation pipes 132 are in contact with the refractory member 140. It is configured to, and the plurality of evaporation pipes 132 are preferably fixed so as to be in contact with the fire resistant member 140 through a fixing means such as a separate jig or anchor when the fire resistant member 140 is placed. Depending on the shape or arrangement of the evaporation pipe 132, it may be configured to accommodate at least a portion therein.

The evaporation pipe 132 is filled with water supplied therein and receives combustion heat to heat the water filled therein, and a plurality of evaporators are provided along the outer circumferential surface of the primary combustion chamber 110 or the fireproof member 140. It is made of a pipe, and the evaporation pipe 132 may be arranged to form a zigzag or spaced interval in consideration of thermal expansion of the pipe. At this time, the diameter, number and arrangement of the plurality of evaporation pipes 132 may be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.

The steam water tank 133 is configured to surround the outer circumferential surface of the secondary combustion chamber 120 and is formed to communicate with the upper ends of the plurality of evaporation pipes 132, so that the water supplied to the circulating water tank 131 It is stored up to the inside of the steam tank 133 through a plurality of evaporation pipes 132. At this time, the steam water tank 133 includes a water level sensor 600 capable of measuring the level of water filled inside the boiler 130, a safety valve for discharging internal steam to the outside when the internal vapor pressure exceeds a critical pressure, and an internal It may include a steam discharge valve for discharging charged steam and a hot water discharge valve for discharging heated hot water, that is, the steam tank 133 stores hot water heated by combustion heat and evaporated steam mixed and stored. At this time, the water level sensor 600 is provided with any one or more of various measuring devices such as a differential pressure sensor, a capacitive water level sensor, a water level sensor using a floating object, or an ultrasonic sensor to measure the water level inside the boiler 130. It can be variously modified to do so. At this time, it is preferable that the water level of the water filled in the boiler 130 is controlled to adjust the amount of water supplied by the water supply device 300 by receiving the water level signal measured by the water level sensor 600, where the water supply device ( 300) is configured to supply water to the circulating water tank 131 of the incinerator 100 through the heat exchanger 200. At this time, the water circulation structure of the heat exchanger 200 and the boiler 130 is a structure in which the boiler 130 and the water tanks 220 and 240 (see FIG. 6) of the heat exchanger 200 communicate with each other and circulate. Accordingly, it is preferable that the heat exchanger 200 is formed so that water can be completely filled in the water tank in which heat exchange is performed. More preferably, the boiler 130 is provided in the steam water tank 133 The inlet 135 for receiving water from the upper water tank 220 of the heat exchanger 200 and the circulating water tank 131 of the boiler 130 are provided to the lower water tank 240 of the heat exchanger 200. It is preferable that the water in the cooling water tank of the boiler and the heat exchanger is circulated with each other by further including an outlet 134 for discharging water.

6 and 7 are longitudinal cross-sectional views of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram for explaining cooling water circulation of a combustion boiler and a heat exchanger according to the present invention, see FIGS. 6 to 8 If, the heat exchanger 200 has a body 210 including an intake port 211 through which hot exhaust gas flows and an exhaust port 212 through which cooled exhaust gas is discharged, and a lower part inside the body 210. A lower water tank 240 provided and configured to be filled with water introduced from the outside, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 230 communicating with the lower water tank 240 and arranged in a vertical direction, and provided above the inside of the body 210, It is formed to be in communication with the upper end of the heat exchange tube 230, and the water introduced into the lower water tank 240 is supplied through the heat exchange tube 230 along the upper water tank 220 and the outer surface of the upper water tank 220. It may be configured to include a partition wall 250 formed to seal at least a portion of the inside of the body in the vertical direction so that the introduced exhaust gas flows downward of the thermal bridge water tank 220.

At this time, the introduced high-temperature exhaust gas circulates along the outside of the upper water tank 220, the heat exchange tube 230, and the lower water tank 240, and the upper water tank 220, the heat exchange tube 230, and the lower water tank ( 240) Cooled by the cooling water filled inside. Here, in the gas circulation path 213 formed by the partition wall 250, the exhaust gas introduced through the intake port 211 turns downward along the outer surface of the upper water tank 220, and the heat exchange tube 230 And it can form a cooling path while staying around the lower water tank 240. In addition, the gas circulation path 213 formed by the above-described configuration is formed so that the high-temperature exhaust gas is mainly cooled around the upper water tank 220, and at this time, the cooling water introduced into the lower water tank 240 and the boiler ( The water discharged from 130) is mixed to form a pre-cooling structure to a temperature for cooling the high-temperature exhaust gas. At this time, the bulkhead 250 partially seals the side surface of the upper water tank 220 so that the high-temperature exhaust gas flowing in and moving along the circumference of the upper water tank 220 collides with the partition wall 250 and flows downward. By inducing, the high-temperature exhaust gas increases the residence time around the upper tank 220 and further heat exchange in at least one of the heat exchange tube 230 and the lower tank 240, The length at which the partition wall 250 is formed will be able to be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention, and as another example according to the length of the partition wall 250, the introduced high-temperature exhaust gas is the upper water tank ( 220), the heat exchange tube 230, and the lower water tank 240 circulate along the outside, and are cooled by the cooling water filled inside the upper water tank 220, the heat exchange tube 230, and the lower water tank 240. Here, the gas circulation path 213 formed by the partition wall 250 turns the exhaust gas introduced through the intake port 211 downward along the outer surface of the upper water tank 220, thereby extending the length of the heat exchange tube 230. After moving in a horizontal direction along the outer surface of the lower water tank 240, it moves upward along the heat exchange tube 230 in a direction opposite to the inflow direction divided based on the partition wall 250. Thus, a path discharged to the outside through the exhaust port 212 may be formed. At this time, the heat exchange tube 230 is preferably disposed in a vertical direction (vertical) to minimize the accumulation of impurities in the exhaust gas or the generation of mixed flow, and the flow length of the gas circulation path is increased through the partition wall 250 to exchange heat. The group 200 is configured to have high thermal efficiency. At this time, the exhaust gas flowing through the gas circulation path 213 inside the body 210 of the heat exchanger 200 of the present invention exchanges heat with the outer surfaces of the upper water tank 220, the heat exchange tube 230, and the lower water tank 230. At the same time as being cooled through, there is an effect of increasing cooling efficiency by being additionally cooled through natural convection with the outside air of the heat exchanger 200. In addition, at least one cleaning valve communicating with the outside may be formed in the body 210 of the heat exchanger to clean contaminants such as dust and ash that have settled therein.

In addition, the lower water tank 240 of the heat exchanger 200 has a cooling water inlet 241 through which water discharged from the discharge water port 134 flows into the circulation water tank 131 of the boiler 130 and the heat exchanger. The boiler 130 and the heat exchanger 200 further include a cooling water outlet 221 provided in the upper water tank 220 of the 200 to absorb thermal energy of the exhaust gas and discharge heated cooling water to the boiler 100. ) It is preferable that the water filled in is circulated with each other, and more preferably, the water and steam heated in the heat exchanger 200 are supplied to the steam water tank 133 of the boiler 130, and the boiler 130 ) The water discharged from the circulating water tank 131 is circulated to flow into the lower water tank 240 of the heat exchanger 200, and the heated high-temperature water and/or steam discharged from the heat exchanger 200 is It may be configured to be directly supplied to the steam water tank 133 of the boiler 130. More specifically, the cooling water introduced from the water supply device 300 is stored in the upper water tank 220, the heat exchange tube 230, and the lower water tank 240, and the upper water tank 220 and the heat exchange tube 230 And through the outer surface of the lower water tank 240, the heat energy of the exhaust gas is absorbed and heated. Here, the cooling water introduced from the water supply device 300 may be introduced through the cooling water inlet 241 of the heat exchanger 200 or may be introduced by forming a separate inlet. (L1) At this time, the water supply device The cooling water introduced in 300 is mixed with the water circulated from the boiler 130 to pre-cool the exhaust gas to a temperature capable of cooling it. (L3)

In addition, the cooling water flowing into the heat exchanger 200 is moved to the steam water tank 133 of the boiler 130 through the cooling water outlet 221, and through the inlet 135 of the steam water tank 133. It is introduced into the steam water tank 133 (L2), raises the water level inside the boiler 130, and at the same time is discharged through the outlet 134 formed in the circulating water tank 131, and the heat exchanger 200 The cooling water is introduced into the heat exchanger 200 again through the cooling water inlet 241 provided in the lower water tank 240. (L3) As described above, steam generated inside the water tank of the heat exchanger 200 Alternatively, it is preferable that the heated cooling water is formed so that the heated cooling water flows into the steam tank 133 of the boiler 130. When is supplied to the circulating water tank 131 at the bottom of the boiler 130, the introduced steam moves upward and is further heated and expanded, causing noise and vibration to damage the inside of the boiler 130 or deteriorate durability Furthermore, it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which the relatively cold steam introduced from the heat exchanger 200 moves upward and the evaporation efficiency of the water filled in the boiler 130 is lowered. At this time, the water supply device 300 adjusts the amount of water supplied according to the change in the water level inside the boiler 130 of the incinerator 100 and is controlled in real time to replenish the amount of evaporated water.

That is, the incineration system of the present invention, which has a circulation structure of cooling water (or water) as described above, simultaneously controls the water level of the incinerator 100 and the heat exchanger 200 through a single water supply device 300, so that the water supply device There is an advantage of reducing economic costs in the operation and maintenance of, and furthermore, by recovering waste heat cooled in the heat exchanger 200 and supplying it to the water supplied to the incinerator 100, in the incinerator 100 There is an effect of increasing thermal efficiency by reducing sensible heat required for evaporation of water.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the scope of application is diverse, and various modifications and implementations are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims.

1000: small incineration system
100: incinerator 110: primary combustion chamber
120: secondary combustion chamber 121: burner inlet
130: boiler 131: circulating water tank
132: evaporation pipe 133: steam tank
134: inlet water port 135: discharge water port
140: fireproof member 150: rotary airflow generator
151: straight pipe 152: curved pipe
153: connector 154: bent pipe
155: through hole 156: air cooling water inlet
160: insulation member
200: heat exchanger 210: body
211: intake port 212: exhaust port
213: gas circulation path 220: upper water tank
221: cooling water outlet 230: heat exchange tube
240: lower water tank 241: cooling water inlet
250: bulkhead
300: water supply device 400: post-processing device
410: cyclone dust collector 420: bag filter
500: exhaust chimney 600: water level sensor

Claims (13)

An incinerator in which to-be-incinerated materials are input and burned;
a heat exchanger cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator; and
In a small incineration system including a boiler formed to be integrated with the incinerator,
The incinerator,
A primary combustion chamber in which to-be-incinerated materials are injected and burned; and
A secondary combustion chamber communicated with the upper part of the primary combustion chamber and configured to completely burn the incompletely burned incineration gas;
The boiler,
a circulation water tank provided below the primary combustion chamber;
a steam tank provided to cover an upper outer circumferential surface of the secondary combustion chamber; and
an evaporation pipe connected to the circulating water tank and the steam tank, and having a plurality of evaporation pipes disposed in a vertical direction along an outer circumferential surface of the primary combustion chamber;
an inlet through which water is supplied from the heat exchanger; and
Including; a discharge outlet for discharging water from the circulating water tank to the heat exchanger,
The heat exchanger,
A body including an intake port through which hot exhaust gas flows and an exhaust port through which cooled exhaust gas is discharged;
a lower water tank provided below the inside of the body and configured to be filled with water introduced from the outside;
a plurality of heat exchange tubes communicating with the lower water tank and disposed vertically; and
an upper water tank provided at an upper portion of the inside of the body and formed to communicate with an upper end of the heat exchange tube, and supplying water introduced into the lower water tank through the heat exchange tube;
a cooling water inlet provided in the lower water tank and into which water discharged from the outlet of the boiler flows;
a cooling water outlet provided in the upper water tank to discharge water to the inlet of the boiler; and
A gas circulation path in which the high-temperature exhaust gas introduced into the body is heat-exchanged through the upper water tank, the heat exchange tube, and the outer surface of the lower water tank to be cooled, and
It is configured so that the water filled in the boiler and the heat exchanger is circulated with each other, the water and steam heated in the heat exchanger are supplied to the inlet of the boiler, and the water discharged from the outlet of the boiler flows into the lower water tank of the heat exchanger. A small incineration system, characterized in that being.
According to claim 1,
a rotary airflow generator provided inside the primary combustion chamber to supply air so that the introduced air generates a rotary airflow inside the primary combustion chamber;
A small incineration system comprising a.
delete According to claim 1,
The incinerator,
a fireproof member provided to be in contact with at least a portion of an outer surface of the evaporation pipe to form the primary combustion chamber;
Including more,
The fireproof member is a small incineration system, characterized in that installed to be supported by the evaporation pipe.
According to claim 2,
The rotary airflow generator,
A straight pipe receiving air from the outside; and
It includes; a curved pipe formed at one end of the straight pipe,
Air is supplied to the inside through the lower end of the primary combustion chamber through the curved pipe,
A small incineration system, characterized in that a rotating air current is generated in the primary combustion chamber by the air supplied by the rotating air current generator.
delete According to claim 1,
The heat exchanger,
a barrier rib formed to seal at least a portion of the inside of the body in a vertical direction along an outer surface of the upper tank so that the introduced exhaust gas flows downward of the upper tank;
A small incineration system further comprising a.
According to claim 1,
A water level sensor for measuring the level of water filled in the steam tank of the incinerator; and
a water supply device supplying water to the heat exchanger from the outside;
Including more,
The water supply device is a small incineration system, characterized in that for adjusting the water supply amount according to the water level filled in the steam tank of the incinerator.
delete According to claim 1,
The inlet water port is connected to the steam water tank, and the outlet water port is connected to the circulating water tank.
The water and steam heated in the heat exchanger are supplied to the steam tank of the boiler, and the water discharged from the circulating water tank of the boiler is introduced into the lower tank of the heat exchanger and circulated.
According to claim 1,
The small incineration system further includes a post-processing device for filtering environmental pollutants contained in exhaust gas cooled in the heat exchanger and discharging them into the atmosphere.
The post-processing device,
A cyclone for collecting dust included in the exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator;
A bag filter unit installed at the rear end of the cyclone to filter harmful compounds or environmental pollutants in the exhaust gas;
A small incineration system comprising a manned blower for forcing the flow inside the bag filter unit to induce the exhaust gas to flow into the exhaust chimney.
According to claim 11,
The cyclone,
an inlet duct through which exhaust gas flows;
a cyclone body which rotates the exhaust gas introduced from the inlet duct in a cyclone manner to drop dust and move the exhaust gas upward;
a plurality of filters provided on the upper side of the cyclone body and filtering fine dust;
an outlet for discharging exhaust gas that has passed through the plurality of filters; and
A small incineration system comprising a distribution channel for spraying high-pressure air to remove the fine dust on the surface of the plurality of filters.
According to claim 12,
On the outer circumference of the cyclone,
A small incineration system characterized in that a cooling water chamber or a cooling water pipe wall for cooling the exhaust gas is further provided.

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