KR102526632B1 - 스테로이드 FXR 조절인자를 제조하기 위한 중간체로서의 5β-6-알킬-7-하이드록시-3-온 스테로이드 - Google Patents
스테로이드 FXR 조절인자를 제조하기 위한 중간체로서의 5β-6-알킬-7-하이드록시-3-온 스테로이드 Download PDFInfo
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- KR102526632B1 KR102526632B1 KR1020177016856A KR20177016856A KR102526632B1 KR 102526632 B1 KR102526632 B1 KR 102526632B1 KR 1020177016856 A KR1020177016856 A KR 1020177016856A KR 20177016856 A KR20177016856 A KR 20177016856A KR 102526632 B1 KR102526632 B1 KR 102526632B1
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- Prior art keywords
- formula
- compound
- alkyl
- halo
- optionally substituted
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Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 title description 6
- 230000003637 steroidlike Effects 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 59
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 52
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 benzyl ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000171 (C1-C6) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006649 (C2-C20) alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxycyclopentane Chemical compound COC1CCCC1 SKTCDJAMAYNROS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006345 epimerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004419 alkynylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009903 catalytic hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NKLCNNUWBJBICK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dess–martin periodinane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2I(OC(=O)C)(OC(C)=O)(OC(C)=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 NKLCNNUWBJBICK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006809 Jones oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Raney nickel Chemical compound [Al].[Ni] NPXOKRUENSOPAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940117975 chromium trioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+6] GAMDZJFZMJECOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxide Chemical compound CC[O-] HHFAWKCIHAUFRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OJAGAAVUZKMVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate;pyridine Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O.C1=CC=NC=C1 OJAGAAVUZKMVGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cyclopentane Natural products CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 12
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium ethoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC[O-] RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000003613 bile acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 104
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 70
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 60
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 54
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- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 34
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 33
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- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004809 thin layer chromatography Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- ZXERDUOLZKYMJM-ZWECCWDJSA-N obeticholic acid Chemical compound C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]1[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)CCC(O)=O)CC[C@H]21 ZXERDUOLZKYMJM-ZWECCWDJSA-N 0.000 description 13
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229960001601 obeticholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 12
- ZRSNZINYAWTAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 ZRSNZINYAWTAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N deoxycholic acid Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 10
- OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (22E)-(24xi)-24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3beta-ol Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)C=CC(C)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 OILXMJHPFNGGTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 9
- OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-Dehydrostigmasterol Natural products C1C(O)CCC2(C)C(CCC3(C(C(C)C=CC(CC)C(C)C)CCC33)C)C3=CC=C21 OQMZNAMGEHIHNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- FRIJBUGBVQZNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;ethane;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C FRIJBUGBVQZNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N (2s,4r)-4-[(3r,5s,6r,7r,8s,9s,10s,13r,14s,17r)-6-ethyl-3,7-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methylpentanoic acid Chemical class C([C@@]12C)C[C@@H](O)C[C@H]1[C@@H](CC)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)C[C@H](C)C(O)=O)CC[C@H]21 HSINOMROUCMIEA-FGVHQWLLSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-Sitostanol Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)CCC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 LGJMUZUPVCAVPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 235000002378 plant sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3alpha,5alpha,7alpha,12alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3beta,5beta,7alpha)-3,7-Dihydroxycholan-24-oic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)CC2 RUDATBOHQWOJDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 206010008635 Cholestasis Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000004380 Cholic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- HZYXFRGVBOPPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N UNPD88870 Natural products C1C=C2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(C)=CCC(CC)C(C)C)C1(C)CC2 HZYXFRGVBOPPNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N cholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1C[C@H]2O)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-OELDTZBJSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229960002471 cholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000019416 cholic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N deoxycholic acid Chemical compound C([C@H]1CC2)[C@H](O)CC[C@]1(C)[C@@H]1[C@@H]2[C@@H]2CC[C@H]([C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C1 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-LLQZFEROSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229960003964 deoxycholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N stigmasterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)/C=C/[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HCXVJBMSMIARIN-PHZDYDNGSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000016831 stigmasterol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229940032091 stigmasterol Drugs 0.000 description 5
- BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N stigmasterol Natural products CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCCC2C3CC=C4CC(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC12C)C(C)C BFDNMXAIBMJLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 5
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000006374 C2-C10 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu+ Chemical class [Cu+] VMQMZMRVKUZKQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102100025353 G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 101000857733 Homo sapiens G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 Proteins 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- WCTKUENARPWTAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ac1l9mss Chemical compound OS(Cl)=O WCTKUENARPWTAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 4
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 4
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 4
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 4
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000006772 olefination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipicolinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=N1 WJJMNDUMQPNECX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003392 indanyl group Chemical group C1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
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- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Chemical group C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012678 infectious agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QBZXOWQOWPHHRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;ethane Chemical compound [Li+].[CH2-]C QBZXOWQOWPHHRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O QWDJLDTYWNBUKE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WWOYCMCZTZTIGU-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-carboxybenzenecarboperoxoate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O.OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O WWOYCMCZTZTIGU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960003194 meglumine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- COTNUBDHGSIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meoh methanol Chemical compound OC.OC COTNUBDHGSIOTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000008338 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010053219 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002847 prasterone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N sitosterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CC[C@@H](CC)C(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 KZJWDPNRJALLNS-VJSFXXLFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005143 sitosterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sitosterol Natural products CC=C(/CCC(C)C1CC2C3=CCC4C(C)C(O)CCC4(C)C3CCC2(C)C1)C(C)C NLQLSVXGSXCXFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 1
- BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanoborohydride Chemical compound [Na+].[B-]C#N BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000003429 steroid acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran thf Chemical compound C1CCOC1.C1CCOC1 WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001712 tetrahydronaphthyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005147 toluenesulfonyl group Chemical group C=1(C(=CC=CC1)S(=O)(=O)*)C 0.000 description 1
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J9/00—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane
- C07J9/005—Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen or oxygen substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane containing a carboxylic function directly attached or attached by a chain containing only carbon atoms to the cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07J—STEROIDS
- C07J71/00—Steroids in which the cyclopenta(a)hydrophenanthrene skeleton is condensed with a heterocyclic ring
- C07J71/0005—Oxygen-containing hetero ring
- C07J71/001—Oxiranes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
AcOH | 아세트산 |
CPME | 사이클로펜틸 메틸 에테르 |
DMF | N,N-디메틸포름아마이드 |
EtOAc | 에틸 아세테이트 |
EtOH | 에탄올 |
IPA | 이소프로필 알코올 |
MeOH | 메탄올 |
NEt3 | 트리에틸아민 |
nBuOAc | n-부틸 아세테이트 |
TBME | t-부틸 메틸 에테르 |
THF | 테트라하이드로퓨란 |
TLC | 박층 크로마토그래피 |
용매 | 5H β:α 비율 | |
A | MeOH | 4 : 1 |
B | MeOH:H2O | 2 : 1 |
C | MeOH:NEt3 | 7 : 1 |
D | EtOH | 3 : 1 |
E | IPA | 2 : 1 |
F | EtOAc | 2 : 1 |
G | 피리딘 | 2 : 1 |
H | AcOH | 1 : 1 |
I | CPME | 1 : 1 |
J | DMF | 9 : 1 |
Claims (21)
- 화학식 (I)의 화합물 또는 이의 염 또는 이의 동위원소 변이체:
(I)
상기 식에서,
R1은 할로, OR6 또는 NR6R7 중에서 선택된 하나 이상의 치환기로 임의로 치환된 C1-4 알킬이고;
여기서 R6 및 R7은 각각 독립적으로 H 또는 C1-4 알킬 중에서 선택되고;
R2는 H, 할로, OH 또는 보호된 OH이고;
Y1는 결합, 또는 1 내지 20개의 탄소 원자를 가지고 하나 이상의 R3기로 임의로 치환된 알킬렌 연결기이고;
R3은 각각 독립적으로 할로, OR8 또는 NR8R9이고;
여기서 R8 및 R9는 각각 독립적으로 H 또는 C1-4 알킬 중에서 선택되고;
R4는 C(O)OR10, OC(O)R10, C(O)NR10R11, OR10, OSi(R13)3, S(O)R10, SO2R10, OSO2R10, SO3R10 또는 OSO3R10이고;
여기서 R10 및 R11는 각각 독립적으로
a. 수소 또는
b. C1-20 알킬, C2-20 알케닐, C2-20 알키닐, -O-C1-20 알킬, -O-C2-20 알케닐 또는 -O-C2-20 알키닐로서,
할로, NO2, CN, OR19, SR19, SO2R19, SO3R19 또는 N(R19)2; 또는
C1-6 알킬, C1-6 할로알킬, 할로, NO2, CN, OR19, SR19, SO2R19, SO3R19 또는 N(R19)2로 임의로 치환된, 6- 내지 14-원 아릴 또는 5- 내지 14-원 헤테로아릴기;
중에서 선택된 하나 이상의 치환기로 임의로 치환된, C1-20 알킬, C2-20 알케닐, C2-20 알키닐, -O-C1-20 알킬, -O-C2-20 알케닐 또는 -O-C2-20 알키닐; 또는
c. C1-6 알킬, C1-6 할로알킬, 할로, NO2, CN, OR19, SR19, SO2R19, SO3R19 또는 N(R19)2 중에서 선택된 하나 이상의 치환기로 임의로 치환된, 6- 내지 14-원 아릴 또는 5- 내지 14-원 헤테로아릴기; 또는
d. 폴리에틸렌 글리콜 잔기이고;
R10 및 R11에서의 R19는 각각 독립적으로 H; C1-6 알킬; C1-6 할로알킬; 또는 할로, C1-6 알킬 또는 C1-6 할로알킬로 임의로 치환된, 6- 내지 14-원 아릴 또는 5- 내지 14-원 헤테로아릴기 중에서 선택되고;
R13은 각각 독립적으로
a. C1-20 알킬, C2-20 알케닐 또는 C2-20 알키닐로서,
할로, NO2, CN, OR19, SR19, SO2R19, SO3R19 또는 N(R19)2; 또는
C1-6 알킬, C1-6 할로알킬, 할로, NO2, CN, OR19, SO2R19, SO3R19 또는 N(R19)2로 임의로 치환된, 6- 내지 14-원 아릴 또는 5- 내지 14-원 헤테로아릴기;
중에서 선택된 하나 이상의 치환기로 임의로 치환된, C1-20 알킬, C2-20 알케닐 또는 C2-20 알키닐; 또는
b. C1-6 알킬, C1-6 할로알킬, 할로, NO2, CN, OR19, SR19, SO2R19, SO3R19 또는 N(R19)2 중에서 선택된 하나 이상의 치환기로 임의로 치환된, 6- 내지 14-원 아릴 또는 5- 내지 14-원 헤테로아릴기이고;
R13에서의 R19는 각각 독립적으로 H, C1-6 알킬 또는 C1-6 할로알킬 중에서 선택되고;
R5는 H 또는 OH 또는 보호된 OH이다. - 제1항에 있어서, 독립적으로 또는 임의 조합으로,
Y1는 1 내지 8개의 탄소 원자를 가지고 하나 이상의 R3기로 임의로 치환된 알킬렌 연결기이고, 여기서 R3은 제1항에서 정의한 바와 같고, R5는 H 또는 OH인 화합물. - 제1항에 있어서, 독립적으로 또는 임의 조합으로,
R1은 에틸; 및/또는
R2은 H; 및/또는
Y1는 결합, -CH2-, 또는 -CH2CH2- 및/또는
R4는 C(O)OR10, 여기서 R10은 H, C1-6 알킬 또는 벤질; 및/또는
R5은 H인 화합물. - 제1항에 있어서,
(6β,5β,7α)-6-에틸-7-하이드록시-3-옥소-콜란-24-산 또는 이의 C1-6 알킬 에스테르 또는 이의 벤질 에스테르 또는 이의 염 또는 이의 메틸 에스테르 또는 이의 에틸 에스테르인 화합물. - 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 화학식 (I)의 화합물의 제조 방법으로서, 하기의 단계를 포함하는 제조방법:
A. 화학식 (II)의 화합물을 환원시키는 단계로서,
(II)
상기 식에서, R1, R2, R4 및 R5는 화학식 (I)에서 정의한 바와 같으며,
Y는 결합, 또는 1 내지 20개의 탄소 원자를 가지고 하나 이상의 R3기로 임의로 치환된 알킬렌, 알케닐렌 또는 알키닐렌 연결기이고, R3은 제1항에서 정의된 바와 같은, 단계; 또는
B. 단계 A에 의해 수득된, R4가 C(O)OR10인 화학식 (I)의 화합물을, R4가 C(O)NR10R11, S(O)R10, SO2R10, OSO2R10, SO3R10, 또는 OSO3R10인 화학식 (I)의 다른 화합물로 전환시키는 단계로서,
여기서 R10 및 R11는 제1항에서 정의된 바와 같은, 단계. - 제5항에 있어서, 단계 A에서의 환원이 촉매적 수소화에 의해 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 촉매적 수소화가 팔라듐/탄소, 팔라듐/탄산칼슘, 팔라듐/산화알루미늄, 백금/팔라듐 또는 라니 니켈 촉매 중에서 선택된 촉매를 사용하여 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 촉매가 팔라듐/탄소 또는 팔라듐/탄산칼슘 촉매인 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서, 촉매에서 팔라듐이 매트릭스 중량에 대하여 5 내지 10 중량%의 양으로 존재하고 상기 매트릭스는 탄소 또는 탄산칼슘인 방법.
- 제6항에 있어서, 수소화가 알코올성 용매, 메탄올, 에탄올 또는 이소프로판올; 에틸 아세테이트; 피리딘; 아세트산; 사이클로펜틸 메틸 에테르(CPME) 또는 N,N-디메틸포름아미드 (DMF) 중에서 선택된 용매에서 수행되고, 상기 용매는 아세톤 또는 물 및/또는 염기와 임의로 혼합될 수 있는 것인 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서, 용매가 메탄올, 에탄올 또는 DMF인 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 용매가 임의로 염기 또는 트리메틸아민을 화학식 (II)의 화합물의 양에 대하여 0.1 내지 0.5 당량으로 포함하는 메탄올인 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 단계 A에서의 환원이 -30 내지 25 ℃의 온도에서 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 용매가 아세톤, TBME, THF, 아세토니트릴 또는 아세톤/물과 임의로 혼합되고 임의로 염기 또는 트리메틸아민을 화학식 (II)의 화합물의 양에 대하여 0.1 내지 0.5 당량으로 포함하는 DMF인 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 단계 A에서의 환원이 -30 내지 0 ℃의 온도에서 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 하기 화학식 (XIX)의 화합물의 제조 방법으로서,
(XIX)
상기 식에서, Y1, R1 및 R4는 제1항의 화학식 (I)에서 정의한 바와 같고;
R2는 H, 할로 또는 OH이고;
R5a는 H 또는 OH이고;
하기의 단계를 포함하는 제조 방법:
(i) 제1항 내지 제4항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 화학식 (I)의 화합물을 산화제를 사용하여 산화시켜 화학식 (XX)의 화합물을 수득하는 단계로서,
(XX)
상기 식에서, Y1, R1, R2, R4 및 R5은 화학식 (I)에서 정의한 바와 같은 단계; 및
(ii) 화학식 (XX)의 화합물을 에피머화하여 화학식 (XXI)의 화합물을 수득하는 단계로서,
(XXI)
상기 식에서, Y1, R1 및 R4은 화학식 (I)에서 정의한 바와 같고;
R2는 H, 할로, OH 또는 염기성 조건 하에 안정한 보호된 OH기이고;
R5b는 H 또는 OH 또는 염기성 조건 하에 안정한 보호된 OH기인, 단계; 및
(iii) 화학식 (XXI)의 화합물을 환원제를 사용하여 환원시키고, R2 및/또는 R5b가 보호된 OH인 경우, 보호기를 제거하여 상기 정의된 바와 같은 화학식 (XIX)의 화합물을 수득하는 단계로, 상기 보호기의 제거는 환원 전 또는 후에 일어날 수 있는, 단계; 및 임의적으로
(iv) 화학식 (XIX)의 화합물을 화학식 (XIX)의 다른 화합물로 전환시키는 단계. - 제16항에 있어서, 단계 (i)에서, 산화 반응이 데스-마틴(Dess-Martin) 페리오디난 (1,1,1-트리아세톡시-1,1-디하이드로-1,2-벤지오독솔); 산성 조건 하 차아염소산염, 또는 차아염소산나트륨; 중크롬산나트륨 또는 묽은 황산 중 삼산화크롬을 사용하는 존스(Jones) 반응; 또는 TEMPO ((2,2,6,6-테트라메틸-피페리딘-1-일)옥시) 또는 이의 유도체를 사용하여 수행되는 것인 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, 단계 (ii)의 에피머화 반응에서, 화학식 (XX)의 화합물을 알코올성 용매에 용해시키고, 임의로 물과 혼합하고 염기, 수산화나트륨 또는 수산화칼륨 또는 나트륨 알콕사이드 또는 칼륨 알콕사이드, 또는 나트륨 에톡사이드 또는 칼륨 에톡사이드와 접촉시키는 것인 방법.
- 제18항에 있어서,
화학식 (XX)의 화합물에서, R4가 C(O)OR10이고, 염기가 수산화나트륨 또는 수산화칼륨이고, 에피머화가 가수분해를 수반하여 R4가 C(O)OH인 화학식 (XXI)의 화합물을 수득하거나;
화학식 (XX)의 화합물에서, R2 및/또는 R5는 OC(O)OR14기이고, 여기서 R14는 C1-6 알킬 또는 벤질이고; 상기 에피머화 단계는 R2 및/또는 R5b가 OH인 화학식 (XXI)의 화합물을 생성하거나;
화학식 (XX)의 화합물에서, R2 및/또는 R5는 염기성 조건 하에 안정한 보호된 OH이고, 상기 방법은 단계 (iii) 전 또는 후에 보호기를 제거하는 단계를 추가로 포함하는 것
인 방법. - 제16항에 있어서, 단계 (iii)에서, 환원제가 수소화물 또는 수소화붕소나트륨인 방법.
- 제16항에 있어서, R1이 에틸이고, R2 및 R5a가 모두 H이고, Y1이 -CH2CH2-이고, R4가 C(O)OH인 화학식 (XIX)의 화합물을 제조하기 위한 방법.
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