KR102523061B1 - Apparatus of Purifying Soil Contaminated with Waste Oil using pyrolysis furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a purification device for contaminated soil mixed with waste oil using a pyrolysis heating furnace. The purification device for contaminated soil comprises: a hopper; a first transfer device; a second transfer device; a pyrolysis heating furnace; a rotary kiln incinerator; a cooling water tank; an oil-water separation tank; an oil tank; a water tank; a gas tank; and a dust collector. According to the present invention, the inside of soil is uniformly heated, and accordingly, the volatility of contaminants is improved.

Description

Apparatus of Purifying Soil Contaminated with Waste Oil using pyrolysis furnace}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil in which waste oil is mixed using a pyrolysis heating furnace, and more particularly, by concentrating the contaminated soil with heavy oil such as crude oil, which is a contaminant, to make the contaminated soil pure before being contaminated, thereby reducing additional damage caused by contaminants. It relates to an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil mixed with waste oil using a pyrolysis furnace that does not cause environmental pollution.

Waste oil leaking from production oil fields has direct and indirect toxic effects on health as well as environmental toxicity on soil. In particular, contamination by crude oil of heavy oil or higher has a problem in that the contamination continues semi-permanently, even if time passes, unless it is purified through a separate process.

Contaminated soil contaminated by the spill of heavy oil or crude oil, as mentioned above, has a relatively long duration of contamination compared to oil types such as light oil, and is characterized by high concentration around the place where heavy oil or crude oil was spilled.

Kazakhstan, the largest oil producing country in Central Asia, has proven oil reserves of 30 billion barrels, the 12th largest in the world (BP, 2013), and 70% of them are located in the western part of Kazakhstan and the coastal and marine areas of the Caspian Sea.

Among them, the Kashagan oil field, the largest oil field, is the world's largest oil field discovered in the last 30 years. In Kazakhstan's oil fields, crude oil mixed with water is called waste oil, and a lot of waste oil is scattered in puddles. More than 100 million tons of waste oil thus discarded are piled up and tens of thousands of tons are discharged every day, so soil contamination is serious, and moreover, such waste oil is not regenerated and is simply burned away.

Due to the excessive heat generated at this time, the waste oil is covered with soil and the waste oil clumped together with the soil is burned. (See Figs. 3 and 4)

The table below shows the supply and demand of crude oil and gas in Kazakhstan for the past 10 years.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1092200 (registered on 2011.012.03) 'Title of Invention: Contaminated Soil Contaminant Separation and Purification Device'

Accordingly, the present invention is a mixture of waste oil using a pyrolysis heating furnace that increases soil purification efficiency by desorbing contaminants from contaminated soil where the soil environment is concentrated with heavy oil such as waste oil and crude oil, and does not cause additional environmental pollution by contaminants. In addition to providing a device for purifying contaminated soil, it is intended to provide a method and device for obtaining various beneficial oils contained in contaminated soil.

As an embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil mixed with waste oil using a pyrolysis furnace includes a hopper for storing contaminated soil mixed with waste oil; a first conveying device that is integrally installed with the hopper and receives the contaminated soil stored in the hopper through a first conduit; a second transfer device connected to the first transfer device by a second conduit; A pyrolysis heating furnace for heating the second transfer device outside the second transfer device by forming the second transfer device in the middle of the body; a rotary kiln incinerator connected to the second transfer device through a third pipe and incinerating the contaminated soil that generated the oil vapor; a cooling water tank connected to the second transfer device through a fourth conduit to cool oil vapor generated from the second transfer device; an oil-water separation tank connected to the cooling water tank through a fifth conduit to store the oil vapor cooled in the cooling water tank and to separate water, oil and gas; an oil tank connected to the oil-water separation tank through a sixth pipe line to store gas and oil generated in the oil-water separation tank; a water tank connected to the oil-water separation tank through a seventh conduit to store water generated in the oil-water separation tank; a gas scrubber connected to the oil tank through an eighth conduit to clean and store the gas separated from the oil in the oil tank; a compression pump for compressing the gas cleaned by the gas scrubber; a gas tank storing compressed gas from the compression pump; and a dust collector connected to the rotary kiln incinerator through an eleventh conduit to collect odors, dust, and harmful substances generated in the rotary kiln incinerator.

An air cylinder valve is opened at the lower end of the hopper by a sensor when the amount of contaminated soil mixed with waste oil in the hopper becomes an appropriate amount.

a first screw operated by a first motor of the first transfer device and finely pulverizing and transferring the contaminated soil descending from the hopper; A steam nozzle dispersing steam to wash the contaminated soil with steam supplied from the outside through a steam pipe; The first pipe is characterized in that it includes a first valve opened by a sensor when the amount of the contaminated soil transferred reaches an appropriate level.

The second conveying device includes a second screw operated by a second motor and further pulverizing and conveying the contaminated soil transferred from the first conveying device; A pyrolysis heating furnace heated by a gas burner to heat the contaminated soil; The inside of the pyrolysis heating furnace includes a plurality of fuel spray nozzles and spark plugs, and the first valve and the second valve are closed simultaneously when heated by the pyrolysis furnace.

The material of the second transfer device is aluminum or copper, and a SiC-based ceramic heating element is applied to a thickness of 2 to 3 mm on the outer surface of the second transfer device.

The rotary kiln incinerator includes a combustion burner for heating the contaminated soil transferred from the second transfer device; The combustion burner is characterized in that it is connected to the gas tank through seventh and eighth conduits.

The cooling water tank is characterized in that it includes a refrigerant coil through which a high-pressure refrigerant flows to cool the oil vapor heated and transported from the contaminated soil of the second transfer device to become water and oil.

The oil tank is characterized in that gas and oil are separated from the oil transferred from the oil-water separation tank.

The gas tank is transported from the oil tank and stores cleaned and compressed gas, and delivers the compressed gas to a gas burner and a combustion burner through the 7th and 8th ducts to create a pyrolysis heating furnace and a rotary kiln incinerator, respectively. characterized by heating.

In a device for preventing external leakage of gas from a rotary kiln incinerator between a casing and a shaft mounted therein, between the casing and the shaft, a plurality of labyrinths are formed on an inner circumferential surface of the shaft to prevent leakage of the gas. leveraging seal to block; and, gland packing; a fixing ring mounted on the shaft from the outside of the rotary kiln incinerator to fix the gland packing; The casing may include a fixing means for fixing the fixing ring.

In the case of soil with a lot of loess components, it is agglomerated when contaminated with waste oil and oil. A means for finely crushing the agglomerated soil is provided so that the agglomerated soil is pulverized and finely disturbed during the transportation process, so that the soil is evenly heated to the inside of the soil to remove the contaminants. Volatility is improved.

In addition, usable oil and gas are generated by the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling water tank, and the generated gas is reused and used as fuel for the heating burner and the gas burner to heat the pyrolysis furnace and the rotary kiln incinerator, and finally the rotary kiln. By incinerating the contaminated soil in an incinerator, it is possible to effectively purify the soil contaminated with waste oil.

1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil mixed with waste oil using a pyrolysis furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a distillation column according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a casing in a rotary pyrolysis furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a sedimentation tank according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a field photograph of waste oil scattered in a puddle in the background of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a field photograph of the state of just burning away waste oil in the background art of the present invention.

Hereinafter, various embodiments of this document will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the technology described in this document to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, and/or alternatives of the embodiments of this document. . In connection with the description of the drawings, like reference numerals may be used for like elements.

In addition, terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to the intention or custom of a user or operator. Therefore, definitions of these terms will have to be made based on the content throughout this specification.

Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only one of the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention, so at the time of this application, they can be replaced. It should be understood that there may be many equivalents and variations.

First, crude oil mixed with water is called waste oil in Kazakhstan's oil fields, and a lot of waste oil is scattered in puddles. More than 100 million tons of waste oil are piled up in this way, and tens of thousands of tons are discharged every day, polluting the soil. Even though it can be recycled, it is called waste oil mixed with water and is simply burned away (see FIGS. 5 and 6), and the present invention is intended to be practiced.

Oil (oil) to be described later may be a general term for combustible materials such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and heavy oil regardless of the state (liquid, gas, solid).

1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil mixed with waste oil using a pyrolysis heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a distillation column according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a casing in a rotary pyrolysis heating furnace according to an example, Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a sedimentation tank according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a field photograph of waste oil scattered in a puddle in the background of the present invention And, Figure 6 is a field photograph of the state of just burning away the waste oil in the background art of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil mixed with waste oil using a pyrolysis furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil mixed with waste oil using a pyrolysis furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a hopper 100 for storing contaminated soil mixed with waste oil; A first transfer device 200 that is integrally installed with the hopper 100 and receives and transfers the contaminated soil stored in the hopper 100 through the first pipe 102; A second transfer device 300 connected to the first transfer device 200 through a second conduit 202; A pyrolysis heating furnace 400 for heating from the outside of the second transfer device 300 by forming a second transfer device 300 in the middle of the body; A rotary kiln incinerator 500 connected to the second transfer device 300 through a third conduit 302 to incinerate contaminated soil generating oil vapor; A cooling water tank 600 connected to the second transfer device 300 through the fourth conduit 305 to cool the transferred oil vapor; An oil-water separation tank 700 connected to the cooling water tank 600 through a fifth conduit 602 and storing the transferred oil, gas, and water; An oil tank 800 connected to the oil-water separation tank 700 through a sixth pipe line 702 to store separated oil; a water tank 710 connected to the oil-water separation tank 700 through a seventh conduit 703 to store the transported water; A gas cleaner 810 connected to the oil tank 800 through the eighth conduit 802 to clean the transported gas; a compression pump 820 for compressing the cleaned gas; a gas tank 900 for storing compressed gas; A dust collector 510 that is connected to the rotary kiln incinerator 500 through the eleventh conduit 502 and collects odors, dust, and harmful substances generated in the rotary kiln incinerator 500.

First, the hopper 100 provides a container in which waste oil and contaminated soil excavated from land contaminated by oil are crushed to a size suitable for screw transfer, and then subjected to a sorting process to be stored therein.

The hopper 100 is integrally installed with the first transfer device 200. At this time, an air cylinder valve 101 may be mounted on the lower side of the hopper 100 in order to smoothly transfer and increase the density of the contaminated soil in the hopper 100, and a sensor is mounted on the air cylinder valve 101 to increase the When the proper amount of contaminated soil is always filled inside the container, the air cylinder valve 101 is opened by the sensor to lower the contaminated soil to the first transfer device 200 through the first pipe 102.

The first transfer device 200 is installed between the hopper 100 and the second transfer device 300 and rotates by the driving of the first motor 203 to the hopper 100 by the first transfer screw 204. It is installed to transfer the stored contaminated soil to the inside of the second transfer device 300.

The first conveying screw 204 installed inside the first conveying device 120 receiving the contaminated soil from the hopper 100 is rotated by the first motor 203 to crush the contaminated soil into small pieces so that the second conveying device 300 ), in the upper part of the first transfer device 200, a plurality of steam nozzles 226 spray the steam delivered by the pipe to moisten and soften the transported contaminated soil so that it is well broken. (Details of the pipe circuit omitted)

At this time, the steam may be sprayed by the steam nozzle 226 together with chemicals for chemical treatment according to the type of contaminated soil.

The properly crushed contaminated soil is transported to the second transfer device 300 through the second pipe 202 . A first valve 201 operated by a sensor is installed in the second conduit 202, and when the contaminated soil in the first transfer device 200 reaches an appropriate amount, the first valve 201 is opened by the sensor to remove the contaminated soil. 2 It is lowered by the transfer device 300, and when the contaminated soil is lowered, the first valve 201 is closed by the sensor.

The second conveying screw 304 installed in the second conveying device 300 receiving the contaminated soil from the first conveying device 200 rotates by the second motor 303 to further crush the contaminated soil into a rotary kiln incinerator ( 500), when the pyrolysis heating furnace 400 penetrating the second transfer device 300 heats the second transfer device 300 to 250 to 300 ° C, the contaminated soil in the second transfer device 300 is heated to generate steam containing waste oil and water.

At this time, the second valve 301 is also closed.

Here, aluminum or copper is used as the material of the second transfer device 300 through which the contaminated soil passes to lower the resistance and increase the conductivity, thereby transferring higher heat to the contaminated soil to increase the evaporation of oil contained in the contaminated soil.

In addition, by applying a SiC-based ceramic heating element to a thickness of 2 to 3 mm on the outer surface of the second transfer device 300, heat transfer and evaporation effects can be further enhanced.

In addition, a fuel spray nozzle 402 and a spark plug 403 may be provided inside the pyrolysis heating furnace 400 . A plurality of fuel spray nozzles 402 and spark plugs 403 are provided at predetermined intervals so that the inside of the pyrolysis heating furnace 400 can be uniformly heated, so that the heat transfer of the contaminated soil passing through the second transfer device 300 And the evaporation effect can be increased. (Detailed circuit of fuel spray nozzle and spark plug omitted)

The pyrolysis heating furnace 400 is heated by the gas burner 401 supplied with gas from the gas tank 900 through the ninth conduit 902.

As shown, a plurality of gas burners 401 may be provided, and in some cases, a single gas burner 401 having a large capacity may be installed.

Here, a distillation column 310 may be further included. In FIG. 2 , the distillation column 310 may be formed to have a long inner space in a direction perpendicular to the ground. It may be configured in a cylindrical or rectangular (pillar) shape.

An inlet 311 for gas introduced from the discharge end of the second transfer device 300 may be formed at the bottom of the distillation tower 310 . Among the fluids introduced at a high temperature (350 ° C to 550 ° C; maximum temperature of the second transfer device 300), the high boiling point product (or undecomposed reactant), which is in a liquid state even at a high temperature, is provided at the bottom of the distillation column 310 It exits through the lower discharge port 312, and the lower discharge port 312 is reintroduced into the second transfer device 300 to induce decomposition into low-boiling products.

Inside the distillation column 310, a plurality of stages 313, columns, trays; tray) is formed, and in each stage, oil components of different molecular weights can be liquefied and discharged according to the boiling point.

A heating device or a cooling device may be provided so that the gas inside the distillation column 310 reaches a temperature within a desired range for each stage. The temperature at each stage can be controlled through this.

For example, in the first stage, the gas (heavy oil) in contact with the tray cap 314 is liquefied by maintaining the temperature below 350° C., and the liquefied heavy oil can be transferred to the heavy oil tank through pipes and equipment. In the second stage, the gas (gas oil) in contact with the tray cap 314 is liquefied by maintaining the temperature in the range of 220 ° C. to 250 ° C., and the liquefied gas oil can be transferred to the gas oil tank through pipes and equipment. In the third stage, the temperature is maintained in the range of 150 ° C to 240 ° C to liquefy the gas (kerosene) in contact with the tray cap 314, and the liquefied kerosene can be transferred to the kerosene tank through pipes and equipment. In the fourth stage, the gas (naphtha) in contact with the tray cap 314 is liquefied by maintaining the temperature in the range of 75 ° C to 150 ° C, and the liquefied naphtha can be transferred to the naphtha tank through pipes and equipment. In the fifth stage, the temperature is maintained in the range of 40 ° C to 75 ° C to liquefy the gas (gasoline) in contact with the tray cap 314, and the liquefied gasoline can be transferred to the gasoline tank through pipes and equipment. After that, LPG may be discharged through an upper discharge port provided at the top of the distillation tower 310. In this case, each heavy oil tank, light oil tank, kerosene tank, naphtha tank, and gasoline tank (not shown) may be configured.

As the tray cap 314, a "bubble cap tray" may be employed. The bubble cap tray may have a shape in which a hole of the tray 313 is formed in a chimney shape, and a cap is mounted on the chimney shape. This configuration is suitable for the distillation column 310 having a high contamination coefficient, and in the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to apply the above configuration because the generation of a predetermined contaminant is predicted by thermally emulsifying the waste.

When the second transfer device 300 finishes generating oil vapor through heating, the second valve 301 is opened by the sensor, and the contaminated soil falls into the rotary kiln incinerator 500 through the third conduit 302, and the rotary kiln In the incinerator 500, the contaminated soil that has fallen by the combustion burner 501 receiving gas from the gas tank 900 through the 9th and 10th pipelines 902 and 903 is incinerated at a temperature of 300 ° C or higher for environmentally friendly purification. let it

As shown in FIG. 3, the apparatus for purifying contaminated soil mixed with waste oil using a pyrolysis furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a shaft 513 and a casing 512, which are rotating parts of a rotary kiln incinerator 500. In order to prevent the leakage of high-pressure gas generated in the combustion chamber 511 through the gap, a labyrinth seal 516 having a plurality of labyrinths formed on the inner circumferential surface to block gas leakage and gas leakage The ground packing 517 to be re-blocked is sequentially placed in the space between the shaft 513 and the casing 512.

At this time, the fixing ring 514 is firmly fixed to the casing 512 with a bolt 515 as a fixing means so that the grand packing 517 can be fixed to the outside of the rotating rotary kiln incinerator 500.

The dust collector 510 receives and collects dust, odors, and harmful substances generated when contaminated soil is incinerated in the rotary kiln incinerator 500 through the eleventh conduit 502 to prevent air pollution.

In addition, the oil vapor evaporated in the second transfer device 300 moves to the cooling water tank 600 through the fourth conduit 305.

The cooling water tank 600 has a built-in refrigerant coil 604 to cool the oil vapor evaporated in the second transfer device 300 and move it to the oil-water separation tank 700 through the fifth conduit 602.

The oil-water separation tank 700 divides the cooled oil vapor into water at room temperature and usable oil and gas, and the water at room temperature is sent to the water tank 710 for storage.

Oil components from which water is removed in the oil-water separation tank 700 may be transferred to the oil tank 800. The oil tank 800 may also include the function of the settling tank 800a. In FIG. 4 , the body of the sedimentation tank 800a is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole, and the lower portion is configured to have a hopper shape (inverted cone/polygonal pyramid shape) with a predetermined inclined surface formed on the circumferential surface. A transfer pipe and a pump capable of transferring sediment may be connected to the lower end of the settling tank 800a. An oil inlet 801a may be provided at one side of the settling tank 800a, and an oil outlet 801b may be provided at a position higher than the water level of the settling tank 800a by a predetermined height.

Usually, the sludge is separated and discharged from the pyrolysis heating furnace 400, but some sludge with small particles may be introduced together with gases, and some foreign substances are converted into a gas or liquid phase at high temperature and then return to a solid phase when the temperature is lowered. It can remain in the form of solid sludge as it comes.

Since the sludge has a higher density than the oil component, it is precipitated in the sedimentation tank 800a, and the sludge and some oil components may be discharged through the sediment outlet 801c.

In addition, when the gas is cooled to 130° C. or lower when phthalic acid is included among the gas components, phthalic acid is precipitated as phthalic anhydride, and phthalic anhydride is deposited on the pipe, causing clogging of the pipe. In order to prevent this clogging, phthalic anhydride may be precipitated in the precipitation tank 800a as described above and separated from the oil component.

In order to prevent clogging of pipes due to phthalic anhydride, predetermined heating means such as heating wires / planar heating elements may be provided in all / part of the piping (including equipment) from the pyrolysis heating furnace 400 to each tank. . The heating temperature is preferably 130°C or higher. Heating means may be omitted for piping or equipment having a temperature of 130° C. or higher by receiving heat from a heating device (pyrolysis heating furnace 400) or the like.

The oil tank 800 receives gas and oil from the oil-water separation tank 700, and the oil is stored in the oil tank 800, and when a certain amount is reached, the pump is operated to move to the vehicle so that it can be usefully reused at the industrial site , The gas is cleaned by the gas cleaner 810 through the eighth conduit 802, compressed by the compression pump 820, stored in the gas tank 900, and the waste oil in the gas burner 401 and the combustion burner 501 It has the advantage of being reused to heat the mixed contaminated soil.

As described above, although the present invention has been described by the limited embodiments and drawings, it is not limited thereto, and the technical spirit of the present invention and the claims to be described below are equivalent to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. Various modifications and variations are possible within the scope.

100: Hopper
200: first transfer device
300: second transfer device
400: pyrolysis furnace
500: rotary kiln incinerator
600: cooling water tank
700: oil-water separation tank
710: water tank
800: oil tank
900: gas tank
510: dust collector

Claims (4)

A hopper for storing contaminated soil mixed with waste oil;
a first conveying device that is integrally installed with the hopper and receives the contaminated soil stored in the hopper through a first conduit;
a second transfer device connected to the first transfer device by a second conduit;
A pyrolysis heating furnace for heating the second transfer device outside the second transfer device by forming the second transfer device in the middle of the body;
A rotary kiln incinerator connected to the second transfer device and a third pipe to incinerate the contaminated soil generating oil vapor;
a cooling water tank connected to the second transfer device through a fourth conduit to cool oil vapor generated from the second transfer device;
an oil-water separation tank connected to the cooling water tank through a fifth conduit to store the oil vapor cooled in the cooling water tank and to separate water, oil and gas;
an oil tank connected to the oil-water separation tank through a sixth pipe line to store gas and oil generated in the oil-water separation tank;
a water tank connected to the oil-water separation tank through a seventh conduit to store water generated in the oil-water separation tank;
a gas tank connected to the oil tank through an eighth pipeline and storing gas separated from the oil tank;
A plurality of labyrinths are formed on the circumferential surface of the inner shaft of the casing, which is a rotating part of the rotary kiln incinerator, to block gas leakage; and a ground packing to block gas leakage again;
At the lower end of the hopper, an air cylinder valve opened by a sensor when the amount of contaminated soil mixed with waste oil in the hopper becomes an appropriate amount;
The pyrolysis heating furnace is heated by a gas burner to heat the contaminated soil, and a plurality of fuel spray nozzles inside the pyrolysis heating furnace; And a spark plug; including,
When heated by the pyrolysis heating furnace, the first valve of the second pipe and the second valve of the third pipe are closed at the same time. According to claim 1,
a first screw operated by a first motor of the first transfer device and finely pulverizing and transferring the contaminated soil descending from the hopper;
A steam nozzle dispersing steam to wash the contaminated soil with steam supplied from the outside through a steam pipe;
The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil mixed with waste oil using a pyrolysis heating furnace, characterized in that it includes a first valve opened by a sensor when the amount of the contaminated soil transferred to the second conduit reaches an appropriate amount. According to claim 2,
The second conveying device is operated by a second motor, and a second screw for further crushing and conveying the contaminated soil transferred from the first conveying device; waste oil using a pyrolysis heating furnace comprising a Mixed polluted soil purifier.
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