KR102522212B1 - Reaction force apparatus using anchor in TBM - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device and method for replacing a reaction arm using an anchor in a TBM, and more particularly, to an anchor installed in a TBM shield inserted into a vertical shaft for initial excavation to provide a reaction force to the TBM during initial excavation. A reaction force device comprising: a plurality of anchor bodies fixed and anchored to the front surface of the upright sphere; a rear reaction force plate installed behind the TBM shield; and an anchor cable connected to each of the anchor bodies and the rear reaction force plate to be tensioned, wherein the reaction force generated by the anchor body is transmitted to the TBM to enable the TBM to be extruded. It is about a reaction arm replacement device using

Description

Reaction force apparatus using anchor in TBM}

The present invention relates to a device and method for replacing a reaction arm using an anchor in a TBM.

The tunnel excavation method is largely divided into a conventional tunneling method represented by NATM (New Austrian Tunneling Method) and a mechanized tunneling method represented by Open and Shield TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) method. Existing conventional tunnel construction methods had many problems in terms of labor cost, construction period, and safety.

In order to solve this problem, a mechanized tunnel method is being used a lot. The mechanized tunnel construction method is mechanically stable because it is excavated with a circular cross section, and it is an eco-friendly tunnel excavation method that can secure stability and minimize noise and vibration by minimizing ground deformation because it is excavation without vibration and blast.

Therefore, recent excavation of tunnels and underground spaces is focused on subways, power conduits, communication tunnels, etc. by replacing the existing blasting method for the purpose of increasing worker safety, reducing civil complaints due to noise and vibration, and reducing air and air costs. Mechanized construction by TBM is on the rise.

In general, the blasting method in tunnel construction is difficult to quickly cope with noise, vibration, and deformation after excavation. However, TBM can be applied to various grounds such as downtown areas, soft ground, and river bottoms with low noise and no vibration, and tunnels are constructed by excavating the inside of the cylinder by pressing a cylinder with a sharp circumference into the face.

1 is a photograph of TBM tunnel excavation equipment, and FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a TBM in which a segment is connected to the rear by a trust jack.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the TBM 2 moves forward using the reaction force of the segment 3 by installing the segment 3 at the rear or by using the gripper reaction force using the gripper on the side of the ground while moving forward. It can be seen that excavation of

3A is a photograph of a state in which the TBM is put into a vertical shaft, and FIGS. 3B and 3C are photographs of a state in which a temporary reaction force is installed during the initial excavation of the TBM.

As shown in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3C, when initial excavation is performed by putting the TBM 2 into the vertical shaft 1 (mainly power shafts and gas pipe tunnels), there is no segment 3. It can be seen that the temporary reaction arm 5 is installed before the segment 3 is installed, and the initial excavation is performed using the reaction force of the reaction arm 5.

FIG. 4A is a schematic view of a TBM with a reaction bar installed when the vertical opening is wide, and FIG. 4B is a diagram schematically showing a situation in which rear tunnel construction is required when the vertical opening is narrow.

As shown in FIG. 4B when the vertical shaft 1 is not wide enough, when it is difficult to install the reaction arm 5 and assemble the rear equipment 6 when it is narrow, there is a problem of excavating a tunnel to the rear to secure space. existence can be known.

During the initial excavation of the TBM, the reaction force of the segment (3) cannot be expected, so a separate reaction arm (5) needs to be installed. As the required reaction force increases according to the size of the TBM, a wide space is required for the reaction arm (5). That is, in the prior art, when sufficient space for the vertical sphere 1 for installation of the reaction arm 5 cannot be secured due to site conditions, a separate tunnel construction is required at the rear.

5A to 5D show conceptual diagrams for each step of TBM excavation in a vertical shaft section through a conventional reaction bar and a segment. As shown in FIGS. 5A to 5D, after the installation of the reaction arm, a temporary temporary segment 3 is installed to advance the TBM until it passes through the vertical section and enters the tunnel, and when the TBM excavation is completed, the temporary segment ( 3) will be dismantled.

Therefore, even if the space of the vertical shaft (1) is too small to install the reaction arm (5), temporary segment (3) Development of new equipment was required to eliminate installation and disassembly work.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2006-0127465 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2018-0070079 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2018-0061630 Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2010-0135525

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above conventional problems, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, instead of the existing reaction arm, an anchor body is installed in the forward direction of the TBM, fixed, and then the reaction plate is connected to the rear of the TBM equipment. The reaction force can be secured, the anchor reaction force is transmitted to the TBM, the TBM moves forward by 1 stroke, and then the reaction plate is moved to maintain the tensile force of the cable that is released through the tensioner, maintaining the reaction force while re-tensioning, An object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for replacing a reaction arm using an anchor in a TBM that can be secured.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, anchors are installed on the ground in front of the TBM without constructing an unnecessary rear tunnel in a narrow vertical space (mainly power outlets and gas pipe tunnels), and connected to the rear of the TBM shield with a plate and an anchor cable. An object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for replacing a reaction arm using an anchor in a TBM, which can replace the role of an existing reaction arm by securing a reaction force by itself.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tension of the anchor is prevented from being released while the TBM moves forward, and when the TBM moves forward, the tensioner installed on the rear reaction plate connected to the cable of the rear anchor maintains the reaction force by re-tensioning the anchor without a reaction belt. The object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for replacing a reaction bar using an anchor in the TBM, which can advance the TBM until segment installation (initial excavation).

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is an object of the present invention to provide a reaction arm replacement device and method using an anchor in a TBM, which can omit the work of installing a reaction arm and the work of installing and dismantling temporary segments by occupying a small space. .

On the other hand, the technical problems to be achieved in the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned technical problems, and other technical problems that are not mentioned will become clear to those skilled in the art from the description below. You will be able to understand.

A first object of the present invention is an anchor reaction device for providing a reaction force to the TBM during initial excavation by being installed in a TBM shield inserted into a vertical sphere space for initial excavation, wherein a plurality of anchor reaction devices are fixed and fixed on the front surface of the vertical sphere. anchor body of; a rear reaction force plate installed behind the TBM shield; and an anchor cable connected to each of the anchor bodies and the rear reaction force plate to be tensioned, wherein the reaction force generated by the anchor body is transmitted to the TBM to enable the TBM to be extruded. It can be achieved as a reaction arm replacement device using

In addition, cable holes through which the anchor cables pass through are formed in the rear reaction plate, and the anchors are provided on the rear surface of the rear reaction plate through which the cable holes are formed to maintain the tensile force of the anchor cables during the TBM excavation. It may be characterized by including a cable tensioner for re-tensioning the cable.

In addition, it may be characterized in that it comprises an anchor pressure plate provided between the cable hole and the cable tensioner, respectively.

And the rear reaction plate may be characterized in that it is configured in the form of a tube in which a hollow part is formed.

It may also be characterized in that it includes a thrust jack provided between the TBM shield and the rear reaction force plate to advance the TBM shield.

In addition, the cable holes may be formed to be spaced apart from each other at a specific interval in the circumferential direction.

In addition, each tensioned anchor cable may be characterized in that it is disposed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the TBM shield.

A second object of the present invention is a TBM initial excavation method using a reaction bar substitute device using an anchor according to the first object described above, comprising: inputting a TBM equipped with an anchor reaction device to a vertical shaft; fixing and fixing a plurality of anchor bodies of the anchor reaction force device on the front surface of the vertical sphere; Applying a reaction force to the TBM by tensioning and fixing the anchor cables passing through the cable holes of the rear reaction force plate installed behind the TBM shield and having the front end connected to each of the anchor bodies; It can be achieved as a TBM initial excavation method using a reaction bar replacement device using an anchor, characterized in that it comprises a; and operating the trust jack to initially excavate the TBM.

In the initial excavation step, the anchor cable is re-tensioned to maintain the tensile force of the anchor cable when the TBM is excavated through a cable tensioner provided on the rear surface of the rear reaction force plate in which a cable hole is formed. can

In addition, the initial excavation step may include a first step of advancing and excavating the TBM shield by moving the trust jack by one stroke; a second step of moving the reaction force plate forward by recovering the thrust jack by the 1 stroke; And a third step of re-tensioning the cable through the cable tensioner; may be characterized in that the first to third steps are repeated until the initial excavation is completed.

And when the rear space is secured by the initial excavation, it may be characterized in that the TBM excavation proceeds with the reaction force of the bone segment by installing the bone segment.

According to the reaction arm replacement device and method using an anchor in the TBM according to the embodiment of the present invention, instead of the existing reaction arm, an anchor body is installed in the forward direction of the TBM, fixed, and then a reaction plate is connected to the rear of the TBM equipment to reduce the reaction force. The anchor reaction force is transmitted to the TBM, the TBM moves forward by 1 stroke, and then the reaction plate is moved to maintain and re-tension the tensile force of the cable to be released through the tensioner, maintaining and securing the reaction force. have an effect

In addition, according to the reaction arm replacement device and method using an anchor in the TBM according to an embodiment of the present invention, the ground in front of the TBM without constructing an unnecessary rear tunnel in a narrow vertical shaft space (mainly power tunnels and gas pipe tunnels, etc.) By installing an anchor and connecting it with a plate and an anchor cable behind the TBM shield, it has the effect of replacing the role of the existing reaction arm by securing its own reaction force.

According to the device and method for replacing a reaction arm band using an anchor in a TBM according to an embodiment of the present invention, the tension of the anchor is prevented from being released while the TBM moves forward, so that when the TBM moves forward, the rear reaction force connected to the cable of the anchor at the rear By re-tensioning in the tensioner installed on the plate, the TBM can be advanced until the segment is installed (initial excavation) by maintaining the reaction force without the reaction belt.

According to the apparatus and method for replacing a reaction arm band using an anchor in a TBM according to an embodiment of the present invention, it occupies a small space and has the advantage of omitting the work of installing a reaction arm and the work of installing and dismantling temporary segments.

On the other hand, the effects obtainable in the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. You will be able to.

The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the invention serve to further understand the technical idea of the present invention, the present invention is limited only to those described in the drawings. and should not be interpreted.
1 is a photograph of TBM tunnel excavation equipment,
Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a TBM segment connected to the rear by a trust jack
Figure 3a is a photograph of a state in which the TBM is put into the vertical sphere;
3b and 3c are photographs of a state in which a temporary reaction force is installed during the initial excavation of the TBM;
Figure 4a is a schematic diagram in the case of a TBM with a reaction arm installed when the vertical sphere is wide;
4B is a view schematically showing a situation in which rear tunnel construction is required when the vertical opening is narrow;
5A to 5D are conceptual diagrams for each step of TBM excavation in a vertical shaft section through a conventional reaction bar and a segment;
6 is a schematic diagram of an anchor reaction force device according to an embodiment of the present invention coupled to a TBM shield;
7A to 7C are conceptual views of step-by-step TBM excavation in a vertical section using an anchor reaction force device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8a is a side cross-sectional view of an anchor reaction force device according to an embodiment of the present invention coupled to a TBM shield;
Figure 8b is a cross-sectional view AA of Figure 8a;
Figure 8c is a cross-sectional view AA of Figure 8a;
8d is a cross-sectional view AA of FIG. 8a;
9 is a cross-sectional view of a cable tensioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
10 is a flowchart of a TBM initial excavation method using an anchor reaction force device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The above objects, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be easily understood through the following preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein and may be embodied in other forms. Rather, the embodiments introduced herein are provided so that the disclosed content will be thorough and complete and the spirit of the present invention will be sufficiently conveyed to those skilled in the art.

In this specification, when an element is referred to as being on another element, it means that it may be directly formed on the other element or a third element may be interposed therebetween. Also, in the drawings, the thickness of components is exaggerated for effective description of technical content.

The embodiments described in this specification will be described with reference to sectional views and/or plan views, which are ideal exemplary views of the present invention. In the drawings, the thicknesses of films and regions are exaggerated for effective explanation of technical content. Accordingly, the shape of the illustrated drawings may be modified due to manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances. Therefore, embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific shapes shown, but also include changes in shapes generated according to manufacturing processes. For example, a region shown at right angles may be rounded or have a predetermined curvature. Accordingly, the regions illustrated in the drawings have attributes, and the shapes of the regions illustrated in the drawings are intended to illustrate a specific shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although terms such as first and second are used to describe various elements in various embodiments of the present specification, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one component from another. Embodiments described and illustrated herein also include complementary embodiments thereof.

Terminology used herein is for describing the embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention. In this specification, singular forms also include plural forms unless specifically stated otherwise in a phrase. The terms 'comprises' and/or 'comprising' used in the specification do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements.

In describing the specific embodiments below, several specific contents are prepared to more specifically describe the invention and aid understanding. However, readers who have knowledge in this field to the extent that they can understand the present invention can recognize that it can be used without these various specific details. In some cases, it is mentioned in advance that parts that are commonly known in describing the invention and are not greatly related to the invention are not described in order to prevent confusion for no particular reason in explaining the present invention.

Hereinafter, the configuration and function of a reaction bar alternative device using an anchor in a TBM according to an embodiment of the present invention and a TBM initial excavation method using the same will be described.

First, FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an anchor reaction force device according to an embodiment of the present invention coupled to a TBM shield. 7A to 7C are conceptual diagrams showing step-by-step TBM excavation in a vertical section using an anchor reaction force device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

And Figure 8a is a side cross-sectional view of an anchor reaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention coupled to the TBM shield, Figure 8b is a cross-sectional view A-A of Figure 8a, Figure 8c is a cross-sectional view A-A of Figure 8a, Figure 8d is a A-A cross-section of is shown. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a cable tensioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a flowchart of a TBM initial excavation method using an anchor reaction force device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the present invention is an anchor reaction device 100 installed in the TBM shield 2 introduced into the space of the vertical shaft 1 for initial excavation to provide a reaction force to the TBM during initial excavation, It can be seen that it can be configured to include a plurality of anchor bodies 10, a rear reaction force plate 30, a plurality of anchor cables 20, and the like.

The anchor body 10 is configured to be fixed and settled on the front surface of the vertical sphere 1 after the TBM 2 is put into the vertical sphere 1. It is preferable that these anchor bodies 10 be fixed and fixed by being spaced apart from each other at a specific interval in the circumferential direction with respect to the front surface of the vertical sphere.

The rear reaction force plate 30 is located behind the TBM shield 2.

In addition, the anchor cable 20 is configured such that the front end is fixed to each of the anchor bodies 10, connected to the rear reaction plate 30, fixed, and tensioned.

Accordingly, the reaction force by the anchor body 10 is transmitted to the TBM, enabling drilling of the TBM.

That is, according to the reaction arm replacement device using an anchor in the TBM according to an embodiment of the present invention, the vertical arm 1 is attached to the front wall instead of the reaction arm 5 required until the conventional vertical shaft passage section (initial excavation section). It is possible to move forward by obtaining the reaction force from the installed anchor body 10, and from the section after the vertical sphere 1, the segment (concrete wall piece) 3 is installed to advance the TBM with the reaction force of the segment 3 wall.

In addition, cable holes 31 through which anchor cables 20 pass through are formed in the rear reaction plate 30, and a cable tensioner 40 is installed on the rear surface of the rear reaction plate 30 in which the cable holes 31 are formed. are provided Therefore, the anchor cable 20 is re-tensioned through the cable tensioner 40 to maintain the tensile force of the anchor cable 20 during TBM excavation. An anchor pressure plate 33 is provided between the cable hole 31 and the cable tensioner 40, respectively.

That is, according to the embodiment of the present invention, TBM initial excavation is possible in a narrow space without the reaction arm 5, installation and disassembly of the reaction arm 5 can be omitted, and the anchor cable 20 moves forward as the TBM moves forward. In order to prevent the tension of the release, the cable tensioner 40 is installed on the anchor pressure plate 33 of the rear reaction plate 30, and the TBM is continuously re-tensioned in the cable tensioner 40 while excavating to prevent loosening. be able to

And, as mentioned above, the anchor body 10 is arranged at a specific distance from each other in the circumferential direction with respect to the front surface of the vertical sphere 1, fixed and fixed, and the cable hole 31 formed in the rear reaction force plate 30 Also, the anchor body 10 is formed to be spaced apart from each other at a specific interval in the circumferential direction so as to correspond to the fixing position. Therefore, each tensioned anchor cable 20 is disposed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the TBM shield 2.

Also, as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D , it can be seen that the rear reaction force plate 30 has a tubular shape in which a hollow part 32 is formed.

Therefore, a hollow part 32 is formed in the rear reaction plate 30 connected to the anchor body 10 at the rear of the TBM shield 2, and the rear equipment 6 required for the TBM work is formed in the middle of the rear reaction plate 30 and It becomes possible to discharge the force, supply the segment (3), and move the manpower.

Hereinafter, a TBM initial excavation method using a reaction bar replacement device using an anchor will be described.

First, the TBM in which the above-mentioned anchor reaction force device 100 is installed is put into the vertical sphere 1 (S1).

Then, a plurality of anchor bodies 10 are fixed and fixed on the front surface of the vertical sphere 1 (S2). The anchor bodies 10 are arranged spaced apart from each other at specific intervals in the circumferential direction with respect to the front surface of the vertical sphere 1, and are fixed and fixed.

And the anchor cable 20 penetrates the cable hole 31 of the rear reaction force plate 30 installed at the rear of the TBM shield 2, and the front end is fixed to each anchor body, and the anchor cable is tensioned and fixed to secure the TBM. A reaction force is applied to (S3).

The cable holes 31 are formed in the rear reaction force plate 30 at a specific distance from each other in the circumferential direction so as to correspond to the fixed position of the anchor body 10. Therefore, each tensioned anchor cable 20 is disposed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the TBM shield 2. In addition, the TBM shield 2 is positioned on the pedestal 11, and moving wheels 34 may be installed below the rear reaction force plate 30.

Then, the trust jack 4 is operated to start the initial excavation of the TBM (S4).

In this initial excavation step, as shown in FIG. 7B, first, the TBM advances and excavates by moving the thrust jack 4 one stroke (S5).

And, as shown in FIG. 7C, the trust jack 4 is recovered by 1 stroke (S6), and at this time, it moves forward while being recovered (as much as 1 strophe movement) together with the reaction force plate 30 to the rear of the trust jack 4. It comes into contact (S7).

In addition, the anchor cable 20 is re-tensioned to maintain the tension of the anchor cable 20 during TBM excavation through the cable tensioner 40 provided on the rear side of the rear reaction plate 30 in which the cable hole 31 is formed. do.

That is, in order to prevent the tensile force of the anchor cable 20 from being released while the TBM moves forward, the cable tensioner 40 is installed on the anchor support plate 33 of the rear reaction plate 30 to continuously pull the cable It is possible to prevent loosening by re-tensioning the organ 40 .

These steps S5 to S7 are repeated until the vertical section is passed, that is, until the initial excavation is completed (S8).

And after entering the tunnel section through the vertical section by initial excavation, this segment is installed and TBM excavation proceeds with the reaction force of the installed segment (conversion to the general method). At this time, a hollow part 32 is formed in the rear reaction plate 30 connected to the anchor body 10 at the rear of the TBM shield 2, and the rear equipment 6 required for the TBM work is formed in the middle of the rear reaction plate 30 and It becomes possible to discharge the force, supply the segment (3), and move the manpower.

In addition, the device and method described above are not limited to the configuration and method of the above-described embodiments, but all or part of each embodiment is selectively combined so that various modifications can be made. may be configured.

1: vertical ball
2:TBM shield
3: segment
4: Trust Jack
5: reaction arm
6: Rear equipment
10: anchor body
11: half bed
20: anchor cable
30: rear reaction plate
31: cable hole
32: hollow part
33: anchor acupressure plate
34: moving wheel
40: cable tensioner
100: anchor reaction force device

Claims (11)

In the reaction arm replacement device using an anchor installed in the TBM shield inserted into the vertical shaft space for initial excavation to provide reaction force to the TBM during initial excavation,
A plurality of anchor bodies fixed and fixed to the front surface of the upright sphere;
a rear reaction force plate installed behind the TBM shield; and
Anchor cables that are tensioned by connecting each of the anchor bodies and the rear reaction force plate; the reaction force by the anchor body is transmitted to the TBM to enable initial excavation of the TBM;
Cable holes through which the anchor cables pass through are formed in the rear reaction plate, and are provided on the rear surface of the rear reaction plate through which the cable holes are formed to maintain the tensile force of the anchor cables during the TBM excavation. A cable tensioner for re-tensioning, and an anchor pressure plate provided between the cable hole and the cable tensioner, respectively,
a trust jack provided between the TBM shield and the rear reaction force plate to advance the TBM shield;
When the rear space is secured by the initial excavation, the reaction bar replacement device using an anchor in the TBM, characterized in that the TBM excavation is performed with the reaction force of the bone segment by installing the bone segment.
delete delete According to claim 1,
The rear reaction plate is a reaction arm replacement device using an anchor in the TBM, characterized in that it is configured in the form of a tube in which a hollow part is formed.
delete According to claim 4,
The cable hole is a reaction bar replacement device using an anchor in the TBM, characterized in that formed spaced apart from each other at a specific interval in the circumferential direction.
According to claim 6,
Each tensioned anchor cable is disposed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the TBM shield.
In the TBM initial excavation method using the reaction arm replacement device using the anchor according to any one of claims 1, 4, and 6 to 7,
Injecting the TBM equipped with the anchor reaction force device into the vertical sphere;
fixing and fixing a plurality of anchor bodies of the anchor reaction force device on the front surface of the vertical sphere;
Applying a reaction force to the TBM by tensioning and fixing the anchor cables passing through the cable holes of the rear reaction force plate installed behind the TBM shield and having the front end connected to each of the anchor bodies; and
Initial excavation of the TBM by operating the trust jack;
According to claim 8,
In the initial excavation step,
Re-tensioning the anchor cable to maintain the tensile force of the anchor cable when the TBM is excavated through a cable tensioner provided on the rear surface of the rear reaction plate in which the cable hole is formed. TBM initial excavation method using
According to claim 9,
In the initial excavation step,
A first step of advancing and excavating the TBM shield by moving the trust jack by one stroke;
a second step of moving the reaction force plate forward by recovering the thrust jack by the 1 stroke; and
A third step of re-tensioning the cable through the cable tensioner; Including,
TBM initial excavation method using a reaction belt replacement device using an anchor, characterized in that the first to third steps are repeated when the initial excavation is completed.
According to claim 10,
When the rear space is secured by the initial excavation, the TBM initial excavation method using the reaction force substitute device using an anchor, characterized in that the TBM excavation is performed with the reaction force of the main segment by installing the main segment.

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