KR100493485B1 - A tunnel constructing method - Google Patents
A tunnel constructing method Download PDFInfo
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- KR100493485B1 KR100493485B1 KR10-1999-0049143A KR19990049143A KR100493485B1 KR 100493485 B1 KR100493485 B1 KR 100493485B1 KR 19990049143 A KR19990049143 A KR 19990049143A KR 100493485 B1 KR100493485 B1 KR 100493485B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- jack
- enclosure
- towing
- oil plate
- blade
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/005—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/02—Driving inclined tunnels or galleries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명에 따른 터널구축방법에 따르면 함체 선단에 후드형상의 칼날부를 부착하고 함체를 관통하도록 PC강선 등에 의한 견인부재를 배치하며, 함체의 후단측에는 정착구 또는 견인잭을, 타단에는 견인잭 또는 정착구를 설치하고, 함체를 전진시킬 때에는 칼날부의 굴삭.배토를 행한후, 견인잭을 작동하여 이것으로 함체를 견인하고, 함체가 일정량 전진하면 또 칼날부의 굴삭, 배토의 같은 동작을 반복하는 터널의 구축방법에 있어서, 칼날부내에 토유판용 잭을 설치하고, 토유판용 잭에 의하여 전방으로 압착되는 붕괴방지용 토유판을 전면에 배치하고, 견인부재의 양단을 고정하여 견인잭을 작동시킬 때에는 토유판용 잭을 충격흡수체로서 이용하는 것을 요지로 한다.According to the tunnel construction method according to the present invention, a hood-shaped blade is attached to the tip of the enclosure, and a towing member is disposed by a PC steel wire to penetrate the enclosure. When installing and moving the enclosure forward, excavation and dismantling of the blade section is performed, and then the towing jack is operated to tow the enclosure with this, and when the enclosure is advanced a certain amount, the tunnel construction method repeats the same operation of excavation and discharging the blade section. In the blade section, a jack for oil plate is installed in the blade portion, and the oil plate for preventing collapse is placed on the front side by the oil plate jack, and the jack for oil plate is shocked when both ends of the towing member are fixed to operate the towing jack. It is a summary to use as an absorber.
이와같은 구성에 따라 본 발명은 설치가 간편하고 작업성이 좋아 소음, 진동을 제로에 가깝게 할 수 있고, 붕괴를 방지하고 견인부재의 파단방지도 기할 수 있는 터널의 구축방법을 제공하는 데 있다.According to this configuration, the present invention provides a method for constructing a tunnel that is easy to install and has good workability, thereby making noise and vibration close to zero, preventing collapse and preventing breakage of the towing member.
Description
본 발명은 콘크리트함체를 지중으로 전진시켜 시공하는 터널의 구축방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for constructing a tunnel that is constructed by advancing a concrete enclosure underground.
콘크리트함체를 지중으로 밀어 내면서 터널을 구축하는 방법으로서 잭으로 밀어내는 대신에 도 9와 같이 견인부재로 견인하는 견인공법이 제안되고 있다.As a method of constructing a tunnel while pushing the concrete enclosure into the ground, a traction method of towing a traction member as shown in FIG. 9 is proposed instead of being pushed by a jack.
도로나 철도선로(10)의 바로 밑 등 흙이 비교적 얇게 덮인 위치에서 이를 횡단하는 터널을 시공하는 경우, 발진부(7)에서 도달부(8)로 비교적 흙이 얇게 덮인 위치에서 터널을 시공하기 위해 철근콘크리트제 함체(1)의 선단에 후드형상의 칼날부(3)를 부착하고, 이 함체(1)를 관통하도록 하여 발진부(7)에서 도달부(8)에 걸치는 견인부재로서의 PC강선(4)을 배치하며 그 단부에는 정착구(5)와 견인잭(6)을 설치한다.In the case of constructing a tunnel traversing at a location where the soil is relatively thinly covered, such as under a road or a railroad line 10, to construct the tunnel at a position where the soil is relatively thinly covered from the oscillation part 7 to the reaching part 8. PC steel wire 4 as a traction member which is attached to the tip of the reinforced concrete enclosure 1, and has a hood-shaped blade 3, which penetrates the enclosure 1, and extends from the oscillation section 7 to the reaching section 8; ) And the fixing fixture 5 and the towing jack 6 is installed at the end thereof.
도면중 18은 도달부(8)측에 설치하는 반력체이다.18 in the figure is a reaction force provided on the side of the reaching part 8.
이와같이 칼날부(3)의 부분을 굴삭하여 정착구(5)와 견인잭(6)을 PC강선(4)에 고정하고 견인잭(6)을 작동하여 PC강선(4)을 긴장시켜서 함체(1)를 견인한다.Thus excavation of the portion of the blade (3) to fix the fixing unit (5) and the towing jack (6) to the PC steel wire (4) and to operate the towing jack (6) to tension the PC steel wire (4) to the housing (1) Tow.
함체(1)가 일정량 전진하면 칼날부(3)의 굴삭·배토를 행하고 같은 동작을 반복한다.When the enclosure 1 advances a fixed amount, the blade part 3 is excavated and covered, and the same operation is repeated.
이와같은 견인공법에서는 견인할 때 이동하는 함체가 외주부와의 마찰력에 기인하여 소음, 진동을 발생한다. 이 소음,진동은 도시부나 주택부근, 정밀기기나 계기를 갖는 공장 등이 가까운 곳에 위치하는 공장현장에서는 공해문제로도 된다.In such a traction method, the moving housing during towing generates noise and vibration due to the frictional force with the outer circumference. This noise and vibration can also be a pollution problem in factory sites near urban areas, near housing, factories with precision instruments and instruments.
또 지반상태의 변화로 외주부와의 마찰력이 급격히 떨어지는 등 견인잭(6)에 의한 급격한 힘이 견인부재로서의 PC강선(4)에 가해지면 PC강선(4)이 파단되거나 견인잭(6)이 파손될 염려가 있다.In addition, if a sudden force by the traction jack 6 is applied to the PC steel wire 4 as the traction member such that the friction force with the outer circumferential portion drops sharply due to the change of the ground state, the PC steel wire 4 may break or the traction jack 6 may be broken. There is concern.
이에 대해 종래는 제 1도 내지 제 4도에서 보는 바와같이 함체의 외주부, 특히 저면부에 활제를 도포하여 마찰력을 절감시키거나 이동하기 위한 추진 또는 함체 사이에 견인잭을 사용하여 이동속도를 조절할 수 있게 한 방법등이 미국특허 제4,322,180호 및 일본특개평6-158987호 등에 의하여 공지된 바 있다.On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the moving speed can be adjusted by using a traction jack between the housing or the propulsion to reduce or move the friction by applying a lubricant to the outer circumference of the housing, particularly the bottom surface. Such a method is known from U.S. Patent No. 4,322,180 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-158987.
그러나 상기 활제를 도포하는 방법에서는 소음, 진동을 어느 정도 절감할 수 있을 지가 문제가 되며 활제를 도포한 범위에서는 미끄러지기 쉽기 때문에 작업성이 매우 나빠지게 된다.However, in the method of applying the lubricant, it is a matter of how much noise and vibration can be reduced, and the workability becomes very poor because it is easy to slip in the range in which the lubricant is applied.
한편 함체 사이에 견인잭을 사용하여 추진속도, 견인속도를 조절하여 소음,진동을 감소시키려고 해도 어느 정도는 소음, 진동이 발생하게 되어 완전한 것이라고는 할 수 없다. 대부분의 경우는 기기에 그와같은 조정기능이 붙어있지 않은 경우가 많기 때문이다.On the other hand, even if you try to reduce the noise and vibration by adjusting the propulsion speed and the towing speed by using the towing jack between the enclosures, the noise and vibration are generated to some extent, but it is not perfect. This is because in most cases the device is not equipped with such adjustments.
본 발명의 목적은 상기 종래의 문제점을 해결함과 동시에 작업성을 좋게 하고 소음, 진동을 제로에 가깝게 할 수 있고, 붕괴를 방지하고 견인부재의 파단방지도 간단히 행할 수 있는 터널의 구축방법을 제공하는 데 있다.The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and at the same time improve the workability and to provide a method of constructing a tunnel that can make noise and vibration close to zero, prevent collapse and prevent breakage of the towing member. There is.
본 발명은 상기 목적을 이루기 위해 함체 선단에 후드형상의 칼날부를 부착하고 함체를 관통하도록 PC강선 등에 의한 견인부재를 배치하며, 함체의 전방부와 후단측에는 정착구 또는 견인잭을 설치하고, 함체를 전진시킬 때에 칼날부의 굴삭.배토를 행한후, 견인잭을 작동하여 이것으로 함체를 견인하고, 함체가 일정량 전진하면 또 칼날부의 굴삭, 배토라는 같은 동작을 반복하는 공지한 터널의 구축방법에 있어서, In order to achieve the above object, the present invention attaches a knife-shaped blade to the front end of the enclosure and arranges the traction member by PC steel wire to penetrate the enclosure, and installs a fixing device or a traction jack on the front and rear ends of the enclosure, and moves the enclosure forward. In the well-known tunnel construction method, the blade section is excavated and topped, and the towing jack is operated to pull the enclosure therethrough, and when the enclosure advances by a certain amount, the same operation is repeated.
칼날부내에 토유판용 잭을 설치하고, 토유판용 잭에 의하여 전방으로 압착되는 토유판을 전방에 배치하고, 견인부재의 양단을 고정하여 견인잭을 작동시킬 때에 토유판용 잭을 충격흡수체로서 이용하는 것을 요지로 하는 것이다.It is essential to use a jack for oil plate as a shock absorber when installing a jack for oil plate in the blade part, arranging the oil plate pressed forward by the jack for oil plate, and fixing the both ends of the towing member to operate the towing jack. It is to be.
본 발명에서 사용되고 있는 함체사이에 배치한 토유판용 잭은 함체의 움직임을 상당히 완만하게 하는 충격흡수체의 역할을 하고, 정마찰에서 동마찰로 바뀌는 순간의 소음, 진동을 최대한 억제할 수 있다.The jack for oil plate disposed between the enclosures used in the present invention serves as a shock absorber that smoothes the movement of the enclosure considerably and can suppress noise and vibration at the moment of changing from static friction to dynamic friction.
(실시예)(Example)
다음 도면에 의해 종래예를 먼저 상세하게 설명한다. 도 1은 종래의 터널의 구축방법의 실시예를 도시하는 종단측면도, 도 2는 도 1의 A-A선 단면도, 도 3은 B-B선 단면도이다.The prior art example is explained in full detail first by following drawing. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing an embodiment of a conventional tunnel construction method, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B.
본 실시예는 도로나 철도선로(10)의 바로 밑 등 비교적 흙이 얕게 덮인 위치에서 이를 횡단하는 터널형상의 지중구조물을 축조하기 위한 무한자주전진공법의 경우이다. This embodiment is the case of the infinite self-vacuum vacuum method for constructing a tunnel-shaped underground structure crossing it at a relatively shallowly covered position such as just under a road or railway line 10.
다수(3개이상)의 콘크리트함체를 나열하고, 이 함체 사이에 추진잭(2)을 배치한다.A number of concrete enclosures (3 or more) are arranged, and a propulsion jack (2) is arranged between the enclosures.
또 선두의 함체(1) 선단에 후드형상의 칼날부(3)를 부착하고 모든 함체를 관통하도록 견인부재로서의 PC강선(4)을 배치하며, 그 단부에는 정착구(5)와 견인잭(6)을 설치한다. 도면중 18은 도달부(8)측에 설치하는 철근콘크리트벽 등의 반력체이다.Moreover, the PC-shaped steel wire 4 as a traction member is arrange | positioned so that the blade-shaped blade part 3 may be attached to the front end of the housing | casing 1, and it penetrates all the enclosures, and the fixing | fixed opening 5 and the towing jack 6 are arranged in the end part. Install it. In the figure, 18 is a reaction body, such as a reinforced concrete wall, provided on the reaching portion 8 side.
또한 정착구(5)와 견인잭(6)의 배치는 도시예에서는 반력체(18)측에 정착구(5)를, 최후미의 함체 후단부에 견인잭(6)을 설치한 경우를 도시했지만 이를 역으로 하여 반력체(18)측에 견인잭(6) 또는 최후미의 함체의 후단면에 정착구(5)를 배치하도록 해도 좋다.In addition, the arrangement of the fixing unit 5 and the towing jack 6 shows a case in which the fixing unit 5 is installed on the reaction force body 18 side and the towing jack 6 is installed on the rear end of the rear end of the housing in this example. Conversely, the fixing tool 5 may be arranged on the rear end surface of the towing jack 6 or the rearmost housing on the reaction force body 18 side.
이와같이 칼날부(3)의 부분을 굴삭하여 선두의 함체(1)에서 그 뒤쪽의 함체 사이에 장치한 추진잭(2)의 스트로크를 늘려서 일정량씩 전진시키고, 전 함체가 일정량 전진한다면 또 선두부터 같은 동작을 반복한다. 그 경우 선두의 함체(1)를 전진시키기 위해서는 정착구(5)와 견인잭(6)을 프리로 하고, 뒤쪽의 제 2함체(1a)의 자중(自重)과 토압에 의한 마찰저항을 반력으로 하여 선두의 함체(1)와 제 2함체(1a) 사이의 추진잭(2)을 작동시킨다.In this way, the portion of the blade portion 3 is excavated, and the stroke of the propulsion jack 2 installed between the first housing 1 and the rear housing is increased to advance by a certain amount. Repeat the operation. In this case, in order to advance the first housing 1, the fixing unit 5 and the traction jack 6 are free, and the self-weight of the rear second housing 1a and frictional resistance due to earth pressure are set as reaction forces. The propulsion jack 2 is operated between the first housing 1 and the second housing 1a.
이어서 제 2함체(1a)의 전진은 정착구(5)와 견인잭(6)을 PC강선(4)에 고정하고 견인잭(6)을 작동하여 PC강선(4)을 긴장시키며, 선두의 함체(1)와 제 3함체(1b)를 반력으로 제 2함체(1)와 제 3함체(1b)사이의 추진잭(2)에 의해 행한다.Subsequently, the forward of the second housing 1a fixes the fixing unit 5 and the towing jack 6 to the PC steel wire 4 and operates the towing jack 6 to tension the PC steel wire 4, and the first housing ( 1) and the third enclosure 1b are carried out by a propulsion jack 2 between the second enclosure 1 and the third enclosure 1b with reaction force.
제 3함체(1b)의 전진은 선두의 함체(1)와 제 2함체(1a)를 반력으로 견인잭(6)을 구동하고 이것으로 견인한다.Advancement of the third housing 1b drives the towing jack 6 with a reaction force to the front housing 1 and the second housing 1a and tow therefrom.
도 4는 이 추진잭(2)의 유압회로를 나타낸 것으로 부호 11은 추진잭 출구, 부호 12는 추진잭 복귀구, 부호 13은 유압펌프, 부호 14는 유압펌프 복귀구, 부호 15는 유압펌프 출구이다. 이 추진잭 출구(11)와 유압펌프 출구(15), 추진잭 복귀구(12)와 유압펌프 복귀구(14)를 잇는 유압배관중간에 바이패스회로(16)를 형성하고, 이 바이패스회로(16)에 바이패스밸브(17)를 배치했다.4 shows the hydraulic circuit of the propulsion jack 2, wherein 11 is the propulsion jack outlet, 12 is the propulsion jack return port, 13 is the hydraulic pump, 14 is the hydraulic pump return port, and 15 is the hydraulic pump outlet. to be. The bypass circuit 16 is formed in the middle of the hydraulic piping connecting the propulsion jack outlet 11, the hydraulic pump outlet 15, the propulsion jack return port 12, and the hydraulic pump return port 14 to the bypass circuit. The bypass valve 17 was arranged in (16).
이와같이 정착구와 견인잭(6)을 PC강선(4)에 고정하고, 이 PC강선(4)을 긴장시키면서 견인잭(6)을 작동시켜 선두의 함체(1)를 견인시킬 때는 유압펌프(13)를 정지함과 동시에 상기 바이패스회로(16)에 바이패스밸브(17) 및 그외의 밸브를 열어 함체 사이의 추진잭(2)을 프리로 한다.In this way, the fixing unit and the towing jacks 6 are fixed to the PC steel wire 4, and the hydraulic pump 13 is used to pull the leading body 1 by operating the towing jack 6 while tensioning the PC steel wire 4. At the same time, the bypass circuit 17 and other valves are opened in the bypass circuit 16 to free the propulsion jack 2 between the enclosures.
이와같이 하면 이 바이패스회로(16)의 부분에서 기름의 약 1/3은 추진잭(2)의 실린더로 복귀하고, 약 1/3은 탱크로 복귀하며, 추진잭(2)을 충격흡수체로서 이용할 수 있다. 그 결과 정마찰에서 동마찰로 바뀌는 순간의 소음, 진동을 최대한 억제할 수 있다.In this way, about 1/3 of the oil is returned to the cylinder of the propulsion jack 2, about 1/3 of the oil is returned to the tank in the portion of the bypass circuit 16, and the propulsion jack 2 is used as the shock absorber. Can be. As a result, noise and vibration at the moment of changing from static friction to dynamic friction can be suppressed as much as possible.
도 5는 본 발명의 제 1실시예로서 선두의 함체(1)의 굴진에 앞서 발진부(7)내에 압입기를 설치하여 이것으로 동관에 의한 대략 정방형 단면의 상자형 통체인 루프용 통체(19)를 도달부(8)쪽으로 압입시키도록 했다.Fig. 5 is a first embodiment of the present invention, in which the indenter is provided in the oscillation section 7 prior to the excavation of the first enclosure 1, thereby providing a loop cylinder 19, which is a box-shaped cylinder having a substantially square cross section by a copper tube. It was made to press into the reaching part 8.
이 루프용 통체(19)는 윗면에 평면으로 이루어지는 프릭션커터(20)를 배치하고, 프릭션커터(20)의 일단은 발진부(7)측에 배치한 멈춤부재(21)로 계지한다.This loop cylinder 19 arranges the friction cutter 20 which consists of a plane on the upper surface, and one end of the friction cutter 20 is latched by the stop member 21 arrange | positioned at the oscillation part 7 side.
이러한 루프용 통체(19)는 단위통체를 하나씩 압입하지만 1피스씩 길이방향으로 연장하여 필요길이를 매설할 수 있고, 또한 연결부분을 통해 가로방향으로 연속하면서 병렬시킨다. 또 루프용 통체(19)의 나열방향은 도 6과 같이 문모양 외에 다른 일문자모양, ∩모양 등으로 배치하는 함체에 맞추어 적절히 선택할 수 있다.The loop cylinder 19 presses the unit cylinders one by one, but can extend the length by one piece in the longitudinal direction to bury the required length, and further parallel to and in the horizontal direction through the connecting portion. In addition, the alignment direction of the loop cylinder 19 can be suitably selected according to the enclosure arrange | positioned in a one-letter form, a shave shape, etc. other than a door shape like FIG.
콘크리트함체와 루프용 통체(19) 후단 사이에는 소형잭(22)을 개재해도 좋다.A small jack 22 may be interposed between the concrete housing and the rear end of the loop cylinder 19.
소형잭(22)이 있는 경우는 이를 신장하여 함체를 반력으로 하고 프릭션커터(20)를 남기면서 루프용 통체(19)를 하나씩 순차로 밀어내며, 루프용 통체(19)가 전진하면 소형잭(22)을 줄여 이번에는 선두의 함체(1)를 그 뒤쪽의 제 2함체(1a) 사이에 장치하여 추진잭(2)의 스트로크를 늘려 일정량 전진시키고, 이후 뒤쪽 함체를 각각 순차로 전진시킨다. 이와같이 프릭션커터(20)는 루프용 통체(19)를 밀어내는데 지반과의 테두리가 끊기고, 적은 마찰로 또한 지반을 파손시키지 않고 행할 수 있다.If there is a small jack (22), it is extended to the housing as a reaction force, and the friction cylinder (20) while leaving the cylinder for the loop (19) one by one, and when the loop cylinder (19) is advanced, the small jack (22) is reduced, and this time, the first enclosure (1) is installed between the second enclosure (1a) behind it to increase the stroke of the propulsion jack (2) to advance a certain amount, and then the rear enclosures are sequentially advanced respectively. In this way, the friction cutter 20 pushes the loop cylinder 19, and the edge with the ground is broken, and the friction cutter 20 can be performed without damaging the ground.
함체의 굴진공정은 기본적으로는 상기 공지예와 마찬가지로 칼날부(3)의 부분을 굴삭하고, 선두의 함체(1)에서 그 뒤쪽의 제 2함체(1a) 사이에 장치한 추진잭(2)의 스트로크를 늘려 일정량씩 전진시키며, 전 함체가 일정량 전진하면 또 선두에서 같은 동작을 반복한다. 그 경우 선두의 함체(1)를 전진시키기 위해서는 정착구(5)와 견인잭(6)을 프리로 하고, 뒤쪽 제 2함체(1a)의 자중과 토압에 의한 마찰저항을 반력으로 하여 선두의 함체(1)와 제 2함체(1a) 사이의 추진잭(2)을 작동시킨다.As for the drilling step of the enclosure, basically, similar to the known example, the part of the blade portion 3 is excavated, and the propulsion jack 2 provided between the first enclosure 1 and the second enclosure 1a behind it is installed. Increase the stroke and move forward by a certain amount. When the battleship moves forward by a certain amount, the same operation is repeated at the beginning. In this case, in order to advance the first housing 1, the fixing unit 5 and the towing jack 6 are free, and the first housing ( The propulsion jack 2 between 1) and the second enclosure 1a is operated.
이어서 제 2함체(1a)의 전진은 정착구(5)와 견인잭(6)을 PC강선(4)에 고정하고, 견인잭(6)을 작동하여 PC강선(4)을 긴장시키며, 선두의 함체(1)와 제 3함체(1b)를 반력으로 제 2함체(1a)와 제 3함체(1b) 사이의 추진잭(2)에 의해 행한다.Subsequently, the forward of the second housing 1a fixes the fixing unit 5 and the towing jack 6 to the PC steel wire 4, and the towing jack 6 is operated to tension the PC steel wire 4, and the leading housing (1) and the third enclosure 1b are carried out by the propulsion jack 2 between the second enclosure 1a and the third enclosure 1b with reaction force.
제 3함체(1b)의 전진은 선두의 함체(1)와 제 2함체(1a)를 반력으로 견인잭(6)을 구동하여 이것으로 견인한다.Advancement of the 3rd enclosure 1b drives the towing jack 6 by the reaction force to the towing body 1 and the 2nd enclosure 1a by this reaction force, and tow it.
상기 소형잭(22)을 배치하지 않은 경우 루프용 통체(19)를 밀어내는 것은 함체의 견인과 함께 동시에 행한다.When the said small jack 22 is not arrange | positioned, pushing out the cylinder for loop 19 is performed simultaneously with the pulling of a housing | casing.
이 제 1실시예의 루프용 통체(19)를 배치하는 방법에서는 루프용 통체는 굴삭시 방호공이 되는 것으로, 지중으로 굴진시키는 지하구조물의 방호공을 별도 공사하여 시공하지 않고 함체의 굴진과 동시에 행하므로 안전하고 확실하며 또한 저가로 공사가 가능하다.In the method of arranging the loop cylinder 19 of the first embodiment, the loop cylinder becomes a protective hole during excavation, and is simultaneously performed with the excavation of the enclosure without separately constructing a protective hole for underground structures to be excavated underground. It is safe, reliable and low cost construction.
도 7, 도 8은 본 발명의 제 2실시예, 제 3실시예를 도시하는 것으로 함체의 칼날부(3)내에 토유판용 잭(23)을 배치하고, 이 토유판용 잭(23)에 의하여 전방으로 압착되는 토유판(24)을 전방에 배치했다. 7 and 8 show a second embodiment and a third embodiment of the present invention, in which a jack 23 for oil plates is disposed in the blade portion 3 of the housing, and the jack 23 for oil plates is moved forward. The oil plate 24 which was crimped | bonded by pressure was arrange | positioned at the front.
이 토유판용 잭(23)은 함체(1)의 전면부에 배치한다.The oil plate jack 23 is disposed on the front surface of the housing 1.
제 2실시예는 상기 제 1실시예와 마찬가지로 도달부(8)에 반력체(18)를 설치한 경우이지만 제 3실시예의 경우는 반력체(18) 대신에 도달부(8)에 도달부측 함체(1')를 설치하고, 이를 반력체로서 이용함과 동시에 발진부(7)측의 함체(1)와 도달부측 함체(1')를 번갈아 굴진시키도록 한 경우이다.The second embodiment is a case in which the reaction force body 18 is provided in the reaching portion 8 as in the first embodiment. However, in the third embodiment, the arrival portion side enclosure is reached in the reaching portion 8 instead of the reaction force body 18. This is a case where 1 'is provided and used as a reaction force, and at the same time, the enclosure 1 on the oscillation part 7 side and the enclosure 1' on the reaching part side are alternately excavated.
도 7의 제 2실시예에서는 칼날부(3)의 부분을 굴삭하고, 정착구(5)와 견인잭(6)을 PC강선(4)에 고정하고, 견인잭(6)을 작동하여 PC강선(4)을 긴장시켜 함체(1)를 견인한다.In the second embodiment of FIG. 7, a portion of the blade portion 3 is excavated, the fixing unit 5 and the towing jack 6 are fixed to the PC steel wire 4, and the towing jack 6 is operated to operate the PC steel wire ( Tension 4) to tow the enclosure (1).
함체(1)가 일정량 전진하면 칼날부(3)의 굴삭·배토를 행하고, 같은 동작을 반복한다.When the housing | casing 1 advances a fixed amount, the blade part 3 is excavated and dissipated, and the same operation is repeated.
그리고 칼날부(3)내를 굴삭한 후 작업현장 전면에 상기 토유판용 잭(23) 및 토유판(24)을 부착하고, 이 토유판용 잭(23)을 신장하여 앞쪽으로 토유판(24)을 압착하여 붕괴를 방지한다. After excavating the inside of the blade section 3, the oil plate jack 23 and the oil plate 24 are attached to the front of the work site, and the oil plate plate 23 is extended to extend the oil plate 24 forward. Squeeze to prevent collapse.
PC강선(4)으로 함체(1)를 견인할 때에 토유판용 잭(23)은 프리로 하고, 이를 충격흡수체로서 이용한다.When the housing 1 is pulled by the PC steel wire 4, the jack 23 for the oil plate is made free and used as a shock absorber.
도 8의 제 3실시예에서는 발진부(7)측의 함체(1)의 굴진이 끝난 후 이 함체(1)를 반력으로 하여 도달부측 함체(1')는 칼날부(3)의 굴삭·배토를 행하고, 견인잭(6)을 작동하여 PC강선(4)을 긴장시켜 견인·전진시키며, 상기와 같이 함체(1)와 도달부측 함체(1')를 번갈아 굴진시키고, 지중에서 마주치면 쌍방의 칼날부(3)를 철거하여 합체시킨다.In the third embodiment of Fig. 8, after the excavation of the enclosure 1 on the oscillation part 7 side is completed, the enclosure 1 on the reaching part side 1 receives the excavation and excavation of the blade part 3 with the reaction force of the enclosure 1 as the reaction force. And tow and advance the PC steel wire 4 by actuating the towing jack 6, and alternately excavating the enclosure 1 and the reach-side enclosure 1 'as described above. The part 3 is demolished and coalesced.
도 8중 25는 간격 조정용 스트럿이다.25 in FIG. 8 is a spacing adjustment strut.
또한 상기 제 2실시예, 제 3실시예 공히 함체(1)나 도달부측 함체(1')는 상기 제 1실시예와 마찬가지로 다수(3개이상)의 콘크리트함체를 나열하고, 이 함체사이에 추진잭을 배치하는 무한자주전진공법으로 해도 좋다.In addition, in the second embodiment and the third embodiment, the enclosure 1 or the reach-side enclosure 1 ', like the first embodiment, arranges a plurality (more than three) of concrete enclosures, and propels between the enclosures. It is good also as an infinite self-vacuum vacuum method which arranges a jack.
이상 설명한 것과 같이 본 발명의 터널의 구축방법은 소음, 진동이 거의 발생치 않게 할 수 있고 함체의 전진방향의 칼날부의 전방에 토유판을 배치하여 붕괴를 방지하고 견인부재의 파단방지도 행할 수 있는 효과가 있는 것이다.As described above, the tunnel construction method of the present invention can make noise and vibration hardly occur and can prevent the collapse and prevent breakage of the traction member by arranging an oil plate in front of the blade portion in the forward direction of the enclosure. It works.
도 1은 터널 구축방법의 공지예를 도시하는 종단측면도.1 is a longitudinal side view showing a known example of a tunnel construction method;
도 2는 도 1의 A-A선 단면도.2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG.
도 3은 B-B선 단면도.3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B.
도 4는 도 1에서 사용하는 추진잭의 유압회로도.4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of the propulsion jack used in FIG.
도 5는 본 발명 터널의 구축방법의 제 1실시예를 도시하는 종단측면도.Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing the first embodiment of the tunnel construction method of the present invention.
도 6은 도 5의 C-C선 단면도.6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of FIG.
도 7은 본 발명 터널의 구축방법의 제 2실시예를 도시하는 종단측면도.Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing the second embodiment of the method for constructing a tunnel of the present invention.
도 8은 본 발명 터널의 구축방법의 제 3실시예를 도시하는 종단측면도.Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing the third embodiment of the method for constructing a tunnel of the present invention;
도 9는 종래의 견인공법의 개략을 도시하는 종단측면도.9 is a longitudinal side view showing an outline of a conventional traction method;
※도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명※※ Explanation of symbols about main part of drawing ※
1,: 함체 2: 추진잭1, enclosure 2: propulsion jack
3: 칼날부 4: PC강선3: blade 4: PC steel wire
5: 정착구 6: 견인잭5: anchorage 6: tow jack
7: 발진부 8: 도달부7: oscillation part 8: reaching part
10: 철도선로 11: 추진잭 출구10: railway line 11: propulsion jack exit
12: 추진잭 복귀구 13: 유압펌프12: Propulsion Jack Return Port 13: Hydraulic Pump
14: 유압펌프 복귀구 15: 유압펌프 출구14: hydraulic pump return port 15: hydraulic pump outlet
16: 바이패스회로 17: 바이패스밸브16: bypass circuit 17: bypass valve
18: 반력체 19: 루프용 통체18: reaction body 19: cylinder for the loop
20: 프릭션커터 21: 멈춤부재20: friction cutter 21: stop member
22: 소형잭 23: 토유판용 잭22: small jack 23: jack for oil plate
24: 토유판 25: 스트럿24: oil plate 25: strut
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| KR100959411B1 (en) | 2010-02-22 | 2010-05-24 | (주)청석엔지니어링 | Method for constructing arch structure of movable girder and arch structhre constructed by this method |
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| KR100800028B1 (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2008-01-31 | 주식회사 특수건설 | Method for constructing a tunnel using front jacking construction method |
| KR102522212B1 (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2023-04-14 | 현대건설(주) | Reaction force apparatus using anchor in TBM |
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| JPH07180476A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-07-18 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Shield machine |
| JPH1193573A (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-04-06 | Japan Drilling Co Ltd | Hole widening method of underground excavation hole |
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1999
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| US4052107A (en) * | 1975-04-08 | 1977-10-04 | The Secretary Of State For Industry In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Hydraulic hammers hydraulically driven impactor |
| JPS5463904U (en) * | 1977-10-14 | 1979-05-07 | ||
| US4322180A (en) * | 1979-03-13 | 1982-03-30 | Koichi Uemura | Method and apparatus for advancing cylindrical bodies underground |
| JPS5731395U (en) * | 1980-07-29 | 1982-02-18 | ||
| US4352594A (en) * | 1980-08-25 | 1982-10-05 | Koichi Uemura | Method and apparatus for constructing underground structure |
| JPS57174597U (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1982-11-04 | ||
| JPH0254093A (en) * | 1988-08-18 | 1990-02-23 | Shimizu Corp | Shield excavator |
| JPH06158987A (en) * | 1992-11-19 | 1994-06-07 | Uemura Giken Kogyo Kk | Method of advancing underground caisson body for method of propulsive construction |
| JPH07180476A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-07-18 | Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd | Shield machine |
| JPH1193573A (en) * | 1997-09-17 | 1999-04-06 | Japan Drilling Co Ltd | Hole widening method of underground excavation hole |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100959411B1 (en) | 2010-02-22 | 2010-05-24 | (주)청석엔지니어링 | Method for constructing arch structure of movable girder and arch structhre constructed by this method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20010045730A (en) | 2001-06-05 |
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