KR102488894B1 - System for heating rod control in the root of crops and method of environmental conditions control using it - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a control system for crop root zone heating rods and an environment condition control method using the same. The control system for crop root zone heating rods, according to the present invention, comprises: heating rods installed on a root zone of a crop to be spaced apart from each other at regular intervals and each including a heating element installed inside thereof; a sensor unit which is installed in a crop growth space and includes a temperature sensor measuring a temperature at a current time point and a humidity sensor measuring the relative humidity at a current time point; and a control device which calculates a water vapor pressure difference by using the current temperature and current relative humidity obtained from the sensor unit and controls a heating temperature of the heating rods by comparing the calculated water vapor pressure difference with a preset value. According to the present invention, a heating rod that generates heat is inserted into a root zone between crops to heat roots of the crops so that the heating rods can be installed by varying the number of heating rods according to the required temperature and humidity for each crop, and since the heating temperature is controlled according to the temperature and humidity of the inside of the ground, the ground temperature can be maintained in an appropriate state.

Description

Crop root zone heating rod control system and environmental condition control method using the same {System for heating rod control in the root of crops and method of environmental conditions control using it}

The present invention relates to a control system for a heating rod in the root zone of a crop and a method for controlling environmental conditions using the same, and more particularly, by inserting a heating rod in the root zone of a crop and raising the ground temperature using the heating rod to improve nutrient absorption of crops. It relates to a crop rhizosphere heating rod control system that can increase quality and productivity by promoting and a method for controlling environmental conditions using the same.

The crops we cultivate are largely divided into the aboveground part (stem part) and the rhizosphere part (root). The above-ground and rhizospheres are very independent and have a very deep light-leaning property. As we deepen our understanding of crops and soils, the most difficult yet important part is the root zone.

The root zone, which must absorb enough nutrients necessary for crop growth, is the most important for crop growth. To elaborate, the most important thing in the rhizosphere is the condition of the soil. The condition of the soil has the greatest influence on the growth activity of the root. It is important to manage the roots, such as maintaining the moisture content of the soil around the roots, in order to grow crops resistant to diseases and pests and to increase the marketability and yield of crops.

On the other hand, root heating according to the low temperature period is very important in the cultivation of crops in the greenhouse.

Conventionally, root heating was partially performed by using a boiler or using a hot wire. However, the heating method using a boiler or heating wire can be used in a small area, but it is difficult to apply to a large area, and installation and maintenance are complicated, so there is a problem in that high operating costs are required. In addition, since most of the heaters are used to heat the entire greenhouse, energy consumption is high, which is the biggest factor in increasing production costs.

The background technology of the present invention is disclosed in Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1911732 (2018.10.25. Notice).

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to insert a heating rod into the root zone of the crop and raise the ground temperature using the heating rod, thereby promoting the absorption of nutrients in the crop, thereby increasing the quality and productivity of the crop root zone heating rod control system. And it is an object to provide an environmental condition control method using the same.

The crop root zone heating rod control system according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving this technical problem is installed at regular intervals in the root zone of the crop, the heating rod with a heating element installed inside, and installed in the crop growth space, Calculate a water vapor pressure difference using a sensor unit including a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature at the current point in time and a humidity sensor for measuring the relative humidity at the current point in time, and the current temperature and current relative humidity obtained from the sensor unit , and a control device for controlling the heating temperature of the heating rod by comparing the calculated water vapor pressure difference with a preset value.

The heating rod is formed in the shape of a cylinder, but is formed in a shape tapering inward toward the lower end, and a coil-shaped heating element may be incorporated.

A connecting rod may be additionally installed at the top of the heating rod according to the height of the planted crop.

The control device includes a receiving unit that receives current temperature and current relative humidity measured at a current point in time from a temperature sensor and humidity sensor installed in a crop growing space, and a calculation unit that calculates a water vapor pressure difference using the received current temperature and current relative humidity. and a controller for controlling the heating temperature of the heating rod by comparing the calculated vapor pressure difference with the preset vapor pressure difference.

The calculation unit may calculate the vapor pressure difference (Vapor Pressure Deficit, VPD) using the following equation.

Here, T is the current temperature and RH is the current state humidity.

The control unit increases the heating temperature of the heating rod when the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) is less than a first reference value, and when the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) is greater than or equal to the first reference value and less than or equal to the second reference value, the current When the heating temperature of the heating rod is maintained and the calculated water vapor pressure difference (VPD) exceeds the second reference value, the heating temperature of the heating rod may be reduced.

The control unit, when the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) is less than the first reference value, additionally increases the spray amount of the spray device installed on one side of the crop growth space, and when the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) exceeds the second reference value , it is possible to additionally reduce the spray amount of the spray device.

The first reference value may be 0.5 kPa, and the second reference value may be 0.7 kPa.

In addition, in the environmental condition control method of the crop root zone heating rod control system according to an embodiment of the present invention, the step of receiving the current temperature and current relative humidity measured at the current point in time from the temperature sensor and humidity sensor installed in the crop growing space Calculating the water vapor pressure difference using the received current temperature and current relative humidity, and comparing the calculated water vapor pressure difference with the preset water vapor pressure difference to control the heating temperature of the heating rods installed at regular intervals between the root zones of the crop Include steps.

As described above, according to the present invention, by inserting a heating rod generating heat into the root zone between crops and performing root zone heating, the number of heating rods can be installed differently according to the temperature and humidity required for each crop, and the temperature in the ground and Since the heating temperature can be controlled according to the humidity, the ground temperature can be maintained in an appropriate state.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the tip of the heating rod can be formed sharply and installed in a way that is inserted into the ground like a stake, the work is easy, the heating space can be reduced, and the temperature and humidity of the ground are adjusted according to the constant constant Since the temperature can be maintained, the absorption of nutrients can be promoted to increase quality and productivity.

1 is a diagram for explaining a control system for a heating rod control system for a root zone of a crop according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the heating rod of FIG. 1 .
3 is an exemplary view showing a state in which the heating rod of FIG. 1 is installed.
Figure 4 is a configuration diagram of the control device shown in Figure 1;
5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling environmental conditions of a plant root zone heating rod control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a schematic view of a heating rod according to another embodiment of the present invention.
7 is an exemplary view showing a state in which a plurality of heating rods of FIG. 6 are connected.
8 is a live view showing a state in which the heating rod of FIG. 6 is installed.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this process, the thickness of lines or the size of components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of description.

In addition, terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to the intention or custom of a user or operator. Therefore, definitions of these terms will have to be made based on the content throughout this specification.

Hereinafter, the crop root zone heating rod control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail using FIGS. 1 to 4.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a control system for a heating rod in the root zone of a crop according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the heating rod of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a state in which the heating rod of FIG. 1 is installed. It is an example diagram showing.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the crop root zone heating rod control system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a heating rod 100 , a sensor unit 200 and a control device 300 .

First, the heating rod 100 is installed on one side of the root zone of the crop to imagine the ground temperature. To elaborate, as shown in FIG. 2, the heating rod 100 is formed in a cylindrical shape, but is formed in a tapered shape toward the lower side and is installed in a form embedded in the ground.

In addition, the heating rod 100 generates heat using the heating element 110 in the form of a coil inserted inside, and the heating temperature is increased or decreased according to the control device 300 to be described later.

On the other hand, the heating rod 100 is installed in the ground and is preferably connected to an insulation device (not shown) to prevent power failure or electric shock caused by water supplied to cultivated crops.

Here, the insulation device reduces leakage current leaking from the heating rod 100 to the outside when the heating rod 100 is submerged by using a neutral point grounding method in the single-phase, two-wire low voltage distribution method. That is, the insulator prevents leakage current from being generated by submerging the plus and minus terminals connected to the heating rod 100 within a predetermined time difference, and prevents the earth leakage breaker from shutting off.

However, since the isolator is a known technology, a detailed description of sub-components included in the isolator will be omitted in the embodiment of the present invention.

In addition, the heating rod 100 is installed between crops to be cultivated. At this time, in order to maintain a constant distance between the heating rod 100 and the crop, the distance spacing element 120 may be inserted and installed on the upper side of the heating rod 100.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , when a crop to be planted, such as red pepper, is tall, a connecting rod 130 may be additionally connected to an upper end of the heating rod 100 . At this time, the heating rod 100 and the connecting rod 130 may be coupled by a screw type or connected and fixed by a separate coupling device, and it is preferable that the heating element 131 is also installed inside the connecting rod 130. .

Then, the sensor unit 200 includes a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor. To elaborate, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are installed in the crop growing space, the temperature sensor measures the current temperature inside the crop growing space, and the humidity sensor measures the current relative humidity inside the crop growing space.

Then, the sensor unit 200 transmits the measured current temperature or relative humidity to the controller 300 to be described later.

Finally, the controller 300 calculates a vapor pressure deficit (VPD) using the current temperature or relative humidity transmitted from the sensor unit 200 . Then, the control device 300 sets a reference value for the vapor pressure difference (VPD), compares the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) with the set vapor pressure difference (VPD), and heats the heating rod 100 according to the comparison result. Control the temperature.

Hereinafter, the control device 300 shown in FIG. 1 will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4 .

Figure 4 is a configuration diagram of the control device shown in Figure 1;

As shown in FIG. 4 , the control device 300 includes a receiving unit 310 , a calculating unit 320 and a control unit 330 .

First, the receiving unit 310 receives the temperature or relative humidity measured at the current point in time. In other words, the receiving unit 310 receives the temperature inside the crop growing space measured at the current point in time through the temperature sensor. Also, the receiving unit 310 receives the relative humidity inside the crop growing space measured at the present time through the humidity sensor.

Then, the calculation unit 320 calculates the water vapor pressure difference (VPD) using the received current temperature and relative humidity.

Finally, the control unit 330 sets a reference value for the vapor pressure difference (VPD). Then, the controller 330 compares the vapor pressure difference (VPD) calculated by the calculator 320 with a preset reference value. And, the control unit 330

And, according to the comparison result, the control unit 330 increases or decreases the heating temperature of the heating rod 100 . On the other hand, the control unit 330 may additionally control the spray amount of the spray device as needed.

Hereinafter, a method for controlling environmental conditions using a plant root zone heating rod control system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 5 .

5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling environmental conditions of a plant root zone heating rod control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the control device 300 of the plant rhizosphere heating rod control system according to the embodiment of the present invention receives the temperature and relative humidity measured at the current point in time from the sensor unit 200 (S510). .

First, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are respectively installed inside a crop growing space such as a vinyl house. The temperature sensor measures the internal temperature of the crop growing space in real time, and the humidity sensor measures the relative humidity.

Also, the receiving unit 310 receives the current temperature and the current relative humidity measured by the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, respectively.

When step S510 is completed, the calculator 320 calculates the vapor pressure difference (VPD) using Equation 1 below (S520).

여기서, T는 현재 온도이고, RH는 현재 상태습도이며, e는 지수함수를 나타낸다.

Here, T is the current temperature, RH is the current state humidity, and e represents an exponential function.

delete

To elaborate, the water vapor pressure differential (VPD) is one of the major environmental factors affecting not only stomatal function and photosynthesis, but also crop growth. In greenhouse cultivation such as a vinyl house, the temperature and relative humidity inside the crop growing space are controlled by turning on/off a separate evaporation system or opening and closing the roof window. In addition, variations in the water vapor pressure difference (VPD) occur according to temperature and relative humidity control.

Therefore, in an embodiment of the present invention, the water vapor pressure difference (VPD) is obtained by substituting the temperature and relative humidity measured at the present time into Equation 1 above.

Next, the control unit 330 compares the water vapor pressure difference (VPD) calculated by Equation 1 with the preset water vapor pressure difference (VPD) (S530).

To elaborate, the control unit 330 presets a vapor pressure difference (VPD) appropriate for growing crops. That is, the controller 330 sets 0.5 kPa to 0.7 kPa as the reference value of the water vapor pressure difference (VPD).

The reference value of the water vapor pressure difference (VPD) according to the embodiment of the present invention is set to 0.5 kPa to 0.7 kPa, but is not limited thereto. Depending on the type of crop to be cultivated, transpiration rate, surrounding environment, etc., the reference value of the water vapor pressure difference (VPD) may be set differently.

As a result of the comparison, if the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) is greater than or equal to 0.5 kPa and less than or equal to 0.7 kPa, the control unit 330 maintains the current heating temperature of the heating rod 100 (S540).

And, as a result of the comparison, if the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) is less than 0.5 kPa, the control unit 330 increases the heating temperature of the heating rod 100 (S550).

Finally, as a result of the comparison, when the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) exceeds 0.7 kPa, the control unit 330 reduces the heating temperature of the heating rod 100 (S560).

On the other hand, as described above, the water vapor pressure difference (VPD) is also affected by relative humidity. Therefore, the control unit 330 additionally controls the spray amount of a spray device (not shown) installed on one side of the crop growing space.

In other words, as shown in FIG. 5 , when the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) is less than 0.5 kPa, the control unit 330 increases the heating temperature of the heating rod 100 and additionally increases the spray amount of the spray device.

In addition, when the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) exceeds 0.7 kPa, the control unit 330 reduces the heating temperature of the heating rod 100 and additionally reduces the spray amount of the spraying device.

That is, the control device 300 according to the embodiment of the present invention can control the heating temperature of the heating rod 100 to adjust the vapor pressure difference (VPD), and, if necessary, the heating temperature of the heating rod 100 and the spray temperature. The vapor pressure difference (VPD) is controlled by simultaneously controlling the spray amount of the device.

As described above, the plant root zone heating rod control system according to the present invention is to heat the root zone by inserting a heating rod generating heat into the root zone between crops, and the number of heating rods can be installed differently according to the temperature and humidity required for each crop. And since the heating temperature can be controlled according to the temperature and humidity in the ground, the ground temperature can be maintained in an appropriate state.

In addition, the plant root zone heating rod control system according to the present invention can be installed by forming the tip of the heating rod into a sharp shape and inserting it into the ground like a stake, so the work is easy, the heating space can be reduced, and the temperature of the ground and humidity, so that a constant temperature can be maintained at all times, nutrient absorption can be promoted to improve quality and productivity.

Hereinafter, a heating rod according to another embodiment of the present invention will be additionally described using FIGS. 6 to 8 .

6 is a view schematically showing a heating rod according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is an exemplary view showing a state in which a plurality of heating rods of FIG. 6 are connected, and FIG. 8 is a view showing the heating rod of FIG. 6 It is an actual diagram showing the installed state.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the heating rod in the above-described embodiment of the present invention is formed in a cylindrical shape and installed on one side of the crop to be planted. This is an example, and the shape of the heating rod may be formed in a “T-shape” as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 .

To explain this again, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper side of the heating rod 600, which is formed in a cylindrical shape and includes a coil-shaped heating element inside, has a "T-shaped" wave for convenient grip by the user. A branch 610 may be further included.

At this time, it is preferable that the gripping part 610 is injection-molded with an insulating product such as plastic.

And, as shown in FIG. 7 , the heating rod 600 and other heating rods 600 may be connected by wires, and the wires are installed through both sides of the gripping part 610 . When the plurality of heating rods 600 are connected by wires, as shown in FIG. 8 , the plurality of heating rods 600 are installed between crops to be grown to increase the temperature of the ground.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, this is only exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. will be. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the claims below.

100: heating rod
110: heating element
120: distance interval element
130: connecting rod
131: heating element
200: sensor unit
300: control device
310: receiver
320: calculation unit
330: control unit

Claims (15)

It is installed at regular intervals in the root zone of crops, and is formed in the form of a cylinder, tapered inward toward the lower end, and a T-shaped gripping part is formed on the upper side, penetrating both sides of the gripping part A heating rod that connects the connecting rod and other connecting rods using a wire to raise the temperature of the ground using a coil-type heating element built inside,
A sensor unit installed in the crop growing space and including a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature at the current time and a humidity sensor for measuring the relative humidity at the current time, and
A control device for calculating a water vapor pressure difference using the current temperature and current relative humidity obtained from the sensor unit, and controlling the heating temperature of the heating rod by comparing the calculated water vapor pressure difference with a preset value,
The control device,
A receiver for receiving the current temperature and current relative humidity measured at the current point in time from the temperature sensor and humidity sensor installed in the crop growing space;
A calculation unit for calculating the water vapor pressure difference by substituting the received current temperature and current relative humidity into the following equation, and

(Where T is the current temperature, RH is the current state humidity, and e represents an exponential function.)
Crop root zone heating rod control system comprising a control unit for controlling the heating temperature of the heating rod by comparing the calculated water vapor pressure difference with the preset steam pressure difference. delete According to claim 1,
The heating rod,
Crop root zone heating rod control system that additionally installs a connecting rod at the top according to the height of the planted crop. delete delete According to claim 1,
The control unit,
When the calculated water vapor pressure difference (VPD) is less than a first reference value, increasing the exothermic temperature of the heating rod;
When the calculated water vapor pressure difference (VPD) is greater than or equal to the first reference value and less than or equal to the second reference value, the current heating temperature of the heating rod is maintained,
When the calculated water vapor pressure difference (VPD) exceeds the second reference value, the crop root zone heating rod control system for reducing the heating temperature of the heating rod. According to claim 6,
The control unit,
If the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) is less than the first reference value, the spray amount of the spraying device installed on one side of the crop growth space is additionally increased,
When the calculated water vapor pressure difference (VPD) exceeds the second reference value, the crop root zone heating rod control system for additionally reducing the spray amount of the spray device. According to claim 6,
The first reference value is 0.5 kPa, and the second reference value is 0.7 kPa. In the environmental condition control method of the crop root zone heating rod control system,
Receiving a current temperature and a current relative humidity measured at a current point in time from a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor installed in a crop growing space;
Calculating a water vapor pressure difference by substituting the received current temperature and current relative humidity into the following equation, and

(Where T is the current temperature, RH is the current state humidity, and e represents an exponential function.)
A method for controlling environmental conditions comprising the step of controlling the heating temperature of heating rods installed at regular intervals between root zones of crops by comparing the calculated water vapor pressure difference with a preset water vapor pressure difference. According to claim 9,
The heating rod,
A method for controlling environmental conditions in which it is formed in a cylindrical shape and tapered inward toward the lower end, and a coil-shaped heating element is embedded. According to claim 10,
The heating rod,
A method of controlling environmental conditions in which connecting rods are additionally installed at the top according to the height of planted crops. delete According to claim 9,
The step of controlling the heating temperature of the heating rod,
When the calculated water vapor pressure difference (VPD) is less than a first reference value, increasing the exothermic temperature of the heating rod;
When the calculated water vapor pressure difference (VPD) is greater than or equal to the first reference value and less than or equal to the second reference value, the current heating temperature of the heating rod is maintained,
Environmental condition control method of reducing the heating temperature of the heating rod when the calculated water vapor pressure difference (VPD) exceeds a second reference value. According to claim 13,
If the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) is less than the first reference value, the spray amount of the spray device installed on one side of the crop growth space is additionally increased,
Environmental condition control method of additionally reducing the spray amount of the spray device when the calculated vapor pressure difference (VPD) exceeds the second reference value. According to claim 13,
The first reference value is 0.5 kPa, and the second reference value is 0.7 kPa.

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