KR102479103B1 - Antenna apparatus for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a vehicle antenna device, and the vehicle antenna device according to the present invention is a vehicle antenna device, comprising: a first antenna connected to a signal processing board; and a second antenna connected to the signal processing substrate through the first antenna and operating in a frequency band different from that of the first antenna, wherein the first antenna is detachably fixed to one end of the second antenna. a first emitter; a second radiator operating as a dipole antenna together with the first radiator; and a third radiator controlling beam patterns emitted from the first radiator and the second radiator.

Description

Vehicle antenna device {Antenna apparatus for vehicle}

The present invention relates to a vehicle antenna device, and more particularly, to a vehicle antenna device optimized for vehicle communication (Vehicle to Everything, hereinafter V2X) by forming an optimal radiation pattern in a horizontal direction.

Recently, autonomous vehicle driving has emerged as a social issue. It is based on the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), which uses WAVE frequencies to communicate between vehicles (V2V) and between vehicles and roadside infrastructure (V2I) to respond to unexpected situations. It is an advanced technology that can minimize traffic accidents by coping with it. In addition, it is based on V2X communication technology or V2X communication system. Depending on the application service, the V2X communication system has the advantage of contributing to the prevention of traffic accidents, such as forward dangerous object detection, traffic control, emergency vehicle crossing without stopping, intersection blind spot accident prevention, and two-wheeled vehicle approach detection in advance.

On the other hand, in order for V2X communication between vehicles to be smooth, it is essential to achieve optimum radiation in the front and rear directions of the vehicle, that is, on the horizontal plane.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional vehicle antenna device.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the vehicle antenna device 10 includes a base 11, a signal processing board 13, an antenna unit 15, and a case 17.

The base 11 is located at the bottom of the vehicle antenna device 10 and has a plate shape as a whole, and its lower surface is coupled to the outer panel of the vehicle, and the signal processing substrate 13 and the antenna unit 15 are formed on the upper side. is installed According to one embodiment, the base 11 and the case 17 are combined to form a shark fin structure, and air resistance and wind noise generated when the vehicle is moving can be reduced. The base 11 and the case 17 may be coupled in various ways, and may be coupled using, for example, bolts and nuts.

The signal processing substrate 13 is coupled to one surface of the base 11 and processes a signal received through the antenna unit 15 . For example, a signal of a desired frequency band is filtered with a band pass filter to remove noise and amplify to a required level. On one surface of the signal processing substrate 13, circuit wiring may be formed by connecting various antenna components, a fixing device capable of fixing the antenna components, a screw groove coupled to the case 17, and an antenna component.

The antenna unit 15 is located inside the vehicle antenna device 10 so as to maximize radiation characteristics and efficiency of the antenna, and can transmit and receive various signals. The antenna unit 15 includes a GNSS antenna 151, an SXM antenna 153, and a communication antenna 155. The GNSS antenna 151 and the SXM antenna 153 are patch antennas, and the communication antenna 155 is a coil-type monopole antenna that receives communication signals such as FM/AM signals and LTE.

The case 17 is combined with the base 11 to accommodate the signal processing substrate 13 and the antenna unit 15 in an internal accommodating space. In addition, the case 17 has a dome shape with an open bottom and a hollow inside, and has a height of a predetermined length or more to accommodate components such as the antenna unit 15 therein.

As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional vehicle antenna device is implemented in the form of a shark fin. A shark pin type vehicle antenna device utilizes a vehicle roof as a GND. However, this shark pin type vehicle antenna device has a problem in that radiation in a horizontal plane suitable for vehicle-to-vehicle communication is not smooth due to the influence of the vehicle roof. . In addition, the conventional vehicle antenna device includes a plurality of antennas, and when a V2X antenna for supporting vehicle-to-vehicle V2X communication needs to be added, the size of the vehicle antenna device increases. This goes against the recent miniaturization trend.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 20-2014-0005050 "Antenna device"

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, and provides a vehicle antenna device that can easily secure an effective communication distance due to high front and rear radiation efficiency of vehicles in vehicle-to-vehicle communication.

According to one aspect, a vehicle antenna device includes a first antenna connected to a signal processing substrate; and a second antenna connected to the signal processing substrate through the first antenna and operating in a frequency band different from that of the first antenna, wherein the first antenna is detachably fixed to one end of the second antenna. a first emitter; a second radiator operating as a dipole antenna together with the first radiator; and a third radiator controlling beam patterns emitted from the first radiator and the second radiator.

The third radiator includes a support extending in a vertical direction of the signal processing substrate, and the third radiator is vertically coupled to the support to both sides or one side of a direction in which the first and second radiators are arranged. can be located in

The third radiator may include an electrical length corresponding to a value obtained by multiplying 0.92 by 1/4 of a signal wavelength emitted from the first and second radiators.

The signal wavelength may be configured within a range of 0.17m to 0.28m.

The third radiator is formed to extend in a vertical direction of the signal processing substrate and may be positioned on both sides or one side of an area where the first radiator and the second radiator are adjacent to each other.

The third radiator may be spaced apart from each other by a distance corresponding to 1/4 times the wavelength of a signal emitted from the first and second radiators.

When the second antenna is attached to or detached from the first radiator by pressing the second antenna, the first radiator is elastically deformed and elastically coupled to one end of the second antenna.

The first radiator may be configured in a socket shape corresponding to a ball shape of one end of the second antenna to be elastically coupled to the second antenna, and an entry diameter of the socket shape may be smaller than a diameter of the ball shape.

The first radiator is a metal plate made of a conductive material, and one end thereof is electrically connected to the power supply unit, the other end thereof is electrically open, and a central portion thereof is bent to have a socket shape in cross section.

The first radiator is a hexahedron made of a conductive material, and has an opening formed on an upper side surface and an insertion groove embedded therein. The entry diameter of the opening is smaller than the ball-shaped diameter of one end of the second antenna, The groove may have a socket shape corresponding to a ball shape of one end of the second antenna.

The first radiator may include a base portion; and a pair of extension portions extending from the base portion and having convex portions facing each other.

The pair of extensions may be spaced apart at a predetermined interval and configured to be elastically deformable.

The second radiator has one end electrically connected to the power supply unit and the other end electrically open, and may be configured in a folded shape.

The first radiator and the second radiator may be spaced apart from each other by a distance corresponding to 1/10 times a wavelength of a signal emitted from the first radiator and the second radiator.

The signal wavelength may be configured within a range of 0.075m to 0.155m.

According to an embodiment, it is possible to smoothly perform inter-vehicle communication by increasing directivity in the forward and backward horizontal directions of the vehicle.

According to one embodiment, it is possible to overcome the spatial limitation of a vehicle antenna and provide a V2X communication function to a vehicle without adding an independent port and antenna.

According to an embodiment, V2X services (leisure services, driving patterns, real-time traffic information, and vehicle services including safety-related information) can be provided to vehicles and pedestrians that transmit and receive V2X communication signals, and safety-related to drivers and pedestrians. Accidents can be prevented by providing information.

1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional vehicle antenna device.
2 is a partially exploded perspective view of a vehicle antenna device according to an embodiment.
3 is an enlarged view showing in detail the overall structure of the V2X antenna of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the third radiator of FIG. 3 .
5 is a diagram explaining the electrical configuration of the V2X antenna of FIG. 3.
6 is a diagram illustrating a preferred arrangement between components of the V2X antenna of FIG. 3.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing radiation efficiency according to an electrical length (L) of the third radiator of FIG. 6 .
FIG. 8 is a graph showing radiation efficiency according to a distance A between the first and second radiators of FIG. 6 .
FIG. 9 is a view showing an embodiment of a shape of a first radiator of FIG. 3 .
FIG. 10 is a view showing another embodiment of the shape of the first radiator of FIG. 3 .
FIG. 11 is a view showing another embodiment of the shape of the first radiator of FIG. 3 .
12 is a diagram showing a beam pattern radiated from a V2X antenna according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following examples. This embodiment is provided to more completely explain the present invention to those skilled in the art. In addition, although specific terms have been used in the drawings and specifications of the present invention, they are only used for the purpose of describing the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention described in the meaning or claims. Therefore, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

Then, with reference to the drawings, the vehicle antenna device of the present invention will be described in detail.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the vehicle antenna device 20 includes a base 21, a signal processing substrate 23, an antenna unit 25, and a case 27.

The base 21 is located on the bottom of the vehicle antenna device 20 and has a plate shape as a whole. is installed According to one embodiment, the base 21 and the case 27 are combined to form a shark fin structure, and air resistance and wind noise generated when the vehicle is moving can be reduced. The base 21 and the case 27 may be coupled in various ways, and may be coupled using, for example, bolts and nuts.

The signal processing substrate 23 is coupled to one surface of the base 21 and processes a signal received through the antenna unit 25 . For example, a signal of a desired frequency band is filtered with a band pass filter to remove noise and amplify to a required level. Circuit wiring may be formed on one surface of the signal processing substrate 23 by connecting various antenna components, a fixing device capable of fixing the antenna components, a screw groove coupled to the case 27, and an antenna component. For example, the signal processing board 23 may be configured in the form of a printed circuit board (PCB).

The antenna unit 25 is located inside the vehicle antenna device 20 to maximize radiation characteristics and efficiency of the antenna and transmits and receives various signals. The antenna unit 25 includes a GNSS antenna 251, an SXM antenna 253, a communication antenna 255 and a V2X antenna 257.

The GNSS antenna 251 may receive a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal. The GNSS antenna 251 includes antennas capable of receiving satellite frequencies of GPS (USA), GLONASS (Russia), and Galileo (Europe), so that precise location services can be provided anywhere in the world.

The SXM antenna 253 may receive an SXM signal for North American satellite multimedia service. The GNSS antenna 251 and the SXM antenna 253 are installed on the ground plane of the signal processing board 23, and dielectric and antenna patches are sequentially stacked. That is, the GNSS antenna 251 and the SXM antenna 253 may be formed as a general patch antenna type.

The communication antenna 255 may receive AM/FM radio signals and communication signals such as LTE. The communication antenna 255 is a monopole type antenna and includes two helical coils, but the two coils have different pitches. Here, the pitch means the interval between the two windings of the coil, and each region having a different pitch has different frequency band characteristics. However, it is not limited thereto, and the pitch of one helical coil in the longitudinal direction may be different.

One end of the communication antenna 255 may include a coupler 255a. The coupler 255a is not directly connected to the signal processing substrate 23, but is indirectly connected to the signal processing substrate 23 via the V2X antenna 257.

The V2X antenna 257 receives a V2X signal for vehicle-to-vehicle communication. The V2X antenna 257 transmits and receives a V2X signal and simultaneously connects the communication antenna 255 to the signal processing board 23 . To this end, the V2X antenna 257 may include a fixing structure in which a coupling portion 255a formed at one end of the communication antenna 255 is detachably inserted and fixed.

According to one embodiment, the V2X antenna 257 may perform V2X communication using a WAVE frequency. Here, WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment) frequency uses 5.8 GHz to 5.9 GHz, so it is excellent in straightness with a short wavelength and it is easy to secure an effective communication distance when optimized in the horizontal direction of vehicle progress. In addition, V2X communication includes vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), and vehicle-to-mobile devices (V2N). communication can be distinguished. Accordingly, a vehicle including the V2X antenna 257 may realize an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) that receives wireless data from inside/outside and provides a driver-centered service.

According to another embodiment, the V2X antenna 257 may transmit and receive radio signals (AM / FM), broadcast signals (DMB, DAB, SXM, etc.), communication signals (3G, 4G, LTE), and the like.

The case 27 is combined with the base 21 to accommodate the signal processing substrate 23 and the antenna unit 25 in an internal accommodating space. According to one embodiment, the case 27 has a dome shape with an open bottom and an empty interior, and has a height of a certain length or more to accommodate components such as the antenna unit 25 therein.

3 is an enlarged view showing the entire structure of the V2X antenna of FIG. 2 in detail, and FIG. 4 is a view showing another embodiment of the third radiator of FIG.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the V2X antenna 257 may include a first radiator 31, a second radiator 33, a power supply unit 35, and a third radiator 37.

According to one embodiment, the V2X antenna 257 has electrical characteristics corresponding to a dipole antenna. That is, the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 operate as radiators that transmit and receive RF signals, and the sum of electrical lengths of the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 is the RF signal wavelength ( corresponds to half of λ).

The V2X antenna 257 may perform a connector function of connecting an antenna operating in a different frequency band to the signal processing substrate 23. In this embodiment, referring to FIGS. 2 and 3 , the antenna connected to the signal processing board 23 through the V2X antenna 257 is the communication antenna 255 .

The first radiator 31 may detachably fix the coupling portion 255a formed at one end of the communication antenna 255 . That is, when the communication antenna 255 is attached or detached from the first radiator 31 by pressing, the first radiator 31 is elastically deformed and can be elastically coupled to the coupler 255a formed at one end of the communication antenna 255.

The second radiator 33 may operate as a radiator that radiates an RF signal supplied with the first radiator 31 and receives an RF signal transmitted from the outside. According to an embodiment, the second radiator 33 may operate as a dipole antenna together with the first radiator 31 .

The power supply unit 35 provides a power supply signal and a ground voltage to the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 .

The third radiator 37 can increase antenna gain in the front and rear directions of the vehicle by controlling beam patterns emitted from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33, and may also be referred to as a parasitic element. When directivity is increased in the front and rear directions of the vehicle by the control of the third radiator 37, vehicle-to-vehicle communication can be smoothly performed.

Referring to FIG. 3 , according to an embodiment, the third radiator 37 may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval on both sides or one side of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged. there is. Here, both sides of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged refer to, for example, the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 in an arbitrary direction (ex, Y-axis). As shown in FIG. 3, the third radiator ( 37) can be realized as the area where it is located. In addition, one side of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged may be implemented as a partial area of both sides, that is, a right area or a left area.

The third radiator 37 according to an embodiment is supported by the support 37a, and the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 31 and the second radiator 37 are disposed on both sides of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged. It may be positioned to extend in the longitudinal direction parallel to the radiator 33 . When viewed from the upper side of FIG. 3 (direction A in FIG. 3 ), one end of the third radiator 37 does not reach the end of the first radiator 31, and the other end of the third radiator 37 is the second radiator ( 33), the entire length of the third radiator 37 may be implemented shorter than the length from the end of the first radiator 31 to the end of the second radiator 33, which will be described below in FIG. 6 are shown in detail. In addition, the third radiator 37 is supported by the support 37a so that the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are disposed on one side of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged. ) and may be positioned to extend in the longitudinal direction parallel to.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the support 37a according to an embodiment is formed to extend in a vertical direction from the signal processing substrate 23 and vertically supports the center portion of the third radiator 37 to support the third radiator 37a. Together with (37), it can be implemented in an alphabet 'T' shape as a whole. At this time, when viewed from the side of FIG. 3 (direction B in FIG. 3), the upper surface of the second radiator 33 by the third radiator 37, that is, the upper surface implemented from the 'a' shape to the 'ㅡ' shape ( 331) can be covered, and at this time, the height of the support 37a can be calculated so that the upper surface 331 can be covered. Here, the upper surface 331 of the second radiator 33 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5 below.

In addition, the support 37a may support the center portion of the third radiator 37 as shown in FIG. 3 , but is not limited thereto and may support an arbitrary portion of the third radiator 37 . Accordingly, it may be vertically coupled to one end or the other end of the third radiator 37 and implemented in an 'L' shape together with the third radiator 37 as a whole.

Referring to FIG. 4 , according to another embodiment, the third radiator 37 may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval on both sides or one side of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged. there is. Here, both sides of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged refer to, for example, the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 in an arbitrary direction (ex, Y-axis). As shown in FIG. 4, the third radiator ( 37) can be realized as the area where it is located. In addition, one side of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged may be implemented as a partial area of both sides, that is, a right area or a left area.

The third radiator 37 according to another embodiment is formed to extend in a vertical direction from the signal processing substrate 23, and both sides of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged, FIG. 4 Referring to , preferably, the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 may be located on both sides of an area in close proximity to each other. In this case, when viewed from the side of FIG. 4 (direction B of FIG. 4 ), the side surface of the first radiator 31 or the vertical surface of the second radiator 33 may be partially covered by the third radiator 37 . there is. Here, the side surface of the first radiator 31 is the support part 315, which will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 7, and the vertical surface of the second radiator 33 is a vertical surface 333 implemented in a 'ㅣ' shape from an 'A' shape. 5 will be described in detail below. In addition, the third radiator 37 is formed to extend in a vertical direction from the signal processing substrate 23 and is disposed on only one side of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged, see FIG. 4 . In this case, preferably, the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 may be located on only one side of both sides of an area in close proximity to each other.

In addition, the third radiator 37 according to another embodiment extends in a vertical direction from the signal processing substrate 23, and extends so that its upper end is located below the upper end of the first radiator 31, so that it is a third radiator. The length of the third radiator 37 may be calculated so that the height of (37) is lower than the height of the first radiator 31.

5 is a diagram explaining the electrical configuration of the V2X antenna of FIG. 3. 5(a) briefly describes the physical shapes of the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33, and FIG. 5(b) shows the electrical shapes of the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33. Describe the length according to .

Referring to FIG. 5( a ), the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are made of a conductive material and operate as radiators, radiating a powered RF signal and receiving an RF signal transmitted from the outside.

The first radiator 31 may have one end electrically connected to the power supply unit 35, the other end electrically open, and a central portion bent to have a socket shape in cross section. The socket shape may be divided into an entry portion 311 , a bottom portion 313 , and a support portion 315 . The entry part 311 is elastically deformed outward when the coupling part 255a of the communication antenna 255 is pressed and entered, and both sides of the entry part 311 when the coupling part 255a is seated on the bottom part 313. is restored to its original position and can be elastically coupled to the coupling portion 255a of the communication antenna 255. The bottom part 313 is implemented in a shape corresponding to the shape of the coupling part 255a, and is an area where the coupling part 255a is seated. The pair of support parts 315 may support the socket shape, and referring to FIGS. 3 to 5 , the support part 315 on one side of the pair of support parts 315 is the vertical surface of the second radiator 33 . (333) and may be located in close proximity.

In addition, the first radiator 31 may include an embodiment in which a part of a curved surface has a different curvature or a part of a curved surface is straightened rather than having a typical socket shape as shown in FIG. 5(a). This is to make the shape of the first radiator 31 correspond to the shape of the coupling portion 255a of the communication antenna 255 so as to facilitate coupling with the communication antenna 255 .

The second radiator 33 may have one end electrically connected to the power supply unit 35 and the other end electrically open and folded. According to an embodiment, the folded shape is a shape in which a portion of a straight line is folded and bent, and referring to FIGS. 3 to 5 , it may be implemented in an 'L' shape. The 'ㄱ' shape can be divided into an upper surface 331 implemented in a 'ㅡ' shape and a vertical surface 333 implemented in a 'ㅣ' shape. The end of the upper surface 331 is electrically open, the end of the vertical surface 333 is electrically connected to the power supply unit 35, and the vertical surface 333 is a pair of support parts 315 of the first radiator 31. ) It may be located in close proximity to the support part 315 on one side. However, the shape of the second radiator 33 is not limited to the 'L' shape, and various embodiments implemented in a shape electrically symmetrical to the first radiator 31 may be included.

Referring to FIG. 5(a) , the power supply unit 35 provides a power supply signal to the first radiator 31 and provides a ground voltage to the second radiator 33 . According to another embodiment, the power supply unit 35 may provide a ground voltage to the first radiator 31 and a power supply signal to the second radiator 33 .

Referring to FIG. 5(b) , according to an exemplary embodiment, the electrical shape of the first radiator 31 may be formed in a substantially hexahedral shape. That is, when the V2X antenna 257 has electrical characteristics corresponding to the half-wavelength dipole antenna, the height of the electrical hexahedron of the first radiator 31 and the electrical length from one end to the other end of the second radiator 33 are respectively radiated. It has an electrical length corresponding to 1/4 of the RF signal wavelength. Accordingly, the frequency (wavelength) of the radiated RF signal is determined by the electrical lengths of the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 .

6 is a diagram illustrating a preferred arrangement between components of the V2X antenna of FIG. 3. In addition, FIG. 6 may be a mutual arrangement diagram of components of a V2X antenna when viewed from the upper side (direction A) in FIG. 3.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance A. Preferably, the second radiator 33 may be spaced apart from the first radiator 31 by a distance corresponding to 1/10 of the wavelength λ of the radiated RF signal.

In addition, the third radiator 37 may be spaced apart from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 by a predetermined interval (T). Preferably, the third radiator 37 is spaced apart from each other by a distance corresponding to 1/4 of the RF signal wavelength λ radiated from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 .

In addition, the electrical length (L) of the third radiator 37 may correspond to 1/4 of the radiated RF signal wavelength, and is preferably implemented as a value obtained by multiplying 1/4 of the radiated RF signal wavelength by 0.92. can

As shown in FIG. 6 , in the third radiator 37 having the electrical length L as described above, one end does not reach the end of the first radiator 31 and the other end of the second radiator 33 Corresponding to the end, the total length of the third radiator 37 may be implemented shorter than the distance between the end of the first radiator 31 and the end of the second radiator 33 . Also, although not shown, the third radiator 37 having the electrical length L as described above may be located at any point between the end of the first radiator 31 and the end of the second radiator 33. there is.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing radiation efficiency according to an electrical length (L) of the third radiator of FIG. 6 .

In FIG. 7 , the horizontal axis is the electrical length (L=λ/4×0.92) of the third radiator 37 according to the change in the RF signal wavelength λ radiated from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33. , and the vertical axis represents the radiation efficiency (%) of the radiator according to the change in the electrical length (L) of the third radiator 37 . Specific values are shown in <Table 1> below.

<Table 1>

Referring to FIG. 7 and Table 1, the lower limit of the RF signal wavelength λ emitted from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 may include 0.17 m or more, 0.18 m or more, or 0.21 m or more, , the upper limit may include 0.25 m or less, or 0.27 m or less, or 0.28 m or less.

For example, the RF signal wavelength λ emitted from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 may include a range of 0.17 m or more and 0.28 m or less, depending on the RF signal wavelength λ. Radiation efficiency (eg, 40% or more) may be excellently maintained at the electrical length (0.0391m≤L≤0.0644m) of the third radiator 37 .

FIG. 8 is a graph showing radiation efficiency according to a distance A between the first and second radiators of FIG. 6 .

In FIG. 8 , the horizontal axis is the separation distance A between the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 according to the change in the RF signal wavelength λ radiated from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 . =λ/10), and the vertical axis represents the radiation efficiency (%) of the radiator according to the change in the separation distance (A) of the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33. Specific values are shown in <Table 2> below.

<Table 2>

8 and Table 2, the lower limit of the RF signal wavelength λ emitted from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 may include 0.075 m or more, 0.080 m or more, or 0.090 m or more, , the upper limit may include 0.105 m or less, or 0.0135 m or less, or 0.155 m or less.

For example, the RF signal wavelength λ emitted from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 may include a range of 0.075 m or more and 0.155 m or less, depending on the RF signal wavelength λ. Radiation efficiency (eg, 40% or more) may be excellently maintained at a separation distance between the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 (0.0075m≤A≤0.0155m).

9 is a view showing an embodiment of the shape of the first radiator of FIG. 3, FIG. 10 is a view showing another embodiment of the shape of the first radiator of FIG. 3, and FIG. 11 is a view of the first radiator of FIG. It is a drawing showing another embodiment of the shape of the radiator.

In FIGS. 9 to 11 , the first radiator 31 is made of an elastic material and includes various embodiments in which a coupling portion 255a and a ball-socket unit are formed. Meanwhile, although the second radiator 33 is not shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the second radiator 33 has the shape shown in FIG. 3 and is a pair of the first radiator 31 shown in FIGS. 9 to 11. and can operate as a emitter.

9 to 11, the first radiator 31 is formed in a socket structure having various shapes and can be elastically coupled to the ball-shaped coupling part 255a.

Referring to FIG. 9(a) , according to an exemplary embodiment, the coupling part 255a may not have a typical ball shape, but may be formed in a mortar shape as a whole by partially curved inward to prevent separation during coupling. In this case, the first radiator 31 may have a socket shape corresponding to the ball shape of the coupling portion 255a by changing a curvature of a portion of the curved surface to correspond to the shape of the coupling portion 255a or by straightening a portion of the curved surface. . This is to make the shape of the first radiator 31 correspond to the shape of the coupler 255a so as to facilitate coupling with the communication antenna 255 .

More specifically, in FIG. 9 (b), in the coupling portion 255a, the plane extending from the inwardly curved portion C to the protruding portion P forms an acute angle (α° < 90°) with the horizontal plane, It is curved downward again at the protruding portion P, and at this time, the surface curved downward at the protruding portion P is the guide portion 2551 that facilitates coupling with the first radiator 31 .

The first radiator 31 is open in the upward direction, and the center of the cross section in the left and right direction is formed in a socket shape so that the entire cross section is similar to the shape of the alphabet 'M' and the center of the cross section may be formed in a socket shape.

The socket shape may be divided into an entry portion 311 , a bottom portion 313 , and a support portion 315 . As shown in FIG. 9(b), in the pair of entry parts 311, the entrance diameter L1, which is the distance between both sides, is smaller than the diameter L2 of the protruding part P of the coupling part 255a at a predetermined distance. As a result, both sides of the pair of entry parts 311 are elastically deformed outward when the coupling part 255a of the communication antenna 255 is pressed and enters, and when the coupling part 255a is seated on the bottom part 313 Both side surfaces of the entry portion 311 may be restored to their original positions and elastically coupled to the coupling portion 255a of the communication antenna 255 . The bottom portion 313 is implemented in a shape corresponding to the shape of the coupling portion 255a and is an area where the coupling portion 255a is seated, and the inner diameter L3 of the bottom portion 313 is the size of the coupling portion 255a. It may be formed corresponding to the diameter L2 (L2=L3) or slightly larger (L2<L3). The support part 315 may support the socket shape.

Therefore, since the first radiator 31 is implemented in the shape shown in FIG. 9 , both side surfaces of the entry portion 311 of the first radiator 31 when attached to or detached from the first radiator 31 by pressing the coupling portion 255a. This elastic deformation can be elastically coupled to the coupling portion 255a.

Referring to FIG. 10 , according to another embodiment, the coupling portion 255a may be formed in a typical ball shape. In this case, the first radiator 31 may have a socket shape corresponding to the ball shape of the coupler 255a. This is to make the shape of the first radiator 31 correspond to the shape of the coupler 255a so as to facilitate coupling with the communication antenna 255 .

More specifically, in FIG. 10, the coupling portion 255a is formed in a typical ball shape, and the lower curved portion at the diameter passing through the centroid is a guide portion 2551 that facilitates coupling with the first radiator 31. .

The first radiator 31 is formed as a hexahedron as a whole, has an opening 31a formed on the side surface of the hexahedron, and an insertion groove 31b into which the coupling portion 255a is inserted and fixed is formed, and the coupling portion ( 255a) may be configured in a socket shape corresponding to the ball shape.

The socket shape may be divided into an entry portion 311 and a bottom portion 313 . As shown in FIG. 10, the entry part 311 has an entry diameter L1, which is the distance between both sides, smaller than the diameter L2 of the protruding part P of the coupling part 255a by a predetermined distance, so that the entry part ( 311) is elastically deformed outward when the coupling portion 255a of the communication antenna 255 is pressed and entered, and when the coupling portion 255a is seated on the bottom portion 313, both sides of the entry portion 311 is restored to its original position and can be elastically coupled to the coupling portion 255a of the communication antenna 255. The bottom portion 313 is implemented in a spherical shape corresponding to the shape of the coupling portion 255a and is an area where the coupling portion 255a is seated, and the inner diameter L3 passing through the centripetal center of the bottom portion 313 is the coupling portion. It may be formed to correspond to the diameter L2 passing through the centripetal center of (255a) (L2=L3) or may be formed slightly larger (L2<L3).

Since the first radiator 31 is implemented in the shape shown in FIG. 10 , both sides of the entry portion 311 of the first radiator 31 are elastic when the coupler 255a is pressed and attached or detached from the first radiator 31 . The deformed bottom portion 313 corresponding to the ball shape of the coupling portion 255a may be engaged with the coupling portion 255a.

Referring to FIG. 11 , according to another embodiment, the coupling portion 255a may be formed in a typical ball shape. In this case, the cross section of the first radiator 31 may be configured in a socket shape to correspond to the ball shape of the coupler 255a. This is to make the shape of the first radiator 31 correspond to the shape of the coupler 255a so as to facilitate coupling with the communication antenna 255 .

More specifically, in FIG. 11, the coupling portion 255a is formed in a typical ball shape, and the lower curved portion at a diameter passing through the center is a guide portion 2551 that facilitates coupling with the first radiator 31. .

The first radiator 31 may be formed as one plane extending from one side to the other side, and may include an entry portion 311 , an extension portion 317 , and a bottom portion 315 . The pair of entry portions 311 may be detachably provided with the coupling portion 255a, and the extension portion 317 extends from the bottom portion 315 and is implemented as a pair facing each other having a symmetrical shape. Spaced apart at set intervals, it is possible to form an insertion space in which the coupling portion 255a is seated. The bottom portion 315 supports the first radiator 31, and a lower surface of the coupling portion 255a may be seated thereon.

In more detail, referring to FIG. 11, the pair of entry parts 311 extend from the extension part 317 to form a round, and are configured to increase in distance from the center to the edge so that they face each other. It can be configured convexly. That is, the round may be formed such that the distance between the pair of extensions 31d decreases and then increases again as the distance from the extension 317 increases.

In addition, the distance L1 spaced apart from the center of the pair of entry parts 311 is formed smaller than the diameter L2 passing through the centripetal center of the coupling part 255a by pressing the coupling part 255a so that the first When attaching or detaching from the radiator 31, the pair of entry parts 311 are elastically deformed and can be elastically coupled to the coupler 255a.

12 is a diagram showing a beam pattern radiated from a V2X antenna according to an embodiment. 12(a) is an exemplary diagram showing a conventional 5.8 GHZ antenna beam pattern, and FIG. 12(b) is an exemplary diagram showing a 5.8 GHZ antenna beam pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 12(a) , when a conventional vehicle antenna device is implemented as a shark fin type antenna, a vehicle roof is often used as a GND in the shark fin antenna. When the antenna device is placed on the vehicle roof, the high-frequency beam pattern of 5.8 GHZ is reflected to the ground, and the beam peak appears upward as shown in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. There is a problem that the radiation of the direction is not smooth.

Therefore, the present invention is directed to both sides of the direction in which the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 are arranged so that optimum radiation is achieved on a horizontal plane for smooth communication between the vehicle antenna devices 20 mounted on the vehicle roof. A third radiator 37 is included on one side. That is, the third radiator 37 can control beam patterns emitted from the first radiator 31 and the second radiator 33 to increase directivity in the front and rear directions of the vehicle so that vehicle-to-vehicle communication can be smoothly performed.

Referring to FIG. 12 (b), according to an embodiment, the V2X antenna 257 transmits through a third radiator 37 in a band of about 5.8 GHZ (ex, WAVE frequency) for optimization of vehicle-to-vehicle communication (V2X). An antenna optimized for a horizontal angle can be provided by beam tilting. FIG. 12(b) shows that a beam pattern suitable for V2X communication can be implemented by forming an optimal radiation pattern in the horizontal direction by inducing the beam of the antenna forward and backward under the control of the third radiator 37.

While this specification contains many features, such features should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention or the claims. Also, features described in separate embodiments in this specification may be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in this specification in a single embodiment may be implemented in various embodiments individually or in combination as appropriate.

Although actions are described in a particular order in the drawings, it should not be understood that such actions are performed in the specific order as shown, or that the actions are performed in a series of sequential order, or that all described actions are performed to achieve a desired result. . Multitasking and parallel processing can be advantageous in certain circumstances. In addition, it should be understood that the division of various system components in the above-described embodiments does not require such division in all embodiments. The program components and systems described above may generally be implemented as a package in a single software product or multiple software products.

The method of the present invention as described above may be implemented as a program and stored in a recording medium (CD-ROM, RAM, ROM, floppy disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, etc.) in a computer-readable form. Since this process can be easily performed by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs, it will not be described in detail.

The present invention described above is capable of various substitutions, modifications, and changes without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention to those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs, and thus the above-described embodiments and It is not limited by drawings.

30: V2X antenna 31: first radiator
33: second radiator 35: power supply unit
37: third emitter

Claims (15)

delete In the vehicle antenna device,
a first antenna connected to the signal processing substrate; and
a second antenna connected to the signal processing board through the first antenna and operating in a frequency band different from that of the first antenna;
The first antenna,
a first radiator detachably fixing one end of the second antenna;
a second radiator operating as a dipole antenna together with the first radiator; and
A third radiator controlling beam patterns emitted from the first radiator and the second radiator;
The third radiator,
and a support extending in a direction perpendicular to the signal processing substrate.
The vehicle antenna device, characterized in that the third radiator is vertically coupled to the support and positioned on both sides or one side of a direction in which the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged. According to claim 2,
The third radiator,
and an electrical length corresponding to a value obtained by multiplying 1/4 of a signal wavelength radiated from the first radiator and the second radiator by 0.92. According to claim 3,
The signal wavelength is
Vehicle antenna device, characterized in that within the range of 0.17m to 0.28m. In the vehicle antenna device,
a first antenna connected to the signal processing substrate; and
a second antenna connected to the signal processing board through the first antenna and operating in a frequency band different from that of the first antenna;
The first antenna,
a first radiator detachably fixing one end of the second antenna;
a second radiator operating as a dipole antenna together with the first radiator; and
A third radiator controlling beam patterns emitted from the first radiator and the second radiator;
The third radiator,
An antenna device for a vehicle, characterized in that it is formed to extend in a vertical direction of a signal processing substrate and is located on both sides or one side of an area in which the first radiator and the second radiator are in close proximity to each other. According to any one of claims 2 to 5,
The third radiator,
The vehicle antenna device, characterized in that located apart from each other by a distance corresponding to 1/4 times the wavelength of the signal radiated from the first radiator and the second radiator. In the vehicle antenna device,
a first antenna connected to the signal processing substrate; and
a second antenna connected to the signal processing board through the first antenna and operating in a frequency band different from that of the first antenna;
The first antenna,
a first radiator detachably fixing one end of the second antenna;
a second radiator operating as a dipole antenna together with the first radiator; and
A third radiator controlling beam patterns emitted from the first radiator and the second radiator;
When the second antenna is attached to or detached from the first radiator by pressing the second antenna, the first radiator is elastically deformed and elastically coupled to one end of the second antenna. According to claim 7,
The first radiator,
It is composed of a socket shape corresponding to the ball shape of one end of the second antenna to be elastically coupled with the second antenna.
The vehicle antenna device, characterized in that the entrance diameter of the socket shape is smaller than the diameter of the ball shape. According to claim 8,
The first radiator,
As a metal plate made of conductive material, one end is electrically connected to the power supply unit, the other end is electrically open, and the central portion is bent to form a socket shape in cross section. According to claim 7,
The first radiator is a hexahedron made of a conductive material, and has an opening formed on an upper side surface and an insertion groove embedded therein.
An entrance diameter of the opening is formed smaller than a diameter of a ball shape of one end of the second antenna, and the insertion groove is configured in a socket shape corresponding to the ball shape of one end of the second antenna. According to claim 7,
The first radiator,
base part; and
A vehicle antenna device comprising: a pair of extension portions extending from the base portion and having convex portions opposite to each other. According to claim 11,
The pair of extensions,
A vehicle antenna device, characterized in that it is spaced apart at a preset interval and configured to be elastically deformable. According to claim 7,
The second radiator,
A vehicle antenna device, characterized in that one end is electrically connected to the power supply unit and the other end is electrically open and configured in a folded shape. According to claim 13,
The first radiator and the second radiator,
The vehicle antenna device, characterized in that spaced apart from each other by a distance corresponding to 1/10 times the wavelength of the signal radiated from the first radiator and the second radiator. 15. The method of claim 14,
The signal wavelength is
Vehicle antenna device, characterized in that within the range of 0.075m to 0.155m.

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