KR102470218B1 - Method For Producing Soil Conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an extraction method of a humic substance using peat by concentrating in a thermal reactor formed so as to extract the humic substance and to a manufacturing method of a soil improver. The manufacturing method comprises: a peat raw material preparation process of preparing peat raw materials having a pH of 3.5 to 5.5 and a moisture content of 60 to 70%; a process of producing a peat stock solution containing the humic substance, which has a dry moisture content of 15 to 30% and is lowered from pH of 12 to 13 before reaction to pH of 8 to 10 after reaction; a concentrate manufacturing process of removing sand (soil, grit) mixed in the peat, and separating and manufacturing the undiluted peat for the soil improver; a mixing process of mixing raw materials for the soil improver having the moisture content of 40 to 50%; and a fermentation process of performing a three-stage fermentation including a first fermentation for 30 days while raising an exothermic temperature from 40℃ to 60℃, a second fermentation for 30 days while lowering the exothermic temperature from 60℃ to 40℃, and a third fermentation for 30 days while lowering an internal temperature below 30℃. Therefore, mass production can be performed so as to minimize costs.

Description

Humic substance extraction device using peat and manufacturing method of soil improver {Method For Producing Soil Conditioner}

The present invention relates to a humic substance extraction device and a method for manufacturing a soil improver using peat, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing a multifunctional soil improver using peat by concentrating in a thermal reactor formed to extract humic substances.

The International Humic Substances Society (IHSS), an international society for conventional natural humic substances, treats strong bases (NaOH, pH 10) with the extraction method of humic acid and fulvic acid, which are physiologically active organic acids. A method for separating humic acid from dissolved fulvic acid by precipitating it in strong acid (HCl, pH 1) is proposed.

In addition, current general fertilizers directly or indirectly affect the growth of crops, such as maintaining or enhancing soil productivity, becoming nutrients for well-growth crops, improving physical and chemical properties of soil, and promoting useful microorganisms. It is a substance that helps

However, since chemical fertilizers are almost indispensable in modern agriculture, they not only acidify the soil along with pesticides, but also encourage environmental pollution due to excessive use. Therefore, recently, by using a lot of fertilizer composed of manure, compost, food waste, sawdust, etc., it is effective in reducing environmental pollution, improving crop growth and soil properties, and improving crop quality and quantity.

However, when organic fertilizers made from livestock manure and food waste are used excessively, the salt content in the soil may be excessively high, and thus side effects are likely to occur. In addition, it may contaminate the surrounding environment due to odors generated by manure and food waste. In addition, once the compost is fertilized with a slow or delayed effect, it is gradually decomposed and mineralized throughout the entire growth period of the crop, and nutrients are absorbed, so it does not accumulate in the plant. In other words, if it is slowly absorbed, the fertilizer effect is small or excessive, so there is no overpayment in crop growth, but it takes a long time to compost and there is a problem of odor.

The International Humic Substances Society (IHSS), an international society for conventional natural humic substances, treats strong bases (NaOH, pH 10) with the extraction method of humic acid and fulvic acid, which are physiologically active organic acids. A method for precipitating humic acid in HCl (pH 1) and separating it from dissolved fulvic acid has been proposed, but it is difficult to mass-produce and the production cost increases.

Republic of Korea Intellectual Property Office Registration Patent No. 10-1969150 (2019.04.09) Korea Intellectual Property Office Registration Patent No. 10-2025123 (2019.09.19)

The problem to be solved by the present invention is

It is to provide a humic substance extraction device and a method for manufacturing a soil improver using peat that is convenient to use by generating a peat stock solution containing humic substances from peat raw materials containing humic acid.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a multi-functional soil improver using peat containing eluting humic substances made of a fermentation process.

The solution to the problem of the present invention is

The present invention relates to a humic substance extraction device using peat concentrated in a thermal reactor formed to extract humic substances and a method for manufacturing a soil improver,

A peat raw material preparation step for preparing a peat raw material having a pH of 3.5 to 5.5 and a water content of 60 to 70%; A step of preparing a peat stock solution containing humic substances having a dry moisture content of 15 to 30% and lowered from pH 12 to 13 before reaction to pH 8 to 10 after reaction;

A step of removing sand (soil, sand) mixed with peat and separating and producing undiluted peat for soil improver; A step of mixing a soil improving agent raw material having a water content of 40 to 50%;

1st fermentation for 30 days while raising the exothermic temperature from 40℃ to 60℃, 2nd fermentation for 30 days while lowering the temperature from 60℃ to 40℃, and 30 days while lowering the internal temperature to 30℃ or less It was achieved to consist of; a three-step fermentation process of third fermentation during.

In extracting the humic substance from the peat of the present invention, it is formed to be mass-produced, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

In addition, the present invention is a very useful invention capable of producing a concentrated humic substance-containing peat stock solution using a thermal stirrer.

1 is a state diagram of a method for manufacturing a soil improver using humic substances extraction and peat of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view showing an extraction device showing a thermal stirrer for extracting humic substances of the present invention.
Figures 3 and 4 is a state of use of the device for extracting humic substances of the present invention.

Since the present invention can make various changes and have various embodiments, specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description.

However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents or substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention. Like reference numerals have been used for like elements throughout the description of each figure.

Terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, a first element may be termed a second element, and similarly, a second element may be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The terms and/or include any combination of a plurality of related recited items or any of a plurality of related recited items.

It is understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, but other elements may exist in the middle. It should be. On the other hand, when a component is referred to as “directly connected” or “directly connected” to another component, it should be understood that no other component exists in the middle.

Terms used in this application are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In this application, the terms "comprise" or "having" are intended to designate that there is a feature, number, step, movement, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, but one or more other features or It should be understood that the presence or addition of numbers, steps, movements, elements, parts, or combinations thereof is not precluded.

In addition, the present invention may have various modifications and various embodiments, a specific embodiment of which will be described in more detail through detailed descriptions and examples of drawings.

In addition, in the description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related well-known and commonly used technique may obscure the gist of the present invention, the description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, the present invention may have various modifications and various embodiments, a specific embodiment of which will be described in more detail through detailed descriptions and examples of drawings. In addition, in the description of the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related well-known and commonly used technique may obscure the gist of the present invention, the description thereof will be omitted.

The method for preparing a soil improver using humic substances extraction and peat of the present invention,

A peat raw material preparation step (S100) for preparing a peat raw material containing humic acid;

In the peat raw material preparation step (S100), 90 to 95% by weight of the peat raw material and 5 to 10% by weight of calcium oxide (CaO) were mixed and reacted for 4 to 8 hours in an extraction device using a thermal stirrer to form hydrogen ions of peat and water. According to the acid and base neutralization reaction of calcium peroxide, a large amount of humic substances contained in peat is released and the moisture of peat is rapidly reduced, resulting in a dry moisture content of 15 to 30%, pH 12 to 13 before reaction and pH 8 to 8 after reaction. Humic substance extract manufacturing process prepared to lower to 10 (S200);

Using a specific gravity separator to separate the peat having a specific gravity of 0.5 to 0.6 and the sand having a specific gravity of 1 or more (soil, sand) to remove the sand (soil, sand) mixed with the peat of the humic substance extract manufacturing process (S200) Humic substance extract concentrate manufacturing process (S300) for;

40 to 60% by weight of the concentrate of the humic substance extract concentrate manufacturing process (S300); 10 to 20% by weight of coco peat; 10 to 20% by weight of chicken manure; 10 to 20% by weight of organic foil; 5 to 10% by weight of zeolite; and 1 to 2% by weight of chaff charcoal; 1 to 2% by weight of microorganisms including lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, and yeast; mixing process (S400) of mixing raw materials for soil improvers; maintaining aerobic conditions and heating temperature of 40 ℃ to 60 ℃ The first fermentation was carried out for 30 days while the temperature was raised, and the second fermentation was carried out for 30 days while maintaining the aerobic conditions and lowering the temperature from an exothermic temperature of 60 ° C to 40 ° C, and for 30 days while lowering the temperature to an internal temperature of 30 ° C or less. There is a feature consisting of; fermentation process (S500) of tertiary fermentation.

In the peat raw material preparation step, it is preferable to have a peat raw material having a pH of 3.5 to 5.5 and a moisture content of 60 to 70%.

The peat raw material used in the peat raw material preparation step (S100) of the present invention has a pH of 3.5 to 5.5, a moisture content of 60-70%, and contains a large amount of humic acid, so it is acidic.

Calcium oxide (CaO) used in the humic substance extract manufacturing process (S200) of the present invention has a weight ratio of 5 to 10%, is used as a basic reactant, and is also called quicklime.

The reaction of the humic substance extract manufacturing process (S200) of the present invention uses a thermal stirrer and reacts for 4 to 8 hours.

Scheme 1) CaO+H ₂ O → Ca(OH) ₂

In the humic substance extract manufacturing process (S200) of the present invention, peat contains hydrogen ions, which are protons. When hydrogen ions in water react with calcium oxide, it becomes calcium hydroxide.

Scheme 2) 2H ⁺ +Ca(OH) ₂ → Ca ² + +2H ₂ O

In the humic substance extract manufacturing process (S200) of the present invention, a large amount of humic substances contained in peat is released according to the reaction (acid, base neutralization reaction) of hydrogen ions of peat, water, and calcium oxide (CaO), and heat is generated at this time. and the moisture (moisture content) of peat rapidly decreases.

In the humic substance extract manufacturing process (S200) of the present invention, the PH before reaction is 12 to 13, and the PH after reaction is 8 to 10.

In the present invention, the specific gravity of the humic substance extract is about 0.5 to 0.6, and the specific gravity of the sand (soil, sand) is 1 or more. In the present invention, most of the sand (soil, sand) contained in the peat can be removed by the specific gravity separator to obtain a reacted liquid phase.

The extraction device using a thermal stirrer in the step of preparing the humic substance extract of the present invention (S200) forms the first chamber 100, the second chamber 200, and the third chamber 300 to be divided into three steps. One base body portion 500;

In the first chamber 100 of the base body part, a first inlet 110 and a first outlet 120 of the mixed material and a first water outlet 130 for discharging evaporating steam are formed, and in the mixed material A motor 150 and an agitator 180 on the motor shaft 160 are formed on a first vertical drum unit 140 formed to remove 50% of the total moisture contained in the first vertical drum unit 140, and A heater unit 190 generating high heat, a cylinder rod 210 for moving up and down, and a first hydraulic chamber unit 220 are formed at the lower part of the first up and down moving drum unit 140, so that moisture evaporates. A first extraction step unit 100-1 formed to increase the drying moisture content by stirring;

The cylinder rod 210 and the first hydraulic cylinder part 220 are operated so that the mixture liquid extracted less in the first extraction step part 100-1 flows into the second chamber 200, and when moving upward, the extraction liquid It is formed to be introduced into the second chamber 200 through the outlet 120, and when discharging, the second outlet 130-1 for discharging water and evaporating steam through the second outlet 120-1 To form and remove 60% of the total moisture contained in the introduced mixed material, the second vertical drum unit 140-1 and the upper part of the second vertical moving drum unit are formed and the motor 160-1 and the motor shaft ( 160) to form an agitator 180-1, and a heater unit 190-1, a cylinder rod 210-1 and a second hydraulic cylinder to generate high heat at the bottom of the second vertical moving drum unit 140-1. a second extraction step unit 200-1 formed to increase the drying moisture content by forming the unit 220-1 so that water evaporation and stirring are performed by the heater unit;

The mixed liquid extracted less in the second extraction step unit 200-1 is formed to be introduced through the second outlet 120-1 so as to flow into the third chamber 300, and when discharged, the third outlet 120-2 ) to form a water third outlet 130-2 for discharging steam to be discharged and evaporated through, and to remove 40 to 50% of the total water contained in the introduced mixed material, the motor 150 on the top of the third drum unit -2) and a stirrer 180-2 on the motor shaft 120-2, and a heater unit 190-2 generating high heat under the third drum unit 140-2. 3 extraction step unit (300-1);

A hydraulic pump and an oil tank 310 are formed to form hydraulic pressure in the first and second hydraulic cylinders, and a control unit 350 is formed to control the temperature of the hydraulic pump 320 and each heater unit to evaporate moisture inside. It is characterized by being stirred with to increase the dry moisture content.

As described above, a humic substance extraction device was formed and extracted using a thermal stirrer to increase the dry moisture content.

Alternatively, the first and second outlets are formed to increase the purity of the liquid extracted as described above, and the first and second outlets remove impurities or a plurality of stacked liquids through the pressure pump 360 formed at the third outlet. It is characterized in that it is formed to discharge tangled particles through the mesh 370 so as to be split.

The mixing step (S400) of mixing the concentrate extracted in the humic substance extract concentrate manufacturing process 300 of the present invention includes 40 to 60% by weight of the humic substance extract concentrate; 10 to 20% by weight of coco peat; 10 to 20% by weight of chicken manure; 10 to 20% by weight of organic foil; 5 to 10% by weight of zeolite; and 1 to 2% by weight of chaff charcoal; 1 to 2% by weight of microorganisms including lactic acid bacteria, bacillus and yeast; It is mixed and consists of a step of mixing the soil improver raw material having a moisture content of 40 to 50%.

The mixing step (S400) of mixing the soil improver raw materials; maintaining the mixed soil improver raw material mixture under aerobic conditions, and first fermenting for 30 days while raising the exothermic temperature from 40 ° C to 60 ° C, maintaining aerobic conditions, Fermentation process (S500) in which the temperature is lowered from an exothermic temperature of 60℃ to 40℃ for 2nd fermentation for 30 days, and the internal temperature is lowered to 30℃ or less for 3rd fermentation for 30 days (S500); There is a feature of having a manufacturing method of a multi-functional soil improver using peat.

In the experiment using the soil improver

<Soil cultivation experiment>

1) Changes in soil pH and EC according to humic acid dilution ratio

Soil pH (0.4~1.1) and EC (73.4~157.4) were increased by humic acid soil drench treatment. The pH tended to improve as the concentration of humic acid increased, and the EC tended to decrease as the concentration of humic acid increased. (Table 1)

As a result, it will be possible to see the expected effect by adjusting the concentration of Busaksan according to the soil acidity and the characteristics of the crop during open-field cultivation.

Soil pH and EC change according to humic acid soil drench concentration Humic acid treatment standards untreated 1000:1 500:1 250:1 pH 5.9 6.3 6.6 6.8 EC (ds/m) 111.6 269.0 236.4 185.0

<2L/14 days soil drench by humic acid dilution ratio>

2) Growth change of red chard, celery, and lettuce according to humic acid dilution ratio

High growth rates were observed at 0.1% (1000:1) and 0.2% (500:1) in the case of soil cultivation in which 10L of humic acid was drenched every 14 days according to the dilution ratio (Table 2).

In the case of red beetroot, the initial growth stopped in the 0.4% (250:1) treatment area and did not reach the growth rate of the untreated area, and the growth was slow in the 0.2% (500:1) treatment area at the beginning of planting, but the growth rate increased in the later period. there was. The growth of celery showed a high growth rate under the influence of humic acid. In the case of live weight, more than 120% increase was shown in the humic acid concentration 0.1% and 0.2% treatment groups, and plant length also showed an increase rate of about 70% (Table 3). Lettuce showed a significant difference in growth rate, but leaf length, The live weight increased as the mouth width and mouth increased.

Growth and growth rate of red beetroot, celery, and lettuce according to humic acid magnification Humic acid treatment standards red modern times salary Lettuce Plant height (cm) change rate Plant height (cm) change rate Plant height (cm) change rate untreated 17.3 8 18.6 0 15.5 0 1000:1 23.2 34.1 31.3 68.3 20.7 33.5 500:1 20.5 18.5 32.5 74.7 19.2 23.8 250:1 12.7 -26.5 17.2 -7.5 18.9 21.9

Live weight and change rate of red chard, celery, and lettuce according to humic acid magnification Humic acid treatment standards red modern times salary Lettuce live weight (g) change rate live weight (g) change rate live weight (g) change rate untreated 28.5 0 48.8 0 39.3 0 1000:1 32.2 12.9 108.5 122 45.5 15.7 500:1 30.4 6.6 112.7 130 42.2 7.3 250:1 22.7 -20.3 46.5 -4.7 42.8 8.9

S100: Peat raw material preparation process
S200: Peat undiluted solution containing humic substances manufacturing process
S300: Process for removing sand (soil, sand) mixed with peat and separating the undiluted peat for soil improver
S400: Process of mixing soil improver raw materials
S500: 3-step fermentation process

Claims (4)

A peat raw material preparation step (S100) for preparing a peat raw material containing humic acid;
90 to 95% by weight of the peat raw material and 5 to 10% by weight of calcium oxide (CaO) in the peat raw material preparation step (S100) are mixed and reacted for 4 to 8 hours in a thermal stirrer to produce hydrogen ions of peat, water and calcium oxide. According to the acid-base neutralization reaction, a large amount of humic substances contained in the peat is released, and the moisture of the peat is rapidly reduced, resulting in a dry moisture content of 15 to 30%, which is lowered from pH 12 to 13 before reaction to pH 8 to 10 after reaction. Manufactured humic substance extract manufacturing process (S200);
Using a specific gravity separator to separate the peat having a specific gravity of 0.5 to 0.6 and the sand having a specific gravity of 1 or more (soil, sand) to remove the sand (soil, sand) mixed with the peat of the humic substance extract manufacturing process (S200) Humic substance extract concentrate manufacturing process for (S300);
40 to 60% by weight of the concentrate of the humic substance extract concentrate manufacturing process (S300); 10 to 20% by weight of coco peat; 10 to 20% by weight of chicken manure; 10 to 20% by weight of organic foil; 5 to 10% by weight of zeolite; and 1 to 2% by weight of chaff charcoal; 1 to 2% by weight of microorganisms including lactic acid bacteria, bacillus, and yeast; mixing process (S400) of mixing raw materials for soil improvers; maintaining aerobic conditions and heating temperature of 40 ℃ to 60 ℃ The first fermentation was carried out for 30 days while the temperature was raised, and the second fermentation was carried out for 30 days while maintaining the aerobic conditions and lowering the temperature from an exothermic temperature of 60 ° C to 40 ° C, and for 30 days while lowering the temperature to an internal temperature of 30 ° C or less. Fermentation process (S500) of tertiary fermentation; method for extracting humic substances using peat and manufacturing a soil improver, characterized in that consisting of.
The method of claim 1, wherein the peat raw material preparation step has a pH of 3.5 to 5.5 and a peat raw material having a moisture content of 60 to 70%.
The method of claim 1, wherein the humic substance extract preparation process,
A base body portion formed with a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber so as to be divided into three stages;
In the first chamber of the base body part, a first inlet and a first outlet of the mixed material and a first water outlet for discharging evaporating steam are formed, and formed to remove 50% of the total moisture contained in the mixed material. A vertical moving drum unit, a motor and an agitator on a motor shaft are formed on the upper side of the vertical moving drum unit, and a cylinder rod and a first hydraulic cylinder are formed on the lower side of the vertical moving drum unit so that agitation is performed along with moisture evaporation, resulting in dry moisture content. A first extraction step unit formed to increase the;
It is formed to be introduced through the first discharge port so that the mixed liquid extracted less in the first extraction step unit flows into the second chamber, and when discharged, the water is formed through the second discharge port to discharge and evaporated steam through the second discharge port. And, a motor and an agitator on a motor shaft are formed on the upper part of the vertical moving drum and the vertical moving drum part formed to remove 60% of the total moisture contained in the mixed material, and the cylinder rod and the lower part of the vertical moving drum part A second extraction step unit formed to increase the drying moisture content by forming a second hydraulic cylinder unit to increase moisture evaporation and stirring;
It is formed to be introduced through the third outlet so that the mixed liquid extracted less in the second extraction step unit flows into the third chamber, and when discharged, a water third outlet is formed to discharge steam that is discharged and evaporated through the third outlet. And, to remove 40 to 50% of the total moisture contained in the introduced mixed material, a motor and an agitator on a motor shaft are formed on the upper part of the third drum unit, and a heater unit generating high heat is further included in the lower part of the third drum unit. a third extraction step unit formed by;
A hydraulic pump and an oil tank are formed to form hydraulic pressure in the first and second hydraulic cylinder parts, and a control unit is formed to control the temperature of the hydraulic pump and the heater part so that moisture evaporates and stirs inside, thereby increasing the drying moisture content. A method for extracting humic substances and manufacturing soil improvers using peat made up of soybeans.
The method of claim 3, wherein the first, second, and third outlets,
A method for extracting humic substances and manufacturing a soil improver using peat formed to break up entangled particles by forming a net to remove impurities or forming a pressurized pump at the third outlet to pass through a plurality of stacked mesh nets.

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