KR102462442B1 - Circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention for a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus is disclosed. A circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to the present invention includes: a housing connected to the combustion furnace so that a fluidized material of the combustion furnace is introduced; a blocking wall part partitioning the inside of the housing so as to form a plurality of cooling chamber parts inside the housing; a recovery unit connecting the housing and the combustion furnace; a heat exchanger disposed in the plurality of cooling chambers to cool the flowing material; an air jet unit for blowing air into a plurality of cooling chamber units to flow a fluid; and a layer material scattering unit disposed in the plurality of cooling chambers and spraying air to disperse the layer material from the fluidized material toward the recovery unit.

Description

Circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus {CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILER APPARATUS}

The present invention relates to a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, and more particularly, to a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus capable of reducing temperature variations in a combustion furnace and reducing fluid loss.

In general, a circulating fluidized bed boiler generates thermal energy by burning fuel coals such as coal, and generates steam by using the thermal energy. Steam is supplied to the turbine to drive the turbine.

A circulating fluidized bed boiler includes a combustion furnace. In the combustion furnace, as air is injected into the fuel coal, the fuel coal flows and is burned. When the fuel coal flows, the layer material with small particles is circulated to exchange heat with the coal coal, and as the layer material heats with the fuel coal, the temperature deviation of the combustion furnace is reduced. When fuel coal is burned while flowing, all solid particles in the combustion furnace, such as flowing fuel coal, burnt ash, sand injected as a layer material, and limestone injected as a desulfurization agent, are generally referred to as fluid materials.

A part of the fluidized material flowing at the lower side of the combustion furnace is discharged to the fluidized material processing unit. An air jet nozzle is installed in the fluid processing unit to separate the fluid according to the particle size while flowing the fluid by spraying air from the lower side of the fluid.

When the flow velocity of the air injected from the air jet nozzle is too fast, the flow performance of the fluid is improved, but it is difficult for the fluid to be separated according to the particle size. In addition, when the flow rate of the air injected from the air injection nozzle is too slow, the fluid does not flow. When the flowing material is cooled while flowing, the finely divided bed material having a small particle size among the flowing materials is recovered to the combustion furnace through the recovery pipe. The bed material recovered in the furnace is circulated along the furnace to exchange heat with the flowing material.

However, in the related art, since the flow rate of the air injected from the air injection nozzle is limited within the range of layer separation while flowing the fluidized material, the recovery rate of the bed material for flowing the layer material of the fluidized material processing unit into the combustion furnace may be reduced.

In addition, since the layer material circulated in the combustion furnace is insufficient as the recovery rate of the layer material is lowered, the heat exchange efficiency varies according to the location of the flowing material in the combustion furnace. Therefore, as the layer material is insufficient in the combustion furnace, the temperature deviation increases for each part of the combustion furnace, and thus, it is necessary to reduce the power generation output or stop the operation of the combustion furnace in order to secure operation stability.

In addition, if the temperature deviation is increased for each part of the combustion furnace, the fluid may be agglomerated or melted in a relatively high temperature region to generate clinker. As the clinker is generated inside the combustion furnace, the fluidity of the fluid is reduced and the temperature deviation may be further increased.

Background art of the present invention is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 2013-0096317 (published on Aug. 29, 2013, title of the invention: a circulating fluidized bed boiler having two heat exchangers for high-temperature solids flow).

The present invention was created to improve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus capable of reducing temperature deviation in a combustion furnace and reducing fluid loss.

A circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to the present invention includes: a housing connected to the combustion furnace to introduce a fluidized material into the combustion furnace; a blocking wall part partitioning the inside of the housing to form a plurality of cooling chamber parts inside the housing; a recovery unit connecting the housing and the combustion furnace; a heat exchanger disposed in the plurality of cooling chambers to cool the flowing material; an air injection unit for blowing air into a plurality of the cooling chamber units to flow a fluid; and a layer material scattering unit disposed in the plurality of cooling chamber units and spraying air to disperse the layer material from the flowing material toward the recovery unit.

The recovery part may be disposed on the upper side of the housing, and the layer material scattering part may be disposed between the heat exchanger and the recovery part.

The layer material scattering unit may scatter the layer material having a particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm toward the recovery unit.

The layer material scattering unit may include a plurality of scattering nozzle units respectively disposed in the plurality of cooling chamber units.

It is possible to control the temperature of the layer material recovered in the combustion furnace by adjusting the air injection amount of the plurality of scattering nozzles, respectively.

A plurality of passage holes may be formed in the layer material scattering unit so that the flowing material discharged from the combustion furnace or the cooling chamber unit may pass therethrough.

The layer material scattering unit may be formed in a mesh shape, and a plurality of scattering nozzle units may be formed on the upper side of the layer material scattering unit to spray air toward the recovery unit.

A flow hole portion may be formed in the blocking wall portion so that the flow material of the cooling chamber portion flows to the adjacent cooling chamber portion.

The blocking wall part may include a blocking nozzle part disposed on a periphery of the flow hole part and blocking the flow material from passing through the flow hole part by spraying air into the flow hole part.

The flow hole portion may be disposed below the blocking wall portion.

The air injection direction of the blocking nozzle part may be inclined to face the outside of the flow hole part.

The recovery part may include a plurality of recovery pipe parts respectively disposed above the plurality of cooling chamber parts.

A hopper part converging toward the recovery pipe part may be formed on the upper side of the housing to guide the scattered layer material to the recovery pipe part.

The air spraying unit may spray air at a flow rate in the range of 2.5-3 Umf.

According to the present invention, since the layer material scattering unit scatters the layer material having a particle size that cannot be scattered by the air jetting unit toward the recovery unit, the particle size range of the recovered layer material can be increased.

In addition, according to the present invention, since sufficient bed material is supplied to the furnace, the temperature deviation of the furnace can be reduced as the bed material exchanges heat with the flowing material of the furnace. Therefore, since the combustion furnace can be operated stably, it is possible to reduce the power generation output or prevent the operation from being stopped.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the temperature of the combustion furnace can be adjusted according to the temperature of the layer material recovered in the combustion furnace, the operation stability of the combustion furnace can be secured.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the flow hole is formed in the barrier wall part so that the flow material of the cooling chamber part flows to the adjacent cooling chamber part, the fluid material having a large particle size can be discharged to the adjacent cooling chamber part through the flow hole part.

Further, according to the present invention, since the blocking nozzle unit injects air into the flow hole to form an air curtain, the flow material is blocked by the air curtain and does not pass through the flow hole. Accordingly, the flow rate of the flowing material can be adjusted by driving and stopping the blocking nozzle unit.

1 is a block diagram showing a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram illustrating a fluidized material processing unit of a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a block diagram illustrating a state in which a fluid passes through a barrier wall in the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a plan view illustrating a part of the layer material scattering unit in the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a side view showing a part of the layer material scattering unit in the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a front view showing a barrier wall in the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a barrier wall in a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the process of describing the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, the thickness of the lines or the size of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated for clarity and convenience of explanation. In addition, the terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to intentions or customs of users and operators. Therefore, definitions of these terms should be made based on the content throughout this specification.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a fluidized material processing unit of a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a state in which the fluid passes through the barrier wall in the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

1 to 3 , a circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 110 , a barrier wall unit 120 , a recovery unit 130 , a heat exchanger 140 , and an air injection unit 150 . ) and a layer material scattering unit 160 .

The combustion furnace 10 is connected to the cyclone 20 , the cyclone 20 is connected to the loop chamber 30 , and the loop chamber 30 is connected to the lower side of the combustion furnace 10 . In the combustion furnace 10, fuel such as coal is burned. A windbox 15 is installed at the lower side of the combustion furnace 10 to inject air into the lower side of the combustion furnace 10 to burn it. As air is injected into the lower side of the combustion furnace 10, the fuel flows and is burned. Since the fuel is burned while flowing, the flowing fuel will be referred to as a flowing material hereinafter. The fluidized material is divided into a layer material circulated in the furnace and a solid material that flows only at the lower side of the furnace. The layer material is a material having a particle size of 0.5 mm or less so as to be scattered by the air jet, and the solid material is classified into a material having a particle size exceeding 0.5 mm that is not scattered by the air jet.

Among the flow materials, the layer material with small particles flows from the combustion furnace 10 to the cyclone 20 together with air, and the cyclone 20 separates the layer material and falls to the lower side, and the air is discharged to a stack or a waste heat recovery device, etc. make it The finely divided layer material falling from the cyclone 20 is introduced into the loop seal 30 , and the layer material of the loop seal 30 is reintroduced into the combustion furnace 10 . In the combustion furnace 10, the layer material is circulated and heat-exchanged with the solid material of the flowing material.

A fluid processing unit 100 is installed at a lower side of the combustion furnace 10 so that a part of the fluid is discharged. The fluid processing unit 100 is connected to the combustion furnace 10 by a connecting pipe unit 103 and a recovery unit 130 . The fluid processing unit 100 is configured in which a blocking wall unit 120 , a recovery unit 130 , a heat exchanger 140 , an air jet unit 150 , and a layer material scattering unit 160 are installed inside the housing 110 . to be.

The housing 110 is connected to the combustion furnace 10 so that the fluidized material of the combustion furnace 10 is introduced. The housing 110 is connected to the lower side of the combustion furnace 10 by the connecting pipe part 103 .

The blocking wall part 120 partitions the inside of the housing 110 to form a plurality of cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 inside the housing 110 . A plurality of blocking wall portions 120 are disposed inside the housing 110 . The upper side of the blocking wall part 120 is spaced apart from the upper side of the housing 110 by a predetermined distance. The flow material separated into layers in the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 flows to the adjacent cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 over the upper side of the barrier wall unit 120 . Although FIG. 2 illustrates a configuration in which three cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 are formed by the blocking wall part 120 , the present invention is not limited thereto. The blocking wall part 120 will be described in detail below.

The recovery unit 130 connects the housing 110 and the combustion furnace 10 . The recovery unit 130 is a passage for recovering the finely divided layer material scattered from the housing 110 to the combustion furnace 10 . Since the layer material of the housing 110 is recovered to the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery unit 130 , it is possible to prevent a shortage of the layer material in the combustion furnace 10 .

The recovery part 130 includes a plurality of recovery pipe parts 133 respectively disposed above the plurality of cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 . The return pipe unit 133 corresponds to the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 one-to-one. The recovery pipe part 133 is disposed at the upper center of the cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 . Since the return pipe unit 133 is disposed above the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 , respectively, it is possible to set different air flow rates and flow rates in the plurality of cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 .

A hopper part 117 converging toward the recovery pipe part 133 is formed on the upper side of the housing 110 to guide the scattered layer material to the recovery pipe part 133 . The hopper unit 117 is disposed above each of the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 , respectively. The hopper part 117 is formed in a conical shape, and the recovery pipe part 133 is formed at the vertex of the hopper part 117 . Since the hopper part 117 guides the layer material to the recovery pipe part 133 , the layer material can be smoothly recovered through the recovery pipe part 133 . Accordingly, it is possible to improve the recovery efficiency of the layer material.

The heat exchanger 140 is disposed in the plurality of cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 to cool the flowing material. As a cooling medium such as water flows in the heat exchanger 140 , heat is exchanged with the flowing material. The heat exchanger 140 is formed in a zigzag shape inside the cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 . Since the heat exchanger 140 exchanges heat with the fluid in each of the cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 , the temperature of the fluid is relatively high in the cooling chamber part 111 close to the combustion furnace 10 and farther away from the combustion furnace 10 . In the disposed cooling chamber unit 113 , the temperature of the flowing material is relatively lowered.

The air injection unit 150 injects air into the plurality of cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 to flow the fluid. The air supply header 155 is connected to the air injection unit 150 to supply air to the air injection unit 150 . The air supply header 155 may be disposed below the housing 110 . The air jetting unit 150 includes a plurality of air jetting nozzles 153 disposed in each of the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 . The air spraying unit 150 sprays air toward the flowing material. At this time, the flow material having a relatively small particle size is moved to the upper side of the cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 , and the fluid material having a relatively large particle size is located below the cooling chamber part 111 , 112 , 113 . Accordingly, in each of the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 , the fluid is cooled while being separated into layers.

The air injection unit 150 injects air at a flow rate in the range of 2.5-3 Umf. When the air jetting flow rate of the air jetting unit 150 exceeds 3 Umf, mixing of the fluidized material is too active, so that it is difficult to separate the fluidized material into layers. In addition, when the air injection flow rate of the air injection unit 150 is less than 2.5 Umf, the air injection flow rate of the air injection unit 150 is too low, the fluidity of the fluid is significantly reduced or the fluid does not flow. When the air injection flow rate of the air injection unit 150 is in the range of 2.5-3 Umf, layer separation of the flowing material is facilitated while ensuring the fluidity of the flowing material.

The layer material scattering unit 160 is disposed in the plurality of cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 , and sprays air to disperse the layer material having a relatively small particle size among the flowing materials toward the recovery unit 130 . Since the layer material scattering unit 160 scatters the finely divided layer material toward the recovery unit 130 , the layer material may be more recovered in the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery unit 130 . This will be described in more detail.

Since the air jetting unit 150 separates the layers while flowing the fluid, the flow rate of the air injected from the air jetting unit 150 is limited within a certain range so that the fluid is not mixed while flowing. Accordingly, the air injected from the air injection unit 150 may flow the layer material of less than about 0.1 mm to the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery unit 130 . However, since the layer material scattering unit 160 does not need to flow the flowing material, the layer material having a relatively large particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm among the layer materials of the flowing material may be scattered toward the recovery unit 130 .

Therefore, the layer material scattering unit 160 additionally scatters the layer material having a particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm, which cannot be scattered by the air jetting unit 150, toward the recovery unit 130 side, so that the particle size range of the recovered layer material is increased. can increase In addition, since the layer material having a particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm among the flowing materials is prevented from being discharged to the outside, a sufficient amount of the layer material can be supplied to the combustion furnace 10 . Since sufficient layer material is supplied to the combustion furnace 10 , the temperature deviation of the combustion furnace 10 can be reduced as the layer material exchanges heat with the flowing material of the combustion furnace 10 . In addition, since the combustion furnace 10 is stably operated, it is possible to reduce the power generation output or prevent the operation from being stopped.

The recovery part 130 is disposed on the upper side of the housing 110 , and the layer material scattering part 160 is disposed between the heat exchanger 140 and the recovery part 130 . Since the layer material scattering unit 160 is disposed between the heat exchanger 140 and the recovery unit 130 , the air sprayed from the layer material scattering unit 160 flows below the layer material scattering unit 160 . do not move Accordingly, the layer material scattering unit 160 can increase the flow rate of the jetted air so as to scatter the layer material having a particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm, so that the recovery rate of the layer material in the cooling chamber units 111, 112, 113 can be increased. .

Discharge units 171 and 173 are formed in the cooling chamber unit 113 disposed farthest from the combustion furnace 10 to discharge the sufficiently cooled flowing material to the outside. The discharge units 171 and 173 include an upper discharge pipe unit 171 disposed above the cooling chamber unit 113 and a lower discharge pipe unit 173 disposed below the cooling chamber unit 113 . The upper discharge pipe part 171 discharges the small particle flow material located on the upper side of the cooling chamber part 113 . The lower discharge pipe part 173 discharges the large particle flow material located on the lower side of the cooling chamber part 113 . The fluid discharged from the cooling chamber unit 113 may be recycled.

4 is a plan view showing a part of the layer material scattering part in the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 shows a part of the layer material scattering part in the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention This is one side view.

4 and 5 , the layer material scattering unit 160 includes a plurality of scattering nozzle units 161 respectively disposed in the plurality of cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 . When three cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 are formed inside the housing 110 , a plurality of scattering nozzle units 161 are disposed one for each cooling chamber unit 111 , 112 , and 113 . The scattering nozzle unit 161 includes a plurality of scattering nozzles 161a. The scattering nozzle 161a sprays air upward.

The temperature of the layer material recovered in the combustion furnace 10 is controlled by adjusting the air injection amounts of the plurality of scattering nozzles 161, respectively. Since the temperature of the combustion furnace 10 can be adjusted according to the temperature of the layer material recovered in the combustion furnace 10 , the operation stability of the combustion furnace 10 can be secured. A specific example of controlling the temperature of the layer material recovered in the combustion furnace 10 is as follows.

When the high-temperature layer material is required in the combustion furnace 10 , the layer material scattering unit 160 of the cooling chamber unit 111 disposed closest to the combustion furnace 10 increases the flow rate of air compared to the reference flow rate. At this time, since the cooling chamber part 111 close to the combustion furnace 10 has the highest temperature, a relatively large amount of the high-temperature layer material is supplied to the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery pipe part 133 .

In addition, when a medium-temperature layer material is required in the combustion furnace 10 , the layer material scattering unit 160 of the cooling chamber unit 112 disposed at an intermediate distance from the combustion furnace 10 increases the flow rate of air than the reference flow rate. make it At this time, since the cooling chamber part 112 at an intermediate distance in the combustion furnace 10 is at an intermediate temperature between the cooling chamber parts 111 and 113 on both sides, the intermediate temperature layer material is relative to the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery pipe part 133 . supplied a lot with

In addition, when a low-temperature layer material is required in the combustion furnace 10, the layer material scattering unit 160 of the cooling chamber unit 113 disposed farthest from the combustion furnace 10 increases the flow rate of air than the reference flow rate. . At this time, since the cooling chamber part 113 disposed farthest from the combustion furnace 10 is the lowest temperature, a relatively large amount of the low-temperature layer material is supplied to the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery pipe part 133 .

A plurality of passage holes 163 are formed in the layer material scattering unit 160 so that the fluid discharged from the combustion furnace 10 or the adjacent cooling chamber units 111, 112, and 113 can pass therethrough. Since the plurality of through holes 163 are formed, the flowing material supplied from the combustion furnace 10 or the adjacent cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 moves to the lower side of the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 through the layer material scattering unit 160 . can be

The layer material scattering unit 160 is formed in a mesh shape, and a plurality of scattering nozzle units 161 are formed on the upper side of the layer material scattering unit 160 to spray air toward the recovery unit 130 . The scattering nozzle unit 161 may be formed in a size of 0.1 mm or less to prevent the layer material from flowing into the inside of the layer material scattering unit 160 through the scattering nozzle unit 161 .

The layer material scattering unit 160 is disposed on the upper side of the heat exchanger 140 in multiple stages, and the multi-stage layer material scattering unit 160 is connected to the header unit 165 . The header unit 165 simultaneously supplies air to the plurality of layer material scattering units 160 . Since the layer material scattering unit 160 is arranged in multiple stages, it is possible to prevent the flow rate of the air injected from the layer material scattering unit 160 from being decelerated in the space between the layer material scattering unit 160 and the recovery unit 130 . have. Therefore, after the layer material of 0.1-0.5mm particles is scattered, it can be recovered in the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery unit 130 .

6 is a front view illustrating a barrier wall in the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the barrier wall in the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 6 and 7 , a flow hole 123 is formed in the blocking wall part 120 so that the flow material of the cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 flows to the adjacent cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 . Since the flow hole 123 serves as a passage through which the fluid moves toward the adjacent cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 , the cooling chamber part in which the fluid is disposed farthest from the cooling chamber part 111 close to the combustion furnace 10 . (113) can be sequentially flowed.

The flow hole part 123 is disposed below the blocking wall part 120 . The height of the flow hole 123 is formed to be 0.3 m or less. At this time, the fluidized material having a large particle size is layer-separated on the lower side of the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 by the air injection of the air injection unit 150 , and the fluid material having a small particle size is layer-separated on the upper side of the cooling chamber. Accordingly, the fluid material having a large particle size flows to the adjacent cooling chamber parts 111, 112, and 113 through the flow hole 123, and the fluid substance having a small particle size exceeds the upper side of the blocking wall part 120 and the adjacent cooling chamber parts 111, 112, 113. is moved to In addition, since the flow hole part 123 is disposed below the blocking wall part 120 , a fluid material having a large particle size can smoothly flow to the adjacent cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 through the lower side of the blocking wall part 120 . Accordingly, since it is possible to improve the discharge performance of the fluid material having a large particle size, it is possible to prevent the flow material having a large particle size from being delayed in the lower side of the cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 .

The blocking wall part 120 is disposed on the periphery of the flow hole part 123 , and includes a blocking nozzle part 125 for spraying air into the flow hole part 123 to block the flow material from passing through the flow hole part 123 . do. Since the blocking nozzle part 125 injects air into the flow hole part 123 to form an air curtain, the flow material is blocked by the air curtain and does not pass through the flow hole part 123 . Accordingly, the flow of the flowing material may be controlled by the blocking nozzle unit 125 being driven and stopped.

The air injection direction of the blocking nozzle part 125 is inclined toward the outside of the flow hole part 123 . The blocking nozzle part 125 may be arranged in a plurality of rows below the flow hole part 123 . Since the air injection direction of the blocking nozzle part 125 is formed to be inclined, it is possible to prevent the blocking wall part 120 from being worn by the air injected from the blocking nozzle part 125 .

The operation of the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

In the combustion furnace 10, fuel is burned. At this time, since the windbox 15 injects air to the lower side of the combustion furnace 10, the fuel, which is a fluid, is burned while flowing. Part of the fluidized material of the combustion furnace 10 is discharged to the cooling chamber part 111 closest to the combustion furnace 10 .

The air spraying unit 150 sprays the lower side of the cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 . The air supplied from the air injection unit 150 is cooled while flowing the fluid in the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 . At this time, the flow material having a small particle size flows to the upper side of the cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 , and the fluid material having a large particle size is located below the cooling chamber part 111 , 112 , 113 . Accordingly, in the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 , the flowing material is separated by particle size.

The flow material having a large particle size flows to the adjacent cooling chamber parts 111 , 112 , and 113 through the flow hole 123 of the blocking wall part 120 , and the inducing material having a small particle size exceeds the upper side of the blocking wall part 120 and adjacent to the cooling chamber. flows to the sections 111,112 and 113. As the flowing material flows as described above, it is moved to the cooling chamber part 113 disposed farthest from the combustion furnace 10 . An upper discharge pipe part 171 and a lower discharge pipe part 173 are connected to the last cooling chamber part 113 . A fluid material having a large particle size is discharged through the lower discharge pipe part 173 , and a fluid material having a small particle size is discharged through the upper discharge pipe part 171 .

On the other hand, the flow air injected from the air injection unit 150 may obtain the minimum fluidization speed with respect to the average particle size of the flowing material from the following relational expression. The minimum fluidization rate is adjusted to 2.5-3 Umf.

는 기체 점도,

는 입도 크기,

는 기체 밀도,

는 입자 밀도,

는 중력가속도이다.here,

is the gas viscosity,

is the particle size,

is the gas density,

is the particle density,

is the gravitational acceleration.

As the air is sprayed from the air spraying unit 150 , the flow material having a small particle size flows to the upper side of the cooling chamber units 111 , 112 , and 113 , and the layers are separated. At this time, the layer material having a particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm is scattered toward the recovery part 130 by the scattering spraying part spraying air.

At this time, the terminal velocity for the layer material having a particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm in the scattering separation unit can be obtained by the following relational expression. The air amount of the layer material scattering unit 160 is adjusted so that the sum of the amount of air injected into each cooling chamber unit 111 , 112 , and 113 and the air amount of the layer material scattering unit 160 becomes the scattering flow rate of the layer material.

,(a)

,

,(b)

,

,(c)

,

는 기체 점도,

는 입자 크기,

는 기체 밀도,

는 입자 밀도,

는 중력가속도,

는 기체 속도, Re는 레이놀즈수이다.here,

is the gas viscosity,

is the particle size,

is the gas density,

is the particle density,

is the acceleration due to gravity,

is the gas velocity and Re is the Reynolds number.

The temperature of the layer material recovered in the combustion furnace 10 is controlled by adjusting the air injection amounts of the plurality of scattering nozzles 161, respectively.

For example, when a high-temperature layer material is required in the combustion furnace 10 , the layer material scattering unit 160 of the cooling chamber unit 111 disposed closest to the combustion furnace 10 may lower the flow rate of air than the reference flow rate. increase At this time, since the cooling chamber part 111 close to the combustion furnace 10 has the highest temperature, a relatively large amount of the high-temperature layer material is supplied to the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery pipe part 133 .

In addition, when a medium-temperature layer material is required in the combustion furnace 10 , the layer material scattering unit 160 of the cooling chamber unit 112 disposed at an intermediate distance from the combustion furnace 10 increases the flow rate of air than the reference flow rate. make it At this time, since the cooling chamber part 112 at an intermediate distance in the combustion furnace 10 is at an intermediate temperature between the cooling chamber parts 111 and 113 on both sides, the intermediate temperature layer material is relative to the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery pipe part 133 . supplied a lot with

In addition, when a low-temperature layer material is required in the combustion furnace 10, the layer material scattering unit 160 of the cooling chamber unit 113 disposed farthest from the combustion furnace 10 increases the flow rate of air than the reference flow rate. . At this time, since the cooling chamber part 113 disposed farthest from the combustion furnace 10 is the lowest temperature, a relatively large amount of the low-temperature layer material is supplied to the combustion furnace 10 through the recovery pipe part 133 .

As such, since the temperature of the combustion furnace 10 can be adjusted according to the temperature of the layer material recovered in the combustion furnace 10 , the operation stability of the combustion furnace 10 can be secured.

As described above, the layer material scattering unit 160 scatters the layer material having a particle size that cannot be scattered by the air spray unit 150 toward the recovery unit 130, so that the particle size range of the layer material to be recovered can be increased. .

In addition, since sufficient layer material is supplied to the combustion furnace 10 , the temperature deviation of the combustion furnace 10 can be reduced as the layer material exchanges heat with the flowing material of the combustion furnace 10 . Accordingly, since the combustion furnace 10 is stably operated, it is possible to reduce the power generation output or prevent the operation from being stopped.

In addition, since the temperature of the combustion furnace 10 can be adjusted according to the temperature of the layer material recovered in the combustion furnace 10 , the operation stability of the combustion furnace 10 can be secured.

In addition, since the flow hole part 123 is formed in the blocking wall part 120 so that the flow material of the cooling chamber parts 111, 112, and 113 flows to the adjacent cooling chamber parts 111, 112, 113, the flow material having a large particle size flows through the flow hole part 123. may be discharged to the adjacent cooling chamber units 111, 112, and 113 through the .

In addition, since the blocking nozzle part 125 injects air into the flow hole part 123 to form an air curtain, the flow material is blocked by the air curtain and does not pass through the flow hole part 123 . Accordingly, the flow of the flowing material may be controlled by the blocking nozzle unit 125 being driven and stopped.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and those of ordinary skill in the art to which various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible. will understand

Accordingly, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

10: furnace 15: windbox
20: cyclone 30: loop seal
100: fluid processing unit 110: housing
111, 112, 113: cooling chamber part 117: hopper part
120: blocking wall portion 123: flow hole portion
125: blocking nozzle unit 130: recovery unit
133: return pipe 140: heat exchanger
150: air injection unit 153: air injection nozzle
155: air supply header 160: layer material scattering part
161: scattering nozzle unit 161a: scattering nozzle
163: through hole portion 165: header portion
171: upper discharge pipe part 173: lower discharge pipe part

Claims (14)

a housing connected to the combustion furnace so as to introduce a fluid into the combustion furnace;
a blocking wall part partitioning the inside of the housing to form a plurality of cooling chamber parts inside the housing;
a recovery unit connecting the housing and the combustion furnace;
a heat exchanger disposed in the plurality of cooling chambers to cool the flowing material;
an air injection unit for blowing air into a plurality of the cooling chamber units to flow a fluid; and
and a layer material scattering unit disposed in a plurality of the cooling chamber units and configured to spray air to disperse the layer material from the fluidized material toward the recovery unit.
The method of claim 1,
The recovery part is disposed on the upper side of the housing,
The circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that the layer material scattering unit is disposed between the heat exchanger and the recovery unit.
3. The method of claim 2,
The circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that the layer material scattering unit scatters the layer material having a particle size of 0.1-0.5 mm toward the recovery unit.
3. The method of claim 2,
The layer material scattering unit circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of scattering nozzle units respectively disposed in the plurality of the cooling chamber unit.
5. The method of claim 4,
Circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that controlling the temperature of the layer material recovered to the combustion furnace by adjusting the air injection amount of the plurality of scattering nozzles, respectively.
3. The method of claim 2,
A circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that a plurality of passage holes are formed in the layer material scattering part to allow the fluidized material discharged from the combustion furnace or the cooling chamber part to pass therethrough.
7. The method of claim 6,
The layer material scattering part is formed in the form of a mesh,
A circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that a plurality of scattering nozzles are formed on the upper side of the layer material scattering part to spray air toward the recovery part.
3. The method of claim 2,
The circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a flow hole is formed in the blocking wall so that the fluidized material of the cooling chamber flows to the adjacent cooling chamber.
9. The method of claim 8,
The blocking wall portion is disposed on the periphery of the flow hole portion, the circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus characterized in that it comprises a blocking nozzle portion for spraying air into the flow hole portion to block the flow material from passing through the flow hole portion.
10. The method of claim 9,
The circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that the flow hole portion is disposed below the blocking wall portion.
11. The method of claim 10,
The circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that the air injection direction of the blocking nozzle part is formed to be inclined toward the outside of the flow hole part.
3. The method of claim 2,
The recovery part circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of recovery pipe parts respectively disposed above the plurality of cooling chamber parts.
13. The method of claim 12,
A circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that a hopper part converging toward the recovery pipe part is formed on the upper side of the housing to guide the scattered layer material to the recovery pipe part.
The method of claim 1,
The air injection unit circulating fluidized bed boiler apparatus, characterized in that for injecting air at a flow rate in the range of 2.5-3Umf.

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