KR102457493B1 - IoT system for monitoring strain insulator of power line - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an IoT system for monitoring a strain insulator in a distribution line. As transmission line and distribution line often pass through a mountainous area in which trees are dense, when arc discharge occurs in a power line installed in the mountainous area, there is a risk of a large-scale fire such as a forest fire. The present invention relates to the IoT system for monitoring a fire in a distribution line which can detect occurrence or occurrence possibility of arc discharge in advance at a connection part of a strain insulator device in the distribution line and inform a management server or the like through an IoT communication network. In addition, an IoT sensor module included in the present invention is mounted on a pole or a pylon in which the strain insulator is installed, and when series arc discharge occurs due to poor contact or disconnection at the connection part or the like, can automatically detect the arc discharge and transmit a signal through the IoT communication network. Moreover, a monitoring server receiving the signal analyzes a signal transmitted from the other sensor module to quickly find an area in which a fire is expected to occur, thereby preventing a large-scale fire such as a forest fire from developing.

Description

Disability monitoring IoT system in distribution line {IoT system for monitoring strain insulator of power line}

The present invention relates to an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in distribution lines. Distribution lines often pass through mountainous areas with dense trees, and if arc discharges occur in electric lines installed in mountainous areas, there is a risk of spreading to large-scale fires such as forest fires. The present invention relates to an IoT system for fire monitoring of a distribution line, which can detect when an arc discharge occurs in a connection part of a device for a disabled person in a distribution line and notify the management server through the Internet of Things (IoT) communication network. . The IoT sensor module included in the present invention is mounted on a pole or a pylon where a person with a disability is installed, and when a serial arc discharge occurs due to poor contact or disconnection at a connection part, etc. It can transmit a signal, and the monitoring server that receives it analyzes the signal transmitted from other sensor modules to quickly find an area where a fire is expected, thereby preventing the development of large-scale fires such as forest fires.

Among poles and pylons built on distribution lines, there are ‘tension imbalance points’ where the tensions on both sides are different, and there are also ‘long span sections’ where the distance between poles or pylons is much longer than the standard span due to valleys or rivers. In such a tension imbalance location or long span section, the tension applied to the pylon or pole due to the weight or wind of the overhead wire is very large. It is fixed by pulling the overhead wire with an insulator, and the iron tower or electric pole to which the disabled person is mounted is also called a built-in iron tower or a built-in electric pole. In addition, a built-in iron tower or a built-in electric pole is installed in a place where the horizontal direction of the distribution line is changed by more than a certain angle, or the vertical angle is raised or lowered by more than a certain angle. In addition, electric poles installed with electric power devices such as reclosing circuit breakers or pole transformers are often built-in poles, and built-in pylons or built-in poles are also installed at regular spans for stable support of distribution lines. Therefore, at least one or two built-in pylons or built-in electric poles per 10 spans exist in the distribution line.

In a built-in pylon or built-in electric pole, the overhead wire and the obstacle-resistant person are fixed with a clamp to withstand the weight of the overhead wire or the tension caused by the wind. connected through Therefore, the state where severe tension is applied to the part where the overhead wire and the clamp are connected continues, and as time goes by in the state where the tension is applied, it deteriorates due to fatigue or corrosion caused by the accumulation of vibrations. Contact failure or damage to the wire occurs in the part where the connector is fastened, and in severe cases, it may even result in temporary or intermittent disconnection. In particular, in the case of windy valleys, river crossing sections, or mountain ridges, when wind vibrations generate wind vibrations in overhead wires, the frequencies of wind vibrations generated in the wires are different from those of wind vibrations generated in connecting wires or down-cut wires. Fatigue is more severe in areas where electric wires, clamps, and connecting wires are connected, and wear and deterioration tend to proceed more easily. If the wire is temporarily or intermittently disconnected at the connection part of the overhead wire, a series arc discharge occurs.

On the other hand, distribution lines often pass through mountainous areas where trees are dense. In particular, in rural areas, many distribution lines often cross mountainous areas or thick forests. When a ground fault or short circuit accident occurs in a distribution line that crosses an area with many trees, such as a mountainous area, overheating or arc discharge may occur due to the overcurrent generated at the accident point, which may lead to a forest fire. However, in the case of parallel arc discharge, which is an arc discharge caused by a ground fault or short circuit accident between wires, which occurs due to disconnection of the wire itself, etc., a highly reliable traditional protection system such as a ground fault relay or an overload relay operates. Because it is possible to quickly cut off the related lines, there are not many cases that lead to actual fire or casualties.

However, in a pylon or electric pole where a person with a disability is installed, wear and damage due to fatigue accumulation, corrosion due to weathering, etc. occur at the connection point between the obstacle-resistant and overhead wire or at the connection point of the connection line called jumper wire, resulting in poor contact or disconnection, etc. In this case, a series arc discharge occurs, and it is very difficult to detect or prevent such series arc discharge because it is not found with an overload relay or a ground fault relay. Such series arc discharge may lead to large wildfires in dry seasons such as spring, and countermeasures are required. In the case of the forest fire that occurred in Toseong-myeon, Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do in 2019, it was ignited by a series arc discharge that occurred at the connection point of the 22.9kv special high-voltage distribution line, and developed into a very large forest fire that damaged a whopping 1,757ha of forest. Therefore, there is a high need to detect a series arc discharge accident occurring on a distribution line installed in a mountainous area at an early stage and prevent the spread of a forest fire, personal injury, or property damage. The Board of Audit and Inspection also pointed out this problem (the problem of fire risk due to the connection clamp for the disabled) in the audit report on the safety management of power supply facilities issued in December 2019.

Arc discharge refers to a discharge phenomenon in which electricity breaks down insulating layers such as air and flows, generating sparks continuously to generate heat and flame. Arc discharge can be divided into parallel arc discharge and series arc discharge according to the mechanism of its occurrence. As shown in Fig. 1(a), when the wires of each phase are close to each other, such as between phase A and phase B, the parallel arc discharge occurs as the insulation between phases is broken, or when the wire of each phase comes into contact with or close to the ground wire or the ground. This is what happens when the insulation is broken. In other words, parallel arc discharge is a discharge that occurs between wires having a high potential difference, coming into contact with each other in the absence or damaged state, or in the gap between two wires while approaching them too closely. In parallel arc discharge, since the phase-to-phase voltage is directly applied to the arc discharge area, an excessive current flows in the area where the arc discharge occurs. However, in the case of parallel arc discharge, a very large overcurrent is generated in an instant, so it can be detected quickly in a substation or various line protection facilities. damage can be prevented from spreading.

On the other hand, series arc discharge occurs at the incomplete connection of a single conductor, such as poor connection at a connection point or damage to an internal line. That is, as shown in Fig. 1(b), the series arc discharge is an arc discharge generated in a gap formed due to a contact failure or disconnection in one of the wires of each phase. Therefore, the spark or flame generated by the series arc discharge depends on the magnitude of the load current, and is not generated by the potential difference between phases, so it is generated in a smaller size than in the parallel arc discharge. And since it is connected in series with the load, the arc current increases in proportion to the load current, so it is difficult to determine whether an arc discharge has occurred only by understanding the increase or decrease of the current. However, since series arc discharge also causes sparks and flames like parallel arc discharge, there is a possibility that not only power equipment is damaged, but the flame or flame is transferred to surrounding trees or buildings, and it is likely to spread to general fires or wildfires. Nevertheless, there is a problem in that it is difficult to quickly determine whether a series arc discharge occurs because it is rarely accompanied by an overcurrent enough to be detected in the power supply stage, such as in a substation, at the initial stage of the series arc discharge.

As such, arc discharge causes fire hazard as well as casualties, so prompt detection of arc discharge is very important for accident prevention. As a conventional method for detecting arc discharge, it is possible to detect the occurrence of a spark by using a light receiving element near a region where arc discharge is likely to occur, or to detect the occurrence of arc discharge by detecting the ripple voltage or the frequency of the arc waveform. There is a method, and there is also a method of detecting and measuring electromagnetic waves emitted during the arc discharge generation process. However, the method of using a light receiving element is appropriate in a dark indoor such as a substation or a switchboard, but it is difficult to detect the occurrence of a spark outdoors in the presence of sunlight, so it is difficult to use in a transmission line or a distribution line. In addition, the method of detecting arc discharge by analyzing the frequency of the ripple voltage or arc waveform is installed in each supply area or branch circuit to operate a circuit breaker when arc discharge is detected. When arc discharge is detected, it is possible to prevent the spread of arc discharge accidents by blocking the branch line itself, but it becomes impossible to detect the point where the arc discharge occurred among long-distance lines such as transmission lines or distribution lines. That is, the method of detecting and analyzing the frequency of the arc waveform can detect that the arc discharge has occurred at any point in any one line, but it is difficult to detect exactly at which point it occurred, and the There is also the problem that expensive parts are required because analysis and judgment are required.

In the detection method using radiated electromagnetic waves, not only the arrival distance of the radiated electromagnetic waves is short, but also in places where electromagnetic radiation due to other reasons such as lightning, thundercloud or corona discharge occurs, there is a possibility of false detection due to noise caused by them. There are disadvantages. Therefore, it is useful in a closed space such as a switchboard, but it is not suitable for a transmission line or a distribution line installed across a mountainous terrain and a field over a long-distance section. This is because lightning or thunderclouds occur in mountains or fields, and noise due to flashover, reverse flashover, or corona discharge is generated. It is also a very difficult problem to find out where the radiated electromagnetic wave was generated.

Also, there is a method of detecting the occurrence of arc discharge using harmonics. When an arc discharge occurs, harmonics are generated on the wire path. Harmonics generated by arc discharge sometimes flow to the wire of the phase in which the arc discharge occurred, but harmonics generated in each phase flow into the neutral wire to form zero harmonic current. Therefore, it is also possible to determine whether arc discharge has occurred by measuring the third harmonic, which is the zero harmonic current flowing through the neutral wire. However, since harmonics generated in transmission lines or distribution lines are generated by various causes, there is a problem in that it cannot be concluded that the occurrence of harmonics is caused by arc discharge. Therefore, it was difficult to apply the arc discharge detection method through the detection of harmonics.

On the other hand, when wind blows on overhead wires or overhead wires used in distribution lines or transmission lines, wind vibration occurs in which the overhead wire vibrates up and down, and this vibration is called aeolian vibration. Aeolian vibrations are vibrations that always occur when a breeze blows. When a breeze blows within the range of 1 m/s to 7 m/s against an overhead branch or overhead wire, vibration with a frequency of 3 Hz to 150 Hz is generated in the direction perpendicular to the wind direction due to the vortex shedding phenomenon. about cm. These vibrations are called aeolian vibrations. Wind vibrations generated on electric wires and overhead branches in distribution lines or transmission lines can cause damage that negatively affects the reliability or serviceability of electric lines. In other words, if wind vibration continues, fatigue failure occurs in stranded wires used for electric wires and overhead branch wires. In particular, where there is a connection part by clamps, such as a built-in electric pole or a built-in pylon, the possibility of fatigue failure increases.

Fatigue failure due to wind vibration causes damage or partial disconnection of the connection part or connection point of the connecting wire or clamp. This is because, if there is a contact defect or partial disconnection, arc discharge occurs as the contact area touches and falls at the moment of wind vibration. Therefore, it may be possible to consider using wind vibration to determine whether a series arc discharge has occurred. However, it is difficult to use only wind vibration as a means for detecting a series arc discharge because the occurrence of wind vibration does not cause series arc discharge.

The distribution line disability monitoring IoT system according to the present invention devised to solve the above-mentioned problems is a distribution line that can quickly and accurately detect when a serial arc discharge occurs in the obstacle-resistant connection part of a distribution line installed in a mountainous area. The purpose of this is to provide an IoT system for monitoring people with disabilities.

Another object of the present invention is, when a series arc discharge occurs on a distribution line, the management entity can quickly identify the location of the arc discharge to prevent a wildfire from occurring or spreading to a large-scale forest fire. to provide a system.

Another object of the present invention is to have the IoT sensor module that detects the occurrence of an electromagnetic wave due to a serial arc discharge at the connection part of the disabled person on the distribution line transmit a related signal, and the monitoring server that has received it for all other IoT sensor modules By sending a signal to send harmonic measurement values, it is to provide an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in distribution lines that can determine the authenticity of arc discharge occurrence.

Another object of the present invention is to find the point where the series arc discharge occurred using not only the radiated electromagnetic waves and harmonics generated by the series arc discharge, but also the wind vibration that induces the arc discharge, so that the location where the series arc discharge occurred It aims to provide an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in distribution lines that can quickly and accurately detect

Another object of the present invention is to prevent misdetection by filtering when a signal similar to arc discharge is received even though arc discharge has not occurred and to increase the reliability of serial arc discharge detection through this, an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in distribution lines. will provide

Another object of the present invention is to provide an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in distribution lines, which has high durability and low maintenance costs, so that the power to operate the IoT sensor module included in the present invention is supplied semi-permanently, which is highly economical. will be.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an IoT system for monitoring a person with a disability in a distribution line that can perform reliable serial arc discharge detection without using expensive components for analyzing arc discharge waveforms.

Another object of the present invention is when the secondary side of the current transformer is opened so that high voltage is generated at the secondary side of the current transformer in the IoT sensor module included in the present invention, so that the IoT sensor module is not destroyed or a fire occurs. It is to provide an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in a distribution line, which is composed of an IoT sensor module having a safety means that can detect this and short-circuit automatically.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in a distribution line, in which a monitoring server can quickly and easily identify a failure of an IoT sensor module included in the present invention.

The technical problems to be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the description below. There will be.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of IoT sensor modules and a plurality of IoT sensors mounted on an overhead neutral wire in order to monitor a series arc discharge occurring in an electric pole or an obstacle-resistant member of a pylon in a distribution line. An IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities of a distribution line including a monitoring server communicating with a sensor module, wherein each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules includes: - a harmonic measuring means for measuring a harmonic current flowing in the overhead neutral wire; - Vibration amount measuring means for measuring the amount of vibration energy according to the vibration of the processed neutral wire; - electromagnetic wave measuring means for measuring radiated electromagnetic waves generated by arc discharge; - a storage means in which an identification code capable of identifying each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules is stored; - Communication means for transmitting and receiving data by connecting to the Internet of Things (IoT) communication network; and - control means; The harmonic measuring means comprises: - a current transformer fixed to surround the overhead neutral wire; - a current measuring device connected to both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer to measure a harmonic current; - attached to the iron core of the current transformer, the iron core An NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistor that lowers the resistance value and makes itself short-circuited when the temperature of the - When current flows, heats the NTC thermistor and heats the NTC thermistor. Including: - The NTC thermistor and the heating resistor are configured in a series circuit and are connected to both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer, and when a disconnection occurs between the secondary side of the current transformer and the current measuring device, Thus, when the NTC thermistor is short-circuited and a current flows in the series circuit, the short-circuit state of the NTC thermistor is continuously maintained due to the heating of the heating resistor, and the control means is: - Measuring harmonics measured by the harmonic measuring means The value is stored in the storage means at first time intervals, and the amount of vibration energy measured by the vibration amount measuring means is accumulated at the first time interval and stored in the storage means, while the identification code and the amount of vibration energy and A first signal including the harmonic measurement value is generated at second time intervals and transmitted through the communication means, - When the electromagnetic wave measurement value measured by the electromagnetic wave measurement means is monitored, and the electromagnetic wave measurement value is higher than the reference value After generating a second signal including the electromagnetic wave measurement value and the identification code, the second signal is transmitted to the monitoring server through the communication means, wherein the monitoring server includes at least one of the plurality of IoT sensor modules When receiving the second signal from nth harmonic measurement in reverse order from the most recent stored harmonic measurement Transmitting a fourth signal including the n harmonic measurement values and the identification code up to the harmonic measurement value to the monitoring server, and the monitoring server receiving the fourth signal, analyzing the second signal and the fourth signal It is preferable to use the IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in the distribution line, which is characterized in that it determines whether an arc discharge has occurred and the point of occurrence of the arc discharge.

The present invention also provides, in addition to the above features, the monitoring server, - A fourth signal transmitted by the first sensor module, which is an IoT sensor module that transmitted the second signal, or mounted in a position adjacent to the first sensor module In one or more of the fourth signals transmitted by the IoT sensor module, when the most recently stored harmonic measurement value exceeds a certain range than the average of the remaining harmonic measurement values, the location where the first sensor module is installed is designated as the arc discharge point. In the distribution line, characterized in that, when there are a plurality of the first sensor modules, a place in which the first sensor module having the largest electromagnetic wave measurement value is installed is determined as the arc discharge occurrence point among the first sensor modules. It is also desirable to use the disabled person monitoring IoT system.

The present invention also provides, in addition to the above-described features, the amount of vibration energy included in the first signal is accumulated at the first time interval and the amount of vibration energy stored in the storage means is summed for the second time. and the harmonic measurement value included in the first signal is an average of the harmonic measurement value stored in the storage means at the first time interval for the second time, and the monitoring server is the first signal By using the amount of vibration energy and the harmonic measurement value included in It is also desirable to set it as an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in distribution lines.

The present invention also provides, in addition to the above features, the second signal includes the amount of vibration energy, and the amount of vibration energy included in the second signal is stored in the storage means immediately before generating the second signal. Characterized in or in addition to the amount of vibration energy, the control means, when the NTC thermistor is short-circuited, generates a fifth signal including the identification code and transmits it to the monitoring server through the communication means, When receiving the fifth signal, the monitoring server, it is also preferable to set the IoT sensor module that has transmitted the fifth signal as a malfunction monitoring IoT system, characterized in that it is determined that the malfunction.

In addition to the above-described features, the present invention also includes a dipole antenna in the electromagnetic wave measuring means, and the dipole antenna is a wire made of elastic material protruding from the main body of the IoT sensor module to both sides in parallel to the processed neutral wire. In addition, it is also preferable to use an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in a distribution line, characterized in that inertial masses are respectively fixed to both ends of the dipole antenna, and the vibration amount measuring means is included in each of the inertial masses.

As described above, the IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in a distribution line according to the present invention detects an arc discharge using electromagnetic waves, harmonics, and vibration energy at the same time. Even if it occurs in the phase, it has the effect of quickly and accurately detecting it.

To this end, in the present invention, when an electromagnetic wave is generated due to arc discharge on the distribution line, the IoT sensor module detects it quickly and transmits a second signal including the electromagnetic wave measurement value and its identification code, and the second signal transmits a third signal from the monitoring server that receives By analyzing the second signal and the fourth signal, it is possible to quickly and accurately detect the series arc discharge because it determines whether or not the arc discharge occurs and the point of occurrence. Therefore, even if a series arc discharge occurs on the distribution line, it is possible to prevent a wildfire from occurring or spreading to a large forest fire.

As described above, the present invention detects the occurrence of arc discharge by measuring the radiation electromagnetic wave generated due to the arc discharge, but also considers the change in harmonics flowing through the electric wire. It is possible to filter out, and thus has the effect of increasing the reliability of arc discharge detection. That is, in the monitoring server, the most recently stored harmonic measurement value is higher than the average of the remaining harmonic measurement values in one or more of the IoT sensor module that transmitted the second signal or the fourth signal transmitted by the IoT sensor module mounted in a position adjacent to it. If it exceeds a certain range, since the location where the first sensor module is installed is judged as the point of arc discharge, signals other than arc discharge can be filtered out, which has the effect of providing a highly reliable IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in distribution lines. have.

In addition, in the present invention, not only the radiated electromagnetic waves and harmonic signals, but also the amount of vibration energy is taken into consideration to determine whether there is a risk. In other words, it is possible to accurately determine the arc discharge in consideration of the observation of wind vibration occurring in the overhead wire, thereby increasing the reliability of the arc discharge detection. This is because arc discharge does not normally occur even when fatigue fracture occurs at the connection point or connection part of the electric wire, but when it is shaken by the wind, the fractured area is separated or the contact resistance is changed, so that the arc discharge occurs. Therefore, in the present invention, when the radiation electromagnetic wave is observed at a specific location and harmonics are observed in the vicinity, and even wind vibration is sensed at the corresponding location, it is determined that the arc discharge is certain. Therefore, the present invention increases the reliability of the arc discharge occurrence determination, thereby improving the fire prevention effect.

In addition, if the IoT sensor module included in the present invention transmits the first signal including the identification code, the amount of vibration energy and the third harmonic value at the second time interval, the monitoring server determines whether the IoT sensor module operates normally. Since it is possible to automatically perform daily inspection of the system and monitor harmonics on the zero phase current flowing in the distribution line at all times, it is possible to prevent various problems such as overheating of the neutral line and malfunction of the relay due to the zero current flowing in the neutral line of the distribution line in advance. You can even achieve what you can.

In addition, since the first signal also includes the amount of vibration energy, the monitoring server receiving it can measure, compare, and analyze the amount of vibration energy accumulated due to wind vibration generated in each section of the distribution line, and using this It has the effect of identifying in advance the poles that are likely to progress faster due to fatigue failure, wear or deterioration due to fatigue.

In addition, since mass bodies and vibration quantity measuring means can be mounted at both ends of the dipole antenna for electromagnetic wave measurement, the strength of wind vibration generated at the point can be measured very easily, as well as the dipole antenna and the mass function as a damper Therefore, the effect of attenuating the vibration applied to the overhead neutral wire can be achieved at the same time.

In addition, inside the IoT sensor module included in the present invention, a relatively simple and inexpensive technical configuration, such as a means for measuring the intensity of electromagnetic waves, a means for measuring the intensity of harmonics, and means for detecting wind vibration, is provided. Because it is possible to create a configuration that detects arc discharge with high reliability while being economical by using the It has the effect of providing an IoT system.

In addition, an NTC thermistor is connected to both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer in the IoT sensor module included in the present invention, and the NTC thermistor is operated according to the iron core temperature of the current transformer and has a structure that can be short-circuited. Therefore, when a disconnection occurs between the secondary side of the current transformer and the current measuring instrument and the magnetic flux of the current transformer increases and overheats, the NTC thermistor is short-circuited to form a closed circuit, thereby preventing the increase in overheating of the iron core and induced high voltage on the secondary side of the current transformer. can be prevented from becoming Therefore, even if the secondary side of the current transformer is opened due to a failure of the current measuring device or the band filter, overheating or high voltage is generated so that the IoT sensor module is not destroyed or fire does not occur. Since the present invention has such a structure, it is possible to provide an IoT sensor module with enhanced safety even though it is an IoT sensor installed at a very high voltage higher than a special high voltage, and thus a reliable monitoring IoT system for persons with disabilities in distribution lines can be provided. there is an effect

In addition, since the heating resistor is connected in series to the NTC thermistor, and the NTC thermistor is heated when the heating resistor heats up, the NTC thermistor is short-circuited due to overheating of the iron core of the current transformer and the heating resistor generates heat when current flows. will heat up Therefore, even if the NTC thermistor is short-circuited and the temperature of the iron core is lowered, the short-circuit state of the NTC thermistor can be continuously maintained because the heating resistor generates heat. If there is no heating resistance, the NTC thermistor is opened when the NTC thermistor is short-circuited and the iron core temperature goes down. Not only can the thermistor fail easily, but there is also a risk that the IoT sensor module may be destroyed or burned due to repeated high voltage induced on the secondary side of the current transformer and repeated overheating of the iron core. , since the heating resistor has a structure that heats the NTC thermistor, the short-circuit state of the NTC thermistor can be continuously maintained immediately when the current transformer secondary terminal is opened.

In addition, when the NTC thermistor shorts both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer, it includes a configuration for generating and transmitting a fifth signal including an identification code. It has an effect that can be quickly and easily identified.

In addition, since the IoT sensor module included in the present invention has a current transformer for measuring harmonic current, and includes a power supply means constituting a charging circuit with power supplied through the current transformer, operating power can be supplied semi-permanently. . Accordingly, it is possible to provide an IoT sensor module with high durability, low maintenance cost, and high economic feasibility, which has the effect of providing an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in distribution lines with high economic efficiency and reliability.

1 shows a conceptual diagram of generation of a parallel arc discharge (a) and a series arc discharge (b).
Figure 2 shows a pole equipped with a disabled person.
Figure 3 is a detailed view of the installation site for the disabled.
Figure 4 shows an electric pole having a circuit breaker and a person with disabilities.
5 shows a state of the built-in electric pole equipped with the IoT sensor module included in the present invention.
6 is an enlarged view of the IoT sensor module included in the present invention mounted on an electric wire.
7 is an internal configuration diagram of the IoT sensor module included in the present invention.
8 is a circuit diagram of a harmonic measuring means included in the IoT sensor module included in the present invention.
9 shows a current transformer included in the IoT sensor module included in the present invention.
10 is a view for explaining the operating principle of the NTC thermistor and the heating resistor in the harmonic measuring means included in the IoT sensor module included in the present invention.
11 is another embodiment of the IoT sensor module included in the present invention.
12 is another embodiment of the IoT sensor module included in the present invention.
13 is a block diagram of an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in a distribution line according to the present invention.
14 is a flowchart showing the operation process of the IoT system for monitoring the disabled in the distribution line according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail so that the above-described objects and features become clear, and accordingly, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will be able to easily implement the technical idea of the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, if it is determined that the detailed description of the known technology may unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention as it is already well known in the technical field among the known technologies related to the present invention, the detailed description thereof is omitted. to be omitted.

In addition, the terms used in the present invention have been selected as widely used general terms as possible, but in certain cases, there are also terms arbitrarily selected by the applicant. It is intended to clarify that the present invention should be understood as the meaning of the term, not the name. Terms used in the description of the embodiments are only used to describe specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the embodiments. The singular expression includes the plural expression unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Embodiments may be modified in various forms and may have various additional embodiments, in which specific embodiments are shown in the drawings and related detailed descriptions are given. However, this is not intended to limit the embodiments to specific forms, and it should be understood to include all changes or equivalents or substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the embodiments.

In the description of various embodiments, expressions such as “first”, “second”, “first”, or “second” may modify various components of the embodiments, but do not limit the corresponding components. For example, the above expressions do not limit the order and/or importance of corresponding components. The above expressions may be used to distinguish one component from another.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 shows a conceptual diagram for a situation in which parallel arc discharge (a) and series arc discharge (b) occur. As described above, in the parallel arc discharge as shown in FIG. 1(a), due to a short circuit or a ground fault between phases, an overcurrent rapidly flows while a high voltage is applied to a short circuit or a ground fault, so that an arc discharge of a considerable size occurs. However, due to such overcurrent, parallel arc discharge is not only quickly detected by various protection systems such as overcurrent protection facilities or ground fault protection facilities, but also the location of short circuits or ground faults in overcurrent protection facilities or systems. Since even the technology has been developed and applied, in the case of parallel arc discharge, it can be taken rather quickly compared to its size and risk.

However, since the series arc discharge as shown in FIG. 1 (b) is a state connected in series to the load, the voltage applied to the gaps at both ends of the discharged wire is small, so the current value that increases due to the arc is not large, and it is a case that proceeds slowly. In many cases, since the normal state and the arc discharge state alternately occur, there has been a problem in that it is difficult to detect this in the protective equipment installed on the power supply side such as a substation. Even if an arc waveform analysis or ripple voltage analysis device is installed in a substation, etc.

The present invention is to solve this problem, a plurality of IoT sensors that are mounted in a distribution line where a series arc discharge is likely to occur and generate and transmit a signal when receiving an electromagnetic wave while measuring electromagnetic waves, harmonics, vibration energy, etc. It relates to a fire monitoring IoT system for distribution lines that includes a module and a monitoring server that can receive and control the signals sent by them to determine whether or not an arc discharge has occurred and the location of the occurrence. Among distribution lines, in electric poles or pylons equipped with persons with disabilities, not only are there many parts where the wires are connected to each other by clamps or connecting wires (jumper wires), but also fatigue failure, abrasion, Since there is a high possibility of cutting, etc., there is a high risk of arc discharge. The IoT sensor modules included in the present invention are mounted to monitor the fault-tolerant connection part with a high possibility of arc discharge, and arc discharge occurs at the connection part, etc. It determines whether or not to transmit a signal.

FIG. 2 shows an electric pole 210 on which the disabled person 280 is mounted among the distribution lines 200, and FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the disabled person 280 mounting portion. And, FIG. 4 shows an electric pole 210 having a pole power device such as a reclosing circuit breaker 260 . As such, the pole 210 or the pylon with the disabled person 280 is mounted on the 'long-span pole' or the 'long-span pole' that is much longer than the standard span due to a 'tension imbalance point' with different tensions on both sides, or a valley or river. It is a 'pole having an angle' in which the horizontal direction is changed by more than a certain angle, or the vertical angle is raised or lowered by more than a certain angle. And, as shown in FIG. 4, the obstacle-resistant person is also mounted on a pole in which a pole power device such as a reclosing circuit breaker is installed.

In this section, because the tension applied to the pylon or electric pole 210 due to the weight or wind of the overhead wire 220 is large, it can withstand large tension and maintain an appropriate dip. Pull the wire and hold it in place. That is, as shown in FIG. 3 , one overhead wire 220a and an obstacle-resistant person 280a are fixed with a clamp 282 to withstand the tension pulled by the weight or wind of the overhead wire 220, and the clamp 282 ) passing through the overhead wire 220a becomes a connection wire 250 (jumper wire), and one end of the connection wire 250 is fastened to the overhead wire 220b connected to the opposite handicapped person 280b with a coupling bolt 283, etc. to connect Therefore, a state in which severe tension is applied to the portion where the overhead wire 220 and the clamp 282 are connected continues, and the tension is applied to the U-bolt 282a that fastens the clamp 282 to a significant portion. In this state, when wind vibration by wind is generated in the overhead wire 220, the U-bolt 282a fastening portion, the connection portion 255 where the clamp 282 and the connection wire 250 are connected, or the overhead wire 220 and the connection wire Fatigue caused by wind vibration accumulates in the coupling bolts 283 and the like that connect the 250, and in addition to this fatigue phenomenon, corrosion or deterioration that occurs over time is added. , even when tension is applied to the connecting wire 250 due to the relaxation of the U-bolt 282a due to wind vibration. If these phenomena are accumulated, poor contact or disconnection of the wire may occur, and even the connection line 250 may be disconnected.

In particular, in the case of a valley, river crossing section, or ridge area where there is a lot of wind, wind vibration is generated in the overhead wire 220 due to the wind, Since the frequency of the wind vibration generated in the electric wire 270 is different from each other, the overhead wire 220 and the clamp 282, the U-bolt 282a, the overhead wire 220a and the connection part 255 of the connecting wire 250 and the coupling bolt (283) There is a tendency for wear and deterioration to proceed more easily due to the more severe fatigue failure of the fastening parts. Therefore, there is a high possibility that temporary or intermittent disconnection occurs at these connection points or connections. When a temporary or intermittent disconnection occurs at a connection point or a connection part, a series arc discharge occurs. If an arc discharge occurs in the dry season, such as in spring, in a mountainous area with dense trees, the spark or flame dispersion comes into contact with dry leaves, and if a fire occurs due to this, there is a very high possibility that it will develop into a fatal forest fire. In particular, since there are many tension imbalance points, long span poles, etc. in distribution lines passing through mountainous areas, there are many built-in electric poles or built-in pylons equipped with disabled persons 280, so it is necessary to prepare countermeasures for this.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 4 , in the electric pole 210 in which the pole power device such as the reclosing circuit breaker 260 is installed, the cut-down wire 270 branched from the overhead wire 220 and the COS (Cut Out) connected thereto Switch, 240), a down wire 270 for connecting the COS 240 and the reclosing circuit breaker 260, etc. are connected. , there is a possibility that poor contact may occur at the connection part fastened with screws, etc., and when it is shaken by wind or vibration, the fatigue applied to the down wire 270 causes several strands of the down wire 270 to There is a high possibility that some of the stranded wires will be disconnected. When some of the stranded wires constituting the cut-down electric wire 270 are disconnected, heat is generated, and damage or fatigue destruction caused by heat is aggravated, so that the entire electric wire is temporarily or intermittently disconnected. In this way, there is a possibility that a gap may be generated due to poor contact or disconnection at the portion where the electric wire 270 and the power device are connected.

This possibility is the same even in places where switchgear, pole transformer, lightning arrester, power fuse, cable head, circuit breaker or branch line are installed. In a place where such a pole power device is installed, the point where the down-duty wire 270 is connected to the overhead wire 220, the connection part with the power fuse or COS 240, the hot clamp, the screw fastened to the power device connection part, such as a transformer bushing, etc. This is because if it is shaken by wind or vibration, it may become loose, and there is a high possibility of contact failure due to corrosion caused by wind and rain. Therefore, the possibility of a series arc discharge increases in a pylon or electric pole 210 in which a pole power device is installed. will rise

5 shows a state in which the 'IoT sensor module 100' included in the present invention is mounted on the distribution line 200 . As shown in FIG. 5 , the IoT sensor module 100 included in the present invention is mounted on the overhead neutral wire 221 near the electric pole 210 where the fault-tolerant 280 is installed, which is highly likely to cause a series arc discharge among the distribution lines. It is best to do so. 6 shows an enlarged view of the IoT sensor module 100 included in the present invention mounted on an electric wire. As will be described later, since the IoT sensor module 100 included in the present invention has to measure the harmonic components flowing in the electric wire, a current measuring means and a current transformer (CT) for this are used to measure the harmonic current flowing in the overhead neutral wire 221 . should be provided However, in the case of a current transformer (CT), it is preferable to be mounted while wrapping the processed neutral wire 221 , so as shown in FIG. 6 , the main body 101 of the IoT sensor module 100 wraps and fixes the conductor of the processed neutral wire 221 . It is preferable to include a fixing clamp 102 that can be used. And it is preferable that the fixing clamp 102 can be firmly fastened to the processed neutral wire 221 by the fastening means 103 .

7 shows an internal configuration diagram of the IoT sensor module 100 included in the present invention. As described above, the present invention is mounted on the overhead neutral wire 221 of the distribution line 200, and the connection part or connection point of the obstacle-resistant 280 installed in the electric pole 210 or the pylon or the series generated from the wire 270 for cut-down, etc. It includes an IoT sensor module 100 that monitors arc discharge. Therefore, the IoT sensor module 100 includes a harmonic measuring means 110 for measuring a harmonic current flowing in the processed neutral wire 221 , a vibration amount measuring means 170 for detecting the vibration of the processed neutral wire 221 , an arc Identifies each of the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 for measuring the radiated electromagnetic waves generated by the discharge, the communication means 130 for transmitting and receiving data by connecting to the Internet of Things (IoT) communication network, and the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 respectively. It is preferable to include a storage means 140 in which an identification code is stored and a control means 190 capable of controlling these components.

In addition, the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 includes an electromagnetic wave receiving antenna 121 for receiving electromagnetic waves radiated due to serial arc discharge, and the communication means 130 includes Internet of Things (IoT) communication data for transmitting and receiving data. It is preferable to include the IoT antenna 131 . In the case of the electromagnetic wave receiving antenna 121, the electromagnetic wave from the side inclined downward toward the handicapped person 280 of the electric pole 210, the connection line 250, so-called jumper wire, the pole power device or the cut-down wire 270, etc. It is more preferable to use a directional antenna that can receive

When the series arc discharge phenomenon occurs, it is accompanied by high-frequency pulse current, vibration, light, gas, ultrasonic wave, and radiation electromagnetic wave. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether a series arc discharge has occurred by measuring one of the radiated electromagnetic waves. When a series arc discharge occurs, radiation electromagnetic waves are measured in a very wide band of 30Mhz to 500Mhz, and high electric field strength is shown in a band of 100Mhz to 160Mhz. Therefore, in the present invention, the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 is provided to measure the radiated electromagnetic wave, and when a radiated electromagnetic wave having a high electric field strength is emitted due to the occurrence of a series arc discharge, it is sensed to determine whether a series arc discharge has occurred. On the other hand, in the case of radiated electromagnetic waves due to series arc discharge, as described above, since the frequency band is very high (microwaves and microwaves), the straightness is high and there is no reflection in the ionosphere. And since the radiation output of the electromagnetic wave by the series arc discharge is not so high, the radiation electromagnetic wave caused by the series arc discharge cannot reach far. Therefore, measurement is possible only in the vicinity or the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 located in the vicinity.

However, in the distribution line, radiated electromagnetic waves are not only generated in series arc discharge or parallel arc discharge, but also by other causes. For example, radiated electromagnetic waves are also generated by corona discharge generated when insulation of the air layer is destroyed by high voltage around the conductor. Therefore, when the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 receives these radiation electromagnetic waves, there is a risk of erroneous determination as a series arc discharge. Therefore, if the series arc discharge is sensed only with radiated electromagnetic waves in an environment such as a distribution line, the probability of erroneous detection is very high and effectiveness is reduced.

Therefore, the IoT sensor module 100 included in the present invention further includes the harmonic measuring means 110 in addition to the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 . When a series arc discharge occurs, harmonics are generated, and in general, the content of the third harmonic component is the highest in addition to the fundamental wave. The third harmonic also flows through the overhead wire 220 of the phase where the series arc discharge occurs, but all the third harmonics generated in each phase flow into the overhead neutral wire 221 to form a zero-phase current. Therefore, theoretically, if the third harmonic component is measured at the neutral line, it can be determined whether a series arc discharge has occurred. However, since harmonic components are generated by various causes in the distribution line, it is impossible to determine whether a series arc discharge has occurred only by measuring the harmonics. However, in the IoT sensor module 100 included in the present invention, the harmonic measurement result measured by the harmonic measurement means 110 is used together with the measurement result of the electromagnetic wave measured by the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 to form a series arc It was possible to accurately determine whether discharge occurred.

To this end, each of the control means 190 included in each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules stores the harmonic measurement value measured by the harmonic measurement means 110 in the storage means 140 at first time intervals, and , it is preferable to accumulate the amount of vibration energy measured by the vibration amount measuring means 170 at the first time interval and store it in the storage means 140 .

Here, "stores the harmonic measurement value in the storage means 140 at the 'first time interval'" means that the harmonic measurement means 110 continuously measures the harmonic measurement value, and the control means ( 190) is the first time among the harmonic measurement values measured every minute, for example, the storage means ( 140) means to store it. And, “accumulating and storing the amount of vibration energy at the first time interval” means that the vibration amount measuring means 170 continuously measures the amount of vibration energy, and the control means 190 causes the measured vibration After calculating the amount of energy accumulated during the first time, it refers to storing the amount of vibration energy accumulated during the first time in the storage means 140 . At this time, it is also preferable that the vibration amount measuring means 170 is a vibration generator, and the amount of power generated by the vibration generator for the first time (wh) is the amount of vibration energy for the first time.

In storing the harmonic measurement value and the amount of vibration energy in the storage means 140 , there will be a limit to the storage capacity of the storage means 140 , and the measurement value included in the generated signal or the generation of a series arc discharge Since the measured value used to determine the value does not use all stored records, only the most recent record is used, so if a certain storage capacity is exceeded, the previously stored records of the measured harmonics and the amount of vibration energy are erased. It is also desirable to store it while

And the control means 190, the identification code, the amount of vibration energy and the measured harmonics so as to inform the monitoring server 500 (refer to FIG. 12) of whether the IoT sensor module 100 is operating normally. It is preferable to generate the first signal included in the second time interval and transmit it to the IoT communication network 700 through the communication means 130 . That is, the first signal is a signal that periodically informs the monitoring server 500 whether the IoT sensor module 100 is operating normally.

It is preferable that the first signal includes the identification code, so that the monitoring server 500 can identify whether the first signal is a signal transmitted from the IoT sensor module 100 installed in which position. Here, the identification code is unique identification information uniquely assigned to each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 , and it is preferable to be stored in the storage means 140 , but the control means 190 or the communication means It is also possible to use the UID included in 130 . The IoT communication network 700 preferably uses a conventional low power wide area (LPWA) communication network such as LoRa, but it is also possible to use a network such as LTE-M. And it is preferable to include the harmonic measurement value and the amount of vibration energy in the first signal so that the monitoring server 500 can monitor and analyze the distribution of the third harmonic value and the wind vibration status of the distribution line 200 . do.

As described above, the first time interval is a relatively short time interval of several seconds or several tens of seconds, but it is preferable that the second time interval is a longer time interval than the first time interval, such as several minutes or several tens of minutes. . More preferably, the second time period is an integer multiple of the first time period. And it is preferable that the amount of vibration energy included in the first signal is the sum of the amount of vibration energy accumulated at the first time interval and stored in the storage means 140 for the second time period, It is preferable that the harmonic measurement value included in the first signal is an average of the harmonic measurement value stored in the storage unit 140 at the first time interval for the second time period.

In this case, the monitoring server 500 can not only check whether the IoT sensor modules 100 are operating normally, but also monitor the third harmonic value flowing in the distribution line 200 at all times. It has a means for monitoring the flowing zero current. In addition, in the monitoring server 500, since the accumulated amount of vibration energy collected by each of the IoT sensor modules 100 can be known, the wind vibration distribution status of the distribution line 200 is monitored while fatigue due to wind vibration is reduced. Since it is possible to identify a location that accumulates a lot, there is an effect that the distribution line 200 can be maintained in a timely manner.

On the other hand, the monitoring server 500 has an identification code for each of the IoT sensor modules 100 and a location table for each mounting position of the IoT sensor module 100 corresponding to each identification code. desirable. And when the monitoring server 500 receives various signals transmitted by the IoT sensor module 100 through the Internet of Things communication network 700, the IoT sensor module ( 100), it is desirable to identify the location and inform the manager.

And it is preferable that the control means 190 constantly monitors the electromagnetic wave measurement value measured by the electromagnetic wave measurement means 120 . The control means 190, while monitoring the electromagnetic wave measurement value measured by the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120, when the electromagnetic wave measurement value is higher than a reference value, generates a second signal including the electromagnetic wave measurement value and the identification code After that, it is preferable to transmit the second signal to the monitoring server 500 through the communication means 130 connected to the IoT communication network 700 .

Here, “when the measured value of electromagnetic wave is higher than the reference value” refers to the measurement level of electromagnetic waves that can be normally received and radiated electromagnetic wave noise generated by corona discharge, etc., from the IoT sensor module 100 to the It is preferable to determine the minimum value that can be measured when a series arc discharge actually occurs in consideration of the distance to the disabled person 280, the connection line 250, the pole power device, or the down-duty wire 270, and set it as a reference value. do. In addition, it is also preferable to limit the electromagnetic wave measurement value measured by the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 to a value measured in a specific frequency band. For example, if it is limited to a band of 100 Mhz to 160 Mhz that can represent a high electric field strength among the radiated electromagnetic waves of the series arc discharge, it will be a method to increase the precision of measurement and reduce the manufacturing cost.

On the other hand, the monitoring server 500, when receiving the second signal from one or more of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100, generates a third signal for all of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 It is preferable to send The third signal is a signal requesting to transmit harmonic measurement values to the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 . Accordingly, each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 receiving the third signal is from the most recently stored harmonic measurement value stored in the storage means 140 to the nth harmonic measurement value in the reverse order. (For example, 10 or 5, etc.) to transmit a fourth signal including the measured harmonics and the identification code to the monitoring server 500, and the monitoring server 500 receiving the fourth signal Preferably, the second signal and the fourth signal are analyzed to determine whether or not an arc discharge occurs and a point of occurrence.

That is, when one of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 - hereinafter referred to as a first sensor module 100a - receives a radiated electromagnetic wave signal, the first sensor module 100a receives the electromagnetic wave signal. The second signal is generated and transmitted to the monitoring server 500 as a signal that the will be. Upon receiving this, the monitoring server 500 generates the third signal to confirm whether the radiation electromagnetic wave signal received by the first sensor module 100a is generated due to the serial arc discharge to generate all IoT sensor modules 100 ), which is to check whether even harmonics due to series arc discharge on the electric wire are generated together. to be.

Accordingly, all IoT sensor modules 100 that have received the third signal transmit the harmonic measurement values stored in their storage means 140 to the monitoring server 500 including the fourth signal, From the most recently stored harmonic measurement value to the nth harmonic measurement value in reverse order, n harmonic measurement values - for example, 10 harmonic measurement values - own identification code are included in the fourth signal and transmitted.

And the monitoring server 500 that has received the fourth signal analyzes the second signal and the fourth signal to determine whether an arc discharge has occurred and the point of occurrence. The fourth signal transmitted by the first sensor module 100c, which is the IoT sensor module 100 that has transmitted the two signals, or the IoT sensor modules 100b and 100d mounted at positions adjacent to both sides of the first sensor module 100c) In one or more of these transmitted fourth signals, the most recently stored harmonic measurement (one or two harmonic measurements) exceeds the average of the remaining harmonic measurements (9 or 8 harmonic measurements) by a certain range. In case - for example, the effective value of the recently stored harmonic current is 10% or more higher than the average of the other harmonic measurement values - It is preferable to determine the location where the first sensor module 100c is installed as the arc discharge occurrence point. However, when there are a plurality of the first sensor modules 100c, the location where the first sensor module 100c having the largest electromagnetic wave measurement value among the first sensor modules 100c is installed is determined as the arc discharge occurrence point. it is preferable

In the present invention, judging whether a series arc discharge occurs only by the increase in harmonics flowing through some IoT sensor modules 100b, 100c, 100d as described above in the present invention, when harmonics occur due to arc discharge, flow toward the power source, so the IoT sensor module mounted on the load side This is because (100) may not be able to capture harmonic increments due to arc discharge. Therefore, in the present invention, there is no need to determine whether harmonic components increase in all IoT sensor modules 100, and harmonics among the first sensor module 100c or the IoT sensor module 100 adjacent to the first sensor module 100c Only the component is judged to increase. However, it is also possible to limit the range of the 'adjacent IoT sensor modules (100b, 100d)' to only the IoT sensor module 100b located on the power supply side with respect to the first sensor module 100c.

Since the present invention has such a configuration, when an electromagnetic wave is measured in a place where the occurrence of a series arc discharge is high - where the IoT sensor module 100 is installed - and harmonics increase near the place where the electromagnetic wave is measured at the same time, it is a series arc Since it is determined that the discharge has occurred, it is possible to accurately determine the occurrence of the series arc discharge without error.

On the other hand, even in the state of intermittent or temporary disconnection due to fatigue failure occurring at the connection point or connection part of the electric wire, arc discharge does not normally occur. This often happens. Therefore, in the present invention, when the radiation electromagnetic wave is observed at a specific position and the harmonics are observed in the vicinity, and even wind vibration is sensed at the corresponding position, a configuration for determining that the arc discharge is certain is included. To this end, it is preferable to further include the amount of vibration energy in the second signal. When the amount of vibration energy is included in the second signal, it is most preferable that the amount of vibration energy is the amount of vibration energy measured immediately before generating the second signal or stored in the storage means. In this way, when the amount of vibration energy is included in the first signal, the monitoring server 500 can make a more accurate determination as to whether an arc discharge has occurred using the signals transmitted from the IoT sensor module 100 . .

That is, when the amount of vibration energy included in the second signal is small or absent, since there is no wind vibration caused by wind, there is no possibility of arc discharge in this case. When the amount of vibration energy included in the second signal is higher than a certain standard, this is a case in which wind vibration is occurring in the overhead wire 220 at the corresponding location. That would be a sure sign that it was happening. Therefore, in this case, it will be possible to instruct an urgent and rapid response for forest fire prevention or track restoration. As such, the present invention uses not only the measured values of radiated electromagnetic waves and harmonics, but also the measured values of wind vibration in judging the occurrence of arc discharge, so it is possible to increase the reliability of the judgment, thereby enhancing the effect of preventing fire due to arc discharge. do.

A detailed configuration diagram of the harmonic measuring means 110 constituting the IoT sensor module 100 included in the present invention is shown in the lower right of FIG. 7 , and a circuit diagram of the harmonic measuring means 110 is shown in FIG. 8 . has been And FIG. 9 shows the internal and external structures of the current transformer 111 included in the harmonic measuring means 110 . Hereinafter, the detailed configuration and operating principle of the harmonic measuring means 110 included in the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 to 9 . As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , the harmonic measuring means 110 included in the present invention is connected to both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer 111 that surrounds and is fixed to the overhead neutral wire 221 , the current transformer 111 . Negative Temperature (NTC) (Negative Temperature) which is attached to the iron core 111a of the current measuring device 113 and the current transformer 111 to measure the harmonic current, and lowers the resistance value when the temperature of the iron core 111a rises. Coefficient) It is preferable to include a thermistor 114 and a heating resistor 115 attached to the outer surface of the NTC thermistor 114 to heat the NTC thermistor 114 by generating heat when a current flows. In addition, the NTC thermistor 114 and the heating resistor 115 are configured in a series circuit and connected to both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer 111 , so that between the secondary side of the current transformer 111 and the current measuring device 113 . When a disconnection occurs in the NTC thermistor 114 due to the temperature rise of the iron core 111a, when a current flows in the series circuit, the NTC thermistor 114 is heated by the heating resistor 115. It is desirable to keep the short circuit state of In addition, since the harmonic current is preferably set to the third harmonic, a band filter 112 is provided between the current measuring device 113 and the current transformer 111 so that the current measuring device 113 can measure only the third harmonic. ) is preferably included.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the current transformers 111 and CT may include an annular iron core 111a surrounding the conductor 221 of the electric wire and a secondary winding 111b wound around the iron core 111a. In this way, the primary side of the current transformer 111 (CT) becomes the conductor 221 of the electric wire, and the secondary side becomes the secondary winding 111b wound around the iron core 111a, thereby connecting the conductor 221 of the electric wire. The current flowing through the secondary winding 111b is lowered at a constant rate to flow through both ends. The iron core 111a constituting the current transformer 111 is connected to the main body 101 of the IoT sensor module 100 and positioned inside the fixing clamp 102 surrounding the conductor 221, so that the fixing clamp When 102 is spread and wrapped around the conductor 221 of the electric wire, the iron core 111a surrounds the conductor 221, and the current induced through the iron core 111a and the secondary winding 111b. flows to the bandpass filter 112 and the current meter 113 . The iron core 111a is opened when the fixing clamp 102 is opened, and when the fixing clamp 102 is tightened, the annular shape can be completed, as shown in FIG. It is also preferable to combine the semi-annular iron cores to form a single annular iron core 111a.

Meanwhile, FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the operating principle of the NTC thermistor 114 and the heating resistor 115 in the harmonic measuring means 110 included in the IoT sensor module according to the present invention. In the case of the current transformer 111, when the secondary side is opened, the magnetic flux of the iron core 111a constituting the current transformer 111 is rapidly increased, so that a high voltage is applied to the secondary side of the current transformer 111, and the iron core 111a Overheating occurs due to magnetic saturation. Therefore, when the part A connected to the current measuring device is disconnected and the secondary side of the current transformer 111 is in an open state, the IoT sensor module 100 may be burned and a local flame may occur. However, the IoT sensor module 100 according to the present invention includes the NTC thermistor 114 and the heating resistor 115 configured as a series circuit as a means to prevent this. The NTC thermistor 140 is an element whose resistance value decreases when the temperature rises. And the NTC thermistor 114 is attached to the iron core 111a of the current transformer 111 so as to operate according to the temperature of the iron core 111a constituting the current transformer 111, so that the temperature of the current transformer 111 is increased. When it rises, the resistance value goes down and it is a configuration in which it is short circuited by itself.

In the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 10 , the NTC thermistor 114 and the heating resistor 115 are configured in a series circuit and are connected to both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer 111 . Therefore, when a disconnection A occurs between the secondary side of the current transformer 111 and the current measuring device 113, the temperature of the iron core 111a increases, and the heat h1 generated from the iron core 111a. ) is applied to the NTC thermistor 114, and when the temperature of the NTC thermistor 114 is increased by the heat h1 generated in the iron core 111a, the NTC thermistor 114 is short-circuited or in a conduction state. becomes When the NTC thermistor 114 conducts or is short-circuited, a current flows in the series circuit, so that the heating resistor 115 generates heat h2 to heat the NTC thermistor 114 . Therefore, even if the heat h1 generated from the iron core disappears according to the short circuit of the NTC thermistor 114, the conduction or short circuit of the NTC thermistor 114 continues due to the heat h2 of the heating resistor 115. maintain.

If only the NTC thermistor 114 is used without the heating resistor 115, the NTC thermistor 114 is short-circuited by the heat h1 generated from the iron core, and when the NTC thermistor 114 is short-circuited, the iron core Since the heat h1 is removed from the NTC thermistor 114 is again in the open state, and when the NTC thermistor 114 is in the open state, the iron core is heated. There is a risk that the function of the NTC thermistor 114 is lost in an instant. However, in the present invention, since the NTC thermistor 114 and the heating resistor 115 are configured in a series circuit, there is no such risk, and from the moment the secondary side of the current transformer 111 is opened, the NTC thermistor 114 conducts or Since the short-circuit condition can be continuously maintained, there is no risk of failure or secondary accident.

And when the NTC thermistor 140 short-circuits both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer 111, the control means 190 generates a fifth signal including the identification code and then connects the communication means 130 It is preferable to transmit the data through the IoT communication network 700 . The control means 190 determines whether the current flowing through the current meter 113 is suddenly changed to zero or a very low current value, measures the current value flowing into the NTC thermistor 114, or the NTC thermistor ( 114) It is possible to know whether the series circuit has short-circuited both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer 111 due to the method of measuring the voltage across both ends, the heating state of the heating resistor 115 or the iron core 111a, and the like. The monitoring server 500 that has received the fifth signal through the IoT communication network 700 is equipped with an IoT sensor module 100 that transmits the fifth signal with the identification code included in the fifth signal. It is possible to identify the location and notify the manager, etc., so that they can take necessary action.

On the other hand, the band filter 112 is connected to both ends of the secondary winding 111b wound around the iron core 111a which is the secondary side of the current transformer 111, It is a configuration that filters out only the harmonic, preferably the third harmonic component. Therefore, the bandpass filter 112 is a bandpass filter that passes only the frequency band of 180hz so that all of the fundamental wave and other harmonic components among the currents transformed by the current transformer 111 can pass and only the third harmonic component can pass. It is preferable to do Since the band filter 112 passes only the third harmonic component, the value measured by the current measuring device 113 may be the effective value of the current of the third harmonic. It is more preferable to transmit the value measured by the current meter 113 to the control means 190 . As such, the present invention can implement the harmonic measuring means 110 for measuring only the third harmonic component with a simple configuration of the CT 111, the band filter 112, and the current measuring device 113, so the number of parts is small, so durability There is an effect that can provide this high and economical IoT sensor module (100).

11 shows another embodiment of the IoT sensor module 100 included in the present invention. This embodiment is an embodiment applicable to a case in which a dipole antenna is employed in the electromagnetic wave receiving antenna 121 included in the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 . In this embodiment, the dipole antenna 121 is preferably a wire made of an elastic material protruding from the main body 101 of the IoT sensor module 100 to both sides in parallel with the processed neutral wire 221 . It is preferable that inertial masses 171 are respectively fixed to both ends of the dipole antenna 121 , and the vibration amount measuring means 170 is included in each of the inertial masses 171 . In this case, when wind vibration occurs in the overhead neutral wire 221, the dipole antenna 121 serves as a messenger cable, and an inertial mass 171 at both ends of the dipole antenna 121 vibrates while the overhead neutral wire ( 221), so that the IoT sensor module 100 can also serve as a damper for absorbing wind vibration of the overhead neutral wire 221. In addition to this, since the vibration amount measuring means 170 is included in each of the inertial masses 171, the vibration amount increases, so it is easier to measure the vibration energy amount, and it can act sensitively to the change amount, so that the vibration amount There is also an effect of increasing the measurement accuracy of the measuring means 170 .

12 shows another embodiment of the IoT sensor module 100 included in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12 , between the current transformer 111 and the band-pass filter 112 , a power supply means 180 capable of supplying power required for operation of each component (communication unit, control unit, etc.) of the IoT sensor module 100 . ) is more preferable to connect. It is preferable that the power supply means 180 includes a storage battery (not shown) that can be charged with the current supplied from the current transformer 111 and a charging circuit (not shown) for this. In this configuration, the power required for the operation of the IoT sensor module 100 can be used semi-permanently.

13 is a block diagram of an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in a distribution line according to the present invention. It is preferable that the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 included in the present invention be mounted at each location where a series arc discharge is likely to occur among transmission lines or distribution lines. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13 , a plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 are wired to a pylon or electric pole 210 in which an obstacle-resistant 280 is mounted on a power transmission line or a distribution line 200 for each overhead neutral wire 221 . will be installed And, as described above, when a serial arc discharge is detected among the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100, the control means 190 of the IoT sensor module 100 that has sensed the serial arc discharge includes its own identification code. After generating the second signal, it is transmitted to the monitoring server 500 through the communication means 130 through the IoT communication network 700 .

The monitoring server 500 has an identification code for each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 and a location table for each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 mounting positions corresponding to each identification code. It is preferable to do And, when the monitoring server 500 determines that a series arc discharge has occurred in the transmission/distribution line it monitors, it is preferable to use the location table to identify the location of the occurrence, and inform the administrator of the identification result. .

14 is a flowchart showing the operation process of the IoT system for monitoring the disabled in the distribution line according to the present invention. Hereinafter, an operation process of the IoT system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 14 . As shown in FIG. 14 , each control unit 190 included in the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 stores the harmonic measurement value measured by the harmonic measurement unit 110 at a first time interval in the storage unit 140 . ), while monitoring the electromagnetic wave measurement value measured by the electromagnetic wave measuring means 120 (step s120), while storing (step s110) in the first sensor module 100a, which is one of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100, When it is determined that the electromagnetic wave measurement value is higher than the reference value (step s130), after generating a second signal including the electromagnetic wave measurement value and the identification code, the communication means 130 connected to the IoT communication network 700 ) to transmit the second signal to the monitoring server 500 (step s140). And, when the monitoring server 500 receives the second signal from one or more of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100, it generates a third signal and includes the first sensor module 100a. It is transmitted to all of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 (step s150).

Each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules 100 that have received the third signal, from the most recently stored harmonic measurement value stored in the storage means 140 to the nth harmonic measurement value in reverse order A fourth signal including the harmonic measurement value (for example, 10 measurement values) and its identification code is transmitted to the monitoring server 500 (step s160). And the monitoring server 500 that has received the fourth signal, analyzes the second signal and the fourth signal to determine whether an arc discharge has occurred and a point of occurrence.

Although the present invention has been described with the various examples described above, the present invention is not necessarily limited to these examples, and various modifications may be made within the scope without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the examples disclosed in the present invention are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention, but to explain, and the scope of the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited by these examples. The protection scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent range should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

100 IoT sensor module
101 Body 102 Fixing Clamp
103 Fastening means 110 Harmonic measuring means
111 current transformer 111a iron core
111b secondary winding 112 bandpass filter
113 Current Meter 114 NTC Thermistor
115 Heating resistance 120 Electromagnetic wave measuring means
121 electromagnetic wave receiving antenna 130 communication means
131 IoT antenna 140 storage means
170 Vibration amount measuring means 171 Inertial mass
180 power supply means
190 Control means
200 distribution lines
210 Jeonju
220 overhead wire 221 overhead neutral wire
240 COS 250 connecting wire (jumper wire)
255 Connection part 260 Reclosing circuit breaker
270 Inha wire 290 Wanggeum
280 Disabled person 282 Clamp
282a U bolt 283 coupling bolt
500 monitoring server
700 Internet of Things Network

Claims (6)

A distribution line comprising a plurality of IoT sensor modules mounted on an overhead neutral wire in order to monitor a series arc discharge occurring in an electric pole or an obstacle-resistant person of a pylon in a distribution line, and a monitoring server communicating with the plurality of IoT sensor modules As an IoT system for monitoring people with disabilities,
Each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules,
- harmonic measuring means for measuring the harmonic current flowing in the overhead neutral wire;
- Vibration amount measuring means for measuring the amount of vibration energy according to the vibration of the processed neutral wire;
- electromagnetic wave measuring means for measuring radiated electromagnetic waves generated by arc discharge;
- a storage means in which an identification code capable of identifying each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules is stored;
- Communication means for transmitting and receiving data by connecting to the Internet of Things (IoT) communication network; and
- control means; includes,
The harmonic measurement means,
- a current transformer that surrounds the processed neutral wire and is fixed;
- A current measuring device connected to both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer to measure the harmonic current;
- A Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor that is attached to the iron core of the current transformer and makes itself short-circuited by lowering the resistance value when the temperature of the iron core rises; and
- A heating resistor attached to the outer surface of the NTC thermistor to heat the NTC thermistor by generating heat when current flows,
- The NTC thermistor and the heating resistor are configured in a series circuit and are connected to both ends of the secondary side of the current transformer. When the thermistor is short-circuited and a current flows in the series circuit, the short-circuit state of the NTC thermistor is continuously maintained by the heating of the heating resistor,
The control means,
- The harmonic measurement value measured by the harmonic measurement means is stored in the storage means at first time intervals, and the amount of vibration energy measured by the vibration amount measurement means is accumulated at the first time interval and stored in the storage means. , a first signal including the identification code, the amount of vibration energy and the harmonic measurement value is generated at a second time interval and transmitted to the monitoring server through the communication means,
- While monitoring the electromagnetic wave measurement value measured by the electromagnetic wave measurement means, if the electromagnetic wave measurement value is higher than a reference value, after generating a second signal including the electromagnetic wave measurement value and the identification code, the second signal is generated through the communication means 2 sends a signal to the monitoring server,
The monitoring server, when receiving the second signal from one or more of the plurality of IoT sensor modules, generates a third signal and transmits it to all of the plurality of IoT sensor modules,
Each of the plurality of IoT sensor modules receiving the third signal includes n harmonic measurement values from the most recently stored harmonic measurement value stored in the storage means to the nth harmonic measurement value in reverse order and the identification Transmitting a fourth signal including a code to the monitoring server,
The monitoring server that has received the fourth signal analyzes the second signal and the fourth signal to determine whether an arc discharge has occurred and a point of occurrence of the arc discharge, characterized in that the monitoring IoT system for the disabled in the distribution line delete According to claim 1,
The amount of vibration energy included in the first signal is the sum of the amount of vibration energy accumulated in the first time interval and stored in the storage means for the second time,
The harmonic measurement value included in the first signal is an average of the harmonic measurement value stored in the storage means at the first time interval for the second time period,
The monitoring server, using the vibration energy amount and the harmonic measurement value included in the first signal, the accumulated amount of wind vibration for each location where the plurality of IoT sensor modules are mounted and the harmonic current for the distribution line Distribution line disabled person monitoring IoT system, characterized in that the distribution can be monitored 4. The method of claim 3,
The second signal includes the amount of vibration energy,
The amount of vibration energy included in the second signal, characterized in that the amount of vibration energy stored in the storage means immediately before generating the second signal, an IoT system for monitoring persons with disabilities in distribution lines According to claim 1,
When the NTC thermistor is short-circuited, the control means generates a fifth signal including the identification code and transmits it to the monitoring server through the communication means,
When receiving the fifth signal, the monitoring server determines that the IoT sensor module that has transmitted the fifth signal is malfunctioning. According to claim 1,
The electromagnetic wave measuring means includes a dipole antenna,
The dipole antenna is made of a wire made of an elastic material that protrudes from the main body of the IoT sensor module to both sides in parallel to the processed neutral wire,
An inertial mass is fixed to both ends of the dipole antenna,
The vibration amount measuring means is characterized in that included in each of the inertial mass, the distribution line disabled person monitoring IoT system

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