KR102442259B1 - Fire detection method using iot time synchronization delay - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a fire in an IoT wireless networking space by utilizing a propagation delay phenomenon of a radio signal. The present invention determines whether a flame is occurred by detecting a delay time in a process of periodically performing IoT time synchronous processing and comparing the delay time with a reference value. Through the present invention, the detection of flame can be performed early in a general IoT-based wireless network environment without expensive optical detection and related signal processing devices, and wireless network configuration information accompanying fire alarm through flame detection, as well as it is possible to minimize encroachment on computing resources of communication devices.

Description

FIRE DETECTION METHOD USING IOT TIME SYNCHRONIZATION DELAY

The present invention relates to a method for detecting a fire in an IoT (IoT) wireless network creation space by utilizing a propagation delay phenomenon of a radio signal, and a process of periodically performing IoT time synchronization processing It detects the delay time in the and compares it with the reference value to determine whether or not a flame has occurred.

Like other disasters, proper initial response to fire is a key factor in damage mitigation, and various fire detection devices and techniques have been developed and utilized.

The operation method of the fire detection device can be largely classified into heat detection, smoke detection, and flame detection. Usually, these detection methods are mixed, but as a means to immediately check whether a fire has occurred at an early stage, a flame That is, the method of detecting the flame is mainly used, and this is due to the characteristics of general combustion and the operating principle of the detection means. In the smoke detection method, sufficient transport or diffusion of smoke particles in the air must be carried out and the concentration must exceed a detectable level, so there is a limit that can be detected only when combustion has progressed to a considerable level after initial ignition. to be.

In particular, in the case of a differential spot type detector, which is a representative device of the current heat detection method, it operates when the temperature rises rapidly, so it is impossible to detect practically in the condition of a gentle temperature rise at the beginning of a fire. In the case of a detector, there is a disadvantage in that malfunctions occur frequently due to contamination of the light emitting part and the light receiving part, which are key components.

Therefore, the application or combination of flame detection methods capable of rapid detection in the early stage of a fire are gradually spreading, and with the recent development of optical technology and the spread of related equipment and parts, the spread of flame detection devices and techniques is accelerating. , The operation method of the flame detection device includes an ultra violet (UV) detection method, which operates based on the photoelectron radiation effect in which excitation electrons are emitted from an object irradiated with light, and a photo sensor. An example of an infrared (IR) sensing method for detecting radiant energy is an example.

Through this flame detection means, relatively rapid fire detection is possible compared to the traditional heat detection or smoke detection method, but the flame detection device is basically a device that operates based on optical measurement, In addition to unavoidable failure, there is a problem in that a sensing device in which a radiation energy sensing device or an imaging device is configured and an independent power is supplied is essential.

In particular, the ultraviolet flame detection device mainly detects short-wavelength ultraviolet rays, and when ultraviolet rays are absorbed by floating substances in the air, such as dust, there is a problem in that the sensitivity is seriously reduced, and the infrared flame detection device is based on carbon dioxide resonance radiation Since long-wavelength detection is performed, it is possible to overcome the problems of the ultraviolet detection device to a certain level, but there is a limit in that it is difficult to apply in the case of a fire that generates little carbon dioxide.

Therefore, although the fire alarm of the conventional flame detection method has various advantages compared to the heat detection method or the smoke detection method, there is a problem that not only requires a considerable cost to construct related facilities, but also there is a possibility of malfunction, in particular, optical Due to the fundamental limitation of base detection, misleading due to concealment or obstacles is inevitable, and application is restricted in general environments such as indoors of buildings, and fire monitoring for open areas such as forest fire monitoring, gymnasiums, hangars, or large warehouses, etc. The use had to be limited to the fire monitoring of the space.

As such, flame detection is basically performed through optical detection, and since it has a limitation due to concealment or obstacles, various attempts have been made to overcome this, and as a part of it, flame detection technology through electromagnetic wave reception is being studied.

When a flame occurs due to the combustion of a substance, electromagnetic waves of various wavelengths are generated. Lights in the visible, infrared or ultraviolet region, which are the basis of the above-described optical sensing, are also a kind of electromagnetic wave, and among the various electromagnetic waves generated by the flame, these visible Electromagnetic waves in the light, infrared and ultraviolet region occupy most of the generated energy.

In other words, various electromagnetic waves are emitted from a material burning flame, but rays in the infrared or ultraviolet region, which account for most of the emitted energy, were mainly used for detection. there will be

Electromagnetic waves that transcend the light range, that is, electromagnetic waves commonly referred to as radio waves, have better reflection and diffraction characteristics than light rays. can

Accordingly, in flame detection, a technology has been developed to receive radio waves emitted from a flame by introducing a radio wave receiving device, that is, an antenna, and to determine whether a flame is generated based on this. call can be heard.

A conventional radio wave reception-based flame detection device including Patent No. 1868082 detects a weak radio wave generated from a flame, and is composed of an active electronic scanning type phased array antenna and a high-level noise canceling device.

That is, the conventional receiving radio-based flame detection device is composed of an ultra-sensitive antenna for receiving a weak radio signal emitted from the flame itself, and a signal processing device that performs noise removal and effective signal amplification, etc. It has the same configuration, and therefore it is inevitable that a huge cost will be required for construction and operation.

In particular, the radio wave emitted from the flame itself is weak in strength compared to the radio wave transmitted from electronic devices including various communication devices as well as the general reflected wave received from the military radar. There was a problem that the wrong side occurs frequently when is set too sensitively.

In addition, in directly receiving the flame emission wave, it is inevitable to block the radio wave due to the nature of the weak emission wave due to concealment or obstacles, and therefore, there is a limit in which significant detection is possible only in open land without concealment and obstacles, In fact, the conventional radio-based flame detection device has little or no operational benefit compared to the conventional optical flame detection device.

Therefore, instead of directly receiving the radio wave emitted from the flame, in the radio network formation space in which the radio wave emission and propagation state of the steady state are established, the radio wave is emitted from the flame. A method of detecting whether a flame has occurred by detecting the occurrence of fluctuations such as a decrease in reception sensitivity of a mesh base radio wave or the formation of noise has been developed, and a related prior art is Patent No. 2211553.

Patent No. 2211553 detects the occurrence of a flame by detecting fluctuations in the waveform characteristics of the base radio wave, which is always propagated in a normal state within the wireless network formation space. In addition to being able to perform the detection of the flame, it has the advantage of being able to quickly detect the beginning of the flame.

In addition, it is possible to build a flame detection system by using wireless network signal transmission and reception equipment in a normal wireless network construction environment such as wireless LAN, so it is possible to dramatically reduce the cost of establishing and operating a flame detection system, and By performing the waveform fluctuation detection of the radio wave of the base radio network rather than the direct reception of the radio wave, relatively sensitive flame detection is possible in spite of the weak flame emission propagation intensity.

In particular, the patent No. 2211553 technology operates based on the base radio waves forming the wireless network, and it is possible to fundamentally solve the inoperability and errors caused by concealment or obstacles, which are chronic problems of conventional flame detection devices regardless of optical system and radio system. In addition, efficient flame detection is possible even in an indoor space with a complex structure.

In this way, through Patent No. 2211553, which performs fire detection by identifying the waveform fluctuations of the base radio waves in the wireless network environment, it breaks the limitations of the traditional radio wave-based flame detection technique, improves the measurement sensitivity and compatibility, and reduces the system construction cost However, there was a problem due to the limitations in the qualitative detection and analysis process of understanding waveform fluctuations.

In other words, in the whole process of understanding waveform fluctuations, objectivity and reproducibility were inevitably lacking due to the characteristics of qualitative detection rather than quantitative measurement. In the process of analysis of detection results and alarm derivation, the problem of excessively demanding equipment performance such as processing speed and capacity was derived even in computerized processing.

In particular, due to the characteristics of Patent No. 2211553, which performs fire alarms using existing information and communication devices constituting a wireless network without building a dedicated fire alarm facility, available computing of wireless network configuration information and communication devices in order to satisfy the above-mentioned computing performance. Resources are inevitably eroded to a considerable extent, which acts as a factor that lowers the intrinsic function of the information and communication device, and can cause various unexpected problems in the operation of the wireless network as well as the operation of the wireless network-connected information and communication device.

The present invention was devised to enable efficient fire detection while initializing computer resource encroachment of wireless network information and communication devices constituting the Internet of Things (IoT) in consideration of the above-mentioned problems. In this, the main device 10 and the follower device 20, which are information communication devices constituting the IoT wireless network, are configured and wirelessly connected to each other, and the main device 10 extracts the time and immediately follows the first main time as the first main time. The step of sending to (20), and the follower device 20 receives the first main synchronizing time and immediately extracts the time and stores it as the first follower time, but is accompanied by the received first main synchronism time and the extracted first follower time The step of storing, the driven device 20 extracts the time and immediately transmits it to the main device 10 as the second driven time, but the step of transmitting the first driven time together, and the main device 10 is the first Receive the follower time and the second follower time, immediately extract the time, and store it as the second main time, but store the received first and second follower time and the extracted second main time together; 10) calculates the delay time by synthesizing the time error and delay time between the first main synchronizing time, the first following time, the second main synchronizing time and the second following time, and the main synchronizing device 10 and the driven machine 20 It is a fire detection method using IoT time-synchronized delay, characterized in that it consists of a step and a step of generating an alarm when the delay time of the main device 10 exceeds a reference value.

In addition, in the present invention, in the fire detection method using IoT, the main device 10 and the follower device 20, which are information communication devices constituting the IoT wireless network, are configured and wirelessly connected to each other, and the follower device 20 extracting the time and immediately sending it to the main device 10 as the first following time; The step of storing the first following time and the extracted first main time together, the driven device 20 extracting the time and immediately sending it to the main device 10 as the second following time, and the main device (10) The step of receiving the second simultaneous time and immediately extracting the time and storing it as a second main synchronizing time, but storing the received second following time and the extracted second main synchronizing time together, the main device 10 is the first Calculating the delay time by synthesizing the time error and delay time between the main driving time, the first following time, the second main time and the second following time, and the main device 10 and the driven device 20, and the main device ( 10) is a fire detection method using IoT time-synchronized delay, characterized in that it generates an alarm when the delay time exceeds the standard value.

Through the present invention, flame detection can be performed early in a general IoT-based wireless network environment without an expensive optical detection and associated signal processing device, and wireless network configuration information accompanying fire alarm through flame detection It is possible to minimize the encroachment on computing resources of communication devices.

In particular, in wireless signal processing for flame detection, complex waveform analysis and related processing can be excluded, making it possible to simplify the overall computational process, and to prevent deterioration of the intrinsic function of information and communication devices accompanying the computational process. can

In addition, since a fire alarm can be performed by using a general IoT-based wireless network information and communication device, it is possible to dramatically reduce the cost required for the establishment and operation of a fire alarm facility.

1 is a configuration diagram of a system applied to the present invention;
Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the signal distribution between the main and follower devices of the present invention
3 is a sequence diagram of the present invention;
4 is a sequence diagram of a follower-initiated embodiment of the present invention;

The detailed configuration and execution process of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, Figure 1 shows the basic configuration of the system of the present invention, as shown, the present invention is an information communication device constituting an IoT (IoT) wireless network, the main device 10 and the follower device 20 It is configured and performed in a situation where it is wirelessly connected to each other, and as hardware constituting the system in which the present invention is performed, information communication devices constituting a wireless network such as a wireless LAN are basically applied.

That is, the present invention is an information communication device constituting an IoT wireless network, which is implemented by an information communication device having a built-in clock and a storage device and a processing device mounted thereon. , an AP (Access Point) type information communication device such as a wireless router operates as the main device 10, and the information communication device connected to the wireless network operates as the follower device 20, Both the main device 10 and the follower device 20 are equipped with their own clocks, memory devices and processing devices.

In the present invention, various information and communication devices as illustrated in FIG. 1 may be applied as the IoT follower device 20 connected to the main device 10 such as an AP through a wireless network, and a specific example thereof is a wireless network connection. Personal computer (20a), smart phone (20b), smart TV (20c), wireless network connection fire alarm (20d), IP camera (20e), wireless network connection smart refrigerator (20f), wireless router (20g), etc. can

Accordingly, it is possible to build the system of the present invention without the addition of a separate dedicated device or major modifications to the existing device under the general IoT wireless network environment as illustrated in FIG. 1 .

On the other hand, FIG. 2 exemplifies a time synchronization process between the main device 10 and the slave device 20 in the IoT wireless network as in FIG. 1 , and the main device 10 and the slave device 20 Inter-time synchronization means a process to match the time of the driven device 20 to the time of the main device 10 in the main device 10 and the driven device 20 each having its own clock (clock) built-in, Time synchronization is also performed through wireless communication between the master device 10 and the slave device 20 through a wireless network.

That is, in the time synchronization, in the main device 10 and the follower device 20 constituting the IoT wireless network, the time for each follower device 20 is matched with the main device 10, and the individual follower device ( 20) can be referred to as a correction process of correcting the follow-up time, which is the time output by the built-in clock, to coincide with the main time, which is the time output by the clock built-in in the main device 10 of the IoT wireless network. As the synchronization processing is continuously and periodically performed, the main device 10 and the follower device 20 of the IoT wireless network output the same detection time at the same absolute time, thereby ensuring accuracy and stability in communication and work performance. .

As such, the periodically performed time synchronization processing between the main device 10 and the driven device 20 is performed through signal exchange between the main device 10 and the driven device 20, as shown in FIG. In the example, two signal transmissions from the main device 10 and one signal transmission from the slave device 20 are performed, so that a total of 3 signal transmissions are performed per time synchronization processing time. Various modifications are possible, such as separately transmitting a start signal for notifying the start of time synchronization processing before signal transmission.

2 illustrates a process in which time synchronization is performed in a state where the error (E) between the main device 10 and the driven device 20 is 10 nanoseconds (ns) before time synchronization processing, and first, the main device 10 It starts with the step of extracting the time from its own clock and immediately transmitting it to the follower device 20 as the first main time Tm1.

After that, the follower device 20 receiving the first main time Tm1 transmitted from the main device 10 immediately extracts the time from its own clock and stores the extracted time as the first follower time Ts1. It is recorded in the device, but at the same time, the first main sync time (Tm1) is also recorded in its own memory device.

Subsequently, the signal transmission by the driven device 20 proceeds, which is that the driven device 20 performs the same processing as the initial signal transmission by the above-described main device 10, and the driven device 20 has its own The time is extracted from the clock and it is immediately transmitted to the main device 10 as the second follow-up time (Ts2), and the main device 10 receiving the transmission signal immediately extracts the time from its own clock, and it It is recorded in its own memory as the time Tm2, but the information received from the follower device 20, such as the second following time Ts2, and the second main time Tm2 are recorded together.

On the other hand, as illustrated in FIG. 2 , in the information transmitted in the signal transmission by the follower device 20 , in addition to the second follower time Ts2 , the first follower that has been recorded in the memory of the follower device 20 in the previous step The time Ts1 is fetched and transmitted together, and as well as the transmission of this first following time Ts1, the signal transmission by the above-described follower device 20 and the receiving process of the main device 10 of the signal are common time It is not information necessary for the synchronization process itself, and it can be said that it is information utilized in the calculation of the delay time Dn of the current session of the present invention, which will be described later.

After that, the above-described time transmission from the main device 10 is additionally performed, the main device 10 extracts the time from its clock and immediately transmits it to the follower device 20 as the third main synchronism time Tm3, The follower device 20 that has received this records the time immediately extracted from its clock as the third follower time (Ts3) in its memory, and at the same time accompanies the third main time (Tm3) in its own memory. It will be recorded, thereby completing the pre-work required for time synchronization processing between the main device 10 and the driven device 20.

As described above, the time synchronization between the main device 10 and the slave device 20 constituting the IoT wireless network is to adjust the clock time of the slave device 20 to the clock time of the main device 10, The follower device 20 is corrected for the clock time, which is collected as described above and previously recorded in the follower device 20, the first main time (Tm1), the first follower time (Ts1), the third It is performed by calculating the error (E) between the main device 10 and the driven device 20 through the formula established as the main driving time (Tm3) and the third driven time (Ts3).

That is, as in FIG. 2, the first main synchronizing time (Tm1), the first following synchronizing time (Ts1), the third main synchronizing time (Tm3) and the third following synchronizing time (Ts3), and the above-mentioned first main synchronizing time (Tm1) Between the first delay time (d1), which is the arrival time after transmission, and the third main time (Tm3), the third delay time (d3), which is the arrival time after transmission, the relational expression as shown in the lower part of the figure is established, at this time the transmission signal is The first delay time (d1) and the third delay time (d3), which are the times that run the distance between the main device 10 and the driven device 20, can be mutually equivalent, and the above relational expression constitutes a system of binary linear equations. While the error (E) can be calculated.

Therefore, the time synchronization processing between the main device 10 and the slave device 20 is completed only by a simple action of adjusting the clock of the driven device 20 by using the calculated error, and this time synchronization processing is performed periodically and repeatedly However, the above-described process is repeated in the same manner every time.

As such, the calculated value practically used in the time synchronization processing between the IoT wireless network master device 10 and the follower device 20 is the error (E) between the clock time of the master device 10 and the clock time of the follower device 20 However, in the process of calculating the error E, the delay times d1, d2, and d3 are also calculated for each signal transmission. ) and the space between the driven device 20 can be said to be the actual time when the radio wave ran.

Therefore, when a flame is generated on the propagation path of radio waves between the main device 10 and the driven device 20, the delay times d1, d2, d3 may be abnormally extended due to the propagation delay phenomenon caused by the flame. It is possible to detect a fire by identifying it.

Figure 3 shows the process of carrying out the present invention, as shown in the same figure, the fire detection method of the present invention extracts the time by the main driven device 10 and immediately follows the first main time (Tm1) as the driven device It is transmitted to (20), and at the same time, the first main synchronization time (Tm1) is recorded and stored in the main apparatus 10's own memory device.

After that, the follower device 20 receives the first main time (Tm1) and immediately extracts the time and records and stores it in its own memory as the first follower time (Ts1), but the received first main time (Tm1) and the step of storing the extracted first follow-up time Ts1 together is performed.

The subsequent step is not a general time synchronization process, but a step for calculating the delay time (Dn) for each time of the present invention, the follower device 20 extracts the time and immediately the main device ( 10), but fetching the first following time (Ts1) from the memory device and sending it together, and the main device 10 receives the first following time (Ts1) and the second following time (Ts2) and Immediately extract the time and store it as the second main synchronizing time (Tm2), but the received first and second synchronizing time (Ts1) and second synchronizing time (Ts2) and the extracted second main synchronizing time (Tm2) are stored together. .

Therefore, through the above-described process, the memory device of the main synchronizing device 10 contains all of the first main synchronizing time (Tm1), the first following time (Ts1), the second main synchronizing time (Tm2) and the second following time (Ts2). Then, as shown in Figure 3, the main driving device 10 is the first main synchronizing time (Tm1), the first following time (Ts1), the second main synchronizing time (Tm2) and the second following time (Ts2) and , by synthesizing the time error (E) and the delay times (d1, d2) between the main device 10 and the driven device 20 to calculate the delay time (Dn) of the current round, the time error (E) Of course, the delay times (d1, d2) and the delay time (Dn) of each transmission step are calculated.

The premise assumed in the calculation of the time delay time (Dn) of each such time information is that the delay times (d1, d2) of each step, which are the frequency times of radio waves for the same distance, are the same, and therefore the delay time of each step (d1, d2) and the delay time (Dn) of the current session may all be calculated or processed as the same value.

After that, when the delay time (Dn) of the current round exceeds the reference value by the main engine 10, a step of generating an alarm is performed by considering this as a flame occurrence, thereby completing the execution of the fire detection method of the present invention, which is used here As a reference value, a preset value may be applied in consideration of the distance between the main device 10 and the slave device 20, as well as the fact that the time synchronization process, which is the basis of the present invention, is periodically and repeatedly performed. An average delay time that can represent the delay time may be applied.

That is, as exemplified in FIG. 3 , the average delay time is calculated by averaging the delay time (Dn) for each episode, which is calculated in the process of time synchronization processing of a certain number of times before the current session, and this is applied as a reference value. It is possible to accurately determine whether the delay time is abnormal without artificially setting the reference value for each synchronizer 20 .

On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention described above can be said to be a process of detecting a delay time in the time synchronization processing process initiated by the main device 10, but in addition, the time by the slave device 20 as shown in FIG. It is also possible to start the synchronization process, thereby making it possible to efficiently and accurately calculate the delay time, while greatly simplifying the computational processing of the follower device 20 for time synchronization.

That is, in the time synchronization processing and detection of the delay time for fire detection of the present invention, the main device 10 is in charge of most of the computational processing, but the follower device 20 performs only simple transmission of signals, so that the follower device ( 20) to minimize the consumption of computational resources, and the embodiment starts with the step of extracting the time by the follower device 20 and immediately sending it to the main device 10 as the first follower time Ts1 as in FIG. 4 do.

After that, the main device 10 receives the first following time (Ts1) and immediately extracts the time and stores it as the first main synchronizing time (Tm1), but the received first following time (Ts1) and the extracted first main synchronizing time A step of concomitantly storing (Tm1) is performed.

In the subsequent step, substantially the same process as the above-described process is performed again, and the driven device 20 extracts the time and immediately transmits it to the main device 10 as the second driven time Ts2, and the main device ( 10) receives the second following time (Ts2) and immediately extracts the time and stores it as the second main time (Tm2), accompanied by the received second following time (Ts2) and the extracted second main time (Tm2) A storage step is performed.

As such, in the embodiment of Figure 4, the storage device recording of the visual information in the follower device 20 is excluded, and the related operation is also not performed, so that the computer resource encroachment of the follower device 20 can be suppressed, (20) It is possible to faithfully perform the original function.

After that, the main driving device 10 is the first main time (Tm1), the first following time (Ts1), the second main time (Tm2) and the second following time (Ts2), and the main device 10 and the driven device (20) The step of calculating the delay time (Dn) of the current session by combining the time error (E) and the delay times (d1, d2) is performed. The premise that the delay times (d1, d2) of each step, which is the time, are the same applies, and the delay times (d1, d2) of each step and the delay time (Dn) of the current round are also equal.

Subsequently, when the delay time (Dn) of the current round exceeds the reference value by the main engine 10, a step of generating an alarm is performed by considering it as flame occurrence, thereby completing the execution of the fire detection method of the present invention. As for the reference value, a preset value as well as an average delay time may be applied.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the correction of the clock of the time-synchronized driven device 20 in the embodiment of FIG. 4 transmits the time error (E) calculated in the main device 10 to the driven device 20 And, the follower device 20 may be performed by receiving it and adjusting the clock.

10: main machine
20: follower

Claims (2)

In the fire detection method using IoT,
The main device 10 and the follower device 20, which are information and communication devices constituting the IoT wireless network, are configured and wirelessly connected to each other,
The main driving device 10 extracts the time and immediately sending it out to the slave device 20 as the first primary time;
The follower device 20 receives the first main time and immediately extracts the time and stores it as the first follower time, but stores the received first main time and the extracted first follower time together;
The follower device 20 extracts the time and immediately transmits it to the main device 10 as the second follower time, but simultaneously transmits the first follower time;
The main synchronizing device 10 receives the first and second synchronizing time, and immediately extracts the time and stores it as the second main synchronizing time, but the received first and second synchronizing time and the extracted second main synchronizing time accompanying storage;
The main synchronizing device 10 is the first main synchronizing time, the first following time, the second main time and the second following time, and the time error and the delay time between the main machine 10 and the driven machine 20, and the delay time calculating ;
Fire detection method using IoT time-synchronized delay, characterized in that the main device 10 generates an alarm when the delay time exceeds the reference value.
In the fire detection method using IoT,
The main device 10 and the follower device 20, which are information and communication devices constituting the IoT wireless network, are configured and wirelessly connected to each other,
The follower device 20 extracts the time and immediately transmits it to the main device 10 as the first follower time;
The main synchronizing device 10 receiving the first following time and immediately extracting the time and storing it as the first main synchronizing time, but storing the received first following time and the extracted first main synchronizing time together;
The follower device 20 extracts the time and immediately transmits it to the main device 10 as a second follower time;
The main synchronizing device 10 receiving the second synchronizing time, extracting the time immediately, and storing it as a second main synchronizing time, but storing the received second synchronizing time and the extracted second main synchronizing time together;
The main synchronizing device 10 is the first main synchronizing time, the first following time, the second main time and the second following time, and the time error and the delay time between the main machine 10 and the driven machine 20, and the delay time calculating ;
Fire detection method using IoT time-synchronized delay, characterized in that the main device 10 generates an alarm when the delay time exceeds the reference value.

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