KR102423554B1 - Big Water Cooled Fire Grate Bar for Stoker Combustion Furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a large water-cooled grate for stocker-type incineration and combustion, and more particularly, to a large-scale water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion capable of handling and life extension using a heat-resistant steel plate and a ceramic air discharge tip.

Description

Big Water Cooled Fire Grate Bar for Stoker Combustion Furnace

The present invention relates to a large water-cooled grate for stocker-type incineration and combustion, and more particularly, to a large-scale water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion that can be handled using a heat-resistant steel plate and a ceramic air discharge tip and can be handled with an extended lifespan.

In general, in order to incinerate household waste, industrial incineration and combustion, or to burn solid fuel (RDF, RPF, wood chip, etc.), biomass, etc., the floor of the combustion chamber is composed of a grate (stoker type) Incineration and combustion devices are widely used.

In this incineration and combustion device, after incineration and combustion and solid fuel, biomass, etc. are input into the combustion chamber, the grate consisting of a plurality of fire grate units is dried, burned, and post-combusted by the driving system and then treated in the form of combustion ash. have.

Here, the grate is made of a heat-resistant and abrasion-resistant metallic material as an image plane of the combustion chamber.

That is, in the incinerator of Patent Document 1 (Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1175294), as shown in FIG. The phosphorus is supplied to the grate 40 side of the combustion chamber 20 by the input cylinder 13 . Wastes, solid fuel, biomass, etc. supplied to the grate 40 are burned while moving little by little to the lower side by the grate 40 . The combusted incineration ash falls to the incinerator ash receiving hopper 31 of the incineration ash processing unit 30 installed on the lower side of the grate 40, and then is transported to one place by the transfer device 33, etc., collected, and then cooled and discharged.

The grate must have a structure capable of continuously transporting and stirring the inputted waste, solid fuel, biomass, etc., and supplying uniform combustion air to the entire burn surface, and directly with burning high-temperature waste, solid fuel, biomass, etc. Since it is in contact with and directly exposed to high temperatures, it must be designed in preparation for this, and it must have a structure suitable for long-term continuous operation.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the conventional grate includes a fixed grate 43 fixed so as not to move by a support means and a mobile grate 44 driven by a driving mechanism, such as waste, solid fuel, biomass, and the like. They are alternately arranged in a direction orthogonal to the transport direction.

At this time, the fixed grate and the movable grate are composed of a support bar 42 and a plurality of grate units having the same shape supported by the support bar 42 with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12 . The grate unit has a rectangular main body 41a, a front side wall 41b bent orthogonally to the main body 41a at the front of the main body, a side wall 41c formed on the bottom surface of the main body 41a, and a rear side of the side wall 41c A concave portion 41d concave upward is formed. Accordingly, one side of the plurality of grate units is arranged so that one side of the plurality of grate units spans the support rod while maintaining a predetermined distance from each other by placing the concave portion 41d to surround the upper semicircular cross-section of the support rod 42 . In addition, a pair of air holes 41e through which air for burning waste, solid fuel, biomass, etc. are formed is formed in the front wall 41b of the grate unit. Accordingly, through the gap between the air hole 41e and the grate unit spaced apart from each other, the combustion air from the lower part of the grate constituting the bottom surface of the combustion chamber is uniformly introduced into the combustion chamber over the entire bottom surface.

In particular, the material of the grate is made of heat-resistant cast steel integrally cast.

Since the heat-resistant cast steel burns out due to the creep phenomenon when it reaches 550°C or higher, it is cooled by air or water to withstand the temperature in the combustion chamber from 900 to 1200°C.

However, since the heat-resistant cast steel itself weighs a lot, the size that the operator can handle is, for example, 60*530 (left and right* front and back), and the left and right lengths are very short compared to the front and rear lengths as shown in FIG.

Therefore, since several grates need to be connected in each row to form an image plane of the combustion chamber, the assembly workability is very low, and the cost is high.

In addition, since several grates are arranged, the weight that the lower grates have to support is that much, which is not good for the durability of the overall equipment.

In particular, the oxygen supply discharged from the air discharge hole 41e of the grate, which is subjected to high heat due to the high temperature of the combustion chamber, causes burnout due to high heat, so that the air discharge hole 41e is widened and loosened as shown in FIG. 13 .

As such, when the air discharge hole 41e is widened and loosened, there is a very high risk of foreign matter entering. When the air discharge hole 41e is blocked, combustion efficiency is adversely affected due to incomplete combustion, resulting in low productivity.

On the other hand, in the water-cooled grate for heat-resistant cast steel of Patent Document 2 (Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1277484), the air discharge groove is formed to penetrate back and forth through the bottom surface of the front part, so that the occurrence of burnout due to high heat by supplying oxygen Although it is much less than the hole, the construction of a scraper is added to the upper surface of the other grate, and it is necessary to scrape foreign substances caught in the air discharge groove.

In addition, as the bottom surface of the front part is worn according to the front and rear transfer of the water-cooled grate of Patent Document 2, the air exhaust groove is gradually narrowed or foreign substances are caught, so that the air is not supplied properly, resulting in combustion imbalance, which causes clinker (clinker) on the side wall of the combustion chamber ) adhesion is severe, and uneven wear occurs only in the portion corresponding to the bottom surface except for the air exhaust groove on the flat upper surface of the relatively lower water-cooled grate (refer to FIG. 14). Since the uneven wear is alternately pitted grooves, it cannot stably bear loads such as waste, solid fuel, and biomass accumulated there, and durability is remarkably reduced due to the cooling imbalance of the water-cooled grate.

On the other hand, the water-cooled grate for heat-resistant cast steel of Patent Document 2 has a handleable size of 300 * 530 (left and right * front and rear length), and it is very difficult to enlarge it, so the assembly workability is low.

Patent Document 1: Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1175294 Patent Document 2: Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1277484

The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion that is capable of handling and at the same time providing stable air supply.

In order to achieve the above object, a large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion of the present invention includes a top plate, and a body plate for heat-resistant steel plate including a front plate bent down from the front of the top plate; a water cooling passage groove portion in which a semi-pipe is welded and fixed to the back surface of the upper plate; a mounting groove portion installed at the rear of the upper plate and on which a support rod is mounted; It includes a; a plurality of air discharge holes perforated in the left and right directions on the front plate.

In addition, in the large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion of the present invention, a ceramic air discharge tip is inserted and assembled into each of the air discharge holes.

In addition, in the large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion of the present invention, a stopper caught when inserting the ceramic air discharge tip is welded and fixed to the rear surface of the front plate, the lower surface of the stopper and the lower surface of the front plate are different water-cooled grate Forms a bottom surface placed on the surface of the upper plate, the thickness of the lower surface of the stopper is thicker than the thickness of the lower surface of the front plate.

Furthermore, in the large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion of the present invention, the inner surface of the ceramic air discharge tip has a funnel shape in which the diameter of the hole decreases toward the front.

On the other hand, in the large water-cooled grate for incineration and combustion of the stocker of the present invention, the holding groove portion is welded to the rear end of the upper plate at predetermined intervals along the left and right directions by welding and fixing a first holding block, and a first holding block facing the first holding block Including two mounting blocks, the left and right sides of the second mounting block also serve as a second mounting block for fastening in which fastening holes for connection between the body plates are formed.

According to the present invention, there are the following effects.

By perforating a number of air discharge holes in the front plate bent in front of the top plate of the heat-resistant steel plate, when the front and rear lengths are the same, the left and right lengths are quite long, e.g. production is possible Therefore, it has a large size and a handleable weight, so it is very good in constructability and the cost is very low.

In addition, since the lower surface of the front plate is flat as a bottom surface placed on the surface of the other body plate, uneven wear due to forward and backward does not occur.

In particular, by inserting and assembling a ceramic air discharge tip into each air discharge hole, combustion is concentrated due to oxygen supply, and it withstands high heat damage (a phenomenon in which the air hole opens and melts) does not occur (the hole shape retention force is high in heat). also very good).

In addition, since the stopper that is caught when inserting the ceramic air discharge tip on the rear surface of the front plate is fixed by welding, the stopper acts as a jig, making it very easy to assemble the ceramic air discharge tip.

At this time, the lower surface of the stopper and the lower surface of the front plate form a bottom surface that is placed on the upper surface of another water-cooled grate at the same time, and the thickness of the lower surface of the stopper is thicker than the thickness of the lower surface of the front plate, so that the lower surface of the stopper is relatively thin. It serves as a more flat extension to secure a wider forward and backward sliding surface, and greatly improves the load-bearing capacity of accumulated waste, solid fuel, and biomass.

Moreover, since the inner surface of the ceramic air discharge tip has a funnel shape in which the diameter of the hole decreases toward the front, it is not easy for foreign substances to penetrate into the place where the diameter of the hole becomes smaller, and the air discharge speed according to the jet stream is increased to promote active combustion. When reversing, the space for the grate is secured and the combustion air is instantly discharged between the collapsing waste, solid fuel, and biomass layers.

On the other hand, the cradle groove is formed by a second cradle block facing the first cradle block that is welded and fixed at predetermined intervals along the left and right at the rear end of the upper plate, and the left and right sides of the second cradle block are fastened for connection between the main body plates. By forming the ball, it serves as a second mounting block for fastening.

1 and 2 are perspective views of a water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention viewed from the top and bottom.
3, 4 and 5 are a front view, a bottom view and a side view of FIG. 1 ;
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 3, in which the ceramic air discharging tip is assembled.
7 is a cross-sectional view of the ceramic air discharge tip of FIG. 6 before assembly.
8 is a bottom perspective view of two water-cooled gratings of FIG. 2 connected.
9 is a perspective view of the water-cooled grate unit of FIG. 8 installed in a stepwise manner;
10 is a view showing a waste incineration apparatus of a general step-step stocker method.
Fig. 11 is a side cross-sectional view showing the grate according to Fig. 10;
Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the grate according to Fig. 10;
13 is a photograph of a state in which the air outlet of the grate of FIG. 12 is burned out.
14 is a photograph of uneven wear in a zigzag direction in the direction of the air discharge groove formed on the bottom surface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same parts as those of the prior art, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

The front-back direction of the present invention is left and right of the paper, and the left-right direction is defined as perpendicular to the paper.

1 and 2 are perspective views of a water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the top and bottom, and FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are a front view, a bottom view and a side view of FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 6-6 of FIG. 3, in which the ceramic air discharge tip is assembled, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the ceramic air discharge tip of FIG. 6 before assembly, and FIG. 8 is the water-cooled grating of FIG. is a bottom perspective view of two connected, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the water-cooled grate unit of FIG. 8 installed in a stepwise manner.

1 to 9, the large water-cooled grate 100 for stocker incineration and combustion according to this embodiment has a body plate 200 formed by bending a heat-resistant steel plate, and is formed on the back surface of the body plate 200 The water cooling channel groove part 300 to be used, the mounting groove part 400 installed at the rear of the main body plate 200 and in which the support rod 42 is mounted, and a plurality of air holes formed in the front plate 230 of the main body plate 200 . It includes a discharge hole 500 .

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 5 , the body plate 200 includes an upper plate 210 constituting an image plane, and a front plate 230 bent down from the front side of the upper plate 210 .

Since the lower surface 231 of the front plate 230 forms a bottom surface on which the whole is placed in contact with the upper plate of the other water-cooled grate 100' as shown in FIG.

This body plate 200 is a L-shaped bent heat-resistant steel plate, and since its weight is lighter than that of heat-resistant cast steel, the size of the top plate 210 is 1250 * 530 (left and right * front and back) The size is large enough to handle the weight. have Therefore, since the number of rows in which large water-cooled grates of heat-resistant steel sheet are connected is smaller than that of conventional heat-resistant cast steel, assembly workability is fast and the production cost is very low compared to casting.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the water cooling channel groove part 300 is a semi-circular or reflective square-shaped semi-pipe cut in half as a square tube or pipe, and is welded and fixed on the back surface of the upper plate 210 as if an Excel pipe of floor heating is placed. .

Of course, the inlet 301 and the outlet 303 are welded and fixed to the water cooling channel groove part 300 .

As such, the water cooling channel groove part 300 is installed simply by welding and fixing the semi-pipe, and the layout can be freely implemented.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 8 , the mounting groove 400 includes a first mounting block 410 and a first mounting block 410 that are welded and fixed at predetermined intervals along the left and right sides on the rear surface of the rear end of the upper plate 210 . ) and a second mounting block 430 facing.

Accordingly, the space between the plurality of first and second mounting blocks 410 and 430 serves as a mounting groove in which the support rod 42 is mounted.

In particular, the second mounting blocks 430 on the left and right sides of the second mounting blocks 430 also serve as the fastening blocks 450 in which the fastening holes 451 are formed.

Here, in order to connect the large water-cooled grate 100 of the heat-resistant steel plate with bolts and nuts, as shown in FIG. 8 , the fastening block 450 in which the fastening hole 451 is formed on the back side of the left and right ends of the upper plate 210 is provided along the front and back It is welded and fixed at predetermined intervals.

The air discharge hole 500 is a circular hole formed by laser processing.

At this time, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , a hollow cylindrical ceramic air discharge tip 510 is inserted into the air discharge hole 500 .

This is because the ceramic material is a material that withstands oxygen well without being burned out by high heat, and thus, it suppresses the opening and loosening of the hole as much as possible as in the prior art.

When a heat-resistant adhesive is applied to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic air discharge tip 510 and is inserted and installed into the air discharge hole 500, it is completely prevented from being arbitrarily pulled out due to press-fitting and adhesive force.

In particular, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , the inner peripheral surface of the ceramic air discharging tip 510 has a funnel shape that becomes narrower toward the front.

At this time, since the funnel-shaped front hole diameter ⓐ is 1 to 20 mm and ⓑ is 5 to 40 mm, it is very difficult for foreign substances to penetrate into the front hole with a small diameter when moving forward, and the combustion air discharge speed by the jet stream It has an air discharge hole in the form of which combustion air is momentarily escaped between the collapsing waste, solid fuel, and biomass layers while the space for the water-cooled grate is secured when moving backwards.

On the other hand, a stopper 600 serving as a jig for determining a position at which the ceramic air discharge tip 510 is to be inserted into the air discharge hole 500 is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 on the left and right sides of the rear surface of the front plate 230 . It is fixed by welding along the

The top surface of the stopper 600 is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the air discharge tip 510 or slightly above it, so that the hole of the air discharge tip 510 is not blocked and has a height of a position where it hangs.

In addition, the stopper 600 integrally welds the entire square bar, or divides and fixes the welding at every minimum interval (gap) as shown in the drawing, so that the entire bottom surface is maintained as flat as possible (prevention of uneven wear).

At this time, the lower surface 601 of the stopper 600 and the lower surface 231 of the front plate 230 form the bottom surfaces 601 and 231 placed on the surface of the upper plate of the other water-cooled grating 100 ′.

In addition, the thickness T of the lower surface of the stopper 600 is equal to or slightly thicker than the thickness t of the lower surface of the front plate 230 . (here, the thickness is the front-to-rear longitudinal direction)

Accordingly, the lower surface 231 of the front plate 230 has a thickness t made of only a steel plate, and thus the area in contact with the upper plate of the other water-cooled grating 100 ′ is also relatively small, so that the front and rear sliding surfaces may be less stable.

So, due to the effect that the lower surface 601 of the stopper 600 having a thickness T equal to or slightly thicker than the thickness t is more generated, a more stable forward and backward transport as the sliding surface is provided as a double, and accumulated waste and solids They are better able to withstand loads such as fuel, biomass, etc.

As described above, although described with reference to preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can variously modify or modify the present invention within the scope without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. can be carried out.

100,100' : Large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion
200: body plate 210: top plate
230: front panel 231: front panel bottom (bottom surface)
300: water cooling channel groove 400: mounting groove
410,430: first and second mounting blocks 450: block for fastening
500: air discharge hole 510: ceramic air discharge tip
600: stopper 601: stopper lower surface (bottom surface)

Claims (5)

a body plate for a heat-resistant steel plate including an upper plate and a front plate bent down from the front of the upper plate;
a water cooling passage groove portion in which a semi-pipe is welded and fixed to the back surface of the upper plate;
a mounting groove portion installed at the rear of the upper plate and through which the support rod is mounted;
a plurality of air discharge holes perforated along the left and right directions on the front plate; and
and a ceramic air discharge tip inserted and assembled into each of the air discharge holes,
A stopper for inserting the ceramic air discharge tip is fixed to the rear surface of the front plate by welding,
The lower surface of the stopper and the lower surface of the front plate form a bottom surface placed on the surface of the upper plate of another water-cooled grate,
Large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion.
delete The method according to claim 1,
The thickness of the lower surface of the stopper is thicker than the thickness of the lower surface of the front plate,
Large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 3,
The inner surface of the ceramic air discharging tip is a funnel shape in which the diameter of the hole decreases toward the front,
Large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion.
5. The method according to claim 4,
The cradle groove includes a first cradle block welded to the rear end of the upper plate at predetermined intervals in the left and right direction, and a second cradle block facing the first cradle block,
The left and right sides of the second mounting block also serve as a second mounting block for fastening in which fastening holes for connection between the body plates are formed,
Large water-cooled grate for stocker incineration and combustion.

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