KR102375020B1 - Automatic switching device for distribution line load - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic distribution line load switching device and method, and more particularly, when TR2 is defective, MC1 is turned off, TR3 side MC2 ON signal is transmitted t sec after TR2 side MC2 ON is instructed, and when TR1, TR3 overcurrent is detected, TR4 It is related to an automatic distribution line load switching device and method that transmits the MC2 ON signal on the side and automatically returns when the TR 2 repair is completed, and to prevent the transformer from being damaged due to a failure on the load side.

Description

Automatic switching device for distribution line load and method

The present invention relates to an automatic distribution line load switching device and method, and more particularly, when TR2 (2 banks) is defective, MC1 is turned off, TR3 (3 banks) side MC2 ON signal is transmitted, TR2 side MC2 ON is instructed, TR1, It relates to an automatic distribution line load switching device and method that interlocks until each bank is stabilized by sending out MC2 ON signal on the TR4 (4 banks) side when TR3 overcurrent is detected and automatically returns when TR 2 maintenance is completed.

The uninterruptible method using a portable transformer vehicle requires at least four types of equipment, such as a bucket truck, a transformer vehicle, an arsenal crane, and a material transport vehicle, and causes inconvenience to the public and vehicles on narrow roads, and harmful gases caused by the operation of the transformer vehicle. There is a problem in that the cost of the machine increases due to the emission problem and the operation of the transformer vehicle and the cost due to the addition of an operator.

The conventional uninterruptible method using a generator vehicle has a problem with excessive mechanical expenses and equipment transportation charges due to the operation of the generator vehicle, the increased burden on partner companies due to the purchase and maintenance of expensive equipment, and the generation of noise and smoke caused by the operation of the generator. There is a problem that occurs.

In the conventional ESS vehicle construction method, the economic burden of the construction company is increased due to the purchase of expensive equipment, and there is a problem that the construction company's cost increases due to the power cost, the number of constructions and the capacity limitation when charging the battery.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 1a, Korean Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2020-0041535 discloses a high-voltage unit receiving high-voltage power; a transformer converting the high voltage power received from the high voltage unit into low voltage power; and a low voltage unit for outputting the low voltage power converted by the transformer unit;

The transformer provides a three-phase pole transformer for uninterruptible construction including a transformer and a high-voltage switch for opening and closing the high-voltage power applied to the transformer.

However, the conventional invention provides an uninterruptible bypass cable construction method using a transformer for construction without additional equipment, an uninterruptible switchgear construction method using a transformer for construction without additional equipment, and the like, but there is a problem in that a transformer for construction is always provided.

In addition, as shown in Figure 1b, Korean Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2009-0127636 includes a transformer primary bypass cable 24, a transformer secondary bypass cable 21, and a low-voltage line bypass cable 22. In the configured distribution line uninterruptible device (80), the distribution line uninterruptible device (80) includes a three-phase transformer (82) combined with a phase converter (82), a transformer primary bypass switch (84), and a transformer secondary bypass switch (83) and It provides an uninterruptible replacement system for a distribution transformer and a low-voltage line, characterized in that it comprises a phase-by-phase power control device 90 and an energy converter 96 and a three-phase AC-DC converter 100 .

In addition, Korean Patent Laid-Open Patent No. 2009-0024035 discloses a three-phase, four-wire 380/220V supply type transformer or a 1-phase 2-wire 220V supply type alternator for construction with the same specifications as a general transformer used in a distribution line. After installing the transformer on the applicable pole, connecting the transformer to be demolished and the primary and secondary lead wires in the same way and connecting them in parallel, the transformer to be demolished without interruption is removed, and a new transformer is newly installed with the same wiring as the removed transformer for construction. It provides a distribution method for uninterruptible replacement of a pole transformer, characterized in that by removing the transformer for construction in its original state after connecting in parallel with the transformer, it is possible to replace the transformer in an uninterrupted state.

However, since uninterruptible transformer replacement work is possible only with a live-line vehicle, a crane, and one spare transformer, the work is not only simple, but there are problems in narrow places such as alleys, and in particular, the burden of equipment purchase is still high.

Therefore, in the event of a sudden power outage of household electricity, which has become like information and air, it prevents a power outage for at least 3 hours to ensure normal power only after emergency recovery, regardless of day or night, Because uninterruptible equipment must be mobilized during relocation, huge costs are involved, and there is no uninterruptible work inherent in the risk of working on high-voltage lines. The development of such a device became urgent. In addition, there was a high risk of safety accidents in the process of replacing the transformer because a vehicle equipped with an uninterruptible device or a transformer was required.

In addition, if the transformer capacity increases, the volume of the uninterruptible device (live line vehicle, crane and transformer spares, etc.) increases, making it inconvenient to move, and uninterrupted operation was impossible in narrow areas such as alleys. In addition, it was not possible to prevent a power outage due to damage to the transformer due to a line failure on the external customer side rather than a failure of the transformer itself.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2020-0041535 Korean Patent No. 0397778 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-198232 Korean Patent Publication No. 2011-0133322

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in the case of a power outage due to burnout or other matters in any one bank in the low voltage distribution system, or when an overload more than the set value occurs (to prevent burnout due to overload), the adjacent bank automatically It provides a distribution line load automatic switching device and method that checks the amount of self-load of the bank that supplies power and supplies power, and sends a signal to the adjacent bank again when a load greater than the set value occurs so that the load can be shared with the adjacent bank, and a transformer The purpose of this is to prevent a power failure due to damage to the transformer due to a line failure on the external customer side rather than its own failure.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a distribution line load automatic switching method, comprising: an installation step of installing a switchboard in each bank installed in a distribution line and connecting low voltage lines in parallel; and a blocking and switching step of automatically shutting off the bank and switching the role of power supply to another bank during overload operation under certain conditions and internal failure of the bank.

The blocking and switching step includes a step of receiving power from the n-1 and n+1 banks when the n-th bank is burned out and there is a power outage.

The blocking and switching step includes; when an overload is formed in one of the n-1 and n+1 banks, connecting to the remaining banks except for the n, n-1, and n+1 banks.

The blocking and switching step may further include; generating an alarm to the manager when the load amount of the entire bank exceeds a certain value or more.

The present invention is a load amount check unit for checking the load amount of each bank; an image loss detection unit for detecting a phase loss of an electrical signal received to each bank; a switch for shutting off each bank according to the amount of the load and the presence or absence of a phase loss; and a control unit that detects a phase loss and a predetermined value of the load to block the switch and control to connect a switch of an adjacent bank.

It includes; a power detection unit for checking the power supply of the other bank of the respective bank.

It further includes; a bypass device having a bypass function of supplying power by bypassing another transformer in the bank.

It further includes; an alarm generating module when the total load of the plurality of banks is exceeded.

The bank includes a device for blocking damage to the transformer due to an abnormal voltage on the customer side.

The present invention, which is made as described above, automatically supplies power from an adjacent bank and checks the amount of self-load of the bank that supplies power when an overload over a set value occurs (prevents damage caused by overload). It is possible to supply stable and continuous power to consumers by sharing the load with adjacent banks.

Therefore, the present invention does not require a vehicle equipped with a separate uninterruptible device or a transformer.

In addition, the present invention does not perform uninterruptible work inherent in the risk of having to work on a high-voltage line because it supplies power stably until the normal recovery of the burnout bank, and safely accident recovery during normal working hours without emergency dispatch even during a late-night power outage. can

In addition, it is possible to prevent the entire bank from being blacked out due to the transformer being burned out due to a problem on the consumer side, and all the operating states of this device are transmitted to the manager (center), enabling immediate response.

1C is a diagram showing the overall circuit configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a view showing the configuration of each bank configured with a bypass device therebetween according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing a configuration of automatic load switching by taking only three banks as an example according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view for explaining the reason for the t sec delay in the automatic load switching step according to another embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view showing a configuration including a control unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a view showing a method for automatically switching a load on a distribution line according to another embodiment of the present invention divided into two steps.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the second step of FIG. 6 in detail.
8 is a diagram showing in detail a method for automatically switching a load on a distribution line according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described in detail below. This example is provided to more completely explain the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. Accordingly, the shapes of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated to emphasize a clearer description. It should be noted that the same members in each drawing are sometimes shown with the same reference numerals. In addition, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and configurations determined to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention will be omitted.

1C is a view showing the overall circuit configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of each bank configured with a bypass device interposed therebetween, and FIG. 3 is It is a view showing the configuration of automatic load switching using only three banks according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the reason for the t sec delay in the automatic load switching step according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In the present invention, when any one bank in a low voltage distribution system (bank) including a pole transformer and a terrestrial transformer is burned out or a power outage due to other matters, or an overload over a set value occurs (to prevent damage due to overload), the adjacent bank automatically The bank that supplies power and supplies power checks the amount of self-load by itself, and when a load greater than the set value occurs, it sends a signal to the adjacent bank again so that the load can be shared with the adjacent bank. It is a device that can prevent

As shown in Fig. 1c, the present invention is a transformer connection unit 11, a wiring breaker (MCCB; 13), and a detection unit for detecting phase loss of electrical signals received to each bank, and phase loss for preventing erroneous wiring with each bank. (12); a load amount check unit 14 for checking the load amount of each bank; a switch 15 that cuts off each bank according to the amount of the load and the presence or absence of a phase loss; a control unit 30 for controlling to block the switch and connect a switch of an adjacent bank by detecting a phase loss and a predetermined value or more of the load; a power detection unit 17 for checking the power supply of the other bank of each bank; It includes a circuit breaker 18 and the like to prevent the failure of the customer side supplied from the bank.

The control unit 30 includes an image loss detection unit 12 for detecting the phase loss of the electrical signal received to each bank; a load amount check unit 14 for checking the load amount of each bank; It is possible to control a switch 15 that generates a predetermined control signal by receiving a signal from, etc., or blocks each bank according to the amount of the load and the presence or absence of a phase loss.

As one embodiment, the present invention is a bypass device having a bypass function to supply power by bypassing another transformer in the bank as shown in FIG. 2; an alarm generating module when the total load of the plurality of banks is exceeded; etc.

Therefore, the bypass device 20 is located between each bank 10, and when the bank 1 is blackout due to burnout or other matters, or when an overload more than the set value occurs, the power of the bank 2 is supplied, and the situation is again In case of occurrence, the supply to the adjacent bank 3 and the like can be repeated.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the phase loss detection unit (PUR) measures the voltage and current of the secondary side of the transformer input to the connection and phase change unit to measure the amount of electricity (voltage (V), current (I), active power ( kW), reactive power (kVar), apparent power (VA), power factor (cosθ) and voltage fluctuation) are measured.

In order to process the measured electricity quantity according to an embodiment of the present invention, it may include an apparatus for calculating and processing the measured electricity.

A device for calculating and processing the measured electricity quantity after measuring it is an instrument transformer (PT), an instrument current transformer (CT), a low-pass filter and an operational amplifier, a multiplexer, an analog-to-digital conversion unit, and a digital and a signal processing unit.

The switch is composed of a magnetic switch (MC), and a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), a triac, or the like may be used as a semiconductor switching device.

For example, the switch outputs an arc abnormality alarm when an arc-related abnormal state is detected, and outputs an abnormality alarm of the magnetic switch MC when an abnormality occurs in the contact or operation state of the magnetic switch MC.

Therefore, the arc generated in the contact element is prevented in advance by preventing the arc generated in the contact element by opening or closing the magnetic switch, which is the contact element, after the semiconductor switching element of the arc prevention device is closed or opened for an extremely short time before the load is input or opened. It is possible to prevent burnout of contacts and to suppress noise generation due to induction, and provides the effect of extending the life of contact elements such as magnetic switches.

For example, if No. 1 to No. 5 banks are installed, if No. 2 bank burns out and there is a power outage, power is supplied from the banks on both sides, and if an arc occurs in case of instantaneous recovery, both sides (No. 1 or 3) ) and when an overload bank is formed here, the method of connecting to the other bank (No. 4) is used.

In this way, the present invention can stably supply power until the damaged bank is restored to normal.

To this end, the present invention turns off the switch 1 (MC21) on the bank 2 (TR2) side when the phase loss (or phase loss) of the bank 2 (TR2) is detected through the phase loss detection unit (PUR 21) and the power detection unit on the bank 3 (TR3) side ( PUR32) detects the power supply of the low voltage line and if it is off, after t sec after sending the ON signal to the switch 2 (MC32), the control unit 30 that sends the ON signal to the switch 2 (MC22) on the bank 2 (TR2) side is further added include

The control unit 30 sends an ON signal to the switch 2 (MC42) on the bank 4 (TR4) side when an overcurrent is detected in the bank 1 (TR1) and the bank 3 (TR3), and repeats this repeatedly until the manager's bank 2 (TR2) When maintenance is completed, it automatically returns to its original state.

Specifically, the control unit 30 installs a switchboard in each bank installed in the distribution line and connects the low-voltage lines in parallel, and then automatically cuts off and supplies power to the other bank in case of internal failure of the bank and overload operation under certain conditions. You can control all the processes of blocking and switching roles.

The control unit 30 may control to receive power from the n-1 and n+1 banks when the nth bank is damaged due to burnout and power failure in the blocking and switching control method.

The control unit 30 may receive power from all adjacent banks when the load amount of the entire bank is exceeded.

At this time, the control unit 30 may send an alarm to the alarm device in case of emergency. An alarm device to control the contact can be additionally attached.

A real-time monitoring system that can monitor the load amount of each bank in real time, including the alarm device, provides convenience to maintenance by immediately sending an SMS to the manager when an abnormality or overheating of each bank occurs.

For example, if the manager who is the first alarm target is absent or does not receive a call within a certain period of time, the second and third managers are controlled so that they can be contacted in turn, and in the case of the first manager, the overload response manual information By controlling the transmission, it is possible to facilitate the initial response.

Accordingly, in the case of the first manager, the overload response manual information may be received and initial response may be made.

After that, the control unit 30 controls so that the second and third managers can be contacted in turn when the manager, who is the first alarm target, is absent or does not receive a call within a predetermined time.

To this end, the present invention may further include a blank period setting unit configured to set at least one of a vacation day and a public holiday of the manager/person in charge/maintainer as a blank period in the control unit 30 .

The blank period setting unit sets the blank period for at least one or more days among holidays and holidays of the manager according to the lunar or solar calendar, and the step of transmitting abnormal sensor information during the blank period is excluded in the case of the manager can

After that, the control unit 30 controls so that the alarm goes to the second and third managers in turn except for the manager.

The content of the alarm displays detailed information on whether an overload has occurred in any of a plurality of places where a monitoring device for preventing overload of the transformer facility is installed, and controls to stop the alarm when the number of times the alarm sounds is more than a certain value, , by constantly adjusting the maximum number of alarms by reflecting the schedules of the second and third managers, so that there is no number of alarms in the case of vacations of the second and third managers, and increasing the number of alarms when working hours have passed It can be adjusted below politics.

As shown in FIG. 4 , as an embodiment, when the control unit 30 detects a defect (or phase loss) of the bank 2 TR2 through the phase loss detection unit PUR 21, the switch 1 (MC21) on the bank 2 (TR2) side is turned off and the low voltage line power of the power detection unit (PUR32) on the bank 3 (TR3) side is detected and in the off state, the ON signal is sent to the switch 2 (MC32) and after t sec, the switch 2 (MC22) on the bank 2 (TR2) side Send the ON signal.

Because when switch 1 (MC21) and switch 2 (MC22) of bank 2 (TR2) are turned OFF-ON using the AB contact, momentary power failure is applied and the power detection unit (PUR32) on the bank 3 side cannot recognize the power failure and switch 2 (MC32) ) may occur, so the control unit 30 turns on the switch 2 (MC32) of the bank 3 (TR3), and the line on the bank 2 (TR2) side is saved by the bank 3 (TR3) and thus the t After sec, it is preferable to supply in parallel with the bank 1 (TR1) by turning on the switch 2 (MC22) on the bank 2 (TR2) side.

If an overcurrent is detected in Bank 1 (TR1) and Bank 3 (TR3), the ON signal is sent to the switch 2 (MC42) on the bank 4 (TR4) side, and this is repeated until the manager completes the maintenance of Bank 2 (TR2). automatically return

6 is a view showing the automatic distribution line load switching method according to another embodiment of the present invention divided into two steps, FIG. 7 is a view showing the second step of FIG. 6 in detail, and FIG. 8 is another view of the present invention It is a diagram showing in detail a method for automatically switching a load on a distribution line according to another embodiment.

6 to 8, in the present invention, a switchboard is installed in each bank installed in a distribution line, and low voltage lines are connected in parallel.

Connecting the banks in parallel means that one bank is connected to one consumer to supply power, and each bank is connected to each other by a switch or the like.

Subsequently, the present invention includes a blocking and switching step of automatically shutting off and switching the power supply role to another bank during the bank internal failure and overload operation under certain conditions.

That is, the control unit 30 includes an image loss detection unit 12 for detecting the phase loss of an electrical signal received to each bank; a load amount check unit 14 for checking the load amount of each bank; It is possible to generate a certain control signal by receiving a signal from such as, or a switch 15 that blocks each bank according to the amount of the load and the presence or absence of a phase open; by controlling the automatic shutoff of the bank and the power supply role to another bank can be switched there is.

Specifically, the blocking and switching step includes a step of receiving power from the n-1 and n+1 banks when the n-th bank is damaged and there is a power outage.

The blocking and switching step includes; when an overload is formed in one of the n-1 and n+1 banks, connecting to the remaining banks except for the n, n-1, and n+1 banks.

At this time, when the control unit 30 detects a loss (or phase loss) of bank 2 (TR2) through the phase loss detection unit (PUR 21), the bank 2 (TR2) side switch 1 (MC21) is turned off, and the bank 3 (TR3) side switch 1 (MC21) is turned off. When the low voltage line power of the power detection unit (PUR32) is detected and in the ON state, the ON signal is transmitted to the switch 2 (MC32) after t sec and then the ON signal is transmitted to the switch 2 (MC22) on the bank 2 (TR2) side.

In addition, the blocking and switching step includes the step of generating an alarm to the manager when the load amount of the entire bank exceeds a certain value or more.

The control unit 30 is additionally attached to an alarm device that controls so that the second and third managers can be contacted in turn when the manager who is the target of the alarm is absent or does not receive a call within a certain period of time.

After that, the control unit 30 controls so that the second and third managers can be contacted in turn when the manager, who is the first alarm target, is absent or does not receive a call within a predetermined time.

To this end, in the present invention, the control unit 30 controls so that the alarm goes to the second and third managers in turn except for the manager.

The alarm content further includes a GPS-based navigation module that displays detailed information on whether an overload has occurred in any of a plurality of places where a monitoring device for preventing overload of the transformer facility is installed.

The area in which the alarm sounds may be displayed on the monitor device through the GPS-based navigation module.

TR: bank
MC: switch
30: control unit

Claims (8)

a load amount check unit for checking the load amount of each bank; an image loss detection unit for detecting a phase loss of an electrical signal received to each bank; a switch for shutting off each bank according to the amount of the load and the presence or absence of a phase loss; a control unit for controlling to block the switch and connect a switch of an adjacent bank by detecting a phase loss and an abnormality of the load amount; In the distribution line load automatic switching method using a distribution line load automatic switching device comprising a; a power detection unit for checking the power supply of the other bank of each bank,
An installation step of installing a switchboard in each bank installed in the distribution line and connecting the low voltage lines in parallel;
Blocking and switching step of automatically shutting off the bank internal failure and overload operation under certain conditions and switching the power supply role to another bank; including,
The blocking and switching step is
When the n-th bank burns out and there is a power outage, receiving power from the n-1, n+1 banks;
When an overload is formed in one of the n-1 and n+1 banks, connecting the n, n-1, and n+1 banks to the remaining banks except for the n, n-1, and n+1 banks.
When the control unit detects a loss or phase loss of bank 2 (TR2) through the phase loss detection unit (PUR 21), the switch 1 (MC21) on the bank 2 (TR2) side is turned off and the low-voltage line power of the power supply detection unit (PUR32) on the bank 3 (TR3) side is turned off. When it is detected and turned off, the ON signal is sent to the switch 2 (MC32) and the ON signal is sent to the switch 2 (MC22) on the bank 2 (TR2) side after t sec.
When the bank 1 (TR1), bank 3 (TR3) overcurrent is detected, the ON signal is sent to the switch 2 (MC42) on the bank 4 (TR4) side, and this is repeated. Automatic switching method of the returning distribution line load. delete delete According to claim 1,
The blocking and switching step is
Distribution line load automatic switching method further comprising; generating an alarm to the manager when the load amount of the entire bank exceeds a certain value or when a specific bank is burned out. a load amount check unit for checking the load amount of each bank;
an image loss detection unit for detecting a phase loss of an electrical signal received to each bank;
a switch for shutting off each bank according to the amount of the load and the presence or absence of a phase loss;
a control unit for controlling to block the switch and connect a switch of an adjacent bank by detecting a phase loss and an abnormality of the load amount;
It includes; a power detection unit for checking the power supply of the other bank of the respective bank;
When the control unit detects a loss or phase loss of bank 2 (TR2) through the phase loss detection unit (PUR 21), the bank 2 (TR2) side switch 1 (MC21) is turned off, and the low voltage line power supply of the bank 3 (TR3) side power detection unit (PUR32) is detected and in the off state, the ON signal is sent to the switch 2 (MC32) and then the ON signal is sent to the switch 2 (MC22) on the bank 2 (TR2) side after t sec.
When the bank 1 (TR1), bank 3 (TR3) overcurrent is detected, the ON signal is sent to the switch 2 (MC42) on the bank 4 (TR4) side, and this is repeated. Distribution line load automatic switching device, characterized in that returning. delete 6. The method of claim 5,
The automatic distribution line load switching device further comprising; a bypass device having a bypass function of supplying power by bypassing another transformer to the bank. 8. The method of claim 7,
Distribution line load automatic switching device, characterized in that it is possible to prevent damage to the transformer due to abnormal voltage spread to the transformer due to a failure on the customer side.

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