KR102330779B1 - Welding-torch for tig and plasma welding - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a welding torch capable of tig welding and plasma welding, which can obtain a welded bead of good quality, comprising: a head body; a guide unit; a diffuser unit for supplying shield gas to the front; a nozzle electrode coupled to a front end of the diffuser unit; a cooling cap; a shield cap for forming a second gas ejection hole; and a back cap.

Description

Welding-torch for tig and plasma welding

The present invention discloses a welding torch capable of tig welding and plasma welding.

In general, the welding machine used in the industrial field uses a heat source such as gas, arc, electricity, resistance heat, friction heat, etc. There are those that are joined together by applying pressure to the members based on the applied voltage.

Among these welding machines, the Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welder using an inert gas (aka shielding gas, argon gas) connects the base cable (+ electrode) to the base material, the welding object, and then touches the welding torch (-electrode). Welding is performed while generating an arc due to different electrical characteristics. In addition, when welding starts, an inert gas (argon gas) is ejected from the tip of the welding torch to form a fence, thereby preventing contact between the welding part and the outside air. As a result, a beautiful weld bead can be obtained, and since there is no coating, the finishing is simple and clean.

Plasma welding is a method of plasmaizing a material by direct current or alternating current arc discharge between poles. In order to make plasma, an electrical method such as direct current, ultra-high frequency, or electron beam is applied to generate plasma, and then a magnetic field can be used to maintain this state. The most common plasma welding torches use a direct current arc discharge between a cathode electrode and an anode nozzle in a jet manner.

On the other hand, in the conventional welding machine, a welding torch for TIG welding and a welding torch for plasma welding are separately provided, and are used for TIG welding and plasma welding, respectively. Therefore, it is inconvenient to separately use a TIG welding torch or a plasma welding torch according to a welding target.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Patent No. 10-2014-0039909 (torch for TIG welding machine) Korean Patent Laid-Open Patent No. 10-2019-0047817 (Plasma Welding Torch)

The present invention has been proposed to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a welding torch that can be used as a TIG welding torch or as a plasma welding torch, if necessary, so that the convenience of use can be improved.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a welding torch capable of obtaining high-quality welding beads.

In the welding torch of this embodiment for achieving the above object, a handle is coupled to one side, and a plasma gas supply pipe, a shield gas supply pipe, a coolant supply pipe, and a coolant recovery pipe are connected through the handle. It is coupled to the tip and guides the plasma gas supplied from the head body to flow forward through the electrode rod through hole in the central region along the first gas guide hole, and the shield gas supplied from the head body passes through the electrode rod Guide the ball to flow forward along the second gas guide ball in the peripheral region of the ball, and the coolant supplied from the head body flows forward along the coolant supply guide ball in the peripheral region of the electrode rod through hole or the coolant recovery guide ball a guide unit for guiding the flow backward along has a stepped structure including a third region having a larger diameter than the second region, and supplies plasma gas forward along a first gas supply hole passing through a central axis of the first region, and the end of the second region A diffuser unit that supplies or recovers coolant forward along a coolant supply hole and a coolant recovery hole passing through the vehicle surface, and supplies shield gas forward along a second gas supply hole penetrating the stepped surface of the third area , a nozzle electrode coupled to the front end of the diffuser unit so that a first gas ejection hole passing through the central axis communicates with the first gas supply hole, coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the second region of the diffuser unit, and formed by a step difference in the second region A cooling cap for sealing the secured space while securing a space between the nozzle electrodes, which is coupled to the outer peripheral surface of the third region of the diffuser unit, and has a front in the space between the nozzle electrodes formed by the step of the third region a shield cap defining an open second gas vent, and , The head body, the guide unit, the diffuser unit, and while supporting the electrode rod to pass through the passage formed along the central axis of the nozzle electrode, including a back cap coupled to the rear end of the head body, the tip of the electrode rod It operates by TIG welding or plasma welding by controlling the length of the exposed part.

In the welding torch of the present embodiment, the nozzle electrode may include a cooling groove in which an outer edge of the first gas ejection hole is concave.

In addition, in the welding torch of the present embodiment, the second gas supply hole may be formed in a plurality of forming a predetermined interval along the circumferential direction of the third region.

In addition, in the welding torch of this embodiment, the tip of the electrode rod may be configured to protrude in front of the nozzle electrode to weld the base material with an arc generated between the base materials.

In addition, in the welding torch of the present embodiment, the tip of the electrode rod is inserted into the nozzle electrode, and the plasma generated between the nozzle electrodes is ejected to the first gas ejection hole to weld the base material.

The present invention can be used for TIG welding or plasma welding as needed by arbitrarily adjusting the length of the electrode rod.

In addition, according to the present invention, since the plasma gas in the central axis region and the shield gas in the peripheral region thereof can be selectively or simultaneously ejected, a high-quality weld bead can be produced.

1 is a perspective view showing a welding torch according to an embodiment of the present subject;
2 is a partial cross-sectional view conceptually showing the internal structure of a welding torch according to an embodiment of the present subject matter;
Figure 3 is an exploded view showing the main configuration of the welding torch according to the present task,
Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the main part of the guide unit of Figure 3;
Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the guide unit of Figure 4,
6 is a partial cross-sectional view conceptually showing a welding torch according to another embodiment of the present subject matter.

The present invention and the technical problems achieved by the practice of the present invention will be made clear by the preferred embodiments described below. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It should be understood that the differences between the embodiments described below are not mutually exclusive. That is, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the specific shapes, structures, and characteristics described may be implemented in other embodiments in relation to one embodiment, and the location of individual components within each disclosed embodiment. Or it should be understood that the arrangement may be changed, and similar reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same or similar functions over several aspects, and the length, area, thickness, etc., may be exaggerated for convenience. In the description of the present embodiment, expressions such as before, after, first, and second indicate relative positions or orders, and the technical meaning is not limited to the dictionary meaning.

1 and 2 are a perspective view and a partial cross-sectional view conceptually showing an internal structure of a welding torch according to an embodiment of the present task, Figure 3 is an exploded view showing the main configuration of the welding torch according to the present task, Figure 4 is 3 is a perspective view showing a guide unit, which is a main part, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the guide unit of FIG. 4 , showing cross-sections in AA, BB and CC directions, respectively.

Referring to these drawings, the welding torch of this embodiment is coupled to the torch head 100, the handle 200 connected to one side of the torch head 100, and the rear end of the torch head 100 to the inside of the torch head and a back cap 300 for fixing the electrode rod 310 to pass through. The tip of the electrode rod 310 may be fixed in a state protruding forward of the torch head 100 or may be fixed in a state inserted into the torch head 100 , and may be composed of a tungsten electrode. In the description of this embodiment, the front end refers to the end in the direction in which the plasma or gas is ejected, and the rear end refers to the end in the opposite direction.

2 and 3 , the torch head 100 includes a nozzle electrode 110 , a diffuser unit 120 , a cooling cap 130 , a guide unit 140 , a head body 150 , and a shield cap 160 . and an insulating cap 170 .

The nozzle electrode 110 constitutes the tip of the torch head 100 and may have a conical shape in which the cross-sectional diameter decreases toward the tip. Accordingly, the nozzle electrode 110 has a circular cross-section, and the electrode rod 310 protrudes along the central axis in the longitudinal direction, or the first gas ejection hole 111 through which plasma gas is ejected is formed. The first gas ejection hole 111 passes through the front end and the rear end of the nozzle electrode 110 . A second gas ejection hole 112 through which a shield gas is ejected is formed on the outside of the nozzle electrode 110 between the shield cap 160 and the shield cap 160 .

In addition, the nozzle electrode 110 forms a coolant storage tank 113 in which coolant can be filled along the outer edge of the first gas ejection hole 111 . The cooling water storage tank 113 is formed along the outer edge of the nozzle electrode 110 while being separated from the first gas ejection hole 111 at the rear end surface. The cooling water storage tank 113 is preferably formed to have as large a surface area as possible, and the larger the surface area, the more advantageous the cooling of the nozzle electrode 110 is. The cooling water storage tank 113 is concave to have a predetermined depth in the direction of the front end.

In addition, the nozzle electrode 110 forms a coupling protrusion 114 in which the central region of the rear end surface protrudes backward to be coupled to the diffuser unit 120 . Accordingly, the first gas outlet 111 may be formed in an inner region of the coupling protrusion 114 , and the cooling water storage tank 113 may be formed in an outer region of the coupling protrusion 114 to be separated from each other.

The diffuser unit 120 is coupled to the rear end of the nozzle electrode 110 to supply a plasma gas and a shield gas to the nozzle electrode 110 , and supply and recover cooling water. For this purpose, the diffuser unit 120 has a circular cross section and has a first region 120-1 corresponding to the coupling protrusion 114 of the nozzle electrode 110, and a diameter larger than that of the first region 120-1. It may be formed of a second region 120 - 2 having a second region 120 - 2 and a third region 120 - 3 having a larger diameter than that of the second region 120 - 2 . That is, the diffuser unit 120 has a cylindrical shape in which the first area 120 - 1 , the second area 120 - 2 , and the third area 120 - 3 have a step difference.

The diffuser unit 120 has a first gas supply hole 121 through which the electrode rod 310 passes or a plasma gas is supplied along the central axis of the first region 120-1 to the third region 120-3. do. The first gas supply hole 121 is formed to pass through the diffuser unit 120 in the first region 120 - 1 , and the coupling protrusion 114 of the nozzle electrode 110 is provided in the first gas supply hole 121 . It is inserted so that the nozzle electrode 110 and the diffuser unit 120 may be coupled.

In the diffuser unit 120 , a cooling water supply hole 123 through which the cooling water is supplied and a cooling water recovery hole 124 through which the cooling water is recovered are formed in the second region 120 - 2 . The cooling water supply hole 123 and the cooling water recovery hole 124 pass through the front end and the rear end of the nozzle electrode 110 in the second region 120 - 2 . In addition, a thread for coupling the cooling cap 130 may be formed on the outer circumferential surface of the second region 120 - 2 .

In the diffuser unit 120 , the second gas supply hole 122 through which the shield gas is supplied is formed in the third region 120 - 3 . The second gas supply holes 122 are formed to pass through the diffuser unit 120 in the second region 120 - 2 , and a plurality of second gas supply holes 122 may be formed at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction of the front end surface of the second region. In addition, a thread for coupling the insulating cap 170 and the shield cap 160 may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the third region 120 - 3 .

The cooling cap 130 is coupled to the nozzle electrode 110 and the diffuser unit 120 to seal the cooling water storage tank 113 . As the nozzle electrode 110 and the diffuser unit 120 are coupled, the first gas ejection hole 111 and the first gas supply hole 121 communicate with each other along the central axis.

In addition, the cooling cap 130 has a front end coupled to the nozzle electrode 110 and a rear end coupled to the second region 120 - 2 of the diffuser unit 120 to seal the cooling water storage tank 113 . At the same time, the cooling cap 130 secures a space between the nozzle electrode 110 and the cooling cap 130 by the step of the second region 120 - 2 , and collects the cooling water supply hole 123 and the cooling water through the space. The ball 124 communicates with the cooling water storage tank 113 so that the cooling water is smoothly supplied and recovered. A packing member or the like may be interposed between the cooling cap 130 and the nozzle electrode 110 or the diffuser unit 120 .

The guide unit 140 is coupled to the rear end of the diffuser unit 120 to guide the plasma gas, the shield gas, and the coolant flowing from the head body 150 to each flow path of the diffuser unit 120 . As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 , the guide unit 140 for this purpose has a hollow electrode through hole 145 through which the electrode rod 310 can pass along the central axis. In addition, the guide unit 140 has a coolant supply guide hole 143 for guiding the flow of coolant along the periphery of the electrode through hole 145 and a coolant recovery guide hole 144 for guiding the recovery of the coolant, and plasma A first gas guide hole 141 for guiding the supply of gas and a second gas guide hole 142 for guiding the supply of the shielding gas are formed.

The electrode through hole 145 , the coolant supply guide hole 143 , the coolant recovery guide hole 144 , and the second gas guide hole 142 are formed while passing through the front end surface and the rear end surface of the guide unit 140 . The first gas guide hole 141 communicates with the rear end surface of the guide unit 140 and is connected to the electrode through hole 145 formed on the central axis inside the guide unit 140 . Therefore, the plasma gas flows into the central electrode through hole 145 while being introduced through the first gas guide hole 141 , and eventually, the plasma gas is ejected through the first gas ejection hole 111 in the central region of the nozzle electrode 110 . can In addition, the shield gas may be ejected through the second gas ejection hole 112 in the outer region surrounding the nozzle electrode 110 through the second gas guide hole 142 .

The head body 150 is coupled to the rear end of the guide unit 140 to fix the guide unit 140, the diffuser unit 120, and the nozzle electrode 110 coupled to the front end, and guides plasma gas, shield gas and coolant. supplied to the unit. In the head body 150 for this purpose, an electrode rod through hole 155 through which the electrode rod passes is formed along the central axis.

In addition, the head body 150 has a first gas inlet hole, a second gas inlet hole, a coolant inlet hole, and a coolant outlet hole formed on one side to which the handle 200 is connected, respectively. The first gas inlet hole, the second gas inlet hole, the coolant inlet hole, and the coolant outlet hole penetrate through the front end surface, and when coupled to the guide unit 140 , the first gas guide hole 141 and the second gas guide hole respectively. 142 , the coolant supply guide hole 143 and the coolant recovery guide hole 144 communicate with each other. In addition, the first gas inlet hole, the second gas inlet hole, the coolant inlet hole and the coolant recovery hole have a first gas supply pipe 210 , a second gas supply pipe 220 , and a coolant supply pipe 230 extending from the handle 200 . And the cooling water recovery pipe 240 is coupled.

Referring back to FIGS. 2 and 3 , the shield cap 160 is coupled to the thread formed on the surface of the third region 120 - 3 of the diffuser unit 120 . In this case, the shield cap 160 may be coupled through the insulating cap 170 , and the shield cap 160 and the insulating cap 170 may form an integral body. The shield cap 160 is made of a ceramic material.

A second gas ejection hole 112 is formed between the shield cap 160 , the cooling cap 130 , and the nozzle electrode 110 , which is a space through which the shield gas is ejected by the step formed by the third region 120 - 3 . do. Accordingly, the gas discharged from the second gas supply hole 122 is ejected while surrounding the nozzle electrode 110 in the second gas ejection hole 112 .

Meanwhile, the back cap 300 is coupled to the rear end of the head body 150 , and the back cap 300 fixes the electrode rod 310 through the collet chuck 320 . The collet chuck 320 holds the electrode rod 310 in a state in which the electrode rod 310 is adjusted to have an appropriate length to maintain the corresponding length. In addition, an insulating rod 330 may be further coupled to the electrode rod 310 disposed along the central axis. The insulating rod 330 insulates between the electrode rod 310 and the diffuser unit 120 .

Looking at the driving of the welding torch of the embodiment as described above, the tip of the electrode rod 310 in the TIG welding mode is adjusted to be exposed to the front of the nozzle electrode (110). At this time, '-' power may be applied to the electrode rod 310, and when the '+' power is applied to the base material, an arc is generated and welding is performed. In addition, while the shielding gas supplied from the second gas supply pipe 212 is ejected through the second gas outlet 112 surrounding the nozzle electrode 110, the welding area is shielded from the periphery to generate high-quality weld beads. Argon (Ar) gas may be used as the shielding gas. In this way, the electrode rod 310 is exposed to the front of the nozzle electrode 110, and TIG welding can be performed in a state in which the shield gas is discharged.

6 is a partial cross-sectional view conceptually showing a welding torch according to another embodiment of the present subject matter. Another embodiment of the present task shows a configuration in which a welding torch is used for plasma welding.

As shown, the length of the tip of the electrode rod 310 is adjusted to be located inside the nozzle electrode in the plasma welding mode. At this time, '-' power may be applied to the electrode rod 310 , and a high frequency is applied to the nozzle electrode 110 to generate plasma between the electrode rod 310 and the nozzle electrode 110 . In addition, while the plasma gas supplied from the first gas supply pipe 211 is ejected through the first gas ejection hole 111, the plasma is ejected together to perform welding. At the same time, the shielding gas is ejected through the second gas ejection hole 112 to shield the welding area from the surroundings.

In this embodiment, the plasma gas may be composed of a mixed gas of argon and hydrogen. Plasma gas in which argon and hydrogen are mixed enables easy and stable plasma discharge between the nozzle electrode 110 and the electrode rod 310, and can form a high-quality weld bead on the base material.

Meanwhile, the cooling water supplied from the cooling water supply pipe 213 during welding cools the nozzle electrode 110 while passing through the cooling water storage tank 113 , and then is recovered again through the cooling water recovery pipe 214 . Accordingly, by preventing the nozzle electrode 110 from being heated to a high temperature during plasma welding, plasma is continuously ejected, thereby achieving high-quality welding.

100: torch head
110: nozzle electrode 120: diffuser unit
130: cooling cap 140: guide unit
150: head body 160: shield cap
170: insulation cap
111: first gas vent 112: second gas vent
113: cooling water storage tank 114: coupling protrusion
121: first gas supply hole 122: second gas supply hole
123: cooling water supply hole 124: cooling water recovery hole
141: first gas guide ball 142: second gas guide ball
143: cooling water supply guide ball 144: cooling water return guide ball
145: electrode through hole
200: handle
210: first gas supply pipe 220: second gas supply pipe
230: cooling water supply pipe 240: cooling water return pipe
300: back cap
310: electrode rod 320: collet chuck
330: insulating rod

Claims (5)

a head body having a handle coupled to one side and to which a plasma gas supply pipe, a shield gas supply pipe, a cooling water supply pipe, and a cooling water recovery pipe are connected through the handle;
coupled to the front end of the head body, guides the plasma gas supplied from the head body to flow forward through the electrode rod through hole in the central region along the first gas guide hole, and shielding gas supplied from the head body Guided to flow forward along the second gas guide ball in the peripheral region of the electrode rod through hole, and the cooling water supplied from the head body flows forward along the cooling water supply guide ball in the peripheral region of the electrode rod through hole, or a guide unit for guiding the cooling water recovery guide ball to flow backward;
A first area coupled to the front end of the guide unit, a second area having a larger diameter than the first area at the rear end of the first area, and a second area having a larger diameter than the second area at the rear end of the second area It has a stepped structure consisting of three regions, and supplies plasma gas forward along a first gas supply hole penetrating the central axis of the first to third regions, and supplies cooling water passing through the stepped surface of the second region. The cooling water is supplied to the front or recovered along the hole and the cooling water recovery hole, and the shield gas is supplied to the front along the second gas supply hole formed in plurality at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction while penetrating the step surface of the third region. Diffuser unit to supply;
A nozzle having a cooling water storage tank coupled to the front end of the first region of the diffuser unit so that a first gas jet hole passing through the central axis communicates with the first gas supply hole, and concavely formed along an outer edge of the first gas jet hole electrode;
a cooling cap coupled to the outer circumferential surface of the second area of the diffuser unit and sealing the secured space and the cooling water reservoir while securing a space between the nozzle electrodes formed by the step of the second area;
a shield cap coupled to an outer circumferential surface of the third region of the diffuser unit and forming a second gas ejection hole having an open front in a space between the nozzle electrodes formed by the step of the third region;
an insulating cap coupled to an outer circumferential surface of the third region of the diffuser unit and an outer circumferential surface of the guide unit to fix the coupling between the diffuser unit and the guide unit; and,
a back cap coupled to the rear end of the head body while supporting the electrode rod via a collet chuck so as to penetrate a passage formed along the central axis of the head body, the guide unit, the diffuser unit, and the nozzle electrode;
The protrusion length of the electrode rod is fixed by adjusting the collet chuck, and the tip of the electrode rod is driven in a TIG welding mode using an arc generated between the electrode rod and the base material in a state in which the tip of the electrode rod protrudes in front of the nozzle electrode, or the tip of the electrode rod A welding torch configured to drive in a plasma welding mode in which a base material is welded by jetting into the first gas jet hole using plasma generated between the electrode rod and the nozzle electrode in a state in which the part is inserted into the nozzle electrode. delete delete delete delete

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