KR102272094B1 - Battery monitoring system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery monitoring system and method for preventing an accident by detecting a symptom of a battery explosion, comprising: a first detector capable of detecting radiation in a first wavelength band generated from a battery; a second sensing unit capable of detecting radiation in a second wavelength band absorbed by the first gas, which may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when a battery explodes; and a control unit configured to generate a notification signal when the ratio deviates from a normal value according to a ratio of the electrical signal generated by the first sensing unit to the electrical signal generated by the second sensing unit.

Description

Battery monitoring system and method

The present invention relates to a battery monitoring system and method, and more particularly, to a battery monitoring system and method capable of preventing an accident by detecting a precursor symptom of a battery explosion.

Various information and communication devices such as electric vehicles, energy storage systems (ESS), portable devices, and smart phones employ lithium-ion batteries capable of rapid charging or discharging and are widely used.

In the course of repeating the rapid charging or rapid discharging process, the internal chemical reaction of these batteries is abruptly generated due to overcharging, overdischarging, battery failure, external shock, or other unknown causes, resulting in an explosion. is occurring frequently.

These battery explosion accidents cause not only direct injury to users but also various fire accidents, and when secondary accidents such as building fires or automobile and airplane fires occur, it can develop into a major accident. Various methods have been proposed.

As one of the conventional methods for detecting a battery explosion accident in advance, there is a method of detecting excessive heat generated in the battery in advance and taking measures such as cutting off power or stopping charging and discharging.

However, in general, the change in battery temperature that occurs before battery explosion is a sudden increase in a very short time. After such a rapid increase in battery temperature, there are cases in which the explosion cannot be prevented even if the power is cut off or charging and discharging are stopped. In the case of rapid charging, even in the case of normal charging, there was a problem in that it was difficult to distinguish whether an explosion occurred due to a large change in temperature.

According to various recent studies, in the case of a battery explosion, even before a rapid increase in battery temperature _{, certain gases such as CO 2} , O ₂ , C ₂ H ₄ are gradually generated inside the battery as a precursor, and the internal pressure of the battery gradually increases. is known to increase.

However, the gases generated by such an explosion precursor do not leak out of the battery but are generated inside the battery, and appropriate means or methods for detecting the generation of gas present inside the battery have not been developed, so this precursor phenomenon cannot be utilized. couldn't

The present invention has been proposed to solve these conventional problems, and while maintaining the function of the battery, gas generation inside the battery can be sensed, and a separate light emitting source that can promote fire is unnecessary, passive signal detection (passive signal detection) signal detection) method to speed up the response, reduce power consumption, and reduce the deviation of the signal generated by the temperature change of the battery by monitoring the reciprocal ratio between the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas according to the temperature change. The detection accuracy can be improved, and when the ratio between the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas is out of the normal value, CO ₂ , O ₂ , C ₂ H ₄ gas is generated and the risk of explosion is judged to be high and the battery explosion can be prevented. We want to provide a battery monitoring system that allows you to take actionable follow-up actions. However, these problems are exemplary, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

A battery monitoring system according to the spirit of the present invention for solving the above problems, a first detection unit capable of detecting the radiation of a first wavelength band generated from the battery; a second sensing unit capable of detecting radiation in a second wavelength band absorbed by the first gas, which may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when a battery explodes; and a control unit configured to generate a notification signal when the ratio deviates from a normal value according to a ratio of the electrical signal generated by the first sensing unit to the electrical signal generated by the second sensing unit.

Also, according to the present invention, a window or a filter window may be installed in at least a portion of the battery so that the radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band are emitted.

In addition, according to the present invention, the first sensing unit, a first radiation sensing element spaced apart from the battery in a non-contact manner; and a first filter capable of passing both the radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band so that both the radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band can reach the first radiation sensing element. may include.

In addition, according to the present invention, the second sensing unit, a second radiation sensing element spaced apart from the battery in a non-contact manner; and a second filter that blocks the radiation of the first wavelength band so that only the radiation of the second wavelength band can reach the second radiation sensing element and allows the radiation of the second wavelength band to pass therethrough.

Further, according to the present invention, when the first gas _{includes a C 2} H ₄ gas component, the first wavelength band includes 5.5 micrometers to 9 micrometers and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers, and the second The wavelength band may include 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers.

Further, according to the present invention, when the first gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component, the first wavelength band includes 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers and 6 micrometers to 14 micrometers, and the second wavelength band 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers.

In addition, the battery monitoring system according to the present invention further includes a third sensing unit capable of detecting radiation in a third wavelength band absorbed by the second gas that may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when the battery explodes, and the control unit may generate a notification signal when the ratio deviates from a normal value according to a ratio of the electrical signal generated by the first sensing unit to the electrical signal generated by the third sensing unit.

In addition, according to the present invention, when the first gas includes a C ₂ H ₄ gas component, and the second gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component, the first wavelength band is 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers, 6 may include 9 micrometers to 9 micrometers and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers, wherein the second wavelength band includes 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers, and the third wavelength band includes 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers. have.

On the other hand, the battery monitoring method according to the spirit of the present invention for solving the above problems, the steps of detecting radiation of a first wavelength band generated from the battery; detecting radiation in a second wavelength band absorbed by a first gas that may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when a battery explodes; and generating a notification signal when the ratio deviates from a normal value according to the ratio of the electrical signal generated by the first detection unit to the electrical signal generated by the second detection unit.

According to an embodiment of the present invention made as described above, while maintaining the function of the battery, it is possible to sense the gas generation inside the battery, and a separate light emitting source that may promote a fire is unnecessary passive signal detection (passive signal detection) detection) method to speed up the response speed, reduce power consumption, and reduce the deviation of the signal generated by the temperature change of the battery by monitoring the ratio between the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas according to the temperature change. If the ratio between the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas is out of the normal value, it is judged that there is a high risk of explosion due to the generation of _{CO 2} , O ₂ , C ₂ H _{4 gas and can prevent battery explosion.} It has the effect of taking follow-up actions. Of course, the scope of the present invention is not limited by these effects.

1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention.
2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a battery monitoring system according to some embodiments of the present invention.
3 is a graph of radiation according to temperature showing an example of a first wavelength band and a second wavelength band of the battery monitoring system of FIG. 2 .
4 is a graph illustrating an example of an electrical signal processed by a control unit of the battery monitoring system of FIG. 2 .
5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a battery monitoring system according to some other embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph of radiation according to temperature showing an example of a first wavelength band, a second wavelength band, and a third wavelength band of the battery monitoring system of FIG. 5 .

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but can be implemented in various different forms, and the following embodiments allow the disclosure of the present invention to be complete, and the scope of the invention to those of ordinary skill in the art It is provided to fully inform In addition, in the drawings for convenience of description, the size of the components may be exaggerated or reduced.

1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the present invention utilizes the characteristics of radiation for each wavelength band generated from a hot blackbody, and as shown in FIG. 1(a), generated in a general high-temperature blackbody. The radiation for each wavelength band formed forms a spectrum of a specific pattern for each wavelength band.

However, as shown in (b) of FIG. 1 , for example, when radiation generated from a high-temperature black body passes through _{, for example, C 2} H ₄ gas, a portion of a specific wavelength band is absorbed by _{the C 2} H _{4 gas and the remaining} Only radiation can be emitted to the outside.

_{Accordingly, when a gas such as C 2} H ₄ gas is mixed into a high-temperature black body, a spectrum in which only a specific wavelength band is reduced as shown in the graph of FIG. 1B may be generated.

Therefore, as shown in (c) of FIG. 1, when the spectrum of FIG. 1 (a) is removed from the spectrum of FIG. 1 (b), or the spectrum of FIG. 1 (b) and the spectrum of FIG. When calculating the ratio of the spectrum of (a), an OFF-axis radiation spectrum can be obtained as shown in (c) of FIG. 1, and a precursor symptom of battery explosion can be detected using this electrical signal. can

2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a battery monitoring system 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a first wavelength band A1 and a second wavelength band A2 of the battery monitoring system 100 of FIG. 2 . It is a graph of radiation according to temperature showing an example.

2 and 3 , the battery monitoring system 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention is largely a first detection unit 10 , a second detection unit 20 and a control unit 40 . may include.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the first sensing unit 10 is capable of detecting the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 generated by the battery 1 , and more specifically For example, the first detection unit 10 includes a first radiation detection element 11 spaced apart from the battery 1 in a non-contact manner, and radiation L1 and second radiation in the first wavelength band A1. The radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 so that all of the radiation L2 of the wavelength band A2 can reach the first radiation sensing element 11 . It may include a first filter 12 that can pass all of.

In addition, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the second sensing unit 10 is a radiation of the second wavelength band A2 absorbed by the first gas that may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when the battery explodes. As one capable of sensing (L2), for example, the second sensing unit 20 includes a second radiation sensing element 21 and the second spaced apart from the battery 1 in a non-contact manner. The radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 is blocked so that only the radiation L2 of the wavelength band A2 can reach the second radiation sensing element 21, and the radiation of the second wavelength band A2 ( L2) may comprise a second filter 22 which is passable.

Here, in the battery 1, a window W or a filter window is installed at least in part so that the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 are emitted. can Here, the window W or the filter window may be installed in a battery case or the like so that the internal material of the battery 1 does not leak to the outside, and a transparent window or, for example, various bands that can pass radiation of at least a specific band. A pass filter, a low pass filter, a high pass filter, etc. may all be applied. However, such a window or filter window is not necessarily required, and various types of projected radiation materials such as manufacturing the entire case of a window or filter window material or manufacturing the entire case so that radiant light can be emitted can be applied.

In addition, the element capable of detecting radiation, such as the first radiation detection element 11 or the second radiation detection element 21 , is a passive signal detection method that does not require a separate light source, and the wavelength of the radiation is Various types of optical sensors, thermal wavelength cameras, image sensors, etc. that can detect In addition, although the first radiation sensing element 11 and the second radiation sensing element 21 are illustrated separately for convenience, they may be integrated into a single element.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , when the first gas _{includes a C 2} H ₄ gas component, the first wavelength band A1 has a range of 5.5 micrometers to 9 micrometers and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers. In addition, the second wavelength band A2 may include 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers.

Accordingly, the first filter 12 shown in FIG. 2 is 5.5 micrometers so that both the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 can pass through. A band-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, etc. that can pass a relatively wide wavelength band of ∼ 14 micrometers may be applied.

In addition, the second filter 22 shown in FIG. 2 blocks the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and allows the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 to pass therethrough. A band-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, etc. that can pass a relatively narrow wavelength band of micrometers to 12 micrometers may be applied.

Such a filter may be an optical filter including a coating layer or a dye layer having an absorption or transmittance for each wavelength substantially identical to or similar to the absorption or transmittance for each wavelength.

In addition, such a filter may be formed by inserting at least one film capable of absorbing or transmitting light of a specific wavelength band.

Here, for example, the film may be a silicon, Germanium, or GaAs wafer optically coated in order to select a wavelength in a required wavelength band, or a film made of PE, PS, or PP material containing a selected dye.

4 is a graph illustrating an example of an electrical signal processed by the controller 40 of the battery monitoring system 100 of FIG. 2 .

2 to 4 , the control unit 40 is configured according to a ratio of the electrical signal generated by the first sensing unit 10 to the electrical signal generated by the second sensing unit 20 . When the ratio deviates from the normal value, a notification signal can be generated, and for example, it can be applied when an electrical signal sensing a 10.4 micrometer wavelength band is absorbed like the first dotted line or scattered like the second dotted line.

Therefore, while maintaining the function of the battery 1, it is possible to detect the generation of precursor gas inside the battery 1, and a passive signal detection method that does not require a separate light emitting source that may promote a fire It can speed up the response speed, reduce power consumption, and improve the accuracy of gas detection by reducing the deviation of the signal generated by the temperature change of the battery by monitoring the mutual ratio of the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas according to the temperature change. If the ratio between the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas is outside the normal value, CO ₂ , O ₂ , C ₂ H ₄ gas is generated and the risk of explosion is judged to be high and follow-up measures to prevent battery explosion can take

Meanwhile, FIGS. 1 to 4 _{illustrate a case in which the first gas includes a C 2} H ₄ gas component, and although not illustrated, if the first gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component, the first gas The first wavelength band may include 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers and 6 micrometers to 14 micrometers, and the second wavelength band may include 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers.

Therefore, according to FIGS. 1 to 4, _{it is possible to detect a C 2} H ₄ gas component, and although not shown, it is also possible to detect a _{CO 2 gas component by replacing a filter or the like.}

Hereinafter, a system capable of detecting both a _{C 2} H ₄ gas component and a CO _{2 gas component will be described.}

5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a battery monitoring system 200 according to some other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a first wavelength band A1 and a second wavelength band A2 of the battery monitoring system 200 of FIG. 5 . ) and a graph of radiation according to temperature showing an example of the third wavelength band A3.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the battery monitoring system 200 according to some other embodiments of the present invention is largely a first sensing unit 10 , a second sensing unit 20 , and a third sensing unit. 30 and a control unit 40 may be included.

Here, the first sensing unit 10 and the second sensing unit 20 may be the same as or similar to those of FIGS. 1 to 4 described above, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 , the third sensing unit 30 includes the radiation L3 of the third wavelength band A3 absorbed by the second gas that may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when the battery explodes. ), and more specifically, for example, the third sensing unit 30 includes a third radiation sensing element 31 spaced apart from the battery 1 in a non-contact manner and the third wavelength band ( The radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 are blocked so that only the radiation L3 of A3) can reach the third radiation sensing element 31, and , may include a third filter 32 that allows the radiation L3 of the third wavelength band A3 to pass therethrough.

More specifically, for example, when the first gas includes a C ₂ H ₄ gas component and the second gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component, the first wavelength band A1 is 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers. meter, 6 micrometers to 9 micrometers, and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers, the second wavelength band A2 includes 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers, and the third wavelength band A3 includes 3 micrometers. meters to 6 micrometers.

Here, as shown in FIG. 5 , the third filter 32 blocks the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2, and the second A band-pass filter, a low-pass filter, a high-pass filter, etc. that can pass a relatively narrow wavelength band of 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers can be applied to allow the radiation L3 of the wavelength band A3 to pass therethrough.

Therefore, the control unit 40, according to the ratio of the electrical signal generated by the first detection unit 10 and the electrical signal generated by the third detection unit 30, when the ratio is out of the normal value, a notification signal can cause

Therefore, precursor gases that may be generated in the battery 1 can be detected for each type, thereby improving the detection accuracy and preventing various types of battery explosions in advance.

On the other hand, the present invention includes a battery monitoring system as well as a battery monitoring method. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 , the battery monitoring method according to some embodiments of the present invention includes a battery monitoring method. Sensing the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1, detecting the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 absorbed by the first gas that may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when a battery explodes, and the The method may include generating a notification signal when the ratio deviates from a normal value according to the ratio of the electrical signal generated by the first detection unit 10 to the electrical signal generated by the second detection unit 20 .

Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

1: battery
10: first detection unit
11: first radiation sensing element
12: first filter
20: second detection unit
21: second radiation sensing element
22: second filter
30: third detection unit
31: third radiation sensing element
32: third filter
A1: 1st wavelength band
A2: 2nd wave band
A3: 3rd wave band
L1, L2, L3: radiation
40: control unit
W: Windows
100, 200: battery monitoring system

Claims (9)

a first sensing unit capable of detecting radiation of a first wavelength band and a second wavelength band generated from the battery;
a second sensing unit capable of detecting the radiation of the second wavelength band absorbed by the first gas that may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when the battery explodes; and
Electrical signal generated by the first detection unit for monitoring the reference radiation according to the temperature change of the battery and the second detection unit for monitoring the absorption line of a specific gas that may be generated as a precursor of an explosion inside the battery a control unit capable of generating a notification signal when the ratio deviates from the normal value according to the ratio of the signal; and
The battery is
A window or a filter window is installed at least in part so that the radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band can be emitted;
The first sensing unit,
a first radiation sensing element spaced apart from the battery in a non-contact manner; and
A first filter capable of passing both the radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band so that both the radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band can reach the first radiation sensing element; including,
The second sensing unit,
a second radiation sensing element spaced apart from the battery in a non-contact manner; and
a second filter that blocks the radiation of the first wavelength band so that only the radiation of the second wavelength band can reach the second radiation sensing element and allows the radiation of the second wavelength band to pass therethrough;
comprising, a battery monitoring system. delete delete delete The method of claim 1,
When the first gas _{includes a C 2} H ₄ gas component,
The first wavelength band includes 5.5 micrometers to 9 micrometers and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers,
wherein the second wavelength band comprises 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers. The method of claim 1,
When the first gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component,
The first wavelength band includes 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers and 6 micrometers to 14 micrometers,
and the second wavelength band comprises 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers. The method of claim 1,
Further comprising; a third sensing unit capable of detecting the radiation of the third wavelength band absorbed by the second gas that may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when the battery explodes,
The control unit may generate a notification signal when the ratio deviates from a normal value according to a ratio of the electrical signal generated by the first detection unit to the electrical signal generated by the third detection unit. 8. The method of claim 7,
When the first gas includes a C ₂ H ₄ gas component, and the second gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component,
The first wavelength band includes 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers, 6 micrometers to 9 micrometers, and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers,
The second wavelength band includes 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers,
and the third wavelength band comprises 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers. In the battery monitoring method using the battery monitoring system according to any one of claims 1, 5, 6, 7 and 8,
detecting, by the first sensing unit, the radiation of the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band generated by the battery;
detecting, by the second detector, the radiation of the second wavelength band absorbed by the first gas, which may be generated as a precursor phenomenon when a battery explodes; and
generating a notification signal when the ratio deviates from a normal value according to the ratio of the electrical signal generated by the first detection unit to the electrical signal generated by the second detection unit;
A battery monitoring method comprising:

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