WO2021040246A1

WO2021040246A1 - Battery monitoring system and method

Info

Publication number: WO2021040246A1
Application number: PCT/KR2020/009850
Authority: WO
Inventors: 이병수
Original assignee: 주식회사 템퍼스
Priority date: 2019-08-27
Filing date: 2020-07-29
Publication date: 2021-03-04
Also published as: KR102272094B1; KR20210025255A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery monitoring system and method capable of preventing accidents by sensing warnings of a battery explosion, the system comprising: a first sensing unit capable of sensing radiation rays of a first wavelength band, generated by a battery; a second sensing unit capable of sensing radiation rays of a second wavelength band, absorbed by first gas that can be generated as a warning of battery explosion; and a control unit capable of generating an alarm signal when the ratio of an electrical signal generated by the first sensing unit to an electrical signal generated by the second sensing unit deviates from a normal value.

Description

Battery monitoring system and method

The present invention relates to a battery monitoring system and method, and more particularly, to a battery monitoring system and method capable of preventing an accident by detecting a precursor symptom of a battery explosion.

Various information and communication devices such as electric vehicles, energy storage systems (ESS), portable devices, and smartphones are widely used by adopting lithium-ion batteries capable of rapid charging or rapid discharge.

These batteries are accidents in which internal chemical reactions rapidly occur due to overcharging, overdischarging, battery defects, external shocks, or other unknown causes in the process of repetitive rapid charging or rapid discharging and eventually exploding. Occurs frequently.

These battery explosion accidents can lead to various fire accidents as well as direct injuries to users, and can develop into large-scale accidents in the event of secondary accidents such as building fires, automobiles, and airplane fires. Various methods have been suggested.

One of the conventional methods for detecting a battery explosion accident in advance is a method of taking measures such as shutting off power or stopping charging and discharging by detecting excessive heat generated from the battery in advance.

However, in general, the change in battery temperature that occurs before the battery explodes is that the change in battery temperature rises rapidly for a very short period of time, and after such a rapid increase in the battery temperature, the explosion may not be prevented even if the power is cut off or charging and discharging are stopped. There were many, and even in the case of normal charging, in the case of rapid charging, there were problems in which it was difficult to distinguish whether an explosion occurred due to a large change in temperature.

According to recent studies, etc., in the case of battery explosion, it is a precursor phenomenon even before the rapid rise of the battery temperature, _{and it is said that certain gases such as CO 2} , O ₂ , C ₂ H ₄ are gradually generated inside the battery, and the pressure inside the battery increases. It has been known that it will increase.

However, the gases generated by the explosion precursor do not leak out of the battery and are generated inside the battery, and an appropriate means or method for detecting the occurrence of the gas present inside the battery has not been developed, and thus the precursor phenomenon cannot be utilized. I couldn't.

The present invention has been proposed to solve these conventional problems, and while maintaining the function of the battery, it is possible to detect gas generation inside the battery, and passive signal detection that does not require a separate light source that may promote fire. signal detection) method to speed up the response speed, reduce power consumption, and reduce the deviation of the generated signal according to the temperature change of the battery by monitoring the ratio between the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas according to the temperature change. The detection accuracy can be improved, and if the ratio of the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas is out of the normal value, it is judged that there is a high risk of explosion due to the generation of _{CO 2} , O ₂ , C ₂ H _{4 gas, and the battery explosion can be prevented.} We want to provide a battery monitoring system that allows us to take possible follow-up actions. However, these problems are exemplary, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

A battery monitoring system according to the present invention for solving the above problem includes: a first detector capable of detecting radiation in a first wavelength band generated from a battery; A second detector capable of detecting radiation in the second wavelength band absorbed by the first gas that may be generated as a rolling phenomenon when the battery explodes; And a control unit configured to generate a notification signal when the ratio is out of a normal value according to a ratio of the electric signal generated by the first detection unit and the electric signal generated by the second detection unit.

In addition, according to the present invention, a window or a filter window may be installed at least in part of the battery so that radiation of the first wavelength band and radiation of the second wavelength band may be emitted.

In addition, according to the present invention, the first detection unit includes: a first radiation detection element spaced apart from the battery in a non-contact manner; And a first filter capable of passing both the radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band so that both the radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band reach the first radiation sensing element. It may include.

In addition, according to the present invention, the second sensing unit includes: a second radiation sensing element spaced apart from the battery in a non-contact manner; And a second filter capable of blocking radiation of the first wavelength band and passing radiation of the second wavelength band so that only the radiation of the second wavelength band can reach the second radiation sensing element.

In addition, according to the present invention, when the first gas _{includes a C 2} H ₄ gas component, the first wavelength band includes 5.5 micrometers to 9 micrometers and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers, and the second The wavelength band may include 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers.

In addition, according to the present invention, when the first gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component, the first wavelength band includes 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers and 6 micrometers to 14 micrometers, and the second wavelength band is It may include 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers.

In addition, the battery monitoring system according to the present invention further includes a third detector capable of detecting radiation in a third wavelength band absorbed by a second gas that may be generated as a precursor when a battery explodes, and the control unit further includes the control unit. May generate a notification signal when the ratio is out of a normal value according to a ratio of an electric signal generated by the first detection unit and an electric signal generated by the third detection unit.

In addition, according to the present invention, when the first gas includes a C ₂ H ₄ gas component and the second gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component, the first wavelength band is 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers, 6 Including micrometers to 9 micrometers and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers, the second wavelength band may include 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers, and the third wavelength band may include 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers. have.

On the other hand, the battery monitoring method according to the spirit of the present invention for solving the above problem, the step of detecting radiation in the first wavelength band generated from the battery; Detecting radiation in the second wavelength band absorbed by the first gas that may be generated as a precursor when the battery explodes; And generating a notification signal when the ratio is out of a normal value according to a ratio of an electric signal generated by the first detection unit and an electric signal generated by the second detection unit.

According to an embodiment of the present invention made as described above, it is possible to detect gas generation inside the battery while maintaining the function of the battery, and a passive signal detection that does not require a separate light source that may promote a fire. detection) method to speed up the response speed, reduce power consumption, and reduce the deviation of the generated signal according to the temperature change of the battery by monitoring the mutual ratio of the reference radiation according to the temperature change and the absorption line of a specific gas. The accuracy of the battery can be improved, and if the ratio of the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas is out of the normal value, it is judged that there is a high risk of explosion due to the generation of _{CO 2} , O ₂ , C ₂ H _{4 gas, and the battery explosion can be prevented.} It has the effect of taking a follow-up action. Of course, the scope of the present invention is not limited by these effects.

1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention.

2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a battery monitoring system according to some embodiments of the present invention.

3 is a graph of radiation according to temperature showing an example of a first wavelength band and a second wavelength band of the battery monitoring system of FIG. 2.

4 is a graph showing an example of an electrical signal processed by a control unit of the battery monitoring system of FIG. 2.

5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a battery monitoring system according to some other embodiments of the present invention.

6 is a graph of radiation according to temperature showing an example of a first wavelength band, a second wavelength band, and a third wavelength band of the battery monitoring system of FIG. 5.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed below, but may be implemented in various different forms, and the following embodiments are intended to complete the disclosure of the present invention, and the scope of the invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is provided to fully inform you. In addition, in the drawings for convenience of description, the size of the components may be exaggerated or reduced.

1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the present invention uses the characteristics of radiation by wavelength band generated from a hot blackbody, and as shown in FIG. 1(a), it occurs in a general high-temperature blackbody. Radiation rays for each wavelength band form a spectrum of a specific pattern for each wavelength band.

However, as shown in (b) of FIG. 1, for example, when radiation generated from a high-temperature black body passes through _{, for example, C 2} H ₄ gas, a part of a specific wavelength band is absorbed by _{the C 2} H _{4 gas and the rest} Only radiation can be emitted to the outside.

_{Therefore, when a gas such as C 2} H ₄ gas is mixed into a high-temperature black body, a spectrum of a form in which only a specific wavelength band is reduced may be generated as shown in the graph of FIG. 1B.

Therefore, as shown in (c) of FIG. 1, when the spectrum of (a) of FIG. 1 is removed from the spectrum of (b) of FIG. 1, or the spectrum of (b) of FIG. In the case of calculating the ratio of the spectrum of (a), an off-axis radiation spectrum can be obtained as shown in (c) of FIG. 1, and a precursor symptom of a battery explosion can be detected using such an electrical signal. I can.

2 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a battery monitoring system 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a first wavelength band A1 and a second wavelength band A2 of the battery monitoring system 100 of FIG. 2. It is a radiation graph according to temperature showing an example.

2 and 3, the battery monitoring system 100 according to some embodiments of the present invention includes a first detection unit 10, a second detection unit 20, and a control unit 40. It may include.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first detection unit 10 is capable of detecting the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 generated from the battery 1, and is more specifically For example, the first detection unit 10 includes a first radiation sensing element 11 spaced apart from the battery 1 in a non-contact manner, and a radiation L1 and a second radiation of the first wavelength band A1. The radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 so that all of the radiation L2 of the wavelength band A2 can reach the first radiation sensing element 11 It may include a first filter 12 capable of passing all of the.

In addition, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the second detection unit 10 includes radiation of the second wavelength band A2 absorbed by the first gas that may be generated as a precursor when the battery explodes. As to be capable of detecting (L2), more specifically, for example, the second detection unit 20 includes a second radiation sensing element 21 and the second radiation sensing element 21 spaced apart from the battery 1 in a non-contact manner. The radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 is blocked so that only the radiation L2 of the wavelength band A2 can reach the second radiation sensing element 21, and the radiation of the second wavelength band A2 ( L2) may include a second filter 22 that can pass.

Here, in the battery 1, a window W or a filter window may be installed at least in part so that the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 can be emitted. I can. Here, the window W or the filter window may be installed in a battery case or the like so that the internal material of the battery 1 does not leak to the outside, and may be a transparent window or various bands capable of passing at least a specific band of radiation. A pass filter, a low pass filter, a high pass filter, etc. can all be applied. However, such a window or filter window is not necessarily required, and various types of projection ray materials may be applied, such as making the entire case of a window or filter window material, or making the entire case so that radiant light can be emitted.

In addition, a device capable of detecting radiation, such as the first radiation sensing element 11 or the second radiation sensing element 21, is a passive signal detection method that does not require a separate light source. Various types of optical sensors, thermal wavelength cameras, image sensors, etc. that can detect an image can be applied. In addition, the first radiation sensing element 11 and the second radiation sensing element 21 are shown separately for convenience, but may be integrated into a single element.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, when the first gas _{includes a C 2} H ₄ gas component, the first wavelength band A1 is 5.5 micrometers to 9 micrometers and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers. And the second wavelength band A2 may include 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers.

Accordingly, the first filter 12 shown in FIG. 2 is 5.5 micrometers to pass both the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2. A band pass filter, a low pass filter, a high pass filter, etc. capable of passing a relatively wide wavelength band of 14 micrometers may be applied.

In addition, the second filter 22 shown in FIG. 2 blocks the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and allows the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 to pass. A band pass filter, a low pass filter, a high pass filter, etc. capable of passing a relatively narrow wavelength band of micrometers to 12 micrometers may be applied.

Such a filter may be an optical filter including a coating layer or a dye layer having an absorption rate or transmittance by wavelength substantially matching or similar to the absorption rate or transmittance by wavelength.

In addition, such a filter may be formed by inserting at least one or more films capable of absorbing or transmitting light of a specific wavelength band.

Here, for example, the film may be a silicon, Germanium, GaAs wafer optically coated to select a wavelength in a required wavelength band, or a film made of PE, PS, or PP containing a selected dye.

4 is a graph showing an example of an electrical signal processed by the controller 40 of the battery monitoring system 100 of FIG. 2.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the control unit 40 includes the electric signal generated from the first sensing unit 10 and the electrical signal generated from the second sensing unit 20. When the ratio is out of the normal value, a notification signal can be generated, and for example, it can be applied both when an electrical signal detected in the 10.4 micrometer wavelength band is absorbed like a first dotted line or scattered like a second dotted line.

Therefore, while maintaining the function of the battery 1, it is possible to detect the occurrence of precursor gas inside the battery 1, and a passive signal detection method that does not require a separate light source that may promote a fire. It speeds up response speed, reduces power consumption, and improves the accuracy of gas detection by reducing the deviation of the signal generated by the temperature change of the battery by monitoring the mutual ratio of the reference radiation according to the temperature change and the absorption line of a specific gas. If the ratio of the reference radiation and the absorption line of a specific gas is out of the normal value, it is determined that there is a high risk of explosion due to the generation of _{CO 2} , O ₂ , C ₂ H _{4 gas, and follow-up measures to prevent battery explosion.} Can take.

Meanwhile, FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrate a case where the first gas _{includes a C 2} H ₄ gas component, and although not shown, if the first gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component, the first gas One wavelength band may include 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers and 6 micrometers to 14 micrometers, and the second wavelength band may include 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers.

Accordingly, according to FIGS. 1 to 4, _{it is possible to detect the C 2} H ₄ gas component, and although not shown in addition, it is possible to detect the CO ₂ gas component by replacing a filter or the like.

Hereinafter, a system capable of detecting both a _{C 2} H ₄ gas component and a CO _{2 gas component will be described.}

5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a battery monitoring system 200 according to some other embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a first wavelength band A1 and a second wavelength band A2 of the battery monitoring system 200 of FIG. 5. ) And a radiation graph according to temperature showing an example of the third wavelength band A3.

5 and 6, the battery monitoring system 200 according to some other embodiments of the present invention includes a first sensing unit 10, a second sensing unit 20, and a third sensing unit. It may include (30) and a control unit (40).

Here, the first sensing unit 10 and the second sensing unit 20 may be the same as or similar to those of FIGS. 1 to 4 described above, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

For example, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the third sensing unit 30 is a radiation L3 of the third wavelength band A3 absorbed by a second gas that may be generated as a precursor when the battery explodes. ), and more specifically, for example, the third sensing unit 30 includes a third radiation sensing element 31 spaced apart from the battery 1 in a non-contact manner, and the third wavelength band ( The radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 are blocked so that only the radiation L3 of A3) reaches the third radiation sensing element 31. , A third filter 32 capable of passing the radiation L3 of the third wavelength band A3 may be included.

More specifically, for example, when the first gas includes a C ₂ H ₄ gas component and the second gas _{includes a CO 2} gas component, the first wavelength band A1 is 1 micrometer to 3 microns. Meters, 6 micrometers to 9 micrometers, and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers, the second wavelength band A2 comprises 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers, and the third wavelength band A3 is 3 micrometers. It may comprise a meter to 6 micrometers.

Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the third filter 32 blocks the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1 and the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2, and the second A band pass filter, a low pass filter, a high pass filter, etc. capable of passing through a relatively narrow wavelength band of 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers to allow the radiation L3 of the wavelength band A3 to pass may be applied.

Accordingly, the control unit 40, according to the ratio of the electrical signal generated from the first sensing unit 10 and the electrical signal generated from the third sensing unit 30, when the ratio is out of the normal value, the notification signal Can occur.

Therefore, the precursor gases that may be generated from the battery 1 can be detected for each type, thereby improving detection accuracy and preventing explosions of various types of batteries in advance.

Meanwhile, the present invention includes a battery monitoring system as well as a battery monitoring method. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the battery monitoring method according to some embodiments of the present invention includes The steps of detecting the radiation L1 of the first wavelength band A1, the step of sensing the radiation L2 of the second wavelength band A2 absorbed by the first gas that may be generated as a precursor when the battery explodes, and the According to a ratio of an electric signal generated by the first detection unit 10 and an electric signal generated by the second detection unit 20, generating a notification signal when the ratio exceeds a normal value.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the drawings, this is only exemplary, and those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

According to an embodiment of the present invention made as described above, while maintaining the function of the battery, it detects the occurrence of specific gas generated inside the battery as a precursor of battery explosion, determines the risk of explosion of the battery, and prevents the explosion. Follow-up measures that can be taken can be easily carried out.

Claims

A first detector capable of detecting radiation in the first wavelength band generated from the battery;

A second detector capable of detecting radiation in the second wavelength band absorbed by the first gas that may be generated as a rolling phenomenon when the battery explodes; And

A control unit configured to generate a notification signal when the ratio is out of a normal value according to a ratio of an electric signal generated by the first detection unit and an electric signal generated by the second detection unit;

Containing, battery monitoring system.
The method of claim 1,

The battery monitoring system, wherein a window or a filter window is installed in at least a portion of the battery so that radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band may be emitted.
The method of claim 2,

The first detection unit,

A first radiation sensing element spaced apart from the battery in a non-contact manner; And

A first filter capable of passing both radiation of the first wavelength band and radiation of the second wavelength band so that both the radiation of the first wavelength band and the radiation of the second wavelength band reach the first radiation sensing element;

Containing, battery monitoring system.
The method of claim 3,

The second detection unit,

A second radiation sensing element spaced apart from the battery in a non-contact manner; And

A second filter capable of blocking radiation of the first wavelength band and allowing radiation of the second wavelength band to pass so that only the radiation of the second wavelength band can reach the second radiation sensing element;

Containing, battery monitoring system.
The method of claim 4,

When the first gas contains a C 2 H 4 gas component,

The first wavelength band includes 5.5 micrometers to 9 micrometers and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers,

The second wavelength band includes 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers.
The method of claim 4,

When the first gas contains a CO 2 gas component,

The first wavelength band includes 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers and 6 micrometers to 14 micrometers,

The second wavelength band includes 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers.
The method of claim 1,

A third detector capable of detecting radiation in a third wavelength band absorbed by a second gas that may be generated as a rolling phenomenon when the battery explodes; further comprising,

The control unit is capable of generating a notification signal when the ratio is out of a normal value according to a ratio of an electric signal generated by the first detection unit and an electric signal generated by the third detection unit.
The method of claim 7,

When the first gas includes a C 2 H 4 gas component, and the second gas includes a CO 2 gas component,

The first wavelength band includes 1 micrometer to 3 micrometers, 6 micrometers to 9 micrometers, and 12 micrometers to 14 micrometers,

The second wavelength band includes 9 micrometers to 12 micrometers,

The third wavelength band includes 3 micrometers to 6 micrometers.
Detecting radiation in the first wavelength band generated from the battery;

Detecting radiation in the second wavelength band absorbed by the first gas that may be generated as a precursor when the battery explodes; And

Generating a notification signal when the ratio deviates from a normal value according to a ratio of an electric signal generated by the first detection unit and an electric signal generated by the second detection unit;

Containing, battery monitoring method.