KR102230513B1 - Apparatus and method for sorting solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

An apparatus for separating and sorting solid fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a discharge unit for transferring pulverized solid fuel; a magnetic sorting device configured to classify metals included in solid fuel discharged from the discharge unit including an elastic rotating unit forming an outer shape and a magnetic force fixing unit provided in the elastic rotating unit to generate the magnetic force; an elastic roller arranged so that the pulverized solid fuel from which the metals have been removed by the magnetic sorting device collides, and allowing an elastic pad having a predetermined elasticity to be attached thereto; and an air shooter generating wind at a preset air volume and speed with the remaining pulverized solid fuel classified by the elastic roller.

Description

Apparatus and method for sorting solid fuel

The present invention can selectively separate iron and non-metals from solid fuels, and separate unnecessary hard waste synthetic resins together with fuel that can reduce the clinker defect rate when added to a cement sand kiln, and secondary in solid waste combustion incinerators. It relates to a device capable of sorting the sorted fuel to the extent that sorting is unnecessary.

In general, wastes that can be used as fuel include sawdust from wood processing, seeds and by-products from various food processing, internal and external materials of buildings, and urethane foam that is produced after being used in home appliances such as refrigerators.

In order to collect these wastes and recycle them as low-efficiency fuels in paper mills or small and medium-sized factories, etc., it has to go through a treatment process.Since the volume of the waste is large, it incurs a lot of cost in the process of treatment and transportation, and a treatment device for crushing or compressing waste Because of the large volume, space is wasted.

Recently, with the growth of the green energy industry replacing fossil fuels, the conversion of wastes such as urethane foam to fuel has been attracting great attention, but there is a problem that it is difficult to commercialize it as a fuel due to its low efficiency.

Various wastes such as steel, wood, plastics, paper, waste concrete and waste soil are brought into the intermediate treatment plant for construction waste or household waste, and it is an important technical task to sort these mixed wastes according to their recycling purpose.

In particular, solid refuse fuel (SRF) is used to select combustible wastes such as wood, plastics, and paper from mixed wastes, and to crush and process the selected combustible wastes to be used as fuel.

The waste solid fuel is widely used as a fuel for industrial boilers and thermal power plants to extend the life of the final landfill site, reduce carbon dioxide by suppressing the use of fossil fuels, and improve the economics of intermediate treatment.

The present invention intends to propose a method and apparatus capable of very efficiently classifying metals, nonmetals, and waste synthetic resins from solid fuels.

An apparatus for separating and sorting solid fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention is for classifying metals contained in solid fuels discharged from the discharge unit and a discharge unit for transporting the pulverized solid fuel. A magnetic sorting device including an elastic rotating part to form and a magnetic force fixing part provided in the elastic rotating part to generate magnetic force, and the pulverized solid fuel from which metals have been removed by the magnetic sorting device collide with each other, and a predetermined elasticity And an elastic roller having an elastic pad attached thereto, and an air shooter that generates wind at a predetermined air volume and wind speed with the remaining pulverized solid fuel classified by the elastic roller.

In addition, a method for separating and sorting solid fuel according to an embodiment of the present invention is for classifying metals contained in a discharge unit for transporting pulverized solid fuel, and solid fuels discharged from the discharge unit, A magnetic sorting device including an elastic rotating part forming an outer shape and a magnetic force fixing part provided in the elastic rotating part to generate magnetic force, and the pulverized solid fuel from which metals have been removed by the magnetic sorting device are disposed to collide with each other, Separating and sorting solid fuel using a device comprising an elastic roller with an elastic pad attached with a set elasticity, and an air shooter that generates wind at a predetermined air volume and wind speed from the remaining pulverized solid fuel classified by the elastic roller. As a method for, the first classification of classifying metals from the pulverized solid fuel using the magnetic classification device, and the pulverized solid fuel from which metals have been removed in the first classification are collided with the elastic roller, Secondary classification for removing foreign substances by using the repulsive force of the elastic roller, and pulverized solid fuel from which waste synthetic resin has been removed to the pulverized solid fuel from which foreign substances are removed in the second classification, is moved to the magnetic classification device. It includes a third classification to further classify metals, and a fourth classification to remove waste synthetic resin using wind generated by the air shooter.

Through the proposed device and method, classification of metals and non-metals from solid fuels and classification of waste synthetic resins can be made very efficiently, reducing the rate of clinker defects when added to cement sand kilons, and additionally sorting them in SRF incinerators. There is no need to do so, and the recovered metal scrap can be resold to steel mills and used as circulating resources.

1 is a flowchart illustrating a process for separating and sorting solid fuel according to the present embodiment.
2 is a view showing a discharge unit and a magnetic sorting device according to the present embodiment.
3 is a view showing an elastic roller for removing foreign substances mixed in the pulverized waste synthetic resin according to the present embodiment.
4 is a view showing a state in which waste synthetic resin materials having a relatively low specific gravity are classified through an air shooter according to the present embodiment.
5 is a view showing movement of a metal storage container for separately receiving metals through a conveyor movement according to the present embodiment.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings with respect to the present embodiment will be described in detail. However, the scope of the spirit of the invention of this embodiment may be determined from the matters disclosed by this embodiment, and the idea of the invention of this embodiment is implementation of addition, deletion, change, etc. of components to the proposed embodiment. It will be said to include transformation

1 is a flowchart illustrating a process for separating and sorting solid fuel according to the present embodiment.

A process of separating metals and non-metals contained in solid fuel, and further separating and sorting waste synthetic resins together will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

First, a process in which the pulverized solid fuel falls through the discharge unit 210 for sequentially discharging the pulverized solid fuel is performed (S10).

In FIG. 2, a discharge unit and a magnetic classification device according to an embodiment are shown, and an operation of discharging pulverized solid fuel by the discharge unit and a metal classification operation by the magnetic classification device will be referred to together.

The discharge part 210 includes a rotating screw shaft 211 and a screw 212 formed on the outer circumference of the screw shaft 211 to guide the solid fuel pulverized by rotation of the screw shaft to sequentially move to the outlet of the discharge part. ).

Then, as a step for removing metals contained in the pulverized solid fuel that is sequentially discharged through the discharge unit 210, a first classifying (S20) process of metals using magnetic force is performed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the discharged pulverized solid fuel is configured to fall to the magnetic sorting device 220, and the magnetic sorting device 220 has a rotatable roller shape.

The magnetic classification device 220 is configured to be rotatable about a rotation axis, and although not shown, a guide and a moving frame may be configured to move up, down, left and right, and the position of the magnetic classification device 220 through this configuration You can adjust the speed of the pulverized material on the outer surface while moving.

In particular, the magnetic classification device 220 is disposed in the elastic rotating part 221 made of elastic rubber and the elastic rotating part 221 to provide a repulsive force so that non-metals and waste synthetic resin contained in the solid fuel falling or colliding are repelled. And it includes a magnetic force fixing portion 222 that generates magnetic force while being configured to maintain a fixed position irrespective of the rotation of the elastic rotating portion.

In detail, the elastic rotating part 221 is configured to be rotated by rotation of the rotating shafts configured on both sides while constituting the external shape of the magnetic sorting device 220.

In addition, the elastic rotation unit 221 is configured at a position where the pulverized solid fuel discharged through the discharge unit 210 falls or moves while colliding, and non-metals and waste synthetic resins contained in the solid fuel in contact are elastically rotated. It is repelled by a predetermined distance from the elastic rotating part 221 by the elasticity of the additional.

To this end, the elastic rotating part 221 is made of a rubber composition to have a predetermined elastic force. For example, the elastic rotating part 221 is NR (Natural Rubber), NBR (Nitrile Butadiene Rubber), SBR (Styrene Butadiene). Rubber), EPDM(Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer), ACM(Acrylic Rubber), AEM(Acrylic Ethylene Rubber), EPM(Ethylene Propylene Rubber), FPM(Fluorocarbon Rubber), FKM(Fluoro Rubber), VMQ(Vinyl Methyl Silicone Rubber) , ECO (Epichlorohydrin Rubber), PU (Polyester Urethane), HNBR (Hydrogenated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber), CR (Chloroprene Rubber), CSM (Chloro sulfonated Polyethylene Rubber).

In more detail, the rubber composition constituting the elastic rotating part 221 may include raw rubber, silica, and a silane coupling agent, and the raw rubber is natural rubber (NR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and It may contain butadiene rubber (BR).

The natural rubber is a rubber obtained from nature and mainly refers to a rubber having polyesoprene as a monomer. The natural rubber may further contain dust, and the RSS (ribbed smoked sheet) grade may be #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, preferably RSS #1, It may be #2 or #3. The natural rubber may be a general natural rubber or a modified natural rubber, and any of the general natural rubber may be used as long as it is known as a natural rubber, and may be produced in Malaysia, Cambodia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Brazil, etc. Not limited.

The styrene butadiene rubber is a group consisting of emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (E-SBR), solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber (S-SBR), and combinations thereof. Any one selected from may be used, and preferably a solution polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (S-SBR) may be used.

In the embodiment of the present invention, it is described that the external shape of the magnetic sorting device 220 is composed of an elastic rotating part 221, and a magnetic force fixing part 222 is formed therein, but the external shape of the magnetic sorting device 220 It is also possible that a cylinder frame forming a is configured, an elastic rotating part 221 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder frame, and a magnetic force fixing part 222 is disposed inside the cylinder frame.

Regardless of whether the elastic rotation part 221 is rotated or not, the magnetic fixing part 222 configured so as not to rotate even when the elastic rotation part 221 is rotated, that is, a fixed position will be described.

The magnetic force fixing part 222 has at least one bearing member 223 between the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic force fixing part 222 and the inner circumferential surface of the elastic rotation part 221 so that rotation does not occur irrespective of the rotation of the elastic rotation part 221. ) Is composed.

When viewed in cross section, the magnetic force fixing part 222 is made of a magnetic force generating magnetic force on one side, and a separate magnet is not formed on the other side. The magnetic force fixing portion 222 includes a magnetic force portion 222a disposed on one side to generate a magnetic force, and a non-magnetic force portion 222b made of a non-metallic material or in which the inner space is empty.

The non-magnetic part 222b does not have to be configured separately, and the magnetic fixing part 222 is made of a cylinder having an inner space, and the magnetic part 222a may be formed only in a partial space inside the cylinder. have.

Therefore, since the magnetic force fixing portion 222 generates magnetic force in one direction and does not generate magnetic force in the other direction, it is attached to the surface of the elastic rotating portion 221 when it is adjacent to metals in the magnetic force generating area. It rotates in a state, and non-metal materials (including waste synthetic resin) fall while being bounced off the surface of the elastic rotating part 221.

In view of the characteristics of the present invention for the purpose of reselling cement materials or scrap metal to steelmaking through recovery, the magnetic force portion 222a is preferably composed of a magnet having a magnetic force of 1,000 Gauss or more. The magnetic portion 222a may be made of an electromagnet, or may be made of a permanent magnet such as an alico magnet, a ferrite magnet, and a rare earth magnet (neodymium, samarium magnet).

In order to classify the metal substances contained in the pulverized solid fuel, the magnetic force of the magnetic force part 222a reaches the surface of the elastic rotating part 221 to accommodate the metals in close contact with the surface of the elastic rotating part, and the elastic rotating part 221 A classification receiving means 230 for separately receiving non-metallic substances that are not in close contact with the surface and dropped or bounced off is configured under the elastic rotating part 221.

The sorting and receiving means 230 includes a first receiving space 231 and a second receiving space 232, and is formed between the first receiving space 231 and the second receiving space 232 to an upper side. And a separation partition wall 233 protruding at a predetermined height.

In particular, when the sorting receiving means 230 is configured to rise or the magnetic sorting device 220 is lowered, the separation partition wall 233 comes into contact with the elastic rotating part 221 of the magnetic sorting device 220 As the elastic rotating part 221 rotates, metal materials that have been in close contact with the magnetic force may be separated from the elastic rotating part 221 and stored in the first accommodation space or the second accommodation space.

Metal materials that have been in close contact with/fixed to the elastic rotation part by magnetic force according to the rotation direction of the elastic rotation part 221 may be classified separately from non-metal materials or waste synthetic resin in the first accommodation space or the second accommodation space.

The classification of metal materials is performed by the magnetic classification device 220 as described above, and the classification of metal materials also leads to classification of non-metals and waste synthetic resins.

Meanwhile, as described above, after the primary classification using magnetic force is completed, metals and non-metals (including waste synthetic resin) are classified, and then a secondary classification process (S30) using an elastic roller is performed.

The secondary classification using the elastic roller will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3.

3 shows an elastic roller for removing foreign substances mixed in the pulverized waste synthetic resin according to the present embodiment.

The elastic roller 300 of the embodiment may be configured to be rotatable about a rotation axis, and although not shown, a guide and a moving frame may be configured to move up, down, left and right, and the position of the elastic roller 300 can be adjusted through this configuration. While moving, the repulsive force of the pulverized material hitting the elastic roller 300 can be adjusted.

In detail, the elastic roller 300 includes an elastic pad 310 attached to a predetermined thickness on the rotating roller, and the elastic pad 310 may be configured to have a thickness of 15 cm. In this case, the elastic pad 310 may include raw rubber, silica, and a silane coupling agent, and the raw rubber includes natural rubber (NR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), and butadiene rubber (BR). I can.

Non-metals falling or moving toward the elastic roller 300 and the foreign matter 20 contained in the waste synthetic resin pulverized material are small in size and specific gravity, so even if they collide with the elastic pad 310, they fall downward. After the flow and waste synthetic resin 10 collides with the elastic pad 310, it bounces off by a repulsive force.

Accordingly, storage containers spaced apart from each other at a distance are disposed under the elastic roller 300 to remove pulverized non-metals and non-metallic foreign substances contained in the waste synthetic resin.

Through such a foreign material removal process, non-ferrous materials, glass, stones, rubbers, etc. can be classified/removed from the pulverized solid fuel.

Then, for the pulverized solid fuel from which foreign substances are removed and metals are first classified, a third classification process (S40) using the magnetic classification device 200 is performed, which is metals that have not been removed in step S20. In addition, iron and non-ferrous metals, stones, glass, and rubber are removed using magnetic and repulsive forces. Even after the second sorting process is performed, in order to classify metals attached to the outer surface of the magnetic sorting device by magnetic force, the sorting receiving means rises toward the magnetic sorting device, or the magnetic sorting device accommodates the sorting. The descending to the means side is the same as that performed after the first classification (S20) step.

Then, for the pulverized solid fuel from which foreign substances are removed and metals are first classified, a fourth classification process (S50) using an air shooter is performed in order to remove waste synthetic resin. The fourth classification process will be described with reference to FIG. 4.

FIG. 4 shows a classification of waste synthetic resin materials having a relatively low specific gravity through an air shooter according to the present embodiment.

For example, in order to remove waste synthetic resin, which is a material with a low specific gravity contained in the solid fuel to be classified, conveyed on the conveyor belt 500, at least one air shooter 400 that generates wind having a preset air volume and wind speed. ) Is provided.

The waste synthetic resin contained in the solid fuel pulverized by the air shooter 400 is blown away, and the solid fuel remaining on the conveyor belt 500 is moved to a separate storage container.

Through this process, waste synthetic resins with low specific gravity contained in the solid fuel from which foreign substances have been removed are removed.

After the process of removing the waste synthetic resin having a light specific gravity using an air shooter, as shown in FIG. 5, a transfer process (S60) to the metal storage container 601 for separately receiving metals is performed through a conveyor movement.

In addition to metals stored in the metal storage container 601, non-metal materials from which waste synthetic resin has been removed are also stored in a separate container, and foreign materials and waste synthetic resin are removed so that secondary screening is unnecessary in the SRF incinerator. Becomes.

Claims (10)

A discharge unit for transferring the pulverized solid fuel,
A magnetic sorting device for classifying metals contained in solid fuels discharged from and falling from the discharge unit, comprising an elastic rotation unit forming an external shape, and a magnetic force fixing unit provided in the elastic rotation unit to generate magnetic force,
An elastic roller disposed to collide with the pulverized solid fuel from which metals are removed by the magnetic classification device, and to which an elastic pad having a predetermined elasticity is attached;
An air shooter that generates wind at a preset air volume and wind speed with the remaining pulverized solid fuel classified by the elastic roller;
And a sorting receiving means disposed under the magnetic sorting device to accommodate metals and non-metallic substances sorted by the magnetic sorting device,
The sorting receiving means includes a first receiving space, a second receiving space, and a separation partition wall formed between the first receiving space and the second receiving space and protruding upward at a predetermined height,
In order to classify metals attached to the outer surface of the magnetic sorting device by magnetic force, the sorting receiving means rises toward the magnetic sorting device, or the magnetic sorting device descends toward the sorting accommodation means. Devices for separating and sorting. The method of claim 1,
A device for separating and sorting solid fuel, characterized in that the magnetic force fixing part of the magnetic sorting device is configured to maintain a fixed position irrespective of the rotation of the elastic rotating part. The method of claim 1,
An apparatus for separating and sorting solid fuel, characterized in that at least one bearing member is formed between an outer peripheral surface of the magnetic fixing portion and an inner peripheral surface of the elastic rotating portion. The method of claim 1,
The device for separating and sorting solid fuel, characterized in that the magnetic fixing part comprises a magnetic part disposed on one side to generate a magnetic force greater than a predetermined value, and a non-magnetic part made of a non-metallic material or in which the internal space is empty. The method of claim 1,
The device for separating and separating solid fuel, wherein the magnetic force fixing part is made of a cylinder having an inner space, and a magnet generating a magnetic force above a predetermined level is disposed only in a partial space inside the cylinder. delete delete The method of claim 1,
The elastic roller includes an elastic pad attached to a predetermined thickness on the rotating roller, and the elastic pad includes raw rubber, silica, and a silane coupling agent,
The elastic roller and the magnetic sorting device is a device for separating and sorting solid fuel, characterized in that configured to move up and down or left and right. A discharge unit for transferring the pulverized solid fuel,
A magnetic sorting device for classifying metals contained in solid fuels discharged from and falling from the discharge unit, comprising an elastic rotation unit forming an external shape, and a magnetic force fixing unit provided in the elastic rotation unit to generate magnetic force,
An elastic roller disposed to collide with the pulverized solid fuel from which metals are removed by the magnetic classification device, and to which an elastic pad having a predetermined elasticity is attached;
An air shooter that generates wind at a preset air volume and wind speed with the remaining pulverized solid fuel classified by the elastic roller
A method for separating and sorting solid fuel using a device including a sorting receiving means disposed below the magnetic sorting device to accommodate metals and non-metallic substances sorted by the magnetic sorting device,
A primary classification for classifying metals from the pulverized solid fuel using the magnetic classification device,
Secondary classification for removing foreign substances by using the repulsive force of the elastic roller by making the pulverized solid fuel from which metals are removed in the first classification above collide with the elastic roller,
A tertiary classification for additionally classifying metals by moving the pulverized solid fuel from which waste synthetic resin has been removed to the pulverized solid fuel from which foreign substances have been removed in the second classification,
Including the fourth classification to remove waste synthetic resin by using the wind generated by the air shooter,
The magnetic force fixing unit in the magnetic classification device is composed of a magnet having a magnetic force of 1,000 gauss or more,
After the first classification and the fourth classification are performed, respectively, in order to classify metals attached to the outer surface of the magnetic classification device by magnetic force, the classification receiving means rises toward the magnetic classification device, or the magnetic classification A method for separating and sorting solid fuel, characterized in that the device descends toward the sorting receiving means.
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