KR102199043B1 - An Apparatus for Measuring a Convergence of a Tunnel Using a Laser Sensor Array Capable of Measuring a Distance and a Method for Measuring a Convergence of a Tunnel with the Same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically measuring tunnel pitting displacement using a laser distance sensor array and a method for automatically measuring tunnel pitting displacement by the apparatus, and in particular, using an array consisting of a plurality of laser distance measurement sensors that transmit signals in different directions. The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically measuring tunnel cavity displacement using a laser distance sensor array that enables measurement of tunnel cavity displacement, and a method for automatically measuring tunnel cavity displacement by the same. The automatic tunnel internal displacement measurement apparatus includes: a sensor array 11 having a plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n capable of measuring a distance to a predetermined location within a tunnel by transmitting signals in different directions and receiving a reflected signal; And a data logger unit 12 that processes and stores measurement information of signals received from each of the distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n.

Description

An Apparatus for Measuring a Convergence of a Tunnel Using a Laser Sensor Array Capable of Measuring a Distance and a Method for Measuring a Convergence of a Tunnel with the Same}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically measuring tunnel pitting displacement using a laser distance sensor array and a method for automatically measuring tunnel pitting displacement by the apparatus, and in particular, using an array consisting of a plurality of laser distance measurement sensors that transmit signals in different directions. The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically measuring tunnel cavity displacement using a laser distance sensor array that enables measurement of tunnel cavity displacement, and a method for automatically measuring tunnel cavity displacement by the same.

Convergence Measurement refers to measuring displacement in the direction of a hole in order to detect a change in stress or plastic deformation of a structure such as a tunnel. Pore displacement measurement is performed to ensure safety through continuous understanding of structure behavior while predicting collapse risk factors by measuring relative position change due to stress change in tunnel lining or displacement due to load concentration phenomenon. The manual method of measuring the pitting displacement is (i) inserting an anchor into the lining at the measurement point and fixing it with grouting, resin or cement mortar, and (ii) fixing the hook of the pitting displacement meter to the anchors fixed at different positions. The tension is maintained, and (iii) the initial value of the internal hole displacement is measured periodically at intervals of 15 or 30 days to detect the occurrence of displacement of the structure. The automatic hole displacement measurement method for measuring the hole displacement may be a mechanical method, an electrical method, or an optical method.

The optical fiber sensor method, which is one of the automatic hole measurement methods, has the disadvantage that it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the tunnel displacement because it is only possible to measure the length change of the sensor, and it is limited to the monitoring function of the tunnel behavior. In the case of a three-dimensional optical wave measuring system, a reflector and expensive measuring equipment must be fixedly installed inside the tunnel, and for example, it is difficult to measure the deformation at the apex of the tunnel. In the case of the method of measuring the internal hole displacement by the EL beam sensor, it is possible to measure the displacement by being installed on the sidewall or ceiling of the tunnel, but it has a problem that vertical and horizontal sensors and an anchor must be installed to measure the internal hole displacement of the tunnel. The BCS measurement system (Basset Convergence System), which corresponds to the transformation of the EL beam sensor system, has a problem that the EL beam sensor must be attached to a plurality of major axes and minor axes to measure the deformed shape of the tunnel, and thus maintenance is difficult. Like the BCS measurement system, TPMS (Tunnel Profile Monitoring System) has a problem that a number of sensors must be installed to specify the deformation shape of the tunnel. In addition, the DOCS (Digital Optic Conversion System) has a problem that maintenance is difficult because a number of sensors must be installed in the lining like other systems. Therefore, there is a need for a new measurement system capable of solving the problems of such a measurement system.

Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0062308 attaches a sensor attachment mechanism to the measuring point along the cross section of the lining from the fiber optic FBG sensor attached to the tunnel lining, installs two sensors on the same surface to be measured, and then measures a minute change in length. Disclosed is an apparatus and a system for measuring two-dimensional inner hole displacement of a tunnel using an optical fiber sensor that measures two length changes in a manner of calculating the two-dimensional inner hole displacement of a tunnel.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2010-0138401 discloses a strip member formed of a plastic material having a thin strip shape by being installed and fixed in a continuous shape along the inner curved surface of the tunnel lining; A plurality of FBG sensors spaced apart from each other along a long axis length direction on one surface of the strip member; And an optical fiber cable connecting the plurality of FBG sensors.

It is difficult to solve the problem of the known technology presented above by the method for measuring internal cavity displacement disclosed in the prior art, and for this reason, it is necessary to propose a new method for measuring internal cavity displacement.

The present invention has the following objects to solve the problems of the prior art.

Prior Art 1: Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0062308 (ATMAX Co., Ltd., published on June 23, 2005) A device and system for measuring two-dimensional void displacement of a tunnel using an optical fiber sensor Prior Art 2: Patent Publication 10-2010-0138401 (Kaisen Co., Ltd., published on December 31, 2010) Tunnel lining internal cavity displacement measurement device

An object of the present invention is an automatic measurement device for tunnel pitting displacement using a laser distance sensor array that enables the measurement of the pitting displacement of the tunnel by analyzing the received data logger by transmitting signals in different directions, and automatic measurement of the pitting displacement of the tunnel thereby To provide a way.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for automatically measuring the internal cavity displacement of a tunnel is a sensor array having a plurality of distance measurement sensors capable of measuring distances to a predetermined location inside the tunnel by transmitting signals in different directions and receiving reflected signals. ; And a data logger unit that processes and stores measurement information of signals received from each distance measurement sensor.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of distance measuring sensors are laser sensors or radar sensors.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the angle at which signals of the plurality of distance measuring sensors are transmitted is adjustable.

According to still another suitable embodiment of the present invention, it includes the step of detecting whether the measurement is successful, and transmitting the signal again according to the detection result to measure.

According to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for automatically measuring a tunnel interior cavity displacement includes determining an arrangement position of a sensor array including a plurality of distance measurement sensors and a signal transmission angle of each distance measurement sensor; Determining a measurement period of the plurality of distance measurement sensors; Measuring a distance by transmitting a signal to a predetermined location inside the tunnel by a plurality of distance measurement sensors according to the measurement period; And calculating the displacement of the predetermined position.

The automatic measuring device according to the present invention is easy to install, maintain, and repair, and enables the measurement of the internal cavity displacement regardless of whether some sensors malfunction. The automatic measurement device according to the present invention can be applied to various types of tunnels such as subway tunnels, general vehicle tunnels, or train tunnels without being affected by environmental changes or ambient atmosphere. In addition, the automatic measurement method according to the present invention is installed in an arbitrary position without damage to the tunnel itself, so that the internal hole displacement can be measured.

1A and 1B show an embodiment of an apparatus for automatically measuring internal cavity displacement according to the present invention.
2 shows an embodiment of a distance measurement sensor applied to the automatic measurement device for internal cavity displacement according to the present invention.
3A and 3B illustrate an embodiment of a tunnel to which the apparatus for measuring internal cavity displacement according to the present invention is applied and an embodiment of a method for automatically measuring tunnel internal displacement.

In the following, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments are for a clear understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following description, components having the same reference numerals in different drawings have similar functions, so if they are not necessary for the understanding of the invention, they will not be described repeatedly, and well-known components will be briefly described or omitted, but the present invention It should not be understood as being excluded from the embodiment of.

The apparatus and method for automatically measuring the internal cavity displacement of a tunnel according to the present invention can be applied to various types of tunnels such as a subway tunnel, a general vehicle tunnel, or a train tunnel. The automatic measurement device may measure a distance to a predetermined location of a tunnel by a plurality of distance measurement sensors and store it in a data logger unit. The distance measurement sensor may be a variety of distance measurement sensors capable of distance measurement such as a laser sensor, a radar sensor, or an ultrasonic sensor, but a laser sensor or a radar sensor that is not affected by the surrounding environment may be advantageously applied.

1A and 1B show an embodiment 10 of an apparatus for automatically measuring internal cavity displacement according to the present invention.

1A and 1B, the tunnel internal hole displacement automatic measurement device 10 transmits signals in different directions and receives a reflected signal to measure a distance to a predetermined position inside the tunnel. A sensor array 11 having 111_a to 111_n); And a data logger unit 12 that processes and stores measurement information of signals received from each of the distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n.

A plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n are arranged to transmit signals in different directions inside the fixed housing 13, and a plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n are provided in one sensor array 11 To form. The distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n may be distance sensors such as a laser sensor transmitting a laser beam or a radar sensor transmitting a microwave. A plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n are arranged linearly to transmit signals in different directions and receive a reflected signal from a predetermined position inside the tunnel, and between the predetermined positions from each of the measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n. You can measure the distance. In addition, the distance value measured from each of the measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n may be transmitted to and stored in the data logger unit 12.

The plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n may be arranged in various ways, for example, a sensor group including at least one distance measurement sensor 111_a to 111_n may be arranged in two or three rows. An angle at which a signal is transmitted by each of the distance measuring sensors 111_a to 111_n may be preset based on a reference line, and the reference line may be, for example, an extension direction of a tunnel or an extension direction of a fixed housing. And, as described below, the signal transmission angle of each of the distance measuring sensors 111_a to 111_n is adjustable.

The data logger unit 12 may include a processing unit such as a microprocessor that processes a distance value transmitted from each of the distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n, and a storage medium that stores the processed distance measurement data. Additionally, the data logger unit 12 may include a communication unit for transmitting distance measurement data to a predetermined server.

The sensor array 11 is disposed inside the fixed housing 13, and the data logger unit 12 may be disposed inside the logger case 14, respectively, and separated from the fixed housing 13 while being separated by a separation partition wall. The logger case 14 may have a housing cover 131 and a case cover 141, respectively. However, the fixed housing 13 and the logger case 14 may be integrally formed and may have a structure sealed by a single cover.

The fixed housing 13 may be made of a linear structure, and by separating the fixed housing 13 and the logger case 14, the sensor array 11 and the data logger unit 12 can be independently accessed as needed. do. For example, when the signal transmission angle of one distance measuring sensor (for example, 111_a) disposed inside the fixed housing 13 needs to be adjusted, only the housing cover 131 may be removed.

Fixing portions 133 and 143 are formed on the fixed housing 13 and the logger case 14 so that the automatic internal hole displacement measurement device 10 can be fixed at a predetermined position, for example, on the bottom of the tunnel.

The automatic measurement device 10 for internal cavity displacement may be driven by an independent power source such as a battery or may be driven by being connected to an external power supply unit. The independent power source may be disposed inside the fixed housing 13 or the logger case 14. The automatic measurement device 10 for internal cavity displacement is operated periodically, such as 15 days or 30 days, so it needs to be operated only at a predetermined measurement time. For this, a timer may be installed, and an automatic on/off device connected to the timer may be disposed. Alternatively, the on/off of the internal hole displacement automatic measurement device 10 may be periodically controlled by a communication unit installed in the data logger unit 12. The distance measurement data stored in the data logger unit 12 may be transmitted to a predetermined server through communication, but distance measurement data may be collected by direct connection. In the case of direct connection, the communication unit does not necessarily need to be installed, so in this case, a timer needs to be installed. Alternatively, the internal hole displacement automatic measurement device 10 may be turned on/off by a remote control.

The fixed housing 13 and the logger case 14 may have a vibration or shock absorbing structure. Alternatively, it can be fixed to a base having a vibration or shock absorbing structure. The fixed housing 13 or the logger case 14 having various structures may be applied to the apparatus 10 for automatically measuring internal cavity displacement according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the presented embodiments.

As described above, the distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n may have various signal transmission angles.

2 shows an embodiment of a distance measurement sensor applied to the automatic measurement device for internal cavity displacement according to the present invention.

2, the distance measurement sensor 111a may be composed of a signal generator 211 and a signal inducer 212, and a laser beam or microwave generated from the signal generator 211 is It is induced and can transmit a signal (LR) to a predetermined location in the tunnel. The signal induction device 212 may have a function of a reception induction device for receiving a signal reflected from the inner wall of the tunnel, and an induction lens may be installed on the signal induction device 212 if necessary.

A rotation adjustment unit 22 may be installed on the distance measurement sensor 111a, and the rotation adjustment unit 22 may be fixed to the fixing bracket 23. The distance measurement sensor 111a may be installed to rotate the rotation control unit 22 with a rotation axis, and the disk-shaped rotation control unit 22 may be fixed to a fixing hole formed in the fixing bracket 23. A plurality of fixing brackets 23 may be arranged linearly inside the fixing housing 13, and a distance measurement sensor 111a is fixed to each of the fixing brackets 23 so as to be rotatable by the rotation adjustment unit 22 Can be. In addition, when the distance measurement sensor 111a is adjusted to a predetermined angle, rotation of the distance measurement sensor 111a may be restricted by a stopper or a locking unit installed in the rotation control unit 22.

The distance measurement sensor 111a may adjust the signal transmission angle in various ways, and the present invention is not limited to the presented embodiment.

3A and 3B illustrate an embodiment of a tunnel to which the apparatus for measuring internal cavity displacement according to the present invention is applied and an embodiment of a method for automatically measuring tunnel internal displacement.

Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, the method for automatically measuring the displacement of the tunnel interior includes the steps of determining an arrangement position of a sensor array including a plurality of distance measurement sensors and a signal transmission angle of each distance measurement sensor (P31); Determining a measurement period of the plurality of distance measurement sensors (P32); Measuring a distance by transmitting a signal to a predetermined position inside the tunnel by a plurality of distance measuring sensors according to the measurement period (P34); And calculating the displacement of the predetermined position (P37). In addition, the method for automatically measuring the internal hole displacement may include detecting whether the measurement is successful, and transmitting the signal again according to the detection result to measure (P35).

As shown in FIG. 3A, a sensor array 11 having a plurality of distance measuring sensors may be disposed at a center position of the inner surface 311 of the tunnel 31. For example, in the case of a train tunnel, it may be installed on the track 32 or may be installed on a base unit separately installed on the floor. The sensor array 11 may be installed at a central position on the inner surface of the tunnel, but is not limited thereto and may be installed at various positions.

Each of the distance measuring sensors may transmit signals LR_1 to LR_m having different directions to different positions of the tunnel inner surface 311. And, by receiving the reflected signal, it is possible to measure the distance to each location. And it is possible to analyze the deformation of the tunnel by measuring the displacement over time for each location. Since the sensor array 11 is disposed at the center position of the tunnel inner surface 311, the reflected signal returns to the sensor array 11 again. However, depending on the structure of the inner surface 111 of the tunnel, the reflected signal may not be returned to the sensor array 11. In this case, a reflective surface may be formed on the inner surface 311 of the tunnel (P33). The reflective surface may be attached to the tunnel inner surface 311 and may be made to face the sensor array 11.

Measurement may not be performed due to the movement of the vehicle or the movement of the train during the measurement process. Therefore, it is necessary to detect whether the measurement is successful (P35). If the measurement is not successful (NO), the measurement can be made again (P34). On the other hand, if measurements have been made, the data can be transmitted to the data logger unit.

In addition, measurement errors may be filtered as necessary (P36). For example, if the measured value of the corresponding measuring distance sensor is out of the expected range compared to the value measured by the other distance measuring sensor, the measured value of the corresponding distance measuring sensor may be treated as an error. In this case, if necessary, the corresponding distance measurement sensor may be operated again.

The distance measurement of the sensor array 11 may be performed at a constant period such as 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 2 hours, 15 days or 30 days, and the measured values may be stored in the data logger unit together with the measurement time. Further, the distance measurement data stored in the data logger unit may be separately collected or transmitted to an appropriate server to be used for displacement calculation and analysis (P37). Distance measurement can be done in two ways. First, the distance may be measured and stored by the sensor array 11 periodically. If necessary, periodically measured data may be transferred to another storage medium immediately after measurement or at another appropriate time or transmitted to the tunnel management server through wireless communication. Another way of measuring distance is to take place on request at any time. Distance measurement is performed wirelessly or at any time by direct manipulation, and the measurement data may be stored and immediately transmitted to the tunnel management server.

Various measurement procedures can be applied to the method for automatically measuring the internal cavity displacement according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the presented embodiments.

The automatic measuring device according to the present invention is easy to install, maintain, and repair, and enables the measurement of the internal cavity displacement regardless of whether some sensors malfunction. The automatic measurement device according to the present invention can be applied to various types of tunnels such as subway tunnels, general vehicle tunnels, or train tunnels without being affected by environmental changes or ambient atmosphere. In addition, the automatic measurement method according to the present invention is installed in an arbitrary position without damage to the tunnel itself, so that the internal hole displacement can be measured.

The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the presented embodiments, but those of ordinary skill in this field will be able to make various modifications and modifications without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention with reference to the presented embodiments. . The present invention is not limited by such modifications and variations of the invention, but is limited by the claims appended below.

10: tunnel hole displacement automatic measurement device 11: sensor array
12: data logger unit 13: fixed housing
14: logger case 22: rotation adjustment unit
23: fixing bracket 31: tunnel
32: line 111_a to 111_n: distance measurement sensor
131: housing cover 133, 143: fixing part
141: case cover 211: signal generator
212: signal inducer 311: tunnel inner surface
LR: signal LR_1 to LR_m: signal

Claims (2)

In the device for measuring the internal displacement of the tunnel,
A fixed housing 13 fixed to extend linearly to the ground inside the tunnel by a fixed portion 133 and installed with a housing cover 131;
A sensor array 11 consisting of a plurality of measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n that are disposed in the fixed housing 13 to be separated from each other along the extension direction of the fixed housing 13 to measure a distance to a predetermined position inside the tunnel ;
A logger case 14 in which a data logger unit 12 for processing and storing measurement information of the plurality of measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n is disposed therein; And
It includes a rotation adjustment unit 22 fixed to the fixing bracket 23 to adjust the rotation of each of the measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n,
Each of the measurement sensors (111a to 111_n) is composed of a signal generator (211) and a signal inducer (212) and is periodically operated by an automatic on/off device connected to a timer. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor array 11 is disposed at a center position of the tunnel 31, and a plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n signal signals in different directions at different positions of the tunnel inner surface 311 An automatic measuring device for internal cavity displacement of a tunnel, characterized in that it becomes a laser sensor for transmitting and receiving.

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